The Human MachineThe Human Machine

Part 3: Part 3:

Muscular TissuesMuscular Tissues

-Describe and explain that the complex set of systems -Describe and explain that the complex set of systems found in multicellular organisms are made up of different found in multicellular organisms are made up of different kinds of tissues and organs which are, in turn, composed of kinds of tissues and organs which are, in turn, composed of differentiated cellsdifferentiated cells-Select several body systems and explain the role of cells, -Select several body systems and explain the role of cells, tissues, and organs in the systems selected that effectively tissues, and organs in the systems selected that effectively carry out a vital function for the organism, such as:Obtaining carry out a vital function for the organism, such as:Obtaining food and providing energy, Defense, Reproduction, Waste food and providing energy, Defense, Reproduction, Waste Removal, BreathingRemoval, Breathing

VSC Content Standard:VSC Content Standard: Recognize and explain Recognize and explain that human beings, like that human beings, like other organisms have other organisms have complex body systems complex body systems of cells,tissues, and of cells,tissues, and organs that interact to organs that interact to support an organisms support an organisms growth and survival.growth and survival.

Objectives:Objectives:

Students Will:Students Will: Compare and contrast the three types of Compare and contrast the three types of

muscle tissue.muscle tissue.

Vocab.Vocab.

Homework:Homework:

Lesson Question:Lesson Question:

Compare a human skeletal and muscular Compare a human skeletal and muscular systems to those of a bird. How does the systems to those of a bird. How does the bone structure differ? Are there any bone structure differ? Are there any similarities? Be sure to give specific similarities? Be sure to give specific examples based on our examples based on our class investigations.class investigations.

Engage your thinking:Engage your thinking:Look at the pictures and Look at the pictures and consider the following:consider the following:

– What type of tissue are these What type of tissue are these structures made of?structures made of?

– Do they have different functions?Do they have different functions?– Which organ systems are they a Which organ systems are they a

part of?part of?– Which part of the brain sends Which part of the brain sends

messages to each structure?messages to each structure?– Do you think that the cells Do you think that the cells

making up these structures making up these structures would be different?would be different?

http://www.irishhealth.com/?level=4&id=1923

CalfCalf

HeartHeart

http://www.hughston.com/hha/b.ten6.jpg

Engage your thinking:Engage your thinking:Check your answers:Check your answers:

– The calf and heart are both made of The calf and heart are both made of muscle tissue.muscle tissue.

– The calf muscle supports your body The calf muscle supports your body in your lower leg and your hart in your lower leg and your hart pumps blood through your body.pumps blood through your body.

– The cerebrum would send a The cerebrum would send a message to your calf muscle for message to your calf muscle for movement (voluntary) and your movement (voluntary) and your brainstem would control your brainstem would control your heartbeat (involuntary).heartbeat (involuntary).

– Since the jobs are different, then Since the jobs are different, then they would be made up of they would be made up of specialized cells that are slightly specialized cells that are slightly different.different.

http://www.irishhealth.com/?level=4&id=1923

CalfCalf

HeartHeart

http://www.hughston.com/hha/b.ten6.jpg

Explore…Explore…How are muscles different?How are muscles different?

We know that muscles move your body but We know that muscles move your body but are there different kinds of muscles? Use the are there different kinds of muscles? Use the website below and your text (pp.51-53) to website below and your text (pp.51-53) to complete the graphic organizer:complete the graphic organizer:

1. What are the three types of muscle?1. What are the three types of muscle?

http://training.seer.cancer.gov/module_anatomy/unit4_3_muscle_types.html

Exploring Muscle TypesExploring Muscle Types

1. The 1. The main functionmain function of muscle tissue is to of muscle tissue is to create create movementmovement

2. Muscles 2. Muscles contractcontract, or shorten, to create this , or shorten, to create this movementmovement

3. Muscles only pull or squeeze! They cannot 3. Muscles only pull or squeeze! They cannot push.push.

4. Three Different Types of muscle are found in 4. Three Different Types of muscle are found in the body.the body.

Skeletal MuscleSkeletal Muscle

Image taken from:Image taken from:http://medic.med.uth.tmc.edu/edprog/histolog/muscle/hist-05.htmhttp://medic.med.uth.tmc.edu/edprog/histolog/muscle/hist-05.htm

Skeletal Muscle

1. Attached to the bones by tendons1. Attached to the bones by tendons

2. Pulls on the bone to move the joint2. Pulls on the bone to move the joint

3. Skeletal muscles work in pairs – one works 3. Skeletal muscles work in pairs – one works while the other relaxes. This allows the while the other relaxes. This allows the muscle to “reset” after each pullmuscle to “reset” after each pull

4. Called 4. Called striated musclestriated muscle because of stripes or because of stripes or lines that appear on the muscle tissuelines that appear on the muscle tissue

Smooth MuscleSmooth Muscle

Image taken from:Image taken from:http://medic.med.uth.tmc.edu/edprog/histolog/muscle/hist-05.htmhttp://medic.med.uth.tmc.edu/edprog/histolog/muscle/hist-05.htm

Smooth MuscleSmooth Muscle

1. Found in internal organs like the digestive 1. Found in internal organs like the digestive organs (stomach) and in blood vessels.organs (stomach) and in blood vessels.

