The Evolution of the Planned Community
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Transcript of The Evolution of the Planned Community
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the
EVOLUTION of the Planned Community
Jim Heid | FASLA, Founder
URBAN DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE | ALBERTA � CANADA
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada
2004
29 May 2013
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
Option 1: Greenfield
Ladera Ranch, CA
PROS • Scale of Sites • Pricing / Structure • Natural AmeniGes
CONS • Approvals • Biologic Concerns • Infrastructure • TransportaGon • Focused OpposiGon
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
Option 2: Inner Ring Densification
Belamar - Lakewood CO
http://www.city-data.com/picfilesc/picc5931.php
PROS • Infrastructure • Proximity to Jobs • Old Urbanism • Schools and Parks
CONS • Land Assembly • Land Cost • NIMBY’s • CongesGon • Outdated Codes
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
Option 3: Urban Infill
Capitol Riverfront – Washington DC
Image Credit:www.dcyards.com:
PROS • Infrastructure • Proximity to Jobs • Transit Access • ExisGng Urban
Character
CONS • Infrastructure • Schools • Safety | Security • ContaminaGon • Market Preference
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© UrbanGreen 2004
75-65% Greenfield
15-20% Suburban densification
10-15% Urban infill
New housing location projection ca 2004
Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada
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#1 Can we do Greenfield better?
YES.
“Sprawl can be defined as fragmented, low density, economically homogenous, land consumptive without creating character or connection”.
Greenfield Development Without Sprawl, 2004
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
Hallmarks of the Planned Community
Hercules Waterfrtont, Hercules CA
§ Compact - Higher net density with amenity
§ Diverse - Land uses and types of users
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
Hallmarks of the Planned Community
Celebration – Orlando, FL
§ Land efficient - Conserve significant
natural and
cultural features
§ Resource efficient Energy, water, materials
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
Hallmarks of the Planned Community
§ Vibrant - Richness of place
§ Connectivity - Linked
open space, linked street networks
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
Hallmarks of the Planned Community
Mission Bay, San Francisco CA
§ Shared Governance
§ Consistent Maintenance
§ Community Life
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Why does right, feel so … wrong?
A Decade of New Home Sales 2001-2010
US Total1 8,580,000
%
Top Ten Planned Communities2 130,386
1.5%
Top Twenty Planned Communities3 187,687
2.2%
All Planned Communities (estimated)4 800,636 9.3%
IT’S NOT JUST A FEELING
Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
So the Issue is NOT Greenfield vs. Infill….
…..Its Sprawl vs. Planned Community
570,000 Units per year
80,000 Units per year
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2008 - 2011
29 May 2013
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2011
16 May 2013
“…the model that got us here, will not take us into the future”.
Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada
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Population growth1 by metropolitan location 2000-2010
Inner Ring Suburb
(+5.9 M)
Mature Suburb (+3.5 M)
=1,000,000
People
Emerging Suburb (+5.1 M)
Exurb (+1.5 M)
Urban Core (-.3 M)
1 Source: Robert Lang. Based on 416 counties in the 50 largest metro areas. These contain 53.7% of total U.S. population.
Infill or Greenfield?
BOTH.
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© UrbanGreen 2004
70-65% Greenfield
15-20% Suburban densification
10-15% Urban infill
Then
Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada
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Now
© UrbanGreen 2011
50-40% Greenfield
40-25% Suburban densification
10-15% Urban infill
Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada
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Gen X
Trailing Baby
Boomer
Leading Baby
Boomer
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
“Inner ring and urban core densification is temporal. Once the reality of schools, housing costs and safety become a priority for today's young professionals they will move to the suburbs, just like every generation before them.”
0%
Source:| UrbanGreen® Index Spring 2013
Percentage of respondents that selected ‘Disagree’ or ‘Strongly Disagree’
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Gen X
Trailing Baby
Boomer
Leading Baby
Boomer
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
“The next generation of buyers and users have very different values and will continue to find a way to live in higher density, urban or inner ring centers, long after they have families.”
0%
Percentage of respondents that selected ‘Agree’ or ‘Strongly Agree’
Source:| UrbanGreen® Index Spring 2013
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….then going forward…..
Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada
Can Community still be Planned?
MAYBE.
