Location

of Muscles

Skeletal

Muscles

Posterior

view

Hamstring

group

Trapezius

Hamstring

group

Gastrocnemius

Latissimus dorsi

Gluteus

maximus

Triceps brachii

F

A

D

C

B

E

L

K

J

H

G

P

O

N

M

I

Muscles You Need to Know

1. brachioradialis

2. biceps brachii

3. deltoid

4. external oblique

5. frontalis

6. gastrocnemius

7. gluteus maximus

8. hamstring group

9. latissimus dorsi

10. masseter

11. pectoralis major

12. quadriceps group

13. rectus abdominis

14. tibialis anterior

15. trapezius

16. triceps brachii

9

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

Location of Muscles

InvoluntaryMuscles

Diaphragm

Digestive organs

Arrector pili

Heart

Urinary bladder

Muscles aroundblood vessels

Muscle Tissue Anatomy

bundle of muscle

fibers – fascicle

M

u

s

c

l

e

T

I

s

s

u

e

A

n

a

t

o

m

y

Muscle

Filaments

Myofibrils

Muscle Fibers

Fascicle

Muscles are made up of bundles

of muscle fibers, called fascicles

Fascicle is a bundle of muscle

fibers

A muscle fiber is a muscle

cell….made up of many

small myofibrils

Myofibrils

contain filaments

Two types of

protein

filaments

Muscle Movement

______- Muscle that bends the joint when

contracted.

________- Muscle that straightens the joint

when contracted.

__________ muscle

is short, firm, tight

and thicker around.

_______ muscle is

stretched, long, loose

and thinner around.

Flexor

Extensor

Relaxed

Contracted

Muscle Movement

When the biceps in the arm contracts the triceps

________ causing ________ of the arm.

When the triceps in the arm _________ the biceps

relaxes causing ____________ of the arm.

relaxes

______ of muscles are

needed because the

only active _________

of a muscle is to

_______, to lengthen it

must be _________ by

the action of an

opposing _______.

bending

contracts

straightening

Pairs

movement

contract

stretched

muscle

Muscle + Bone Interaction

Let’s review the structures involved in movement at a joint.

Ligament

Tendon

Cartilage

Body (Belly)

Origin

Insertion

Contracted muscle

Relaxed muscle

Flexor

Extensor

B

C

F F

B

F

B

C

D

E

G

D C

A

Muscle Disorders

A strain is an injury to a muscle or tendon, and is often caused by overuse, force, or stretching.

Injured area experiences:

pain and soreness

swelling

warmth, bruising, or redness

difficulty using or moving the injured area in a normal manner

Strain

Muscle Disorders

There are three degrees of muscle ruptures

A muscle tear may be partial or complete and caused either by a direct blow or by overexertion.

Muscle Bruise

Muscle Disorders

Muscle spasm- when A muscle (or even a few fibers of a muscle) involuntarily contract

Muscle cramp- involuntarily + forcibly contracted muscle that does not relax

CrampsSpasms

Muscle Disorders

Tetanus is a preventable disease through vaccination

Caused by bacteria that enters the body through the skin

Found in soil, dust and manure

Toxin bacteria produces interferes with nerve transmission to your muscles and causes them to seize up in painful spasms.

Tetanus typically starts in the jaw and muscles of the face, quickly spreading to the arms and legs.

“Lockjaw”

Difficulty swallowing

Intestines often seize up

Bladder fails to empty

Cardiac arrest

Tetanus

Muscle Disorders

Poliomyelitis, often called polio is an acuteviral infectious disease which is spread fromperson-to-person via the fecal-oral route.

The majority of polio infections are asymptomatic.

In about 1% of cases the virus enters the (CNS) via the blood stream.

Within the CNS, poliovirus infects and destroys motor neurons.

Polio

Old Polio

Asymmetric atrophy

& weakness

Atrophic right leg

(arrow) in patient

with paralytic polio 70

years in past

The destruction of motor neurons causes muscle weakness and flaccid paralysis

Vaccination created by Jonas Salk in 1955 has eliminated the disease