The Engineering The Engineering Profession (I)Profession (I)

E10 - Introduction to EngineeringE10 - Introduction to Engineering

Charles W. DavidsonCharles W. Davidson

College of EngineeringCollege of Engineering

John AthanasiouJohn Athanasiou

Spring 2010Spring 2010

11

Timeline to Engineering Education Timeline to Engineering Education and Professionand Profession

22

Time (years)

Fr. So Jr Sr What Next?

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Questions and Decisions

a. Do I want to become an engineer?b. Which major do I select?c. Which specialization do I follow?d. Which job classification do I select?e. Where do I want to work?

• Type of industry• Geographic location• Office environment

f. Do I want to go into Engineering management?g. Can I apply my BS in Engineering in other fields?

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““What is a Profession”What is a Profession”11

1.1. Requires specialized and highly skilled Requires specialized and highly skilled knowledgeknowledge..2.2. Requires Requires academic trainingacademic training..3.3. Is Is regulatedregulated by professional bodies. by professional bodies.4.4. RequiresRequires examination of competence examination of competence. .

5.5. Function of professional work is Function of professional work is vital to societyvital to society..6.6. Professionals enjoy Professionals enjoy higher social statushigher social status..7.7. CompensationCompensation is higher than other occupations is higher than other occupations

8.8. Professionals must perform under a standard of Professionals must perform under a standard of professional behavior that requires adherence to the professional behavior that requires adherence to the highest principles of highest principles of legal and ethical conductlegal and ethical conduct22..

9.9. Requires Requires Continuing education Continuing education to keep current with to keep current with rapidly changing technology. rapidly changing technology.

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The Engineering ProfessionThe Engineering ProfessionTrainingTraining, , QualificationsQualifications, , Advancements, LicensureAdvancements, Licensure

BS is required for all entry level engineering Jobs.BS is required for all entry level engineering Jobs.

Engineers trained in one field, may also work in a related field of Engineers trained in one field, may also work in a related field of engineering:engineering:

Aero EAero E ME ME EE Comp.E EE Comp.E Chem E. Materials EChem E. Materials E

All 50 states require licensure for engineers who offer their services directly to the public.2

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The Engineering ProfessionThe Engineering ProfessionTrainingTraining, , QualificationsQualifications, , Advancements, LicensureAdvancements, Licensure

A. Engineer In Training A. Engineer In Training (ET)(ET)22

Engineering Fundamentals Exam Engineering Fundamentals Exam Senior in, or Graduate of, an ABET accredited Senior in, or Graduate of, an ABET accredited

programprogram

B. Professional EngineerB. Professional Engineer (PE ) (PE )22

BS-ABET BS-ABET Have passed, or be waived of, the ETHave passed, or be waived of, the ET 4-Years Work experience4-Years Work experience Exam by NCEESExam by NCEES

Fundamentals of Engineering (FE)Fundamentals of Engineering (FE) Principles and Practice of EngineeringPrinciples and Practice of Engineering

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FE examThe FE exam is typically the first step in the process leading to the P.E. license. It is designed for students who are close to finishing an undergraduate engineering degree.

The FE exam contains 180 multiple-choice questions and is split into a morning session (120 questions) and an afternoon session (60 questions). You will be provided an FE Supplied-Reference Handbook on exam day. The exam lasts eight hours and is administered in April and October.

http://www.ncees.org/Exams.php ……..

ChemicalCivilElectricalEnvironmentalIndustrialMechanicalOther Disciplines

http://www.ncees.org/Exams/Study_materials.php?exam=FE

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Engineering -The ProfessionEngineering -The Profession

Whether the end result is a Whether the end result is a productproduct,, a a processprocess or or serviceservice, engineers need to consider , engineers need to consider safety, safety, reliability reliability, , cost-effectiveness.cost-effectiveness.66

Engineering is a career based on Engineering is a career based on

logicallogical, , systematicsystematic problem solvingproblem solving, ,

generally in high-tech, industrial, or scientific generally in high-tech, industrial, or scientific fields. fields.