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0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
Access to
Mixed
Uses
Access to
Outdo
or Recrea2
on
Goo
d Scho
ols
Ease of D
riving
Tran
sporta2o
n Alterna2
ves
Housing Aff
orda
bility
Proxim
ity to
Work
Gen X
Trailing Baby Boomer
Leading Baby Boomer
What do the generations want in their community?
Source:| UrbanGreen® Index Spring 2013
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What will stay the same? What’s going to be different?
. Planned
Community (PC) Retrofit
Community (RC)
The ‘Attractant’
Suburban lifestyle with yards, playgrounds and family life
The variety, diversity and energy that comes with urbanity
The ‘Third Place’
Create gathering places Leverage nearby high streets
The Footpath The forest trail and walking paths Walkable urbanism and connected networks
The Transport
Two cars and a garage to house them, bicycling and walking as recreation
Car share, LRT, bicycles and walking for commuting
The Shelter Diversity of detached options with some higher density ‘lifestyle’ products but largely private space
Small and compact with ‘community living rooms’
Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada
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What will stay the same? What’s going to be different?
. Planned
Community (PC) Retrofit
Community (RC)
The ‘Attractant’
Suburban lifestyle with yards, playgrounds and family life
The variety, diversity and energy that comes with urbanity
The ‘Third Place’
Create gathering places Leverage nearby high streets
The Footpath The forest trail and walking paths Walkable urbanism and connected networks
The Transport
Two cars and a garage to house them, bicycling and walking as recreation
Car share, LRT, bicycles and walking for commuting
The Shelter Diversity of detached options with some higher density ‘lifestyle’ products but largely private space
Small and compact with ‘community living rooms’
Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada
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• AMENITY
• CONNECTIVITY
• DIVERSITY
• DENSITY
• QUALITY
THE SIX ‘TY’S. Universal Truths
= SUSTAINABLITY
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
Universal Truth #1
AMENITY
STREETS PUBLIC REALM THIRD PLACE
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Through Zone 6’-‐ 10’
U2lity Zone 5’-‐6’
Building + Furnishings Zone
5 -‐8’
Plenty of glass
Overhangs
Parking as buffer
Street Trees
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
Universal Truth #2a
CONNECTIVITY (Physical)
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
Universal Truth #2b
CONNECTIVITY (Social)
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
Universal Truth #3
DIVERSITY
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
Universal Truth #4
CURATED DENSITY
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
QUALITY Universal Truth #5
MEMORABLE CIVIC LANDSCAPE SIMPLE
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
SUSTAINABILITY Overall Outcome
© UrbanGreen 2007
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“Innovation will vary based on geography and market”.
Will one solution fit all?
NO.
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
Locational Variable #1
COLLABORATIVE CONSUMPTION
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
Locational Variable #1
COLLABORATIVE CONSUMPTION
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
Locational Variable #2
MIXING USES
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“…network of parks, plazas and green places offer breathing room. And walkable urbanism makes all these connections easy, whether headed to the corner store or high-tech headquarters”.
“…kids and adults alike splash in the refreshing waters of the Aquatic and Falcon Clubs. The 25 miles of nature trails let you get away from it all without ever leaving home”.
Suburban Planned Community Inner Ring Retrofit Community
Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada
Locational Variable #3
THE VALUE PROPOSITION
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Urban Development Institute | Alberta Canada 29 May 2013
Locational Variable #4
ROLE OF:
PPP | CFD | BID | HOA
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CONCLUSION…Redefining Roles, Redefining Outcomes
New
Communities Retrofit
Communities Infill
Communities
RIVERSIDE RESTON TOWN CENTER RINCON HILL
YEAR 1869 1988 2005+
SIZE (ACRES) 1600 460 51
POPULATION 9,000 7,500 10,000
CRAFTING COMMUNITY
Create Village Center
Add Urban Center
Leverage Urban Core
PPP ROLES Be market
knowledgable. Bring civic facilties.
Assist with land assembly. Lead approvals past
NIMBY’s
Create vision. Gain buy in.
Share financial risks
SUSTAINABIILTY GATEWAY
Stormwater Jobs Housing Transportation
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Email: [email protected]
Blog: chasingbetter.com
Survey: [email protected]
16 May 2013 Urban Land Institute | Redevelopment and Reuse Council
Questions? Comments? To Learn More.