The Growth of a Young Nation

The Jeffersonian Era

Thomas Jefferson elected president in 1800 (beats opponent & incumbent president, John Adams)

Jeffersonian republicanism–decentralized power; cut spending, taxes

The Louisiana Purchase

Jefferson buys the Louisiana Territory from France in Louisiana Purchase

Louisiana Purchase more than doubles the size of the U.S.

Meriwether Lewis, William Clark lead expedition to Territory in 1804

The Monroe Doctrine

Monroe Doctrine (1823) warns Europe not to interfere in Americas

Manifest Destiny

Manifest destiny–belief that God wants U.S. to extend to Pacific

Santa Fe Trail & Oregon Trail

Settlers and pioneers seek land and opportunity westward

The California Gold Rush

1848, gold discovered at Sutter’s Mill in California

Forty-niners, or gold prospectors, come from East, Mexico, & overseas

The Golden Economy

Gold finances growth of farming, manufacturing, shipping, banking

San Francisco becomes supply center, major port

“Go West, Young Man!”-New York editor Horace Greeley advises youth to go after gold in CA

The Second Great Awakening

1790s-1840s, Second arouses religious feelings

Revival meetings last for days: impassioned preaching, Bible study

Membership in churches rises dramatically

Slavery and AbolitionAbolition Movement: movement to end slavery

William Lloyd Garrison, white abolitionist, publishes The Liberator, demands immediate emancipation

Frederick Douglass, former slave, speaks out against slavery

The North Star, Douglass’ antislavery newspaper

Women and Reform

Women restricted to home and family

Work on abolition, temperance, treatment of mentally ill, prisoners

Women’s Right Movement Emerges

Elizabeth Cady Stanton, call women’s rights convention

1848 Seneca Falls Convention approves declaration of women’s rights

Sojourner Truth speaks for African-American women