The Emirates Group Environmental Report...

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2013-14 | 1

ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2013-14THE EMIRATES GROUP

2 | ENVIRONMENTAL REPORT 2013-14


We recognise that preserving our resources will be one of the greatest challenges in our drive towards sustainable development. This, however, will not materialise unless different facets of our society adopt energy conservation principles in their core values.

HH SHEIkH MOHAMMEd bIN RASHId AL MAkTOUMVIcE PRESIdENT ANd PRIME MINISTER Of THE UNITEd ARAb EMIRATES ANd RULER Of dUbAI


Emirates is a global airline, operating the world’s largest fleets of Airbus A380 and boeing 777 aircraft from its hub in dubai, United Arab Emirates. Its main activity is the provision of commercial air transportation services.

dnata is one of the largest combined air services providers in the world and the largest travel management services company in the UAE. Its main activities are the provision of cargo andground handling, catering, information technology and travel services.

Emirates and dnata are independent entities and do not form a group as defined by International Financial Reporting Standards. However, these entities are under common management. Therefore, in this document they are together referred to as the Emirates Group.


fINANcIAL PERfORMANcE 6

ENVIRONMENTAL PERfORMANcE 8

LETTER fROM THE cHAIRMAN ANd cHIEf EXEcUTIVE 10

THE LEAdERSHIP TEAM 12

ScOPE Of THE REPORT 13

THE EMIRATES GROUP – WHO WE ARE 14

OUR GROWING NETWORk 16

THE EMIRATES fLEET 18

JET fUEL 20

ENGINE EMISSIONS 24

AIRcRAfT NOISE 28

GROUNd OPERATIONS 30

ELEcTRIcITY ANd WATER 34

MATERIALS ANd WASTE 36

GROUP cARbON dIOXIdE EMISSIONS 38

bIOdIVERSITY ANd cONSERVATION 40

A GREENER TOMORROW 44

SETTING INdUSTRY TARGETS 48

PWc REASONAbLE ASSURANcE REPORT 50

AbbREVIATIONS ANd REfERENcES 52

cONTENTS

THE EMIRATES GROUP


fINANcIAL PERfORMANcE

Emirates Financial Highlights 2013-14 2012-13 % changeRevenue and results Revenue and other operating income AEd m 82,636 73,113 13.0Operating profit AED m 4,260 2,839 50.1Operating margin % 5.2 3.9 1.3 ptsProfit attributable to the Owner AED m 3,254 2,283 42.5Profit margin % 3.9 3.1 0.8 ptsReturn on shareholder's funds % 13.6 10.4 3.2 ptsFinancial position and cash flow Total assets AED m 101,604 94,803 7.2cash assets AEd m 16,561 24,572 (32.6)Airline operating statistics Passengers carried number ‘000 44,537 39,391 13.1Cargo carried tonnes ‘000 2,520 2,086 7.9Passenger seat factor % 79.4 79.7 (0.3) ptsOverall capacity ATKM million 46,820 40,934 14.4Available seat kilometres ASkM million 271,133 236,645 14.6Aircraft*** number 217 197 10.2

Emirates Group Financial Highlights 2013-14 2012-13 % changeRevenue and other operating income* AEd m 87,766 77,536 13.2Operating profit AED m 5,123 3,654 40.2Operating margin % 5.8 4.7 1.1 ptsProfit attributable to the Owner AED m 4,083 3,102 31.6Profit margin % 4.7 4.0 0.7 ptsCash assets AED m 18,995 26,968 (29.6)Total assets** AEd m 110,100 102,188 7.7


2013-14 figures have been re-classified to conform with the current year’s presentation.

* After eliminating inter company income/expense of AED 2,435 million in 2013-14 (2012-13: AED 2,199 million).** After eliminating inter company receivables/payables of AEd 171 million in 2013-14 (2012-13: AEd 186 million).*** Number of aircraft excludes one Airbus A319 ACJ used for executive jet charters. Elsewhere in the Environmental Report 2013-14, the total number of aircraft is reported as 218, including the A319 ACJ.

The financial year of the Emirates Group is from 1 April to 31 March. Throughout this report all figures are in UAE dirhams (AED) unless otherwise stated. The exchange rate of the dirham to the US dollar is fixed at 3.67.

dnata Financial Highlights 2013-14 2012-13 % changeRevenue and results Revenue and other operating income AEd m 7,565 6,622 14.2Operating profit AED m 863 815 5.9Operating margin % 11.4 12.3 (0.9) ptsProfit attributable to the Owner AED m 829 819 1.2Profit margin % 11.0 12.4 (1.4) ptsReturn on shareholder's funds % 19.1 21.4 (2.3) ptsFinancial position Total assets AEd m 8,667 7,571 14.5Cash assets AED m 2,434 2,396 1.6Key operating statistics Aircraft handled number 288,335 264,950 8.8cargo handled tonnes '000 1,604 1,570 2.2Meals uplifted number '000 41,275 28,584 44.0Travel services related net sales AED bn 5.9 5.4 10.0


ENVIRONMENTAL PERfORMANcE

Emirates Airline – Environmental DataMetric 1 Unit 2013-14 2012-13 % change Verified 2

Jet fuel consumption tonnes 8,141,738 7,125,216 14 . 3

carbon dioxide (cO2) emissions tonnes 25,646,474 22,444,429 14 . 3

Fuel efficiency L/100PK 4.05 4.07 -0 . 5

L/FTK 0.190 0.207 -8 . 2

L/TK 0.3089 0.3103 -0 . 5

Fuel efficiency (OFEF) 8 Tk/L 17.74 17.71 0 . 2 8

cO2 efficiency g CO2 / Pk 100.3 100.6 -0 . 3

g cO2 / FTK 469.2 511.2 -8 . 2

kg cO2 / Tk 0.764 0.767 -0 . 4

Nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions tonnes <3,000ft 10,552 9,194 14 . 8 Carbon monoxide (CO) emissions tonnes <3,000ft 6,394 5,471 16 . 9Unburnt hydrocarbon (UHC) emissions tonnes <3,000ft 665 564 17 . 9 Aircraft compliant with IcAO Annex 16 Vol II % 100 100 0 . 0

emissions Standards 3

Noise Efficiency Factor – Takeoff (NEF-T) dBkm2 / Tk 2.45 2.51 -2 . 4Noise Efficiency Factor – Landing (NEF-L) dBkm2 / TK 0.62 0.69 -10 . 1Aircraft compliant with IcAO Annex 16 Vol I % 100 100 0 . 0

chapter 4 noise Standards 3


1 For definitions of the metrics in these tables, please see The Emirates Group Environmental Report 2013-14 Reporting Guidelines and Methodology document, available on www.emirates.com/about/environment.2 The metrics marked are covered by Pwc’s assurance procedures (see Pwc assurance report on pages 50-51).3 Excludes wet-leased cargo aircraft.4 Includes staff of Emirates, dnata and Emirates Flight Catering (EKFC) in Dubai (58,882). It excludes staff from the 29 Emirates airport lounges covered in this report (ex dubai), Alpha flight Group Ltd, Emirates outstations and staff of Emirates and dnata subsidiary companies.5 for desalinated water only.6 figure revised since publication of the 2012-13 Environment Report.7 Includes Emirates, dnata and Emirates flight catering (Ekfc) in dubai, Emirates Group’s 12 largest outstations by headcount, 29 Emirates airport lounges (ex Dubai) and Alpha Flight Group Ltd.8 Unlike the other fuel efficiency metrics we report, the higher the OFEF value, the better the efficiency. A positive percentage change therefore reflects improvement over time.