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What Engineers Do? What Engineers Do? (a review)(a review)44

1.1. DesignDesign products. products.2.2. DesignDesign machinery to machinery to buildbuild and and testtest these these

products.products.3.3. DesignDesign Plants in which those products are Plants in which those products are

made.made.4.4. DesignDesign the systems that ensure the quality the systems that ensure the quality

and efficiency of the manufacturing process.and efficiency of the manufacturing process.5.5. DesignDesign, , planplan and and supervisesupervise the the

construction of buildings, highways, transit construction of buildings, highways, transit systems.systems.

6.6. DevelopDevelop and and implementimplement ways to extract, ways to extract, process and use raw materials such as process and use raw materials such as petroleum and natural gas.petroleum and natural gas.

7.7. Harness the power of the Harness the power of the sunsun, and , and windwind to to satisfy the nations power needs.satisfy the nations power needs.

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What Engineering Work Have You Done in What Engineering Work Have You Done in E10?E10?

Research: – Excel, Inventor 2008, Statics, Research: – Excel, Inventor 2008, Statics, (Learning Curve) (Learning Curve) Aerodynamics, Strength of materials, Aerodynamics, Strength of materials, Communication, EasyC, Signal theory Communication, EasyC, Signal theory..

Design: – Turbine, Support structure. (CE, ME, Aero)Design: – Turbine, Support structure. (CE, ME, Aero)

Robot SWR and HDR (EE, Comp E, ME, SWR E)Robot SWR and HDR (EE, Comp E, ME, SWR E)

Build Parts Build Parts (Mfg)(Mfg): – Blades (z-printer), Turbine Assy, IRB Assy, : – Blades (z-printer), Turbine Assy, IRB Assy, Robot Car Assy. Robot Car Assy.

Assembly: _ Support structure, Motor installation. (CE, ME)Assembly: _ Support structure, Motor installation. (CE, ME)

_ IRB, Robot car (EE, ME) _ IRB, Robot car (EE, ME)

Test: – Blade performance. ( Aero, EE, Excel )Test: – Blade performance. ( Aero, EE, Excel )

_ Structure stiffness (EE, ME)_ Structure stiffness (EE, ME)

_ IRB, Robot HDR/SWR_ IRB, Robot HDR/SWR

Communication: – Technical presentation and report.Communication: – Technical presentation and report.

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General questionGeneral question

What kind of a pattern do we see on What kind of a pattern do we see on the last two pictures?the last two pictures?

1212

..

Design

Development

Test

Manufacturing

AssemblyReliability

Engineering management

The Engineering Process

Where do you see your selfWhere do you see your self 10 years from now 10 years from now

‘‘

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Profession, Professional Level, Environment, Location, ……….

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Grad. Work Work Force ??? Fr. So Jr Sr

EIT E

xam

BS Engr.

PE ExamProf. S

ocieties

Specialization Job Classification?Professional Level?Engineering Management?

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To Engineer

or Not?

Engineering Major?

Job Classification

?

Specialization?

Yes

Yes

Yes

Fair WellSend us a card

Fair WellSend us a card

AeroECE

ChemEEE

CompEME…

Major Dependent

Independent of Major

Analytical EExperimental E

Design EDevelopment E

Test EManufacturing. E

…

Other

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E10EE98ME15Math30MATE25MATE115CHE115EE97EE98EE110CMPE30CMPE110CMPE125CE99CE112CE160

;: ::

BSME

BSEE

BSCPE

BSCHE

BSCE

Solid Mechanics

Fluid Mechanics

Thermodynamics

Control Syst.

Digital Syst.

Commun. Syst. ;; ;; ‘’

Structural EngrGeothermalTransportation

Analytical E.

Research E.Design E.

Experimental E.Development E.

Test Engr.

Product Eng.Mfg E

Quality E

Sales/Marketing

CEOCTOCFO“”“”VP of..

Director Of..Prgrm MngrProject -Mngr

Sr Engr

Advisory

Staff E. Engr.

