The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was...

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The Abolition Movement

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Transcript of The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was...

Page 1: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

The Abolition Movement

The Abolition Movement

Page 2: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early

abolitionists were southerners.

Page 3: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

The first abolitionists were Quakers and free blacks. Quakers believed that all people had the same `spark of

divinity,' making slavery immoral.

Quakers were among the first to free their slaves. Some Quakers traveled the

countryside urging slave-owners to free their slaves.

Page 4: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

In the 1820s, a large anti-slavery movement emerged, supported by southerners and

represented by organizations such as the American Colonization Society.

Page 5: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

While they opposed slavery,

they also believed that blacks and whites could not live together in

harmony. Therefore, while

they urged slaveowners to

free their slaves, they also raised money to pay for

the transportation of free blacks to

West Africa.

Page 6: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

The American Colonization Society supported the colonization movement. They set up a country in

Africa (Liberia) where black people wishing to leave America could go (colonize).

The American Colonization Society supported the colonization movement. They set up a country in

Africa (Liberia) where black people wishing to leave America could go (colonize).

Page 7: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

By 1860, nearly 11,000 blacks had gone to Liberia in West Africa, and helped found and build that country.

But most blacks refused

colonization, insisting that the

U. S. was their home.

Page 8: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

William Lloyd Garrison was one of the most

uncompromising abolitionists of his

day. He was completely unwilling

to compromise on slavery. Slaveowners were evil and should

not receive reimbursement for

slaves freed by legislation. Abolition must be complete,

immediate, and without compensation.

Page 9: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

Garrison didn't care what other social or economic

problems might be caused by immediate

emancipation. His words were so extreme and so harsh that he alienated many people who might

otherwise have supported his cause.

Page 10: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

In the South, Garrison was despised as one who

encouraged slaves to revolt. Copies of his

antislavery newspaper “The Liberator” were banned, and a $5,000 reward was offered to

anyone who would capture Garrison and

bring him to Georgia to stand trial.

Page 11: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

“I am aware that many object to the severity of my language; but is there not cause for severity? I

will be as harsh as truth, and as uncompromising as justice. On this subject I do not wish to think, or speak, or write, with moderation. . . I will not

equivocate – I will not excuse – I will not retreat a single inch – and I WILL BE HEARD!”

-- William Lloyd Garrison

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Page 12: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

Elijah P. Lovejoy was another extreme abolitionist.He wrote articles strongly condemning slavery.

http://www.britannica.com/needmore
Page 13: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

An angry mob broke into his printing office in 1837. They dumped his printing press into the Mississippi

River, burned his office, and murdered him.

Page 14: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

A more successful abolitionist was

Theodore Dwight Weld. He tried to

build a large antislavery

movement by appealing to the consciences of

Midwestern farmers and church groups.

Page 15: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

Weld published a collection of newspaper articles detailing the horrors of slavery under the title,

“American Slavery As It Is.” Weld especially focused on southern accounts, in order to counter

southern claims that slave abuse almost never occurred.

Weld published a collection of newspaper articles detailing the horrors of slavery under the title,

“American Slavery As It Is.” Weld especially focused on southern accounts, in order to counter

southern claims that slave abuse almost never occurred.

Page 16: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

Sarah GrimkeSarah Grimke Angelina GrimkeAngelina Grimke

Weld was married to Angelina Grimke. She and her sister Sarah were from a slaveholding family in

South Carolina, but had been converted to abolition by Quakers. Many conventional Americans were shocked by the idea of two women speaking

out publicly against slavery.

Weld was married to Angelina Grimke. She and her sister Sarah were from a slaveholding family in

South Carolina, but had been converted to abolition by Quakers. Many conventional Americans were shocked by the idea of two women speaking

out publicly against slavery.

Page 17: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

Both women spoke out powerfully against

slavery. Many conventional Americans

were shocked by the idea of two women

speaking out in public.

Page 18: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

In the North, free blacks

could become involved in the

abolition movement. Some black abolitionists

had once been slaves

themselves, and could tell of slavery's

horrors based on personal experience.

Page 19: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

Two leading black abolitionists were Henry Highland Garnett and Frederick Douglass. As rivals

for black abolitionist leadership, they also demonstrated the divisions within the movement.

Page 20: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

Highland Garnett was the more militant of the two, and as early as 1843 was calling for slaves to rise up against their owners and make themselves

free.

Page 21: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

Garnett believed that any violence done by slaves in the act of freeing themselves was justified on the grounds of self

defense. His stated believe was that it was

better to die free than live as

slaves.

Page 22: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

Frederick Douglass was the best orator, in the movement.

He used his talent as a great speaker to

help convince white politicians to end slavery. He had

escaped slavery as a youth, taught

himself to read and write, and published his Autobiography in 1845. He disagreed with Garnett on the role of violence in

abolition, but not on the degradations of

slavery.

Page 23: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

He worked tirelessly with white politicians

and social leaders throughout the

1840s and `50s, and beyond the Civil War.

Until his death in 1895, Douglass

spoke out on behalf of black equality, the

rights of working people, and for the right of women to

vote.

Page 24: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

Black women such as Sojourner Truth and Harriet Tubman also played major roles in the antislavery

movement.

Black women such as Sojourner Truth and Harriet Tubman also played major roles in the antislavery

movement.

Page 25: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

Isabella Baumfree had been born a

slave, and changed her name to

Sojourner Truth when she became free. Although she

was illiterate, Truth stood six feet

tall and was a powerful speaker

(made fiery speeches) who

sometimes in her speeches used songs she had

composed to rouse audiences.

Page 26: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

Harriet Tubman was a runaway slave from

Maryland. She aided the movement by working as a `conductor' on the Underground Railroad, an informal network of abolitionists who hid

runaway slaves fleeing to Canada.

Page 27: The Abolition Movement. Before the early 1830s, slavery was discussed calmly. Since slavery was banned in the North, most of the early abolitionists were.

At the risk of her own freedom and safety, Tubman

returned to slave states nineteen times to guide other blacks to

freedom.


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