Emirates Group – Ground Operations Environmental DataMetric 1 Unit 2013-14 2012-13 % changediesel consumption 7 litres 31,766,294 29,047,300 6 9 . 4Petrol consumption 7 litres 13,451,474 10,468,623 28 . 5Total fuel consumption (ground) 7 litres 45,217,768 39,515,923 6 14 . 4fuel consumption per head of staff 4 litres/head/day 1.97 2.37 6 -16 . 9Associated cO2 emissions 7 tonnes 115,900 101,722 6 13 . 9Electricity consumption 7 MWh 1,185,721 1,040,177 14 . 0Associated cO2 emissions 7 tonnes of cO2 830,005 728,124 14 . 0Electricity consumption per head of staff 4 kWh/head/day 52.6 51.4 2 . 3Water consumption 7 ML 8,221 7,338 12 . 0Associated cO2 emissions 5 tonnes of cO2 116,470 97,800 19 . 1Water use per head of staff 4 litres/head/day 361.3 344.0 5 . 0Total waste (not recycled) 7 tonnes 210,376 168,236 25 . 0Total waste (not recycled) per head of staff 4 kg/head/day 8.8 8.5 3 . 5Recyclables collected 7 tonnes 7,555.2 6,212.7 6 21 . 6

Emirates Group – Total Carbon Dioxide EmissionsMetric 1 Unit 2013-14 2012-13 % change Verified 2

cO2 from flight operations tonnes 25,646,474 22,444,429 14 . 3

cO2 from ground operations tonnes 1,272,751 1,095,882 6 16 . 1 Total Group CO2 emissions tonnes 26,919,225 23,540,311 6 14 . 4


HIS HIGHNESS SHEIkH AHMEdbIN SAEEd AL MAkTOUMcHAIRMAN & cHIEf EXEcUTIVE EMIRATES AIRLINE & GROUP

In 2020, dubai expects to welcome 20 million tourists and generate AEd300 billion in annual tourism revenue. Emirates airline will play a big role in supporting this goal, and so will dnata, our home-grown air services provider which has transformed from modest beginnings into a global player.

Today, Emirates airline connects over 145 cities to dubai and to each other, facilitating trade and tourism flows across six continents; while dnata provides ground handling, catering, cargo and travel services not only in Dubai, but across 90 cities, in 38 countries on five continents.

dubai is investing in infrastructure to meet the city’s future growth, and so is the Emirates Group. by 2020, Emirates expects to carry 70 million passengers per year on over 300 aircraft, and we are developing our workforce, and building cutting-edge facilities to support operations of this scale. We will also continue to strengthen our global footprint, so that we can serve and connect even more cities across the world.

for us, growth is not only about the numbers. We are here for the long haul, and we are conscious that with the scale of what we do, we can make a difference to economies, communities, and the environment. We consciously strive to improve our economic, environmental and social impact in a meaningful way.

In this regard, one of our key focus areas has always been the management of resource consumption. Reducing unnecessary consumption not only reduces environmental impact, but also has a direct benefit on our bottom line. Fuel efficiency is, as always, central to our business.

Emirates already operates one of the youngest and most efficient aircraft fleets in the sky. In the past year, we received 24 new passenger and freighter aircraft comprising Airbus A380s and boeing 777s. Representing the very latest in commercial aircraft technology, these new aircraft continue to help us improve the overall fuel efficiency and noise profile of our fleet.

In November 2013, we made a massive investment in the latest, most environmentally efficient aircraft technology with an order for 150 next-generation boeing 777Xs. When delivered from 2020 onwards, these 777Xs will help us to achieve the next level in fuel efficiency.

At Emirates, we have an ongoing focus to operate our aircraft in the most efficient, responsible way possible. In addition to our own operational efficiency efforts, our partnerships with air navigation service providers have also been key to implementing fuel - and time-saving routes.

On the ground, Group companies and business units work to recycle various materials, minimise water and paper consumption, and operate ground vehicles more efficiently. For example, dnata’s Airport Operations teams minimise water use when washing aircraft, and recycle newspapers and other paper products collected from Emirates aircraft cabins at dubai International Airport.

We have also continued our tradition of supporting biodiversity and conservation. One thousand endangered houbara bustards, a culturally important bird species for the UAE, were released in the dubai desert conservation Reserve, the management of which is supported by Emirates.


These birds have thrived and some have successfully reared chicks. Our conservation based resort in Australia’s blue Mountains, Emirates Wolgan Valley Resort and Spa, continued to win awards for sustainability, as well as play host to rare and endangered wildlife.

These are just some highlights of our efforts of the past year, and as you read the rest of this report, I hope you will be as heartened as I am to see the progress that we have made in improving our environmental and other sustainability metrics.

We know that every little effort counts, especially when magnified by the scale of our global operations and workforce. Just as we know that to make a truly meaningful impact, sustainability efforts have to be continuous and long-term. At the Emirates Group, we are fully committed to responsible business and environmental stewardship.

Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum


THE LEAdERSHIP TEAM

HH Sheikh Ahmed

bin Saeed Al Maktoum

chairman & chief Executive

Emirates Airline & Group

Tim Clark

President

Emirates Airline

Gary Chapman

President

Group Services & dnata

A commitment to managed, responsible growthEnvironmental responsibility is a core value of the Emirates Group, and underpins our vision of making the Group a leader in the aviation and travel sectors. We constantly strive to make sustainability and environmental efficiency a cornerstone of all Group operations, in the air and on the ground.

We continue to invest in the most modern, efficient aircraft andengine technology available, as well as ground equipment. We are constantly innovating, both internally and with our partners, to introduce greater improvements to our operations.

In the Emirates Group’s fourth Environmental Report, you will see how the Group is moving to drive future enhancements in efficiency and environmental performance, as well as the benefits now being realised from previous years of investment in programmes and initiatives.

THE cHAIRMAN & cHIEf EXEcUTIVE Of EMIRATES AIRLINE & GROUP IS HIS HIGHNESS (H.H.) SHEIkH AHMEd bIN SAEEd AL MAkTOUM. TIM cLARk IS PRESIdENT Of EMIRATES AIRLINE. THE PRESIdENT Of GROUP SERVIcES ANd Of dNATA IS GARY cHAPMAN. bOTH PRESIdENTS ARE SUPPORTEd bY A SENIOR MANAGEMENT TEAM, WHO OVERSEE THE VARIOUS bUSINESS UNITS Of THE GROUP.


THIS REPORT cOVERS THE EMIRATES GROUP’S fINANcIAL REPORTING YEAR (1 APRIL 2013 TO 31 MARcH 2014). AS Of THE ENd Of THIS fINANcIAL YEAR, THE EMIRATES GROUP OPERATEd IN OVER 80 cOUNTRIES, WITH MORE THAN 70,000 STAff.

ScOPE Of THE REPORT

We addressed the environmental impacts of the following:

• Emirates fleet operations (passenger and cargo, the latter flown under the Emirates SkyCargo brand).

• dnata operations in Dubai (aircraft ground handling, cargo and travel services).

• Emirates and dnata commercial buildings in Dubai, including offices, training colleges, flight catering, laundry services, warehouses, IT and engineering services.

• The Emirates Group staff accommodation buildings in Dubai (apartment buildings and houses).

• The top 12 Group offices outside of Dubai (outstations), by headcount.

• Alpha Flight Group Ltd operations.

• 29 Emirates airport lounges (outside of Dubai).

• Emirates Wolgan Valley Resort and Spa.

Environmental impacts associated with the following activities of the Emirates Group were not included in this report:

• Emirates Leisure Retail (ELR) and Emirates consumer goods businesses in the UAE and other countries.

• Partly-owned Emirates companies in the UAE and other countries.

• Remaining outstations, the airline’s offices and activities outside of the UAE, and all hotel properties except Emirates Wolgan Valley Resort and Spa.

• Partly and wholly-owned dnata ground handling, cargo and travel services outside of dubai.

• Partly-owned dnata freight-forwarding and security companies in the UAE.

• SkyCargo trucking services, vehicle fleets operated in smaller outstations and those operated by subsidiary companies of Emirates and dnata (in the UAE and overseas).