From Student To Professional

The Time Line of the Engineering Profession

© 2004 J. Athanasiou

From Student to Professional EngineerFrom Student to Professional EngineerStep 1Step 1

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BS/MS

MajorsME, EE, CESWR.E, Comp.E …

Specialization

Aero

Aerodynamics PropulsionFlight

DynamicsStructure &Materials

1919

..

CE

Construction Structural Transportation Geothermal Environmental

2020

..

ME

Fluid Dynamics

Thermo-dynamics

MechanicalDesign

Mechatronics

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MechatronicsMechatronics

MechanicalMechanical, , ElectronicElectronic, , ControlControl and and ComputingComputing systems. systems.

2222

..

EE

Power Generation

CommunicationSystems LSI Electronics

2323

..

Chem. E

BiochemicalPolymers Plastics

Food Processing

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..

Mat. E

Semiconductors Microelectronics Ceramics

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From Student to ProfessionalFrom Student to ProfessionalStep 2Step 2

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BS/MS

Majors SpecializationFunctional

(Job) Classification

General Product CycleGeneral Product Cycle

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Feasibility study$$$

IdeaConcept Design/

Modeling

Testing

Development/Prototyping

Testing

Product DocumentationSpecifications

A

To MFG

To Customer/Consumer

Facilities

Tooling/Automation

A

Training Packaging Shipping

Production

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1. Research2. Experimental3. Analytical4. Design5. Development6. Testing7. Production

8. Operations 9. Sales/Marketing10. Customer (large systems)11. Management12. Consulting13. Construction

Functional Classification - All majors

Engineering Functional Jobs-AEngineering Functional Jobs-A

Research E. -Solves new problems. -Obtains new data.

-Devises new methods of calculation

-Gains new knowledge

Perceptiveness

Patience

Self-Confidence

Analytical E. Models physical problems using math to predict performance. Performs failure analysis

- Math, physics, engineering, science, applications software

Development E. -Develops products, processes, or

systems

-Uses well-known principles and

employs existing processes or

machines to perform a new function

-Concerned only with a prototype or

model

Ingenuity

Creativity

Astute Judgment

Title Function SKILLS/Knowledge

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Engineering Functional Jobs-BEngineering Functional Jobs-B

Design E. -Converts concepts and information

into detailed plans and specs from

which the finished product can be

be Manufactured.

-Restricted by the state of the art

1. Creativity

2. Innovation

3. Fundamental knowledge

of many disciplines

4. Understanding of

economics and people

Production E. -- Devises a schedule to efficiently coordinate materials and personnel

-- Orders raw materials at the optimum times

-- Sets up the assembly line

-- Handles and ships the finished product

-Knowledge of design,

economics, and

psychology.

-Ability to visualize the

overall operation of a

project

-Knowledge of each step

of the production effort

Title Function SKILLS/Knowledge

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Engineering Functional Jobs-CEngineering Functional Jobs-C

Test E. -Develops and conducts tests to verify that a new product meets design specs.

-Products are tested for structural integrity, performance, and reliability .

-Testing is performed under all expected environmental conditions.

-Knowledge of statistics,

product and process

specifications.

-Measurement techniques.

-Fundamental engineering

aspects of the design

Operations

or Plant E.

-Selects sites for facilities-

-Specifies the layout for all facets

of the operation

-Selects the fixed equipment for climate control, lighting, and communication

-Responsible for maintenance and modifications

Industrial engineering,

economics and law

Title Function SKILLS/Knowledge

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From Student to Professional EngineerFrom Student to Professional EngineerStep 3Step 3

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BS/MS

Majors SpecializationFunctional

(Job) Classification

Company Levels

Company Levels Company Levels (Publicly owned)(Publicly owned)

..

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Corporate Management

COBBoard of Directors

CEOCFOCOOCTO-------------------------------V.P. of MarketingV.P. of EngineeringV.P. of MFGV.P. of …………..------------------------------Director of ….Director of ….

Management

Plant Mgt.Functional Mgt.*Project Mgt.Line Mgt.……

Engineering

Fellow*Senior E.Project E. or Lead E.Advisory*Staff*Sr. Associate E.*Engineer or “Entry Level”

* Large Co.

