00

Toshihiro KOSE

Director-General,

Trademark, Design and

Administrative Affairs Department

Japan Patent Office

March 12, 2013

The Importance of IP in Innovation,

Promotion and its Exploitation;

Japan’s Case

1

Contents

1.History of Intellectual Property (IP) System and

Innovations in Japan

2. Cases of Japanese Companies’ Innovation

3. Japanese Government’s Policies for Promoting

Innovations

22

Korekiyo Takahashi

(First JPO Commissioner,

who became a prime

minister later)

Original JPO Bldg.

(Established in 1885)

History of JPO and the Industrial Property Rights System (1)

1884 Enactment of Trademark Act

1885 Enactment of Patent Act and establishment

of the Japan Patent Office (JPO)

1889 Enactment of Design Act

1896 Beginning of Foreign Applications

1899 Accession to Paris Convention

1905 Enactment of Utility Model Law

Establishment of the IPR System in JapanEstablishment of the IPR System in Japan

Modern industrializationModern industrialization

Panels of ten great

Japanese inventors

(100th Anniversary

Project)

33

Present JPO Bldg.

(completed in 1989)

History of JPO and the Industrial Property Rights System (2)

1959 Revision of IP Laws (Patent, Utility Model, Trademark, Design)

1975 Accession to World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)

1978 Accession to Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)

1990 Introduction of Electronic applications

2000 Accession to Madrid Protocol

2002 Enactment of Intellectual Property Basic Act

2005 Establishment of IP High Court

2006 Start of Patent Prosecution Highway (PPH)

2010 125th Anniversary of IPR system in Japan

Period of Economic GrowthPeriod of Economic Growth

Period of Period of Economic Economic GlobalizGlobalizationation

4

No. of Patent Applications and TrendNo. of Patent Applications and TrendNo. of Patent Applications and TrendNo. of Patent Applications and Trendin GDP (Japan)in GDP (Japan)in GDP (Japan)in GDP (Japan)

0

100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010year

billion yen

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

500,000

Number of PatentApplications

Gr oss Domest i c Pr oduct

Number of Pat entAppl i cat i ons

Number of Patent Applications and Trend in GDP

[Source] IMF,WIPO IP Statistics

Innovation has been accelerating according to economic growth,

followed by the increasing number of patent applications.

5

Resident Patent Applications per R&D Expenditure,

2003-2007

Log Resident Patent

Applications

Log R&D Expenditure

Resident Patent Applications per R&D Expenditure,

2003-2007

Log Resident Patent

Applications

Log R&D Expenditure[Source] World Intellectual Property Indicators 2009

In Japan, compared to other foreign countries, a larger amount of money has been spent on R&D activities, all while a significant number of patent applications have been filed.

Number of Patent Applications and R&D Expenditure

6

Changes in the Number of Overseas Applications Filed by JapaneseChanges in the Number of Overseas Applications Filed by JapaneseChanges in the Number of Overseas Applications Filed by JapaneseChanges in the Number of Overseas Applications Filed by Japanese CompaniesCompaniesCompaniesCompanies

With corporate activities becoming more

globalized, Japanese companies have

increased the number of applications

that they filed in foreign countries for

patents, designs, and trademarks.

■Number of PCT Applications from Japan

■ Number of TrademarkTrademarkTrademarkTrademark Applications for International Registration from Japan

■Number of Design Applications Filed in Foreign Countries by Japanese Applicants

0

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 （year)

（Number）

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011（year）

（Number）

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012（year)

（Number）

[Source] Patents and trademarks: JPO statistics Design: WIPO IP Statistics

7

Trends in Japan’’’’s Balance of Trade in Terms of Technology

貿易収支貿易収支貿易収支貿易収支パワポパワポパワポパワポ

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

（Fiscal year）

（billion\）

Export (amount received)

Import (amount paid)

Balance (exports - imports)

Based on the technological precedence of Japanese companies, Japan’s

technological trade surplus has grown to 2 trillion yen per year.

Based on the “Report of the Survey on Science and Technology.

8

Contents

1.History of Intellectual Property (IP) System and

Innovations in Japan

2. Cases of Japanese Companies’ Innovation

3. Japanese Government’s Policies for Promoting

Innovations

9

Company’s Roots Entry into a New Business Area

9Source: http://www.toyota-global.com/

Toyota Case(Utilization of Patent,Design,TM)

in 1924

Patent Design

Trademark

Capital: $5 billion, Annual sales: $240 billion

Today

1010

Gradually

expanded

operations

The company started by making minor

improvements to wiring equipment ・・・・・・・・・・・・

Company’s Roots Workplace The first product

Today

Capital: $3 billion

Annual sales: $110 billion Source: http://panasonic.net/

Panasonic Case (Creation and Protection)

in 1918

11

Sumitomo Chemical Case

Contributions to Africa through Japanese Innovations

�Olyset Net The company developed mosquito

nets containing insecticides in

their threads.

(The repellent lasts more than 5 years)

→→→→WHO recommends using them.

�Approx. 29 million are produced per year

�Approx. 7,000 jobs were created (as of August 2010)

�Local production in Tanzania Granted manufacturing technology without

any charge to local companies

Set up a joint venture with local companies

Source: http://www.sumitomo-chem.co.jp/csr/africa/index.html

(Registered Trademark)

→→→→ providing under the Trademark of ““““Olyset Net””””in the world, focused on Africa.

