The High-Tech Industrial and Occupational Cluster · Nationally STEM Core high-tech occupations...

National and State Comparisons

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EXPLORING

THE HIGH-TECH INDUSTRY

TAXONOMY USING LED

LED Conference – Washington DC – September 2014

Spring 2014

STEM-Driven High-Tech IndustryTaxonomy

The High-Tech Industrial and OccupationalCluster - National and State Comparisons

Pacific Northwest High TechnologyTaxonomy Comparison

How to Create a State-SpecificHigh Technology Industry Taxonomy

Exploring theHigh-Tech Industry

Bob Uhlenkott – Idaho – Study Group Chair Rebecca Rust – Florida – WIC State Co-Chair Gary Crossley – WIC Executive Director Dalton Terrell – Bureau of Labor Statistics Andrew Townsend – Idaho – Project Lead Jil l Cuyler – Oregon Alex Roubinchtein – Washington Tonya Lee – Alabama Bill Anderson – Nevada Leanndra Copeland – Nevada Nelse Grundvig – Wisconsin Bruce Demay – New Hampshire Dave Bieneman – Ill inois

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WIC STUDY COMMITTEE

WHY – Develop a national standard/definition/taxonomy High-tech spans across several NAICS sectors and to date does not have

its own independent codes Develop a standard for cross state comparisons Industry rather than occupational taxonomies allow for the use of other

economic and business metrics such as economic impact measurements HOW – Develop a high-tech definition based on research and

statistics Learn from previous research efforts Develop a formal, research based, robust methodology

WHAT – Use industry coded data sets to make objective cross-geography comparisons Identify the geographies with the most and least heavy concentrations

of high tech and study the demographics, trends and economic characteristics associated with these sectors

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WHY, HOW AND WHAT?

Four major components in the high-tech suite; Developing a standardized statistically based high-tech

taxonomy Providing employment and wage comparisons at the

national and state levels Study independent high-tech taxonomies in the Pacific

Northwest Do-It-Yourself guide for your state or geography

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2013/2014 CHARTER

Dan Hecker, BLS - approach analyzed at three tiers or levels (I - II – III) STEM High-Tech chose only to use one

single tier in order to maintain simplicity and structure

--------------------------------------------------------- STEM Core resulted in a level between tier

1 and II using Hecker’s approach

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COMPARISONS

From STEM sub-domains, 1 and 4. Science, Engineering, Mathematics, and Information

Technology Domain 1 - Life and Physical Science, Engineering, Mathematics

and Information Technology Occupations - STEM Core 2 - Social Science Occupations 3 - Architecture Occupations 4 - Health Occupations - STEM Health Care

Measure the concentrations of these occupations are in

industry and use that data to define the high-tech industry cluster

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HOW - DEFINITIONS OF HIGH-TECH OCCUPATIONS

Includes a total of 46 NAICS 4-digit industries categories 33 in STEM CORE category 13 in STEM Health Care category

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2014 HIGH TECH TAXONOMY

Taxonomy Development (HOW) Used the national Occupational Employment Statistics

Industry-Occupation Matrix or Inverse Staffing Pattern counts to study the concentration levels of STEM occupations within industry – Dalton Terrell, BLS

Taxonomy Analyses (WHAT) Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages and

Employment Projections & Occupational Employment Statistics from the Bureau of Labor Statistics

Quarterly Workforce Indicators from the US Census Bureau were used to study State comparisons across the nation

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DATA SETS

STEM Core, STEM Health Care

Percent of High-Tech Employment

Relative Earnings per Worker

Earnings per Worker

2002-2012 Change in Relative High-

Tech Employment Employment by Gender

2002-2012 Change in High-Tech Employment

Employment by Age

Percent of the State’s Total Employment

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OUTLINES (CONT’D) - STATES COMPARISON -

In 2012, STEM Core industry employment: Made up a little over 8 percent of the U.S. total covered

employment, at almost 11 million workers

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STEM CORE INDUSTRIES - EMPLOYMENT -

Industries with more employment also had higher total wages

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STEM CORE INDUSTRIES - TOTAL EARNINGS -

Electrical equipment manufacturing ranked at the bottom. But its $65,098 average wage was more than 32 percent higher than the national average covered wage.