EmployersEmployers

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1. What employers are looking in new graduates?

2. A major employer’s checklist of of desired attributes of engineering graduates*

1. What employers are looking in new graduates?

A major employer’s checklist of desired attributes of engineering graduates*

• Boeing co/ASEE PRISM 12/96

What employers are looking in new What employers are looking in new graduates?graduates?88

• Fast learnersFast learners

• Team playersTeam players

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Group A: Good Understanding of:Group A: Good Understanding of:

1.1. Engineering science fundamentalsEngineering science fundamentals::a. a. Physical and life science.Physical and life science.

(understanding engineering).(understanding engineering).3.3. Good communication skills:Good communication skills:

a. Writtena. Written b. Verbalb. Verbal c. Graphicc. Graphic d. Listeningd. Listening

Group A: Good Understanding of:Group A: Good Understanding of:

1.1. Engineering science fundamentalsEngineering science fundamentals::a. a. Physical and life science.Physical and life science.

b. Information technology.b. Information technology. c. Math (including statistics)c. Math (including statistics)

22. . The design and manufacturing processThe design and manufacturing process (understanding engineering).(understanding engineering).3.3. Good communication skills:Good communication skills:

a. Writtena. Written b. Verbalb. Verbal c. Graphicc. Graphic d. Listeningd. Listening

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1. Engineering science fundamentals: a. Physical and life science.

b. Information technology.

c. Math (including statistics)

2. The design and manufacturing process

(understanding engineering).

3. Good communication skills:

a. Written

b. Verbal

c. Graphic

d. Listening

Group B: Basic understanding of:Group B: Basic understanding of:

1.1. The context in which engineering is practiced, The context in which engineering is practiced, includingincluding::

-- Economics/business practiceEconomics/business practice

- History- History

- The environment- The environment

- Customer and social needs- Customer and social needs

2.2. A multidisciplinary systems perspective.A multidisciplinary systems perspective.

3.3. The importance of teamwork. The importance of teamwork.

3.3. Ethical standards Ethical standards

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Group CGroup C

1.1. Curiosity and a Curiosity and a LLife ife LLong desire to ong desire to LLearnearn. . ((LLLLLL or or LL33))

2.2. Ability to think critically and creatively as well Ability to think critically and creatively as well as independently and cooperatively. as independently and cooperatively.

1.1. Flexibility – the ability and the self- confidenceFlexibility – the ability and the self- confidenceto adopt. to adopt.

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BachelorsBachelors of Scienceof Science in Engineering in Engineering::The Key to “Maaaaany” DoorsThe Key to “Maaaaany” Doors33

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Directions After BS “Engineering”Directions After BS “Engineering”

1.1. Advanced Degrees-Academic Institutions Advanced Degrees-Academic Institutions (Teaching, researching, publishing, community involvement)(Teaching, researching, publishing, community involvement)

2.2. Engineering Management Engineering Management ((MSE/MBAMSE/MBA))

3.3. Law Law (Patent law , Corporate Law)(Patent law , Corporate Law)

4.4. Medicine Medicine (Bioengineering (prosthetics, ”Bionic Man/Women”…)(Bioengineering (prosthetics, ”Bionic Man/Women”…)

5.5. Government, Defense, CalTranGovernment, Defense, CalTran

6.6. Engineering ConsultantEngineering Consultant

7.7. Your Own Business Your Own Business

8.8. 007 007 ??? ???

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Could 007 Have Been an Engineer?Could 007 Have Been an Engineer?

..

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BSEngineering

CIA

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CIA- Electrical Engineer

- Work Schedule: Full Time Salary: $60,669 – $89,365 Location: Washington, DC metropolitan area

- CIA is seeking qualified Electrical Engineers to be responsible for projects requiring analog, digital and RF circuit design and fabrication.

