THE EXPANSION OF PASTEURIZATION FOR POTABLE AND …...THE EXPANSION OF PASTEURIZATION FOR POTABLE...
Transcript of THE EXPANSION OF PASTEURIZATION FOR POTABLE AND …...THE EXPANSION OF PASTEURIZATION FOR POTABLE...
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GETTING HOTTHE EXPANSION OF PASTEURIZATION FOR
POTABLE AND NON-POTABLE REUSE
Ventura Water ~ Gina Dorrington, Shana Epstein, and John
Willis
Pasteurization Technology Group ~ Greg Ryan
Carollo Engineers ~ Andrew Salveson, Nicola Fontaine
Melbourne Water/VU/ACWRE ~ Judy Blackbeard, Justin
Lewis, Peter Sanciolo, Stephen Grey, Mark O’Donohue,
Simon Cashion
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PasteurizationNot Just For Milk
MOO
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To Succeed In “Clean-Tech” Market One Must…
• Battle Engineering Conservatism and the Copycat Culture
• Have Patience and Time
• Have Financing and Support
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1852 – Napolean III
Funds First
Pasteurization
Research
2014 – Full-Scale
System Online in
Graton CA
2005 – “Title 22”
Research
Completed in
Santa Rosa CA 2011 – ½ MGD
Demonstration
Project Installed
in Ventura CA
1852 2014
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If You Remember Nothing Else…Pasteurization Achieves Both Cost-Effective and Sustainable Wastewater Disinfection Using Waste Heat
• Energy Efficient
• Effective Disinfection to protect public health
• Approved by the State of California’s Department of Public
Health
• Operational for ~2 years at a 0.5 MGD demonstration scale in
Ventura, California
• Installed and operational at full-scale in Graton, California
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Process Based On Reusing Waste Heat
~3 degree differential
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Validated And Approved By RegulatorsFor Stringent Disinfection
Requirements
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Demonstration Project 400 gpmVentura, California
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Demonstration Testing Intended to Find Long Term
Problems• Fouling
• Coliform Compliance
• Virus Disinfection
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System Fouling is Predictable and Reversible
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eate
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ay
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Date (system cleaned on 8/25/12)
Delta P
Cold
(psi)
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System Fouling is Predictable and Reversible
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Dem
o U
nit
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w,
gp
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Date from Cleaning (8/25/12)
Flow
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System Fouling is Predictable and Reversible
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Head
loss T
hro
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h E
nti
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eacto
r,
psi
Hours from Start of Test
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Entire System Delta P Before Cleaning 8/21/2012
Entire System Delta P After Cleaning 8/25/2012
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System Fouling is Predictable and Reversible
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a T
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luen
t Tem
pertu
re M
inu
s I
nfl
eu
nt
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peratu
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Hour
Delta T Before Cleaning 8/21/2012 Delta T After Cleaning 8/25/2012
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Coliform Disinfection is Robust. Little Regrowth is
Seen
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.01 .1 1 5 10 20 30 50 70 80 90 95 99 99.9 99.99
Filtered Effluent
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155F
To
tal C
olif
orm
, M
PN
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0m
L
Percent of Occurrence
Percent of Occurrence
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Virus Disinfection is Substantial
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Vir
us L
og
Red
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on
Temperature, Degrees F
Influent Preheater Performance
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Virus Disinfection is Substantial
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Vir
us L
og
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Stack Heater Performance
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Virus Disinfection is Substantial
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Vir
us L
og
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ucti
on
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Contact Chamber Performance - End of Contactor Sample
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Virus Disinfection is Substantial
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Vir
us L
og
Red
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Effluent Preheater Performance
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Next Steps for Ventura
• Pilot testing of pasteurization as part of a potable
reuse treatment scheme
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Graton California Commissioning Complete (March 2014)
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Pasteurization Demonstration Completed in Melbourne Australia
• Robust bacteria,
virus and protozoa
destruction are the
targets
MOO?
• Victoria Univerity, Melbourne Water, Australian
Water Recycling Centre of Excellence. Carollo,
PTG
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Pasteurization Demonstration Completed in Melbourne Australia
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ACWRE NatVal9 Steps to Recycled Water Heaven
1. Identify the mechanisms of pathogen removal by the treatment process unit.
2. Identify the target pathogens, or appropriate surrogates, that are the subject of the validation study.
3. Identify the influencing factors that affect the efficiacy of the treatment process unit to reduce the target pathogen.
4. Identify the operational monitoring parameters that can be measured and correlated to pathogen reduction.
5. Identify the validation methodology to demonstrate the capability of the treatment process unit.
6. Describe a method to collect and analyze data to formulate evidence-based conclusions.
7. Describe a method to determine the critical limits as well as an operational monitoring and control strategy.
8. Describe a method to determine the LRV for each pathogen group (protozoa, virus, bacteria) in each specific treatment process unit performing within defined critical limits.
9. Provide a means for re-validation or additional onsite validation where proposed modifications are inconsistent with the previous validation test conditions.