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STEM CORE INDUSTRIES - EARNINGS PER WORKER BY INDUSTRY -

In 2012, STEM Health Care industries had over 40 percent more jobs at 15.8 million workers

Compared to employment and total earnings, the rankings for earnings per worker change considerably.

Six STEM Health Care industries had per worker earnings below the national average

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STEM HEALTH CARE INDUSTRIES

Nationally STEM Core high-tech occupations included 8.4 million jobs, about 2.6 million fewer than the STEM Core industries employed.

STEM Core high-tech occupations are projected to add a little over 1 million jobs by 2022, a 13 percent increase compared to the 11 percent increase, or 15.6 million jobs, for all occupations.

A total of 97 occupations categories are included in the STEM Core category.

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STEM CORE OCCUPATIONS

In 2012, the top four STEM Core occupations by employment involve computers, the stereotype of high-tech.

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STEM CORE OCCUPATIONS - EMPLOYMENT -

Not all STEM Core occupations are projecting growth. Of the 97 occupation categories, four occupations are expected to decline, and two more should remain flat.

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STEM CORE OCCUPATIONS - 2012-2022 PROJECTED EMPLOYMENT -

Forty-three STEM Core occupations are projected to have a higher growth rate than all occupations

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STEM CORE OCCUPATIONS - 2012-2022 PROJECTED EMPLOYMENT -

The majority of STEM Core occupations have wages that significantly exceed the national average.

Ten occupations led by petroleum engineers had annual median wages above $100,000. Engineering occupations made up five of the top 10 STEM Core occupations by median wage.

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STEM CORE OCCUPATIONS - ANNUAL MEDIAN WAGE -

Occupation Median Rank Occupation Median Rank

Petroleum Engineers $130,280 1 Nuclear Engineers $104,270 6

Architectural and Engineering Managers $124,870

2 Aerospace Engineers $103,720

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Computer and Information Systems Managers $120,950

3 Computer and Information Research Scientists $102,190

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Natural Sciences Managers $115,730 4

Mathematicians $101,360 9

Physicists $106,840 5 Computer Hardware Engineers $100,920 10

Only two – agriculture and food science technicians and forest and conservation technicians – had annual median wages lower than the national median of $34,750 for all occupations.

The Bottom 10 STEM Core occupations by median wage:

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STEM CORE OCCUPATIONS - ANNUAL MEDIAN WAGE (CONT’D) -


Computer User Support Specialists $46,420 88 Environmental Science and Protection

Technicians, Including Health $41,240 93

Drafters, All Other $46,110 89 Biological Technicians $39,750 94

Environmental Engineering Technicians $45,350 90 Surveying and Mapping Technicians $39,670 95

Life, Physical, and Social Science Technicians, All Other $43,130 91 Agricultural and Food Science

Technicians $34,070 96

Chemical Technicians $42,920 92 Forest and Conservation Technicians $33,920 97

An estimated 6.6 million STEM Core occupational jobs – 78 percent – have a typical entry-level education requirement of no less than a bachelor ’s degree.

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STEM CORE OCCUPATIONS - EMPLOYMENT BY EDUCATION LEVEL -

STEM Health Care occupations covered 8.6 million jobs in the United States, just over half the number employed by STEM Health Care industries.

The difference between the occupation and industry totals is greater in the STEM Health Care category because of the much larger number of supporting occupations that are not high-tech.

By 2022 the Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates an additional 1.9 million STEM Health Care occupation jobs, a 22 percent increase that is double the all-occupation growth rate.

A total of 64 occupation categories are included in the STEM Health Care category.

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STEM HEALTH CARE OCCUPATIONS

Registered nurses, at 2.7 million jobs in 2012, accounted for 31.4 percent of all STEM Health Care occupational employment.

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STEM HEALTH CARE OCCUPATIONS - EMPLOYMENT -

Unlike STEM Core occupations, which had a few professions projecting declines or flat growth into 2022, all STEM Health Care occupations will increase.