Minimum requirements include a BS in electrical engineering, with a GPA of 3.0 or better. Ability, skills and knowledge in electrical circuits design principles; theoretical and practical design and fabrication of electronic circuits/systems containing discrete RF, passive, digital, analog, microcontroller and mechanical components; substantial hands-on experience with electronic circuit-level troubleshooting; …

www.cia.gov/careers/jobs/view-all-jobs/index.html

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CIA- Materials Engineer

Work Schedule: Full Time Salary: $60,669 – $89,365 Location: Washington, DC metropolitan area

The Materials Engineer will be responsible for designing, fabricating and assembling all forms of complex polymeric, co-polymeric and composite devices, from initial concept through deployment.

Minimum requirements include a degree in materials science or plastic engineering, as well as knowledge and understanding of thermoset and thermoplastic materials and manufacturing processes used to develop and produce devices. Applicants must also be able to recognize and duplicate surface finishes and textures; understand color analysis for the purpose of color matching paints and pigments using a spectrophotometer; be well versed in adhesive technology, and familiar with various sealant and potting compounds; and be familiar with various rapid prototyping systems (SLA, FDM, etc.). Hands-on experience with silicone mold making and various plastics part processing machinery (injection molding machines, thermoforming, rotational casting machines, etc.) is also required, as is travel, both domestic and foreign.

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CIA- Mechanical Engineer

Work Schedule: Full Time Salary: $60,669 – $89,365 Location: Washington, DC metropolitan area

The Mechanical Engineer will be involved with CNC applications in an engineering design and development prototype shop.

Responsibilities will include using Pro-E models to create CNC tool paths and programs required to manufacture parts, and leading efforts for postprocessor development and implementation. Candidates must be able to fill the CAM gap between engineering and machine production, and have the ability to troubleshoot existing Pro/NC programs, sequences and procedures, recommending new software and processes to streamline production efforts. This person will also be instrumental in training new personnel and existing operators.Minimum requirements include a BS in mechanical engineering, a two-year technical certificate and extensive experience including machine design, as well as 3+ years of NC programming experience (multi-axis milling and lathe). Software customization, CA

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Systems Engineer

Work Schedule: Full Time Salary: $60,669 – $89,365 Location: Washington, DC metropolitan area

Formulate, identify, analyze and define requirements. Identify, analyze and define user needs and translates those requirements into a lifecycle system operations concept, specifications and system level requirements. Prepare, validate and maintain system and segment documentation. Controls and validates the technical specifications. Formulate and define the technical scope and objectives of the project.

Minimum qualifications include a BS/MS in aerospace/aeronautical engineering, computer science, computer engineering, mechanical engineering or electrical engineering, with 5-10 years of experience in systems engineering, systems management or the equivalent

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Engineering Careers at CIAEngineering Careers at CIA College Students – Scientists & Engineers

Electrical EngineerElectrical Engineer Materials EngineerMaterials Engineer Mechanical EngineerMechanical Engineer Program Management Engineer Research ScientistResearch Scientist Science, Technology, and Weapons AnalystScience, Technology, and Weapons Analyst Systems Engineer Technical Operations OfficerTechnical Operations Officer ( www.cia.gov/careers/jobs/view-all-jobs/index.html ( www.cia.gov/careers/jobs/view-all-jobs/index.html ))

The Engineering ProfessionThe Engineering Profession

Thank you Thank you

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ReferencesReferences

1.1. C. Fledderman-Engineering Ethics, (PH)C. Fledderman-Engineering Ethics, (PH)

2.2. www.nspe.orgwww.nspe.org

3.3. Picture: www.wikipedia.com and www.google.com/ images Picture: www.wikipedia.com and www.google.com/ images

4.4. //bls.gov (U.S. Department of Labor and Statistics. //bls.gov (U.S. Department of Labor and Statistics.

5.5. www.abet.orgwww.abet.org

6.6. www.wetfeet.comwww.wetfeet.com

7.7. ..http://bls.gov/oco/pdf/ocos027.pdfhttp://bls.gov/oco/pdf/ocos027.pdf - -engineers engineers

8.8. Prism (?)Prism (?)

9.9. http://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos027.htmhttp://www.bls.gov/oco/ocos027.htm

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