THE EMIRATES GROUP – WHO WE ARE

In 2013-14, we took delivery of 16 Airbus A380 and eight boeing 777 aircraft. These enabled us to strengthen our route network and launch new services to: Haneda, Japan; Stockholm, Sweden; Conakry, Guinea; Sialkot, Pakistan; Kiev, Ukraine; Kabul, Afghanistan; Taipei, Taiwan; Boston, USA; and a new service between Milan and New York. We also launched flights to Clark in the Philippines in October, but reflecting the dynamic nature of our industry, we made the decision to stop the service from May 2014.

Each new destination added to our global network not only opens up new points for our customers, but also creates new city-pair combinations for valuable trade and passenger traffic flows. Our Boston-Dubai route for instance, will benefit Boston and its surrounding region to the tune of US$ 132 million, according to data from the Massachusetts Port Authority.

THOUSANd NATIONALITIES

STAffAIRcRAfT

dESTINATION cOUNTRIES

75 16223280AIRLINE dESTINATIONS147


dnata

SkYcARGO

dnata

dnata

fREIghT cARRIEd

fREIghT hANdLEd

MILLIONTONNES

MILLIONMILLIONTONNES

MEALS PREPAREdMILLIONPASSENgERS

288,335

44.5AIRcRAfT hANdLEd2.3

1.6 41.3

These figures are valid as of the end of 31 March 2014.

dnata’s work, in every geography in which we operate, provides the vital functions that allow the aviation industry as a whole to thrive. Our team of 23,000 staff uplifts meals, services aircraft, moves all types of cargo, helps people arrange their travel plans, handles baggage, provides airlines and freight operators with business technology, and ensures passengers reach their final destination.


EMIRATES dESTINATIONSAbIdJAN

AccRA

AddIS AbAbA

AdELAIdE

AHMEdAbAd

AL MEdINAH

ALGIERS

AMMAN

AMSTERdAM

ATHENS

AUckLANd

bAGHdAd

bAHRAIN

bANGkOk

bARcELONA

bASRA

bEIJING

bEIRUT

bENGALURU

bUENOS AIRES

bIRMINGHAM

bRISbANE

cAIRO

cAMPINAS

cAPE TOWN

cASAbLANcA

cHENNAI

cHIcAGO

cHITTAGONG

cHRISTcHURcH

cLARk

cOLOMbO

cOPENHAGEN

dAkAR

dALLAS

dAMAScUS

dAMMAM

dAR ES SALAAM

dELHI

dHAkA

dJIbOUTI

dOHA

dUbAI

dUbLIN

dURbAN

dÜSSELdORf

ELdORET

ENTEbbE

ERbIL

fRANkfURT

GENEVA

GLASGOW

GOTHENbURG

GUANGZHOU

HAMbURG

HANEdA

HANOI

HARARE

HO cHI MINH cITY

HONG kONG

HOUSTON

HYdERAbAd

ISLAMAbAd

ISTANbUL

JAkARTA

JEddAH

JOHANNESbURG

kARAcHI

kHARTOUM

kOcHI

kOLkATA

kOZHIkOdE

kUALA LUMPUR

kUWAIT

LAGOS

LAHORE

LARNAcA

LIEGE

LILONGWE

LISbON

LOME

LONdON HEATHROW

LONdON GATWIck

LOS ANGELES

LUANdA

LUSAkA

LYON

MAdRId

MALÉ

MALTA

MANcHESTER

MANILA

MAURITIUS

MELbOURNE

MILAN

MOScOW

MUMbAI

MUNIcH

MUScAT

NAIRObI

NEW YORk

NEWcASTLE

NIcE

OSAkA

PARIS

PERTH

PESHAWAR

PHUkET

PRAGUE

RIO dE JANEIRO

RIYAdH

ROME

SAN fRANcIScO

SANAA

SÃO PAULO

SEATTLE

SEOUL

SEYcHELLES

SHANGHAI

SINGAPORE

STOckHOLM

ST. PETERSbURG

SYdNEY

TAIPEI

TEHRAN

THIRUVANANTHAPURAM

TOkYO

TORONTO

TRIPOLI

TUNIS

VENIcE

VIENNA

WARSAW

WASHINGTON, dc

ZARAGOZA

ZURIcH

dNATA PRESENcEAbERdEEN

AbU dHAbI

AdELAIdE

AL AIN

AL kHObAR

AL MEdINAH

ALGHERO

AMMAN (MARkA)

ANcONA

bAHRAIN

bANGkOk

bARcELONA

bARI

bEIRUT

bELfAST

bENGALURU

bERGAMO

bIRMINGHAM

bOLOGNA

bRINdISI

bRISbANE

bRISTOL

bUcHAREST

cAGLIARI

cAIRNS

cAIRO

cANbERRA

cAPE TOWN

cARdIff

cASAbLANcA

cATANIA

cOLOMbO

cOOLANGATTA

cORk

dAMAScUS

dAMMAM

dARWIN

dELHI

dHAkA

dOHA

dUbAI

dUbLIN

EAST MIdLANdS

EdINbURGH

ERbIL

fLORENcE

fUJAIRAH

GENEVA

GENOVA

GLASGOW

GUANGZHOU

ISLAMAbAd

JEddAH

JOHANNESbURG

JUbAIL

kAbUL

kARAcHI

kATHMANdU

kHARTOUM

kUWAIT

LAHORE

LAMEZIA TERME

LEEdS

LIVERPOOL

LONdON GATWIck

LONdON HEATHROW

LUTON

MANcHESTER

MANILA

MELbOURNE

MILAN (MALPENSA & LINATE)

MUMbAI

MUScAT

NAPLES

NEWcASTLE

OLbIA

PALERMO

PERTH

PESHAWAR

PISA

PRAGUE

PRESTWIck

RAS AL kHAIMAH

RIYAdH

ROME

SALALAH

SANAA

SANfORd

SHARJAH

SINGAPORE

SOfIA

STANSTEd

SUVA

SYdNEY

TAIf

TEHRAN

TOWNSVILLE

TUNIS

TURIN

VENIcE

VERONA

YANbU

ZURIcH

EMIRATES PRESENcEAbU dHAbI

AdELAIdE

bENGALURU

bRISbANE

cANbERRA

dAR ES SALAAM

dUbAI

fUJAIRAH

HObART

LAUNcESTON

MALÉ

MELbOURNE

MUScAT

PERTH

PHUkET

RAS AL kHAIMAH

SEYcHELLES

SHARJAH

SINGAPORE

SYdNEY

WOLGAN VALLEY

ZANZIbAR

OUR GROWING NETWORk


BOEinG 777-300ER Number of Aircraft: 93cargo capacity: 23 tonnesPassenger capacity: 354-442 Engine Type: GE90-115BRange: 14,594 km

Wingspan: 64.8 mLength: 73.9 m Height: 18.6 mMax Take-Off Weight: 349.2 tonnesAverage Cruising Speed: 896 km/h

AiRBUS A380-800 Number of Aircraft: 47cargo capacity: 8 tonnesPassenger Capacity: 489-517 Engine Type: GP7272Range: 15,000 km

fleet numbers as of 31 March 2014.


