The Growth of Cities

Reasons for Growth

• Location• Industry• Immigration• Technology• Migration

Location

Pittsburgh

• Three Rivers– Manongahelia– Ohio– Aleghaney

• Near Steel Mills

• Near resources for steelIron oreCoal Limestone

Chicago

• Lake Michigan• Railroad Hub

Detroit

• Lake Huron• Lake Erie

SpecializedIndustry

Pittsburgh

• Steel

Chicago

• Meatpacking

Detroit

• Automobile

Immigration• Thousands moved to the United

States from Europe and Asia

• Immigrants moved to industrialized areas (cities) to get jobs in the factories

Technology• Mechanization (the reaper) had

reduced farm labor needs and increased farm production

• Improved city transportation:

– Streetcars, cable cars, trolleys and elevated trains were built

– Streets were paved

– Steel and elevators allowed for building of skyscrapers

Migration• Movement of people from one place to

another within a nation

• Industrialization increased need for workers in cities

• People moved from the farms to the cities to work

The Great Migration African-Americans were moving

from the south to the cities for work in the factories

Rapid Industrialization and Urbanization led to :

• Pollution• Overcrowded immigrant

neighborhoods and tenements• Which in turn led to disease and

health problems• Increased crime• Labor issues including child labor

Settlement Houses

• Hull House in Chicago• Founded by Jane Addams• Provided medical care• Classes in various subjects• Child care• Social Life• A community center atmosphere

• What would you do to help solve the problems of the growing industrial cities of the late 1800s early 1900s? Write a paragraph in your Interactive notebook explaining your ideas.