The era of dental ceramics/ dentistry dental implants
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INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY
Leader in continuing dental education www.indiandentalacademy.com
www.indiandentalacademy.com
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METAL CERAMICS
METAL FREE CERAMICS www.indiandentalacademy.com
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What is a core?
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The aluminous core Glass infused ceramic core Zirconium Dioxide (zirconia)
cores
Y-TZP cores
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General ClassificationGeneral Classification
1.Conventional powder ceramics2.Castable ceramics3.Pressable ceramics4.Infiltrated ceramics5.Machinable ceramics
1.Conventional powder ceramics2.Castable ceramics3.Pressable ceramics4.Infiltrated ceramics5.Machinable ceramics
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Conventional powder Ceramics These products are supplied as
powders to which the technician adds distilled water to produce a slurry, which is build up in layers on a refractory die/ platinum foil to form the contours of the restoration.
The powders are available in different shades and translucencies, and are supplied with characterizing stains and glazes.
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e.g. OPTEC H.S.P (Jeneric/Pentron) DUCERAM L.F.C (Ducera Inc) Vita Hi-Ceram (Vita Zahnfabrik)
Esthetic. High strength. But no good fit, Only anteriors
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Castable Ceramics These products are supplied
as solid ceramic ingots, which are used for fabrication of cores or full contour restorations using a lost wax and centrifugal casting technique.
Followed by heat-treatment to precipitate a crystalline phase
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e.g. DICOR (Corning glass, Dentsply). CERAPEARL (Bioceram, Kyocera)
Low abrassiveness Time consuming
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Pressable Ceramics These are also supplied
as ingots, these product are melted at higher temperatures [11500c] and pressed into a mould using a lost wax technique.
These pressed form can be made into full contour, or can be used as a substrate for conventional feldspathic porcelain buildup
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leucite basede.g. IPS Empress I (Ivoclar vivadent)
OPC (Optec Pressable Ceramic) ALCERAM (Cerestore, Innotek dental corp)
Lithium disilicate based IPS Empress 2*
Optec OPS 3G
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Leucite – KAlSi2O6
Low leucite High leucite
used for reinforcement of feldspathic dental porcelains
Varies from 35%-50% by volume
Flexural strength – 120 Mpa
tetragonal configuration cubic polymorph->tetragonal configuration
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Mechanical Strength is Insufficient for construction of All Ceramic
BridgesCrowns Inlays
Veneers Good marginal fit
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lithium disilicate
pre-cerammed interlocking nature of the crystals + high
density
high flexural strength.
Highly translucent because of the high optical compatibility between the crystals
The glassy matrix minimizes internal scattering of light. www.indiandentalacademy.com
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Strongest of all the glass ceramics (~350-450MPa).
New layering ceramic an apatite glass ceramic is used
Crowns for molars. Anterior three unit bridges.
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Infiltrated Ceramics These are glass
infiltrated core ceramics. This involves slip casting technique for making the core,
The contours of the restoration are obtained by individual layering and staining techniques.
Refractory die
Packing slurry
sinteringwww.indiandentalacademy.com
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e.g. In-CERAM AluminaZirconiaSpinell
sintering
packing
infiltrationwww.indiandentalacademy.com
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Most Translucent
The strength is about three - four times
more greater than earlier alumina core
materials[350 mpa].
Marginal fit reported to be very good.
INCERAM spinell
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Polycrystalline ceramic with out any glass component
Three crystallographic forms Monoclinic [<1170] Tetragonal [>1170] Cubic [>2370]
Zirconia
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High strength through very small grains
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INCERAM ZIRCONIA Glass-infiltrated Alumina with 35% partially
stabilized Zirconia core
Good Marginal Fit
High strength of 700 Mpa
Fracture toughness- 6-8 Mpa.m1/2
Posterior Crowns and FPDs, Post & Core, Implants
Strongest And Toughest Of Available Ceramics
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Machinable Ceramics
These products are supplied as ingots in various shades and are milled into desired form. These machined restorations can be stained and glazed to obtain desired characterization.
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a ceramic restoration fabricated by use of a computer aided design - computer aided milling
a process of milling a structure using a device that traces the surface of a metal, ceramic or a polymer pattern and transfers the traced spatial positions to a cutting station.
C AD-C AM C er amic s C opy-Mil l ed C er amic s
Machinabl e Cer amics
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CAD-CAM DCS–PRESIDENT -1991 AUTO MILL – 1994 CEREC 2 – 1994 CEREC 3 – 2000 PROCERA LAVA CERCON
COPY MILLING
CELAY – 1991
PRO CAM - 1996
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CAD – CAM Devices:
DIRECT: Fully integrated CAD – CAM devices for
chair side restorative approach. CAD & CAM stations are located at the dental office.
INDIRECT: System that consists of several
modules with at least, distinctive CAD & CAM stations.
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MATERIALS
Silicate Ceramics Aluminium oxide ceramics with glass
infiltration. Aluminium oxide ceramics with
dense sintering. Titanium. Precious alloys Non precious alloys
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Thank you
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