AiRBUS A340-500 Number of Aircraft: 9cargo capacity: 15 tonnesPassenger capacity: 258 Engine Type: RR Trent 553Range: 16,050 km

Wingspan: 63.4 m Length: 67.9 m Height: 17.1 mMax Take-Off Weight: 372.0 tonnesAverage cruising Speed: 874 km/h

AiRBUS A340-300 Number of Aircraft: 4cargo capacity: 13 tonnesPassenger capacity: 267 Engine Type: cfM56-5c4Range: 13,350 km

Wingspan: 60.3 mLength: 63.6 m Height: 16.8 mMax Take-Off Weight: 275.0 tonnesAverage cruising Speed: 874 km/h

AiRBUS A330-200 Number of Aircraft: 21cargo capacity: 17 tonnesPassenger capacity: 237-278 Engine Type: RR Trent 772Range: 12,200 km

Wingspan: 60.3 m Length: 58.8 m Height: 17.8 mMax Take-Off Weight: 230.0 tonnesAverage cruising Speed: 874 km/h

THE EMIRATES fLEET


BOEinG 777-300 Number of Aircraft: 12cargo capacity: 23 tonnesPassenger capacity: 364 Engine Type: RR Trent 892Range: 11,029 km

Number of Aircraft: 10cargo capacity: 15 tonnesPassenger capacity: 266 Engine Type: GE90-110BRange: 17,446 km



BOEinG 777-200/777-200ER Number of Aircraft: 3/6cargo capacity:18 tonnesPassenger capacity: 274-346 Engine Type: RR Trent 877Range: 9,649 km


BOEinG 777F Number of Aircraft: 10 cargo capacity: 103 tonnesEngine Type: GE90-110BRange: 9,260 km

Wingspan: 64.8 m Length: 63.7 m Height: 18.6 mMax Take-Off Weight: 347.5 tonnesAverage Cruising Speed: 896 km/h

BOEinG 747-400ERF

BOEinG 777-200LR

Number of Aircraft: 2 cargo capacity: 117 tonnesEngine Type: GE80c2b1fRange: 8,232 km/9,204 km



2229

6.2

NEW PASSENGER AIRcRAfT

NEW fREIGHTERS

NEW PASSENGER dESTINATIONS

YEARS AVERAGE fLEET AGE

Jet fuel is Emirates’ largest single area of expenditure, and its consumption also contributes the largest share of our environmental footprint. In 2013-14, Emirates spent nearly AED 30.7 billion (US$ 8.4 billion) on jet fuel, which made up 9.2% of the airline’s operating costs. Reducing the amount of fuel used per flight therefore is an imperative for every section of the business. Fuel consumptionTotal jet fuel consumption increased from 7,125,216 tonnes in the 2012-13 financial year to 8,141,738 tonnes in the current reporting period, a growth of 14.3%. This can be explained by the expansion of the fleet and network. During the reporting period, Emirates opened nine new passenger destinations and two new dedicated freighter destinations, increased frequencies to a number of cities, and allocated larger aircraft to several existing destinations. This resulted in a capacity increase of 14.6% in available seat kilometres (ASk) and 14.4% in available tonne kilometres (ATk). We increased our fleet size by a net 18 passenger aircraft and two freighters, and took delivery of one Airbus A319 for executive charters.

The new aircraft consisted of 16 Airbus A380s, six boeing 777-300ERs and two boeing 777-200LRf freighters, while two Airbus A330-200s, one A340-300 and one A340-500 – all older aircraft – exited the fleet.

These additions continue Emirates’ policy of investing in the most modern, fuel-efficient technology, and contribute to one of the youngest average fleet ages in the industry: just 6.2 years, compared with the IATA industry average of 11.7 years for wide-body jets (IATA – WATS 58th Edition).

Fuel efficiencyFuel efficiency is core to every aspect of our operations, impacting how we fly today and the fleet decisions of tomorrow. The less fuel we consume to move our aircraft and passengers, cargo and crew around the world, the smaller the environmental impact as well as the financial cost to the airline.

JET fUEL

Emirates’ fleet fuel efficiencyMetric Unit 2013-14 2012-13 % change 1

Operational fuel efficiency (OFEF) TK/L 17.74 17.71 0.2

Passenger fuel efficiency L/100PK 4.05 4.07 -0.5

Cargo fuel efficiency (freighters only) L/FTK 0.190 0.207 -8.2

Combined fuel efficiency L/TK 0.3089 0.3103 -0.5

1 Note: an increase in the OFEF implies greater efficiency, whereas a decrease in the other metrics implies greater efficiency.


In addition to the OfEf, we continue to report other commercially-oriented fuel efficiency metrics for comparison purposes. Our passenger fuel efficiency improved 0.5% to 4.05 litres/100 passenger kilometres (L/100Pk), while the Emirates SkyCargo freighter fleet continued its strong performance by improving fuel efficiency by 8.2% to 0.190 litres/freight tonne kilometre (L/FTK). Meanwhile, the fuel efficiency for total tonne kilometres gained 0.5% to reach 0.3089 litres/tonne kilometre (L/TK), 14.5% more efficient than the IATA fleet average of 0.3614 L/Tk (IATA – WATS 58th Edition).

The incremental gains in passenger and overall fuel efficiency between the two years reflect the composition of our now largely new and fuel-efficient fleet and extensive fuel efficiency practices that Emirates has already put in place. These are discussed in more detail on the following page.

14.5% MORE EffIcIENT THAN IATA fLEET AVERAGE

We can measure our fuel efficiency in different ways, each metric giving a different view of our performance depending on what is included in the calculation. In our third annual Environmental Report, Emirates introduced the Operational Fuel Efficiency factor (OfEf). Instead of commonly-used metrics that use the mass of revenue payload carried, such as Revenue Tonne kilometres (RTks), the OfEf instead takes Zero fuel Weight as the main variable. Zero fuel Weight (ZfW) is the total weight of the aircraft, including the airframe, the furnishings, the crew members, the passengers with all their baggage, and the cargo, without the fuel.

The advantage of ZfW is that it is independent of aircraft configuration, type of mission and payload mix or load factor. The OfEf therefore takes actual fuel savings practices into account. In 2013-14, Emirates’ operational fuel efficiency improved to 17.74 tonne kilometres/litre (Tk/L), compared with 17.71 Tk/L in the previous year.


Change from On firmAircraft in operation March 2013 orderA330-200 21 -2

A340-300 4 -1

A340-500 9 -1

A380-800 47 16 93

b777-200 3

b777-200ER 6

b777-200LR 10

b777-300 12

B777-300ER 93 6 58

B777-8X/9X 150

Total Passenger 205 18 301b777-200LRf 10 2

b747-400ERf (on wet lease) 2

Total Cargo 12 2 A319 ACJ 1 1

Total Executive Charter 1 1 Total 218 21 301

Investing in our fleet Emirates is investing in a step improvement in the future fuel efficiency of our fleet. We ordered 150 next-generation Boeing 777Xs at the dubai Air Show in November 2013, with another 50 purchase rights. The aircraft, to be powered by General Electric GE9X engines, will be delivered from 2020 onwards and replace older, comparatively less efficient aircraft in the fleet. Emirates has worked closely with boeing on the design of the 777X, helping to identify opportunities to significantly increase the performance of the aircraft.

One example is the introduction of folding wingtips. The efficiency of a wing is linked to its span: generally the greater the better. Wing span, however, is limited in practice by structural limitations and manoeuvring space on the airport tarmac and taxiways. folding wingtips, long used in aircraft carrier-borne military aircraft, will help to drive a 3-4% improvement in efficiency for the 777X, even when the weight of the folding mechanism is taken into account. Improvements such as these ultimately will not only benefit Emirates, but all operators of the new aircraft.

for all of our new aircraft, we collect detailed data on aircraft weight and airframe/engine performance when they are delivered from the manufacturer, as well as through performance flight tests. This data allows more accurate uplift of the appropriate amount of fuel for a flight.

Partnerships for shorter, more efficient flight pathsAircraft are rarely able to fly wherever our pilots want; they are usually restricted to specially defined routes, similar to highways in the sky. These routes are not always the most direct path to the destination, and they don’t always allow our aircraft to take best advantage of tailwinds or avoid strong headwinds.

Emirates engages with air traffic control organisations internationally to implement and utilise the best routes possible, saving time in the air and reducing fuel consumption and emissions.

These initiatives often involve the application of advanced technology and procedures, using the capability of sophisticated on-board avionics systems to enable aircraft to navigate with much greater accuracy. An example of this is the introduction of Required Navigation Performance Authorisation Required (RNP-AR) approach procedures, which Emirates has been progressively applying at selected airports around the world.