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STEM HEALTH CARE OCCUPATIONS - 2012-2022 PROJECTED EMPLOYMENT -

Fifty-eight of the 64 occupations included in STEM Health Care are projected to grow faster than the all-occupation rate of 11 percent.

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STEM HEALTH CARE OCCUPATIONS - 2012-2022 PROJECTED EMPLOYMENT -

Seven professions had median wages of over $187,999 – the highest number the Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes.

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STEM HEALTH CARE OCCUPATIONS - ANNUAL MEDIAN WAGE -


Physicians and Surgeons, All Other >$187,199 1 Orthodontists >$187,199 1

Internists, General >$187,199 1 Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons >$187,199 1

Surgeons >$187,199 1 Psychiatrists $173,330 8

Anesthesiologists >$187,199 1 Family and General Practitioners $172,020 9

Obstetricians and Gynecologists >$187,199 1 Prosthodontists $169,130 10

Eight STEM Health Care occupations had median wages below the all occupation median of $34,750

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STEM HEALTH CARE OCCUPATIONS - ANNUAL MEDIAN WAGE (CONT’D) -


Health Technologists and Technicians, All Other $40,700 55 Emergency Medical Technicians and

Paramedics $31,020 60

Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians $37,240 56 Veterinary Technologists and

Technicians $30,290 61

Ophthalmic Medical Technicians $34,240 57 Psychiatric Technicians $30,050 62

Medical Records and Health Information Technicians $34,160 58 Pharmacy Technicians $29,320 63

Opticians, Dispensing $33,330 59 Dietetic Technicians $26,260 64

Ninety-four percent of STEM Health Care occupations require a degree or postsecondary award while 27 percent typically required a master ’s degree or higher. Only about 4 percent of all occupations require a master ’s degree or higher.

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STEM HEALTH CARE OCCUPATIONS - EMPLOYMENT BY EDUCATION LEVEL -

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STATE/NATIONAL COMPARISONS QCEW VS. CENSUS/LOCAL EMPLOYMENT DYNAMICS

CONFIDENTIALITY Allows for cross-state comparisons of sub II-digit

NAICS industries. Data is “fuzzed” yet is derived from real or actual

original data sets. Other vendors estimate confidential cells using a variety of statistical methods and models. QWIs come from actual data from sub-industry and sub-geographic levels.

Our own departments tax/employment files can’t be used due confidentiality.

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LED-QUARTERLY WORKFORCE INDICATORS

BYPRODUCTS

By using LED employment data for cross-state

comparisons additional elements are available. Demographics- Age and Gender which are not readily

available from other traditional economic and business sources.

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LED-QUARTERLY WORKFORCE INDICATORS

The populous states of California, Texas, New York, Florida and Pennsylvania made up the largest portion of STEM Health Care employment.

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STEM HEALTH CARE STATE COMPARISON - PERCENT OF STEM HEALTH CARE EMPLOYMENT -

The range among the states in employment concentration of STEM Health Care industries was not as great, running from Nevada at 8.3 percent to West Virginia at 15.5 percent.

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STEM HEALTH CARE STATE COMPARISON - PERCENT OF THE STATE’S TOTAL EMPLOYMENT -

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STEM HEALTH CARE STATE COMPARISON -2002-2012 CHANGE IN HEALTH CARE EMPLOYMENT -

• Every state recorded increases in STEM Health Care employment. Their average growth was almost 25 percent compared to the overall decline in STEM Core industries.

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STEM HEALTH CARE STATE COMPARISON - 2002-2012 CHANGE IN RELATIVE HEALTH CARE

EMPLOYMENT -

• The STEM Health Care concentration increased an average of 14 percent between 2002 and 2012. The only state where STEM Health Care industry employment concentration declined was North Dakota.

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STEM HEALTH CARE STATE COMPARISON - EARNINGS PER WORKER -

• STEM Health Care industry earnings were not as strong as STEM Core, although in the majority of states they were higher than the all-industry average.

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STEM HEALTH CARE STATE COMPARISON - RELATIVE EARNINGS PER WORKER -

• Six states had STEM Health Care earnings below their average for all industries. Those state all were in the top 10 for highest average earnings per worker for all industries.