®

®

• Synthetic chemical company

• R&D with the effective use of IP

such as patents.

1212

Innovations are not always created based on advanced technologies.

Examples of Familiar Innovations

・Outstanding designs

・Obtained funding based on the registered design right

Before being opened,

it protects vegetables.

After being opens, it serves as a plate.

Some were based on excellent ideas and concepts developed by Some were based on excellent ideas and concepts developed by SMEsSMEs and individualsand individuals..

【【【【Animal rubber band】】】】【【【【Packing Container】】】】

・Patents were filed and protected overseas

・Company sought business partners

overseas

13

“Plant Factory” as a new style of agriculture.

Computerized control of environmental items including light, water, temperature, and humidity.

Stable and efficient production of delicious, safe and worry-free, and nutritious vegetables

throughout the year.

Can be set up in sites other than farmlands since it can be set up anywhere.

Innovation from Agriculture

××××Blocks out the outer

world to prevent

pests and diseases

Can be set up anywhere

Organic vegetables

that are safe and

worry-free

Utilize unused land

Computerized

environmental

control

High productivity

throughout the year

Control nutrition and

light wavelength

Nutritious vegetables

Controls light, temperature, carbon dioxide level, moisture content, and nutrition

14

Commercializ

e inventions!

Expand our

business using

the new

product!

We lack R&D

capabilities …

We don’t know how to

apply our research

results …

Company

commercializes

university’s

research results

Fill the gaps in each other’s weak

areas

Ajinomoto Case (Industry-University Cooperation)

� “Umami” seasoning

by Prof. Kikunae Ikeda

(Tokyo University)

in 1907

15

Contents

1.History of Intellectual Property (IP) System and

Innovations in Japan

2. Cases of Japanese Companies’ Innovation

3. Japanese Government’s Policies for Promoting

Innovations

1616

Intellectual Property Cycle

The ultimate goal is to make IP cycle more robust and more dynamic.

Creation(Invention)

Protection(Granting of

rights)

Utilizationof rights

Filingapplications

Industrial property rights

Profit

1717

Changes in IP Strategies (Design / Brand)

Design

Trademark

Product name, Brand

name, LogotypeIP Rights

Pat. No. 4743919 Design of operation screen

Design of appearance

Reg. No. 1356982 Handheld Terminal

Reg. No. 1326330 Handheld Terminal

Image of Compound Protection of IP Rights

Tablet Information

Terminal Device

Technology of scrolling a screen using a touch screen

Patent

1818

Government-driven Innovations (Areas of Advanced Technologies)

Promotion of innovations and patent filings of the results.

【Environment/Energy】

Lithium-ion batteries

Batteries are applied to a car.

LED

Street light LCD TV

iPS cells

Professor Yamanaka

【Life sciences】

0

10

20

30

40

50

60ライフサイエンス

情報通信

ナノテクノロジー・材料

環境

エネルギー

ものづくり

社会基盤

フロンティア

日本国籍

米国籍

欧州国籍

（％）Life sciences

Monozukuri

Energy

Environment

Nanomaterialstechnology

Information &Telecommunication

JPUSEU

【Comparison between Japan/US/Europe

Patent Applications Published in 2007】

Socialinfrastructures

Frontiersciences

【Nanomaterials technology】

Japanese Government has designated

important eight technological areas

Research expenses / supports are

intensively supplied.

1919

IP Strategy IP Strategy HeadquartersHeadquarters

Headed by:

The Prime Minister

Headquarters members:

All the Ministers and

10 experts

Headed by:

The Prime Minister

Headquarters members:

All the Ministers and

10 experts

Intellectual Property Strategic Program 2012

1. Comprehensive IP Innovation Strategy

2. Comprehensive content strategies to boost Japan

Extracted from the Intellectual Property Strategic Program 2012

IP Strategic Program

IP Strategy Headquarters formulate the “IP Strategic Program” every year.

Government ministries and agencies implement measures based on the programs.

The IP Strategic Program 2012 was formulated on May 29th, 2012.

Intellectual Property Strategic Program

Other MinistriesJPO Companies Universities

20

Industrial Development

Establishing IP infrastructure

Promoting the creation,

protection and utilization of IPRs

� Developing IP laws

� Environment for IPR

enforcement

� Developing IP experts

� Raising awareness on the

importance of IPRs

� Subsidies for Innovations

� Formulating IP strategies

� Facilitating collaboration

between industry and

academia

Road to Industrial Development

21

� Providing JPO Examination Results in English via the Internet

→→→→ Reduces work load of foreign examiners

�AIPN: Advanced Industrial Property Network

� The AIPN started on 12 October 2004, now it is used

in 61 IPOs all over the world. (14 African IPOs )

� Free of Charge

�WIPO Japan FIT for Africa & LDC

� Established in 2008

� 1.1 million CHF voluntary contribution per annum

� Examples of Activities for Africa

• About 10 seminars in a year on various themes

• Fellowships for Masters Degree in Intellectual Property (MIP)

• Supports for IP Offices digitization and TISCs activities

• Invitation to training programs in Tokyo, Japan

� For registration: PA0868@jpo.go.jp

JPOJPO

IPOs JPO

J-E machine

translation

Support Activities by JPO

2222

Thank you.Thank you.