IMPROVING fUEL EffIcIENcY

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-124.02

4.04

4.06

4.08

4.12

4.10

Passenger fuel efficiency(L/100PK)

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-120.170

0.180

0.190

0.200

0.230

0.210

0.220

Cargo fuel efficiency(freighters only)

(L/FTK)


In december 2013, Emirates and Australia’s air navigation service provider Airservices Australia marked a milestone in our partnership with the tenth anniversary of the flexTracks programme for flights between Dubai and Australia. FlexTracks enables new routes across the Indian Ocean and Australia to be defined each day, so that our pilots can take best advantage of shifting winds. Over the 12 months to december 2013, flexTracks saved over 3,800 tonnes of fuel on Emirates’ daily flights to Adelaide, Brisbane, Melbourne, Perth and Sydney, and reduced cO2 emissions by more than 12,000 tonnes.

In October 2013, the flexTracks concept was extended across the Indian Ocean with the support of countries including Australia, India, the Maldives, the Seychelles, South Africa and Sri Lanka in the Indian Ocean Strategic Partnership to Reduce Emissions (INSPIRE) programme. Together, they created the Arabian Sea/Indian Ocean User Preferred Route geographic zone (ASIO-Z) covering the majority of the Indian Ocean and part of the Arabian Sea.

As a demonstration of the benefits of ASIO-Z and INSPIRE, Emirates again partnered with Airservices Australia to fly a FlexTrack route across the Indian Ocean, then used RNP-AR to conduct a continuous descent ‘Smart Tracking’ approach into brisbane on 1 September 2013. The flight then continued to Auckland, New Zealand, to highlight the benefits of the Asia and South Pacific Initiative to Reduce Emissions (ASPIRE) programme, which Emirates joined in 2013.

Fuel Jettison Events 2013-14Technical Reasons 6

Medical Reasons 8

Environmental Reasons 0

Total Events 14

Jettisoned fuel (tonnes) 358.5

Emirates also worked closely with the Japanese civil Aviation Bureau to become the first non-Japanese airline to land using an RNP-AR approach at Haneda Airport, Tokyo, in february 2014. The reduced distance flown enables savings of at least 80 kg of cO2 per flight when the approach is used, or more than 10 tonnes a year. The flight path takes the aircraft mainly over water rather than the city, which helps to reduce the noise footprint over populated areas.

Aircraft operating techniquesEmirates’ pilots use a variety of procedures to help save fuel and reduce emissions where it is safe and practicable to do so. One example is idle reverse thrust: when landing on a dry runway, the pilot sets the thrust reversers at idle instead of selecting full reversethrust. This technique saved 4,129 tonnes of fuel in 2013-14, equivalent to 13,006 tonnes of cO2. Another technique is shutting down one engine while taxiing. This saved 1,947 tonnes of fuel over the year, or 6,133 tonnes of cO2.

Fuel jettison eventsIn an in-flight emergency situation, it may be necessary to jettison fuel to lower the aircraft weight to ensure a safe landing. The most common reasons for fuel jettison events are medical emergencies and technical issues. A total of 14 fuel jettison events were reported in 2013-14. Fuel was jettisoned for medical reasons on eight occasions, and for technical reasons on six occasions. The total amount of fuel jettisoned was recorded as 358.5 tonnes.

4,129TONNES Of fUEL SAVEd

USING IdLE REVERESE THRUST TEcHNIQUE

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-1217.45

17.50

17.55

17.60

17.65

17.75

17.70

17.80

Operational fuel efficiency factor(TK/L)

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-120.3075

0.3080

0.3085

0.3090

0.3115

0.3095

0.3105

0.3100

0.3110

Combined fuel efficiency(L/TK)


2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-1299.5

100.0

100.5

101.0

102.0

101.5

Passenger CO2 efficiency(g CO2 / 100PK)

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-120

5,000,000

10,000,000

15,000,000

30,000,000

20,000,000

25,000,000

CO2 emissions fromaircraft operations

(tonnes)

Emirates’ fleet carbon dioxide emissions efficiencyMetric Unit 2013-14 2012-13 % changePassenger cO2 efficiency g cO2 / 100Pk 100.3 100.6 -0.3cargo cO2 efficiency (freighters only) g cO2 / FTK 469.2 511.2 -8.2

Overall cO2 efficiency g cO2 / Tk 764.0 767.0 -0.4

ENGINE EMISSIONS

Aircraft engines produce several environmentally-significant by-products from the combustion of jet fuel. We report here on carbon dioxide (cO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (cO), and unburnt hydrocarbons (UHcs).

Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide emissions are directly related to jet fuel consumption. Each kilogram of jet fuel burned in an engine produces 3.15 kilograms of cO2, so trends in cO2 emissions directly match fuel consumption. In 2013-14, Emirates’ cO2 emissions from jet fuel consumption totalled 25,646,474 tonnes, up 14.3% compared with the previous financial year in line with the increase in fuel consumption.

Also in line with the values for fuel efficiency, our CO2 emissions efficiency for passenger transport improved slightly to 100.3 g cO2/passenger km. The cO2 emissions efficiency for cargo carried on our freighter fleet improved 8.2% to 469.2 g CO2/freight tonne km, while the emissions efficiency for total tonne kilometres improved 0.4% to 0.764 kg cO2/tonne km. The discussion on fuel efficiency in the previous section outlines the initiatives we have taken to improve our performance in this area. At present, there is no international standard for aircraft fuel efficiency or CO2 emissions efficiency. ICAO is currently developing an aircraft cO2 emissions Standard to apply to aircraft designs in the future, and Emirates has been contributing to this work through the UAE delegation to the committee on Aviation Environmental Protection (cAEP).

Local air quality emissionsSome types of engine emissions are a concern for their potential impact on air quality at ground level in the vicinity of an airport. The most significant of these emissions – NOx, UHCs, CO and smoke – are regulated by IcAO Standards in Annex 16 Volume II. All of Emirates’ aircraft are fully compliant with these Standards.

In the following sections, we report on the emissions of NOx, UHcs and cO below 3,000 feet using IcAO’s landing/take-off (LTO) cycle. This layer of the atmosphere nearest the ground is considered to be the most relevant for emissions affecting local air quality.

Oxides of nitrogenOxides of nitrogen (NOx) are formed in the high temperature and pressure conditions in the engine combustion chamber, and are usually emitted at higher rates during take-off and climb. An international Standard for NOx was first adopted in 1981 and included in IcAO Annex 16 Volume II. IcAO subsequently agreed higher levels of stringency on four occasions, most recently in 2011. The latest NOx Standard (cAEP/8) applies to new engines certificated from 1 January 2014, and is not yet applicable to Emirates’ engines. However, all of our engines fall under and fully comply with the previous stringency levels (cAEP/6).

Emirates’ NOx emissions below 3,000 feet increased 14.8% to 10,552 tonnes in the year 2013-14, in line with growth in the fleet and network. The average fleet margin below the ICAO CAEP/6 limits improved from -8.19% to -8.69%.


Carbon monoxide (CO)cO is also produced as a result of incomplete combustion, usually while the aircraft is operating at idle or low thrust settings. CO production is minimal during most other phases of flight. We haven’t previously reported cO emissions, but have now added it to our reporting since it is one of the regulated emissions for aircraft engines.

Emirates’ CO emissions below 3,000 feet increased 16.9% to 6,394 tonnes in 2013-14, again reflecting the growth in the fleet and network. The average fleet margin below the ICAO Standard decreased slightly from -60.68% to -60.11%.

Unburnt hydrocarbons (UHCs)UHcs are produced in engines as a result of incomplete combustion of fuel, typically while the aircraft is operating on the ground at idle or low thrust settings. Similar to cO, UHc production is minimal during most other phases of flight.

Emirates’ UHC emissions below 3,000 feet increased 17.9% to 665 tonnes in 2013-14, as a result of growth in the fleet and network. The average fleet margin below ICAO Standards decreased slightly from -68.87% to -68.09%. UHC and CO emissions have grown at a higher rate than cO2 emissions because the increase in cruise fuel efficiency in newer engines has come with a trade-off of higher UHC and cO emissions during the LTO cycle. However, the margins for Emirates’ engines are still well below the applicable regulatory limits for all categories of local air quality emissions.

