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2. What are Ceramics? What are the possible technique used in ceramics making? How does modern Technology change Ceramics? Survey The Evolution of Ceramics Design 3. The word Ceramics comes from the Greek Keramikos meaning pottery, which in turn comes from Keramos, meaning pottery clay the traditional ceramics product were made from clay or clay mixed with other materials, shaped and subjected to heat, and table ware and decorative ceramics are generally still made this way. In modern ceramics, ceramics is the art and science of making object inorganic and non-metallic materials. What are Ceramics? 4. Additive - In subtractive processes, the sculptor begins with a mass of material larger than the finished work and removes material, or subtracts from that mass until the work achieves its finished form. Carving is a subtractive process. additive processes, the sculptor builds the work, adding material as the work proceeds. Modeling, construction, and assemblage are additive processes. Sculpting (Additive & Subtractive) 5. colored liquid applied to surface: a colored liquid applied to a surface in order to decorate or protect it, or in order to create a painting Painting 6. Glaze is a layer or coating of a vitreous substance which has been fused to a ceramic object through firing. Glaze can serve to color, decorate, strengthen or waterproof an item. Glazing 7. The ceramic molding process is an easy production method which guarantees the precision required, and also gives a good surface finish, using a high temperature method to better structure and shape parts. Molding 8. forms were built up from long rolls of clay, and then smoothed with the fingers or a smooth piece of wood or stone. Coiled 9. construction involves rolling out a flat sheet of clay, cutting shapes from the sheet, and assembling them into the desired forms. All of these ancient methods are still practiced by craftspersons around the world. Slab 10. to make clay objects was developed in China at least as early as 3500 BC. This involves centering a ball of clay on a table that is turned by kicking a weighted wheel, or operating a treadle. The form is shaped by the potters hands, but is perfectly symmetrical, because of the turning of the wheel as he shapes the clay. The potters wheel and the wood lathe in fact operate on the same principal. Throwing is the method most commonly used today Wheel throwing 11. Industrial oven: a specialized oven or furnace used for industrial processes such as firing clay for pottery or bricks and for drying materials such as hops or timber Kiln 12. is considered to be the finest quality of ceramics. It is translucent, self glazing, white, and very hard. Porcelain was developed in China, and is made of a special type of clay called kaolin, plus feldspar. The secret of porcelain was not discovered in Europe until the early 18th century, when the first porcelain factory was established at Meissen, in Saxony (now Germany) Porcelain 13. of ceramics began with simply burnishing or polishing the surface of the raw clay with a smooth tool. The surface could also be carved or incised to create decorative patterns or images. The Surface decoration 14. Ceramics Design in the past time in not better than today (25%) Ceramics Design in the past time much more seen than today (26%) Ceramics Design in more useful than today (8%) Ceramics Design from past time going to the present is improving (41%) Survey