The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.
-
Upload
silvia-golden -
Category
Documents
-
view
219 -
download
4
Transcript of The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.
![Page 1: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The High Intensity Frontier
Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa
7 Nov, 2005
![Page 2: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Historically, many fundamental discoveries and Historically, many fundamental discoveries and measurements have come from accelerators measurements have come from accelerators which were not the highest which were not the highest energy machineenergy machine available at the time:available at the time:
• weak neutral currents at the CERN PS
• J/ at the AGS (Brookhaven)
• limits on the lepton-number conservation
• most of the parameters of CP violation
• etc.
![Page 5: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Cu
rre
nt
(A
)
BEAM ENERGY, BEAM CURENT, AND BEAM BEAM ENERGY, BEAM CURENT, AND BEAM POWER OF WORLD’S PROTON MACHINESPOWER OF WORLD’S PROTON MACHINES
JHFJHF
JHFJHF
HIPSHIPS
![Page 6: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
BEAM FLUXES: ORDERS OF MAGNITUDEBEAM FLUXES: ORDERS OF MAGNITUDE
PHYTHIA: E = 30 GeV, I = 80 A
![Page 7: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Required Fluxes
![Page 13: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
SUSY connection between Dμ , μ → e (LFV)
![Page 14: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
∼∼∼∼ ∼∼∼∼
χχ∼∼
In Supersymmetry (similar examples in other BSMs): In Supersymmetry (similar examples in other BSMs):
∝ f(Δmq2, λa ), a≥1∝ f(Δm
q2, λa ), a≥1∼∼
Sensitive to whether GIM suppression operates in the scalar quark sector: tests of scalar quark mixings and mass differences
Sensitive to whether GIM suppression operates in the scalar quark sector: tests of scalar quark mixings and mass differences
∝ C mt2 λ5 , C=complex, λ=sinθ
c∝ C m
t2 λ5 , C=complex, λ=sinθ
c
GIM suppression of light-quark contributions, dominated by high mass scales
GIM suppression of light-quark contributions, dominated by high mass scales
In the SM: In the SM:
Why study Rare Kaon Decays
![Page 15: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
is a crucial element in the exploration of the new physics discovered at the LHC.
Accuracies at the level of 10% would already provide precious quantitative information
K+ → π+ ν νK+ → π+ ν ν K0
L → π0 ν νK0L → π0 ν ν
K0L → π0 e+ e−K0L → π0 e+ e− K0
L → π0 μ+ μ−K0L → π0 μ+ μ−
A measurement of the 4 decay modes
![Page 16: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
HIF for QCD Physics
![Page 17: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Objects of Interest
Mesons/Baryons
Molecules/Multiquarks
Hybrids
Glueballs
+ Effects due to the complicated QCD vacuum
Quark AntiQuark
![Page 18: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
How many isotopes are produced per second?
![Page 19: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Proton Driver Rings
![Page 20: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Design Goals
4-5 MW beam power on target
Very short pulse duration (~1 ns rms)
Very low beam loss (~10-4)
Note: most proton drivers under study are based on
synchrotrons (US, JKJ, UK)
![Page 21: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
European Scenarios
SPL + accumulator and compressor rings
5 GeV, 50 Hz synchrotron-based system
15 GeV, 25 Hz synchrotron-based system
30 GeV, 8 Hz slow cycling synchrotron
8 GeV, 16.67 Hz rapid cycling synchrotron for
ISIS/Fermilab, plus upgrades
![Page 22: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Synchrotron-based Proton Drivers
Low energy linac (~150 MeV)
Booster synchrotrons to accumulate proton beam and perform some acceleration
Main synchrotrons to complete acceleration and compress the bunches.
![Page 23: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Proton Driver Figure of Merit For a given power (4MW), target peak proton power
density ~ 1/(Kinetic energy T x frequency f). F=Tf is a useful figure of merit.
MACHINE T (GeV) f (Hz) FIGURE OF MERIT
CERN SPL+rings 2.2 50 110
RAL RCS Driver I 5.0 50 250
RAL RCS Driver II 15.0 25 375
CERN RCS 30.0 8 240
ISIS II 8.0 50 400
![Page 24: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Proposed rotating tantalum target ring
Targetry
Many difficulties: enormous power density lifetime problemspion capture
Replace target between bunches:Liquid mercury jet or rotating
solid target
Stationary target:
Densham Sievers
![Page 25: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
HIF : Regional Activities
![Page 26: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
![Page 27: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
180 MeV H- Linac
Two 1.2 GeV, 50 Hz Rapid Cycling Synchrotrons
2 bunches of 2.5 1013 protons
4 bunches of 2.5 1013 protons
Two 5 GeV, 25 Hz Rapid Cycling Synchrotrons
Collimation
Injection
Momentum Ramping
RAL 5 GeV Proton Driver
![Page 28: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
![Page 30: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Primary Beams
• 1012/s; 1.5-2 GeV/u; 238U28+
• Factor 100-1000 over present intensity• 2(4)x1013/s 30 GeV protons• 1010/s 238U92+ up to 35 GeV/u • up to 90 GeV protons
Secondary Beams
• Broad range of radioactive beams up to 1.5 - 2 GeV/u• Antiprotons 0 - 30 GeV
• Cooled beams• Rapidly cycling superconducting magnets
Key Technical Features
Storage and Cooler Rings
• Radioactive beams
• e-– A (or Antiproton-A) collider
• 1011 stored and cooled 0.8 - 14.5 GeV antiprotons
• Polarized antiprotons(?)
UNILACSIS
FRS
ESR
SIS 100/300
HESRSuperFRS
NESR
CR
RESR FLAIR
International FAIR Project: Characteristics
![Page 31: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
HIF : International Facilities
![Page 35: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
What at CERN?
![Page 38: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
HIF : in Italy
![Page 41: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
![Page 42: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
A Super-B Factory
![Page 44: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Conclusions
![Page 45: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: The High Intensity Frontier Franco Cervelli INFN-Pisa 7 Nov, 2005.](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062805/5697bfc81a28abf838ca872a/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)