ENGINE EMISSIONS

Local air quality emissions below 3,000 feet (landing/take-off cycle) in tonnes Emission type 2013-14 2012-13 % changeOxides of nitrogen (NOx) 10,552 9,194 14.8

Carbon monoxide (CO) 6,394 5,471 16.9

Unburnt hydrocarbons (UHCs) 665 564 17.9

Emirates fleet margins below regulatory limits in percentages (iCAO Annex 16 Volume ii)Emission type 2013-14 2012-13Oxides of nitrogen (NOx) -8.69 -8.19

carbon monoxide (cO) -60.11 -60.68

Unburnt hydrocarbons (UHCs) -68.09 -68.87

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-120

2,000

4,000

6,000

12,000

8,000

10,000

Emissions of NOxbelow 3,000 ft

(tonnes)

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-12-8.8

-8.6

-8.4

-8.2

-7.6

-8.0

-7.8

Fleet margins below regulatory limits for NOx*(percentages)

*ICAO Annex 16 Vol II

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-1299.5

100.0

100.5

101.0

102.0

101.5

Passenger CO2 efficiency(g CO2 / 100PK)


12,000TONNES Of c02 SAVEd

USING fLEXTRAckS TO AUSTRALIA


Noise is produced by all aircraft, both by the engines and by the aircraft itself as it passes through the air. Airlines can reduce the impact of noise on communities around airports by selecting quieter aircraft designs, and by using flight procedures that avoid noise-sensitive areas and reduce the noise profile on the ground.

All of Emirates’ aircraft meet or exceed IcAO chapter 4 noise standards, which are the most stringent IcAO Standards for aircraft currently in operation. As Emirates has progressively invested in quieter aircraft, the fleet’s margin below ICAO Chapter 4 limits has continued to improve, reaching 9.66 EPNdB below the limit in 2013-14. (Note: these metrics exclude wet-leased freighters.)

Our flagship Airbus A380 in particular is recognised as one of the quietest large airliners in operation today. The aircraft incorporates a range of technologies to reduce its noise footprint, and it meets stringent Heathrow Airport noise levels of Quota count 2 for departures and Quota count 0.5 for arrivals. Emirates has performed well in the London Heathrow fly Quiet Programme as a result of its selection of aircraft and consistent use of noise abatement procedures. The airline was ranked 4th overall in the second quarterly fly Quiet report (covering the fourth quarter of 2013), up from 6th place in the inaugural report.

Emirates assesses its noise performance by calculating a Noise Efficiency Factor. This factor describes the noise footprint on takeoff and landing which is produced when transporting a certain load a given distance – the smaller the number, the lower the noise footprint. Looking at noise from the point of view of efficiency makes sense: noise in many respects is wasted energy.

Our noise efficiency factor for take-off was 2.45 dBkm2/tonne km for the 2013-14 reporting year, an improvement of 15% compared with 2012-13. The factor for landing was 0.62 dbkm2/tonne km for the current year, down 10% compared with the previous year. The improvements can be attributed to more flights operated by the quietest aircraft in our fleet, including the A380, B777-300ER and B777-200LR, and fewer flights operated by the noisiest aircraft.

AIRcRAfT NOISE

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-122.40

2.42

2.44

2.46

2.56

2.48

2.50

2.52

2.54

Noise efficiency factorfor take-off

(dBkm2 / TK)

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-120.56

0.58

0.60

0.62

0.72

0.64

0.66

0.68

0.70

Noise efficiency factorfor landing

(dBkm2 / TK)

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-12-9.8

-9.6

-9.4

-9.2

-8.4

-9.0

-8.8

-8.6

Fleet margins below ICAO Chapter 4 limits (percentages)


100% AIRcRAfT cOMPLIANT WITH cHAPTER 4 STANdARdS

9.66% fLEET MARGIN bELOW IcAO cHAPTER 4 LIMITS


GROUNd OPERATIONS

Fuel consumption from ground vehicle operationsMetric Unit 2013-14 2012-13 1 % changeDiesel consumption (worldwide) litres 31,766,294 29,047,300 9.4

Petrol consumption (worldwide) litres 13,451,474 10,468,623 28.5

Total fuel consumption (worldwide) litres 45,217,768 39,515,923 14.4

Total fuel consumption (Dubai) litres 42,249,461 37,344,388 13.1

Fuel consumption per head of staff (Dubai) litres/head/day 1.97 2.37 -16.9

1 Note: The figure for diesel consumption in 2012-13 has been revised since publication of the 2012-13 Environmental Report.

645 METRE LONG cONcOURSE cAN HANdLE

15 MILLION PASSENGERS A YEAR

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-120

10,000,000

20,000,000

30,000,000

40,000,000

50,000,000

Worldwide fuel consumption fromground vehicle operations (litres)

Petrol consumption Diesel consumption

The Emirates Group has substantial ground-based operations in dubai and in many countries around the world, and efforts are made across the Group to manage their environmental impacts. This section covers the use of ground vehicles and equipment and associated emissions, electricity, water, and management of materials and waste.

Several significant developments took place during the year, which have affected our resource consumption, emissions and waste production from ground operations:

• The new Concourse A at Dubai International Airport’s Terminal 3 completed its first full year of operations. Purpose-built for the A380, the 645 metre long concourse opened in January 2013, and can handle 15 million passengers a year.

• The average number of employees in Emirates Airline increased by 3,404 (8.9%), with most of the growth coming from cabin crew as a result of adding a net 18 passenger aircraft to the fleet.

• The Emirates Engineering Centre occupied the first phase of a new 40,000 m2 maintenance hangar development.

• dnata began providing ground handling services to passenger flights at Al Maktoum International Airport at Dubai World Central (DWC). The new airport received its first passenger flight on 27 October 2013.

Ground Vehicles and EquipmentThe Emirates Group maintains a large fleet of ground vehicles and equipment to support its operations, including baggage and cargo handling, passenger and staff transport, and catering vehicles. In 2013-14, the Group had 4,680 vehicles, 84% of which were located in dubai. This is close to the number of 4,688 vehicles in the previous year. Fuel consumption in the ground equipment fleet rose 13.1% in dubai and 14.4% worldwide. diesel formed the largest proportion of fuel consumed, at 70.3% of total fuel.


The Group continues to look proactively for ways to use its ground equipment and vehicles more efficiently. In February 2014, the central Services department won awards for Mobility Management and Environment conservation at the dubai Awards for Sustainable Transport for their achievements in overhauling the staff transportation service. Every day in Dubai, a fleet of buses transports over 8,000 Emirates Group staff between their accommodation and their workplace.

Through the project, the department was able to increase the number of staff carried on the service from 7,580 to 8,500, while reducing the distance driven by 9%, cutting the number of buses used to 67 from 140, and reducing cO2 emissions by an estimated 2,500 tonnes a year. Importantly for the users of the service, on-time performance exceeded 97.5% by the end of the project.

Other fuel- and emissions-savings initiatives completed during the year included:

• Introducing 2.8 litre petrol engine buses to replace 4.2 litre diesel buses for airside crew transfers, reducing emissions by 70 g cO2 / km.

• Replacing 2.5 litre vehicles with more efficient 2.0 litre vehicles in the chauffeur drive and crew transport fleet, saving 37 g cO2 / km.

• More efficient planning and use of existing vehicles, reducing the number of empty trips.

8,000

A fLEET Of bUSES TRANSPORTS OVER

EMIRATES GROUP STAff bETWEEN THEIR AccOMMOdATION ANd

THEIR WORkPLAcE

2,500

cO2 EMISSIONS REdUcEd bY

TONNES A YEAR

Emirates Group ground vehiclesBusiness Unit 2013-14Arabian Adventures 108

central Services 1,160

ddcR 10

dnata Airport Operations 1,684

dnata Cargo 190

EKFC 299

Emirates Engineering 350

Skycargo 122

Sub-total (Dubai) 3,923 Outstations 103

Alpha catering 654

Sub-total (ex-Dubai) 757Total Vehicles 4,680


Group companies have also been looking at ways to better manage wastewater in sensitive environments. Gulf Ventures is an award-winning destination management company, and operates its own camp for desert tours outside the city of dubai.