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STEM HEALTH CARE STATE COMPARISON - GENDER -

• The gender of workers in STEM Health Care industries was greatly skewed toward women.

• Utah and the District of Columbia employed the most men, but only at 29 percent of their STEM Health Care totals.

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STEM HEALTH CARE STATE COMPARISON - AGE -

• The STEM Health Care industries had noticeably lower employment under 25 at 9.2 percent. This underscored the requirements for postsecondary education.

• Only one state, Utah, had more than 60 percent of its STEM Health Care workforce in the under 45 age group.

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STEM CORE STATE COMPARISON - PERCENT OF STEM CORE EMPLOYMENT -

• Share of total STEM Core employment generally follows total population. California had the lion’s share of STEM Core employment at almost 15 percent.

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TOTAL SIZE - VISUAL OF ALL 50

District of C olumbia0.7%

New Hampshire0.5%

S outh C arolina1.2%

North C arolina2.9%

S outh Dakota0.2%

P ennsylvania4.0%

R hode Island0.3%

North Dakota0.2%

West Virginia0.4%

New Mexico0.7%

Washington3.4%

New J ersey3.4%

Tennessee1.5%

Mississippi0.5%

Minnesota1.9%

Oklahoma1.0%

Wisconsin1.7%

New York5.7%

Nebraska0.5%

Louisiana1.1%

C alifornia14.9%

Arkansas0.6%

Wyoming0.2%

Kentucky0.9%

C olorado2.5%

Michigan2.7%

Alabama1.3%

Montana0.2%

Missouri1.5%

G eorgia3.0%

Nevada0.4%

Arizona2.0%

Oregon1.2%

Kansas1.2% Virginia

4.1%

Indiana1.7%

Florida4.9%

Texas10.0%

Illinois4.2%

Maine0.3%

Idaho0.4%

Ohio3.3%

Iowa0.7%

Utah1.1%

0.2% 14.9%

Alaska0.2%

Hawaii0.2%

S tate A verage = 2.0%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Quarterly Workforce Indicators*No Data: Massachuse s

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STEM CORE STATE COMPARISON - PERCENT OF THE STATE’S TOTAL EMPLOYMENT -

• Sixteen states had more than the average concentration of STEM Core employment of 8.4 percent.

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BY SHARE - VISUAL OF ALL 50


New Hampshire9.2%


North C arolina7.9%

S outh Dakota4.8%

P ennsylvania7.7%

R hode Island6.5%

North Dakota5.6%

West Virginia5.8%

New Mexico9.7%

Washington12.8%

New J ersey9.8%

Tennessee5.9%

Mississippi4.8%

Minnesota7.7%

Oklahoma7.0%

Wisconsin6.8%

New York7.0%

Nebraska6.2%

Louisiana6.6%

C alifornia10.8%

Arkansas5.3%

Wyoming6.6%

Kentucky5.6%

C olorado11.9%

Michigan7.4%

Alabama7.6%

Montana5.5%

Missouri6.2%

G eorgia8.6%

Nevada4.0%

Arizona9.1%

Oregon7.5%

Kansas9.7% Virginia

12.7%

Indiana6.5%

Florida7.1%

Texas10.0%

Illinois8.0%

Maine4.9%

Idaho7.4%

Ohio7.0%

Iowa5.4%

Utah9.6%

4.0% 14.1%

Alaska7.4%

Hawaii5.0%


Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Quarterly Workforce Indicators*No Data: Massachuse s

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STEM CORE STATE COMPARISON - 2002-2012 CHANGE IN STEM CORE EMPLOYMENT -

• STEM Core industries employment on average dropped 0.3 percent between 2002 and 2012

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TOTAL GROWTH - VISUAL OF ALL 50