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Virus Disinfection Matches Results in California
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Melbourne Water Work Fills Key Data Gap on Protozoa Kill in Wastewater
• For all tests and temperatures,
complete kill of Giardia and
Cryptosporidium was seen.
• >2.5 to >3.8 LRV of Cryptosporidium
at 55 degrees C for 15 seconds
Euromath: 55 degrees C = 131 degrees F
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Melbourne Water Work Fills Key Data Gap on Protozoa Kill in Wastewater
OrganismTotal Log10
inactivationTemp (C) Time (min) Matrix
Cryptosporidium parvum >4 72.4 1 distilled water
Cryptosporidium parvum >3 71.7 0.08 distilled water
Cryptosporidium parvum >3 71.7 0.08 milk
Cryptosporidium parvum >4 64.2 5 distilled water
Cryptosporidium parvum >3 55 0.5 distilled water
Cryptosporidium muris >3 55 0.5 distilled water
Cryptosporidium sp
(chicken)>3 55 0.5 distilled water
Giardia muris 2 60 10 distilled water
Giardia muris >5 54 10 distilled water
Giardia muris 5 50 10 distilled water
Giardia muris 1 50 10 distilled water
Giardia duodenalis 2 60 10 distilled water
Giardia duodenalis 1 50 10 distilled water
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Team Members
• Lydia Holmes
• Elisa Garvey
• Justin Sutherland
• Andy Salveson
Ventura Water Pure Potable Water Reuse Demonstration
• Continuation of Recycled Water Study efforts that recommended implementing Potable Reuse (DPR)
• Needed to start outreach and demonstrate the processes to the community
• Participation in WRF Study allowed them leverage funding as part of larger research grant ($100,000 direct benefit)
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1. Existing Sand Filters
2. Pasteurization
3. Membrane Ultrafiltration
4. Reverse Osmosis
5. Ultraviolet Light/
Advanced Oxidation
Advanced Processes for Future DPR
Innovative Technologies for Potable Reuse:
• Pasteurization ahead of membrane filtration provides increased pathogen protection and reduced biofouling of membranes
• Medium pressure UV with electrolysis for advanced oxidation improvements/efficiency
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Advanced Processes for Future Direct Potable Reuse
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Ventura UF/RO/UV AOP
UV
H2O2
Ultrafiltration
Advanced Oxidation
Reverse Osmosis
Destroys Pathogens
Destroys Trace Pollutants
Filtration
Filters PathogensRemoves Trace
PollutantsRemoves Salts
Secondary Effluent
Reduces TSS, Turbidity
Pressure Sand Filters
Filters Pathogens
Filtration
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UV
H2O2
Ultrafiltration
Advanced Oxidation
Reverse Osmosis
Destroys Pathogens
Destroys Trace Pollutants
Disinfection
Filters PathogensRemoves Trace
PollutantsRemoves Salts
Secondary Effluent
Kills Pathogens
Pasteurization
Filters Pathogens
Filtration
Pressure Sand Filters
Filtration
Reduces TSS, Turbidity
Ventura Pasteurization/UF/RO/UV AOP
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• Central to Water Quality Confidence & DPR Focal Point
• Defined in DPR Framework Document:
– control can be applied to an individual unit process to reduce,
prevent, or eliminate process failure
– and where monitoring is conducted to confirm that the control
point is functioning correctly.
– goal is to reduce the risk from pathogen and chemical
constituents.
• Critical Control Points
– conservatively document performance of a treatment process
for the removal of a contaminant
– based upon the measurement of a surrogate
– verified through more intensive water quality monitoring and
challenge testing
Critical Control Points Definition
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Critical Control Point Approach
CCP CCP Monitor
Primary and secondary treatment
No currently defined CCP monitor.
PasteurizationTarget temp (164 deg F) and short contact
(<10 seconds) makes ideal CCP
UFPDTs are an ideal CCP, but the sampling interval is too long (for this application)
ROOnline fluorescent monitoring now proven
for 3+ log credit
UV-AOPIntensity sensors following U.S. EPA
sufficient for credit
ESBESB with free chlorine Ct provides
additional treatment and meets Failure and Response Time (FRT) requirements
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Potential DPR Train for Ventura
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Performance Target
Removal Goal
Primary and
Secondary Treatment
Past.
UF RO UV/H2O2
Total Credits
log viruses 12+ (1.9) 6 0 3+ 6 15.0+
log Giardiacysts
10+ (0.8) 4+ (4) 3+ 6 13.0+
log Cryptosporidium oocysts
10+ (1.2) 4+ (4) 3+ 6 13.0+
Oxidation of 1,4-Dioxane
0.5 log removal by advanced oxidation
Destruction by UV AOP
NDMA <10 ng/L <20 <10
Turbidity <0.2 NTU <0.2 NTU
Total Organic Carbon
<0.5 mg/L<0.3 mg/L
Drinking Water MCLs
VariesMeets all standards
Projected DPR Treatment Performance
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Contact Information
Andrew Salveson [email protected]
Greg Ryan [email protected]