The camp is located above an important freshwater aquifer, so waste water should be properly treated to prevent contamination of the groundwater. In 2013, the company installed a fully self-contained Australian-made waste water treatment system entirely powered by solar panels, making it ideal for the remote location.

Electricity consumptionScope Unit 2013-14 2012-13 % changeDubai MWh 1,130,319 974,587 16.0

Worldwide MWh 1,185,721 1,040,177 14.0

Per head of staff (dubai) kWh/head/day 52.6 51.4 2.3

Water consumptionScope Unit 2013-14 2012-13 % changeDubai ML 7,765 6,520 19.1

Worldwide ML 8,221 7,338 12.0

Per head of staff (dubai) litres/head/day 361.3 344.0 5.0

333,500 LITRES Of WATER SAVEd

ELEcTRIcITY ANd WATER

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-120

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

Water consumption(megalitres)

Worldwide ML Dubai ML

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-120

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

Electricity consumption(MWh)

Worldwide MWh Dubai MWh

The Group’s electricity consumption in dubai increased 16%between 2012-13 and 2013-14, and water consumption grew 19%. The increases were largely driven by the opening of concourse A at dubai International Airport and the growth in staff numbers to service the expanding network.

dnata’s Aircraft Appearances team, who are responsible for washing the exteriors of Emirates’ aircraft fleet, have been focused on minimising water use. keeping an aircraft clean is important not just for its appearance, but also to avoid additional fuel burn caused by the aerodynamic drag that a dirty aircraft skin creates. Washing a wide-body airliner can potentially consume a lot of water, but dnata has established baselines and targets for the amount of water used to clean each aircraft type, which gives a strong incentive for cleaning crews to manage water consumption.

dnata saved over 333,500 litres of water compared with the baseline over the year, representing both financial savings on utilty bills and reduced environmental impact.


at the customer airlines, resulting in both additional use of paper and duplication of work. They set up a team to solve the problem, and they recommended an IT-based solution so that airlines could easily access the information. This considerably sped up the processing time, improved customer satisfaction, and saved 270,000 A4 sheets – about 1.3 tonnes – of paper a year.

MATERIALS ANd WASTE

Waste generationScope Unit 2013-14 2012-13 % changedubai tonnes 188,231 161,137 16.8

Worldwide tonnes 210,376 168,236 25.0

Per head of staff (dubai) kg/head/day 8.8 8.5 3.5

Materials recycled in tonnes (all Emirates Group sites) 1

Material recycled 2013-14Paper and cardboard 5,506.9

Unspecified recycling 1,134.6

Glass 324.6

Plastic - all types including plastic bottles and polycarbonate 280.6

IT and e-waste 82.2

cooking oil 56.2

Food 49.5

Wood 47.2

Aluminium - foil, cans, aviation grade 2017A alloy 39.8

Steel - scrap and cans 30.6

cartridges 3.0

Total (tonnes) 7,555.2

1 Note: The figure for recycling in 2012-13 has been revised since publication of the 2012-13 Environmental Report.

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-120

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

350,000

400,000

450,000

Waste generation(tonnes)

Worldwide Dubai

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-120

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

8,000

Recycling (tonnes)

Reflecting the growth in the Group’s operations, total waste generated increased 16.8% in dubai, and 25.0% worldwide. The Group continues to implement a wide range of recycling programmes to capture as many waste streams as possible. The total quantity of waste diverted from landfill for recycling totalled 7,555.2 tonnes, compared with 6,212.7 tonnes1 the previous year.

Waste reduction and recycling initiatives range from e-waste collection, through recycling of newspapers recovered from aircraft cabins, to promotion of e-freight – removing the paperwork from international freight.

At dubai International Airport, dnata’s Aircraft Appearances cleaning crews collect newspapers, expired inflight magazines and cardboard cartons for recycling from Emirates aircraft cabins. In 2013-14, dnata collected 1,756 tonnes of paper products for recycling from Emirates aircraft at Dubai, compared with 1,669 tonnes in 2012-13.

Other initiatives are aimed at reducing or preventing waste in the first place, while at the same time enhancing service for customers. dnata’s Special Handling Services Unit handles special requests for customer airlines, such as providing wheelchair assistance for passengers. The unit discovered that the service charge notes that document the request were being re-printed for multiple reasons


Using processes that were developed at the beginning of commercial air cargo, some international shipments can require as many as 30 different paper documents. Eliminating the paper from air freight reduces the need to handle and store physical documents, minimises data capture needs, and saves on the costs of paper resources and of transporting the documents. Emirates along with the aviation industry and IATA are now spearheading a global push to introduce e-freight worldwide. Emirates SkyCargo flew the world’s first paperless freighter flight in 2011. In the first quarter of 2014, Emirates was the airline with the greatest use of electronic air waybills (e-AWbs) by volume.

7,555.2 TONNES Of WASTE dIVERTEd fROM LANdfILL

1,756 TONNES Of PAPER PROdUcTS REcYcLEd fROM EMIRATES AIRcRAfT


In 2013-14, total Emirates Group emissions considered within the scope of this report reached 26,919,225 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent, up 14.3% compared with the previous year consistent with the overall growth of the business.

by far the largest proportion of the Emirates Group’s emissions come from the consumption of jet fuel in airline flight operations. 95.3% of emissions were generated by flight operations and the consumption of jet fuel, while ground operations accounted for 4.7% of emissions.

GROUP cARbON dIOXIdE EMISSIONS

Carbon dioxide emissions from worldwide ground operations in tonnes, by sourceSource 2013-14 2012-13 1 % changeGround vehicles and equipment 115,900 101,722 13.9

Electricity 830,005 728,124 14.0

Water 116,470 97,800 19.1

Waste to landfill or incineration 210,376 168,236 25.1

TOTAL 1,272,751 1,095,882 16.1

Emirates Group carbon dioxide emissions in tonnes, by scope Dubai (includes CO2 emissions from flight operations) WorldwideSource 2013-14 2012-13 1 % change 2013-14 2012-13 1 % changeScope 1: Aviation fuel, diesel, petrol and LPG consumption 25,754,655 22,540,474 14.2 25,762,374 22,546,151 14.3

Scope 2: Electricity and water consumption 907,483 780,011 16.3 946,475 825,924 12.7

Scope 3: Waste to landfill or incineration 188,231 161,137 16.8 210,376 168,236 25.1

TOTAL 26,850,369 23,481,622 14.3 26,919,225 23,540,311 14.3

1 Note: The figure for diesel consumption in 2012-13 has been revised since publication of the 2012-13 Environmental Report.

Emirates Group total carbon dioxide emissions in tonnesSource 2013-14 2012-13 1 % changeFlight operations 25,646,474 22,444,429 14.3

Ground operations (worldwide) 1,272,751 1,095,882 16.1

TOTAL 26,919,225 23,540,311 14.4

95.3%4.7%

EMISSIONS fROM fLIGHT

EMISSIONS fROM GROUNd

2012

-13

2013

-14

2011

-120

5,000,000

10,000,000

15,000,000

20,000,000

25,000,000

30,000,000

Emirates Group totalcarbon dioxide emissions

(tonnes)

Ground operations(worldwide)

Flight operations


bIOdIVERSITY ANd cONSERVATION

15,0001,000

INdIGENOUS GHAf TREES PLANTEd

HOUbARA bUSTARdS RELEASEd INTO THE WILd

Unique plants, animals and landscapes are features of our home base of dubai as well as the various countries that we operate in worldwide. Emirates has supported efforts to protect natural heritage by making large contributions to key conservation projects in Dubai and Australia.