North C arolina4.8%

S outh Dakota12.5%

P ennsylvania-5.7%

R hode Island-3.8%

North Dakota40.3%

West Virginia-7.9%

New Mexico3.7%

Washington17.9%

New J ersey-11.9%

Tennessee-5.1%

Minnesota-3.5%

Oklahoma8.6%

Wisconsin1.8%

New York2.1%

Nebraska-2.6%

Louisiana2.2%

Delaware-21.1%

C alifornia-1.6%

Wyoming18.8%

Kentucky0.7%

C olorado-2.0%

Michigan-12.9%

Alabama-1.3%

Montana15.5%

Vermont-7.7%

Missouri-6.2%

G eorgia-7.8%

Nevada-5.9%

Oregon1.4%

Kansas-13.6% Virginia

14.4%

Indiana-4.4%

Maine-11.1%

Florida-1.1%

Iowa10.7%

Utah29.0%

Illinois-9.6%

Texas9.6%

Ohio-7.2%

Idaho-6.4%

Alaska30.5%

-21.1% 40.3%

Hawaii9.9%

S tate A verage = .30%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Quarterly Workforce Indicators*California, Louisiana, and New Mexico: Q4 2012 data were unavailable. Q4 2011data were subs tuted.**No Data: Arizona, Arkansas, Massachuse s, Mississippi, and New Hampshire

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STEM CORE STATE COMPARISON - 2002-2012 CHANGE IN RELATIVE STEM CORE

EMPLOYMENT -

• On average, STEM Core industries made up 2.6 percent less of the states’ total employment in 2012 than they did in 2002.

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SHARE GROWTH - VISUAL OF ALL 50


North C arolina1.1%

S outh Dakota2.5%

P ennsylvania-6.1%

R hode Island1.5%

North Dakota5.6%

West Virginia-11.3%

New Mexico-1.4%

Washington7.9%

New J ersey-10.0%

Tennessee-6.4%

Minnesota-6.4%

Oklahoma1.9%

Wisconsin2.1%

New York-0.5%

Nebraska-7.5%

Louisiana1.2%

Delaware-22.9%

C alifornia-1.6%

Wyoming2.4%

Kentucky-1.8%

C olorado-6.7%

Michigan-2.7%

Alabama-0.6%

Montana4.6%

Vermont-7.6%

Missouri-5.3%

G eorgia-8.3%

Nevada-12.5%

Oregon-2.0%

Kansas-14.2% Virginia

8.8%

Indiana-3.7%

Idaho-13.0%

Florida-2.7%

Utah12.0%

Illinois-7.4%

Texas-4.9%

Maine-9.7%

Ohio-1.7%

Iowa5.6%

Hawaii1.3%

-22.9% 13.4%

Alaska13.4%

S tate A verage = -2.6%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Quarterly Workforce IndicatorsNo Data: Arizona, Arkansas, Massachuse s, Mississippi, and NewHampshire

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STEM CORE STATE COMPARISON (5) - EARNINGS PER WORKER -

• The average earnings per worker in STEM Core industries in 2012 were over $92,000. Eight states did even better, coming in at more than $100,000 per worker.

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TOTAL EARNINGS - VISUAL OF ALL 50

District of C olumbia$111,212

New Hampshire$88,498

S outh C arolina$70,337

North C arolina$85,270

S outh Dakota$57,368

P ennsylvania$83,504

R hode Island$74,025

North Dakota$75,750

West Virginia$69,760

New Mexico$78,558

Washington$107,202

New J ersey$106,612

Tennessee$74,175

Mississippi$63,780

Minnesota$84,371

Oklahoma$79,773

Wisconsin$70,926

New York$97,397

Nebraska$69,204

Louisiana$82,945

C alifornia$114,542

Arkansas$62,155

Texas$102,804

Wyoming$78,598

Kentucky$64,657

C olorado$93,662

Michigan$81,469

Alabama$73,099

Montana$70,868

Missouri$74,811

Illinois$92,183

Idaho$71,424

Ohio$73,563

Oregon$87,865

G eorgia$86,767

Florida$76,778

Arizona$87,940

Nevada$75,933 Kansas

$72,845

Iowa$68,348

Maine$65,228

Indiana$75,763Utah

$72,276

Massachusetts

$57,368 $114,542

Alaska$100,265

Hawaii$77,539

S ta te A v era ge = $92,233

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Quarterly Workforce Indicators*California, Louisiana, and New Mexico: Q4 2012 data were unavailable, so Q42011 data were subs tuted.**No data: Massachuse s

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STEM CORE STATE COMPARISON - RELATIVE EARNINGS PER WORKER -

• STEM Core industry average earnings were always higher than the all-industry averages.

