© 2008 Quest Software, Inc. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

The Ever Changing & Growing World of Oracle

August 2008

Agenda• This is mean to be more of an open discussion

• No set time per topic - each topic has just enough info to spur questions and/or open a dialog – so talk

• Feel free to ask questions about other topics

• No cell phones with ringer turned on (use vibrate)

• Email only during breaks under penalty of death

• Most of this material represents our customers’ world2

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Hardware 20th Century

CPUArchitecture

CPUFamily

OperatingSystem

StorageArchitecture

DiskArchitecture

RISC

SPARC SOLARIS

DAS

ATA-2E-IDE

16 MB/secPA-RISC HP-UX

ALPHA TRU-64

POWER-PC IBM-AIX

SCSI-3Wide Ultra40 MB/sec

MIPS R4000 UNIX

CISC

System 390 MVS

DEC-VAX VMSNAS

(Fast Ethernet)MC 68040 UNIX

PENTIUM-I WINDOWSSAN

(Fibre Channel)AMD-486 WINDOWS

Yellow?

Many Choices

Hardware 21st Century - Early

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CPUArchitecture

CPUFamily

OperatingSystem

StorageArchitecture

DiskArchitecture

RISC

SPARC SOLARIS DASSATA-I

150 MB/sec

SATA-II300 MB/secPA-RISC HP-UX NAS

(GB Ethernet)

POWER-6 IBM-AIX SCSI-320320 MB/sec

SAN(Fibre Channel)

CISC

IntelXeon

LINUX

SCSI-640640 MB/sec

SAN(Infini-Band)WINDOWS

AMDOpteron

TieredStorage

SAS-I375 MB/sec

SOLARIS

iSCSISAS-II

750 MB/sec

Many Choices

Green?

Hardware 21st Century - Future

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Single Word:Virtualization

6Virtual Private Server

Databases are going virtual too!

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www.rampant-books.com/book_2008_1_oracle_vmware.htm

Regardless of what Oracle says or what platform they push (Xen), VMware (85%) and Hypervisor are/will-be major virtual platforms

What has Happened• Memory

– Dirt Cheap (just bought 32GB RAM for my home server for $1300)

– Large capacity – my server motherboard can go up to 64GB RAM

• CPU– RISC versus CISC no longer an issue

– It’s an all 64-bit World – needs to be primary platform (not 32-bit)

– Multi-Core CPU’s reign: Cores Threads Total/CPU

• AMD Opteron 4 1 4

• Intel Xeon 4 2 8

• Sparc T1 8 4 32

• Sparc T2 8 8 64

• Power 6 2 2 4

• Disk– Disk themselves pretty much the same (i.e. RPM, cache, etc)

– Disk architecture highly advanced – really no more “DAS”8

Cluster to form cheap mainframes

CPU Platform / Features / Limits

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Architecture CPU LimitShared

MemoryShared Disks OS Instances PQO RAC

SMP 32 Yes Yes 1 Preferred Unnecessary

SMP + crossbar

106 Yes Yes 1 Preferred Unnecessary

NUMA 64 Yes Yes 1 Preferred Unnecessary

Cluster 1024 No Yes # Nodes Preferred Preferred

MPP 4096 No No # CPU’s Required Required

What does all this mean for Quest?

• Databases Commoditized – we knew this• Software Commoditized – e.g. open source• Hardware Commoditized – cheap & virtualized• Solutions Commoditized (“Virtual Appliances”)• Products:

– Need to be cognoscente of virtual environment & focused there

– Need to be able to peer within virtualized “black box” components

– Looking for “commoditized” answers – i.e. Change X to improve Y

• Approach:– Possible that days of software installers are coming to an-end

– Throwing hardware at a problem easier & cheaper than tuning

– Tuning at the lowest level (SQL) now seen as expensive & timely

– Database servers no longer viewed as “islands onto themselves”

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Oracle Architecture

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This is a very streamlined version, there is actually much more these days – but this is enough to build on…

Traditional RAC

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Virtual RAC – 50,000 foot view

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Virtual RAC – 10,000 foot view

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Storage Virtualization too!!!

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New Oracle Architecture Diagram

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Can’t really point to actual hardware for database anymore

Mixed Databases too!!!

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Quest Questions• So what do database performance products tell us?• Quest Database Performance Tools

– Spotlight for Oracle | MySQL | SQL Server

– Spotlight for Oracle RAC

– Spotlight for Oracle Xpert (prediction)

– Performance Analysis for Oracle | SQL Server

– Etc

• Our tools monitor and diagnose at the database level• From prior slide though we said …

– Need to be cognoscente of virtual environment & focused there

– Need to be able to peer within virtualized “black box” components

– Looking for “commoditized” answers – i.e. Change X to improve Y

– Throwing hardware at a problem easier & cheaper than tuning

– Tuning at the lowest level (SQL) now seen as expensive & timely

– Database servers no longer viewed as “islands onto themselves”

• Foglight if the customer says our tools focus too low18

Oracle has Radically Evolved (i.e. Mutated)

• The database is almost an operating system itself– ASM replaces Logical Volume Manager and File System

– OCFS

– OS Files (external tables, 11g Secure Files, BFILE, XMLDB, etc)

– Job Scheduler (replacement for older & limited dbms_jobs)

– Resource Manager

• Oracle also seems to think it’s a true platform vendor– Oracle Enterprise Linux

– Oracle VM

– OEM for managing non-Oracle software

– Oracle Applications (e-business, Seibel, JD Edwards, Peoplesoft)

– Oracle Fusion (i.e. middleware layer)

• Let’s also remember that Oracle has been on a radical acquisition spree …

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Traditional DB Storage

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>= 9i Alternatives

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LVM vs. ASM

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40 Files

Recent Oracle Acquisitons

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24

25

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Don’t forget SQL Developer

Data Warehousing

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OLTP ODS OLAP DM / DW

Business Focus OperationalOperational /

TacticalTactical Tactical / Strategic

End User Tools Client Server / Web Client Server / Web Client Server Client Server / Web

DB Technology Relational Relational Cubic Relational

Transaction Count Large Medium Small Small

Transaction Size Small Medium Medium Large

Transaction Time Short Medium Medium Long

DB Size in Gigs 10 - 400 100 - 800 100 - 800 800 – 80,000

Data Modeling Traditional ERD Traditional ERD N/A Dimensional

Normalization 3 - 5 NF 3 NF N/A 0 NF

OLTP ODS OLAP DM / DW

Number of Tables 100 – 1000’s 100 – 1000’s 10 – 100’s 10 – 100’s

Average Table’s Row Count

10’s Thousands 10’s Thousands 10 - 100’s Millions 100 – 1000’s Millions

Average Table’s Size in Gigs

10’s Megabytes 10’s Megabytes 10’s Gigabytes 10 – 100’s Gigabytes

Largest Table’s Row Count

10 – 100’s Millions 10 - 100’s Millions 10 - 100’s Millions100 – 10,000’s

Millions

Largest Table’s Size in Gigs

10’s Gigabytes 10’s Gigabytes 10’s Gigabytes 10 – 100’s Gigabytes

Rollback Segment’s Size in Gigs

100’s Megabytes 100’s Megabytes N/A 10 – 100’s Gigabytes

Temp Segment’s Size in Gigs

100’s Megabytes 100’s Megabytes N/A 10 – 100’s Gigabytes

DW Load Scenarios

DW Load Approaches

Parallel is KEY !!!

DW Aggregates

Star Schema

SNowflaking

Partitioning Pre-11g

Post-11g