2. Smooth muscle works involuntarily, or 2. Smooth muscle works involuntarily, or without thoughtwithout thought

3. Has no striations – it’s smooth!3. Has no striations – it’s smooth!

Cardiac MuscleCardiac Muscle

Image taken from:Image taken from:http://medic.med.uth.tmc.edu/edprog/histolog/muscle/hist-05.htmhttp://medic.med.uth.tmc.edu/edprog/histolog/muscle/hist-05.htm

Cardiac MuscleCardiac Muscle

1. Found in the heart1. Found in the heart

2. Looks like skeletal muscle but acts like smooth 2. Looks like skeletal muscle but acts like smooth musclemuscle

3. Involuntary – your heart beats on its own 3. Involuntary – your heart beats on its own without you thinking about it!without you thinking about it!

4. Considered the “Strongest” muscle because it 4. Considered the “Strongest” muscle because it works all the time without a major restworks all the time without a major rest

Explain your materialExplain your material

Copy the graphic organizer on the next page in Copy the graphic organizer on the next page in order to explain what you have learned about order to explain what you have learned about muscle types.muscle types.

Muscles and Skin

can be

include include

Muscles

Voluntary muscles

Involuntary muscles

Skeletal muscles

Cardiac muscles

Smooth muscles

Taken From Prentice Hall Resource Pro CD ROM

MUSCLESMUSCLES

Extension

Use the link below to locate the following muscles in the human body and identify where they can be found:

http://www.innerbody.com/htm/body.html

BACK VIEW FRONT VIEW Gluteus Maximus Pecoralis Major Trapezius Orbicularis Oris Occipitalis Rectus Abdominis Deltoid Rectus Femoris

Evaluate Part 1Evaluate Part 1

Self-EvaluationSelf-Evaluation Complete the following questions to evaluate Complete the following questions to evaluate

what you have learned!what you have learned!

Question 1Question 1

How many kinds of How many kinds of muscle tissue are muscle tissue are there?there?

A. TwoA. Two B. ThreeB. Three C. FourC. Four D. FiveD. Five

Question 2Question 2

Which muscle tissue Which muscle tissue movesmoves food through food through the digestive the digestive system?system?

A. CardiacA. Cardiac B. SkeletalB. Skeletal C. SmoothC. Smooth D. There are no D. There are no

muscles in the Organsmuscles in the Organs

AnswersAnswers

Question 1Question 1

B.B. There are 3 types of There are 3 types of muscle in the human muscle in the human body – Skeletal, Smooth, body – Skeletal, Smooth, and Cardiac.and Cardiac.

Question 2Question 2

C.C. Smooth muscle is Smooth muscle is responsible for pushing responsible for pushing food through the food through the digestive system.digestive system.

Evaluate Part 2Evaluate Part 2

Use the knowledge you have gained from Use the knowledge you have gained from the labs and class activities to explain how the labs and class activities to explain how the muscular system and skeletal system the muscular system and skeletal system work together to move your bones. Be sure work together to move your bones. Be sure to HIGHLIGHT the following terms in your to HIGHLIGHT the following terms in your response:response:

bones, muscles, tendons, contract, pairsbones, muscles, tendons, contract, pairs

Evaluate Part 2Evaluate Part 2

If an athlete has injured the tissue that If an athlete has injured the tissue that connects the tibia to the femur, what type of connects the tibia to the femur, what type of connective tissue has been injured?connective tissue has been injured?

If the same athlete has injured the tissue If the same athlete has injured the tissue that connects the biceps to the humerus, that connects the biceps to the humerus, what type of connective tissue has been what type of connective tissue has been injured?injured?

Check your answers:Check your answers:

LigamentsLigaments connect bones to other bones. connect bones to other bones.

TendonsTendons connect muscles to bones. connect muscles to bones.

Evaluate yourself:Evaluate yourself:

Can youCan you:

Compare and contrast the three types of Compare and contrast the three types of muscle tissue?muscle tissue?

HomeworkHomework

Complete Part 3 in your packet.Complete Part 3 in your packet.