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EARNINGS SHARE - VISUAL OF ALL 50


New Hampshire185.6%


North C arolina191.9%

S outh Dakota157.5%

P ennsylvania178.9%

R hode Island163.1%

North Dakota160.7%

West Virginia176.7%

New Mexico192.4%

Washington205.4%

New J ersey181.2%

Tennessee167.0%

Mississippi175.4%

Minnesota168.2%

Oklahoma189.7%

Wisconsin167.7%

New York152.3%

Nebraska176.2%

Louisiana184.6%

C alifornia205.4%

Arkansas162.0%

Wyoming174.1%

Kentucky157.5%

C olorado187.6%

Michigan172.3%

Alabama183.6%

Montana191.4%

Missouri179.6%

G eorgia185.7%

Nevada172.8%

Maine171.8%

Illinois176.1%

Idaho196.1%

Ohio165.7%

Oregon198.4%

Florida176.2%

Arizona190.9%

Texas199.0%

Virginia197.1%

Kansas178.8%

Iowa167.9%

Indiana182.2%Utah

173.0%

140.5% 205.4%

Alaska201.2%

Hawaii185.1%



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STEM CORE STATE COMPARISON - GENDER -

• The majority of workers in STEM Core industries were male, averaging 65.8 percent. No state has a majority of female workers, but the District of Columbia was the closest at 43.4 percent.

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HT GENDER - VISUAL OF ALL 50


New Hampshire66.3%



S outh Dakota65.5%

P ennsylvania65.4%

R hode Island62.7%

North Dakota70.0%

West Virginia71.9%

New Mexico68.0%

Washington68.7%

New J ersey62.9%

Tennessee65.9%

Mississippi67.3%

Minnesota64.6%

Oklahoma66.8%

Wisconsin65.6%

New York63.3%

Nebraska65.0%

Louisiana73.1%

C alifornia65.2%

Arkansas68.0%

Wyoming75.1%

Kentucky65.3%

C olorado67.2%

Michigan66.6%

Alabama68.6%

Montana67.6%

Missouri63.3%

G eorgia64.3%

Nevada66.4%

Arizona67.8%

Oregon68.5%

Kansas68.8% Virginia

65.5%

Indiana65.5%

Florida64.0%

Maine65.0%

Illinois64.1%

Idaho69.1%

Ohio66.7%

Texas68.2%

Iowa65.3%

Utah71.3%

56.6% 75.1%

Alaska69.3%

Hawaii65.3%



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STEM CORE STATE COMPARISON - AGE -

• Workers in STEM Core industries were slightly more concentrated in the middle age groups than for all industries.

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HIGH TECH - AGE COHORTS VISUAL OF ALL 50 STATES


New Hampshire52.4%



S outh Dakota41.5%

P ennsylvania45.7%

R hode Island44.4%

North Dakota37.4%

West Virginia47.8%

New Mexico48.2%

Washington42.1%

New J ersey45.6%

Tennessee44.9%

Mississippi43.8%

Minnesota44.7%

Oklahoma43.0%

Wisconsin43.5%

New York41.5%

Nebraska43.9%

Louisiana44.7%

C alifornia41.3%

Arkansas42.6%

Wyoming46.6%

Kentucky41.6%

C olorado46.0%

Michigan44.8%

Alabama46.6%

Montana43.1%

Missouri42.6%

G eorgia43.3%

Nevada43.7%

Arizona45.3%

Oregon42.7%

Kansas46.6% Virginia

41.5%

Indiana46.0%

Florida45.2%

Maine48.1%

Illinois42.0%

Idaho43.9%

Ohio46.1%

Texas42.2%

Iowa44.1%

Utah34.4%

32.1% 52.4%

Alaska45.4%

Hawaii43.6%



Test stability

Update data and re-evaluate state/national comparisons

Focus on economic impact

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NEXT STEPS

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THANK YOU

The High-Tech Industrial and Occupational Cluster · Nationally STEM Core high-tech occupations...

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Transcript of The High-Tech Industrial and Occupational Cluster · Nationally STEM Core high-tech occupations...