The Future of Water Supply in Coastal Perú as Climate ... · The Future of Water Supply in Coastal...
Transcript of The Future of Water Supply in Coastal Perú as Climate ... · The Future of Water Supply in Coastal...
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The Future of Water Supply in Coastal Perú
as Climate Change and Shrinking Glaciers
Diminish Runoff
Daniel N. Leavell
School of Earth Sciences
The Ohio State University
Newark, OH 43055
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Principal Cordilleras of the Andes Mountains in Perú
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Data Source-NSIDC and WGMS
Alpine Glacier Mass Balance
Art-Robert A. Rohde, Globalwarmingart.com
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REDUCCION EN AREA 18 CORDILLERAS
EN 27 AÑOS
REDUCCION EN 21.85 %
2041.85
1595.6
446.248
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1960 1962-70 1980 1990 1997-98
Area Reduccion Km2 446.248
Area Km2 2041.85 1595.6
Fuente: UGRH- INAGGA
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PERU
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Lima from Space
N
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8.8 million population
2% growth rate
9 mm/yr precipitation
Surface water supply
Dry season flow
Río Chillón: 0 m3/s
Río Rímac: 20 m3/s
Río Lurín: 0 m3/s
Lima is a rapidly
growing city,
outgrowing its
resource base
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Atarjea Water Treatment Plant
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Source:
SEDAPAL
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Lima’s Water Supply
Source - SEDAPAL
78 % Surface Water
22 % Ground Water
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Rio Rimac
above Lima at
Chosica
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Rio Montaro
Basin
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Precipitation - Junin Highlands
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Marca II
Marca
III
Marca I
Marca IV
Continental
Divide
Lago
Junin
50 km
Rio Blanca
Rio Santa Eulalia
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Cordillera Central
and
Nevado Sullcon
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www.allthemountains.com
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Yuracmayo
Reservoir 48Mm3
Rio Blanca Tributary to
Rio Rimac
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Marca III
Marca IV
Marca I
Marca II
Lima (100 km)
5 km
Lima’s Water Supply
Enhancements:
Existing and Proposed
www.allthemountains.com
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Marca I, III and IV
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Marca IV - Huascacocha
Completed 2011
78 Mm3 storage
2.8 m3/s supply
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Storage basins
of
Marcapomacocha
235 Mm3 storage
in the Rio Montaro
Headwaters
Transferred by Tunnel
To the Santa Eulalia Basin
77 Mm3 storage
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Marcapomacocha
Transandean Tunnel
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Marca II
Marca
III
Marca I
Marca IV
Continental
Divide
Lago
Junin
50 km
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Disminución de los Caudales Naturales de los Ríos
por el Calentamiento Global
Source- SEDAPAL, 2009
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Marca II and the Cordillera Central
Yuracmayo
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The pressure of population growth, combined with a
decreasing abundance of available water, will become
problematic for the modern civilization of Perú, unless
plans are made today to cope with these changes and
plan for a sustainable future.
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The Rios Rimac and Montaro are marginally adequate to meet
today’s needs for agriculture, industry, power generation and
domestic supply.
Present climate trends suggest that demand for water in both river
basins will exceed supply in the near future.
The Marca IV and Marca II projects will supply a total of 7.2 m3/s
additional volume.
Currently Marca II is on hold and discussions in Perú suggest that
it may be replaced with desalination supply.
Increasingly, Lima and coastal Peru will have to rely on water
from the sea.
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The present contribution of glacial meltwater to the storage
reservoirs may not continue to mid-century.
Prolonged drought could greatly complicate supply.
Lima must address inefficiencies in the distribution system to
prevent waste (~40 %).
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Muchas Gracias
Thank You