Dubai Desert Conservation ReserveEmirates helped to set up the 225 km2 dubai desert conservation Reserve in 2003. The Group continues to fund the operations of the Reserve, including ecological research which is delivering some valuable results. key research activities in the past year have focused on vegetation monitoring, assessing the reserve’s carrying capacity for herbivores, and surveying populations of arthropods (such as insects, spiders and scorpions), rodents and red foxes.

during the year, the Reserve conducted a release programme for the culturally important but endangered houbara bustard in conjunction with the Ruler’s Office and the National Avian Research centre. five hundred birds were released on 15 April 2013 and another 500 on 17 and 18 February 2014. In March 2014, the first chicks were seen, confirming their ability to breed in the wild in the reserve.

Habitat improvements have continued in cooperation with the Dubai Engineer’s Office. A total of 15,000 indigenous ghaf trees were planted across the DDCR, which added to the 9,830 trees planted in 2012. Solar powered pumps were installed to irrigate the young trees and provide water for wildlife. Ghaf trees are extremely hardy, growing in areas with less than 75 mm annual rainfall and temperatures up to 50 degrees celsius, their roots penetrating as far as 30m below ground to seek out groundwater. The trees provide valuable habitat for animals but they are vulnerable to browsing and environmental degradation.

The reserve also operates an annual volunteer programmeconducted by biosphere Expeditions. The volunteers have helped survey for Gordon’s wildcat; although no wildcats were successfully found during the year, they did capture a rare sand fox, which helped to generate some important data. The volunteers also monitored the health of the iconic Arabian oryx population.


Emirates Wolgan Valley Resort and SpaEmirates Wolgan Valley Resort and Spa opened in New South Wales, Australia, in 2009 in a setting of 1,600 hectares of wilderness. The resort was built on the philosophy of complete integration with its environment, and has invested strongly in restoring the native vegetation and wildlife of the valley. It was one of the first luxury resorts in the world to receive an internationally-recognised carbon neutral certification from New Zealand-based CarboNZero, and re-certification was initiated during the 2013-14 financial year.

The resort’s commitment to providing a high quality visitor experience with strong sustainability and conservation values helped it win the Sustainability award at the 2013 Travel + Leisure Global Vision Awards, as well as taking the award for the best Environmental Programme at the 2013 Hotel Management (HM) Awards. In addition, the resort took the award for the Top Hotel in Australia in the 2014 TripAdvisor Travellers’ choice Awards.

Habitat restoration is an ongoing priority. In the past year, guests of the resort have contributed to improving the valley environment by planting some 2,000 native trees and shrubs along the Wolgan River, which will provide a wider corridor for wildlife to move through the valley and help to stabilise the river banks.

The efforts put into restoration are already paying dividends for the valley’s wildlife. In one of the most significant conservation related events in the resort’s history, a guest photographed a rare spotted-tail quoll outside her suite in January 2014. About the size of a domestic cat, the spotted-tail quoll is mainland Australia’s largest carnivorous marsupial. The animals are becoming increasingly rare because of habitat loss and competition from introduced predators such as feral cats and red foxes. The resort will work on enhancing habitat for the spotted-tail quoll, as well as continuing to monitor for further sightings.

Emirates Wolgan Valley Resort and Spa has a close association with the University of Western Sydney, along with several other research and education institutions. Students from the University of Western Sydney launched a number of new research projects during 2013, which will help to improve understanding of the valley’s wombats and eastern grey kangaroos. The knowledge gained from these projects will in turn assist our conservation managers find the best ways to manage these wildlife species.

The resort took the award for the Top Hotel in Australia in the 2014 TripAdvisor Travellers’ choice Awards.

2,000NATIVE TREES ANd SHRUbS

PLANTEd ALONG THE WOLGAN RIVER


MANILAIn 2013 Emirates launched ‘A Greener Tomorrow’, a programme to support not-for-profit environmental or conservation organisations through the provision of a funding award. The funding for ‘A Greener Tomorrow’ was raised through recycling programmes across the Emirates Group.

We called upon our passengers, employees, facebook fans, universities and members of the general public to nominate eligible organisations, as well as encouraging environmental and conservation organisations to nominate themselves. Over 400 nominations were submitted, from countries across the Emiratesnetwork and beyond. The applications spanned environmental initiatives such as animal, land and tree conservation, biogas, environmental research, awareness-raising, and green transportation. The high quality of the applications led us to support three projects in three countries.

The Institute for Climate and Sustainable Cities (iCSC): Ejeepney project, the PhilippinesicSc works on sustainable energy solutions and fair climate policy. The ejeepney conversion programme will transform diesel-fuelled traditional jeepneys – the Philippines’ most popular means of public transport – into battery-powered electric vehicles. This substantially reduces local air pollution and carbon emissions. Multicabs from Tacloban whose engines were damaged by typhoon Haiyan will be fitted with electric motors, enabling the vehicles to be used as public transport vehicles again.

A GREENER TOMORROW

REdUcINgAIR POLLUTION

TRANSPORTATION EMISSIONS

EJEEPNEYS gREEN


The Heritage Foundation: Moak Sharif Eco Village, PakistanThe Heritage foundation is engaged in a wide range of activities, ranging from the construction of Eco-Villages, to sustainable farming practices, to the building of smokeless cook stoves and educating women and children in these sustainable practices. The funding award will be used to support projects across all of these areas in the Eco-Village, Moak Sharif, Pakistan. Ripple Africa: The Changu Changu Moto (Fast Fast Fire) project, MalawiRipple Africa focuses on environment, education and healthcare in the Nkhata bay district of Malawi. The changu changu Moto stove is a positive alternative to traditional open fires. It is simple, low cost, has a low tech sustainable structure and is sourced 100% from local materials. This stove reduces deforestation in the local area, as well as greatly reducing the direct inhalation of smoke.

ENVIRONMENThEALThcAREEdUcATIONLOcAL MATERIALS

SUSTAINABLE PRAcTIcES

100%NKhATA BAY


The year 2013 saw a number of important developments in international aviation environmental policy. As the world’s largest international airline by capacity, Emirates is making a positive contribution to these policy discussions through its work with the relevant national and international bodies.

Compliancedifferent countries have different regulations governing aviation within their borders and airspace. The policy of Emirates is to comply with all relevant regulations in all territories in which it operates, including compliance with emissions standards and reporting requirements.

Market-Based MeasuresEmirates welcomed the decision by the European Parliament and council to maintain the coverage of the European Union Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) to intra-European Economic Area flights until 2016. This decision will help to facilitate ICAO’s development of a global sectoral scheme. Airlines had faced several months of regulatory uncertainty after the European commission proposed to include the emissions from the proportion of all flights within European airspace. The commission made the proposal shortly after the 38th Session of the IcAO Assembly resolved that States should engage in constructive consultations and negogiations with other States to reach agreement when designing or implementing MbMs.

despite the uncertainty around compliance deadlines before the European Parliament vote on the ETS on 3 April 2014, Emirates submitted its verified annual emissions report for all of its European emissions to the Uk Environment Agency, Emirates’ regulatory agency under the scheme, before 31 March 2014.

In line with the industry, Emirates supports a global sectoral approach to MbMs to avoid the creation of multiple overlapping regional schemes. At its 38th Assembly Session, IcAO resolved to develop a global MbM scheme for international aviation. The organisation requested the IcAO council to recommend a global scheme by the 39th Assembly Session in 2016, for implementation from 2020. The UAE has nominated technical specialists from Emirates to contribute to the IcAO Global MbM Task force set up under the committee on Aviation Environmental Protection.

iCAO StandardsIcAO’s committee on Aviation Environmental Protection is currently developing the first international aircraft certification standard for cO2 emissions. Nominated by the UAE, Emirates’ subject matter experts have contributed to the work on the cO2 standard as well as that of other cAEP working groups. Emirates’ experts also participated in the UAE delegation to the annual cAEP Steering Group meeting, which the UAE hosted in dubai in November 2013.

The UAE State Action PlanThe 38th Session of the IcAO Assembly encouraged Member States to provide voluntary action plans reporting on their international aviation cO2 emissions and relevant policies and actions. Emirates contributed to the working group set up by the General civil Aviation Authority to inform the development of the UAE State Action Plan.

SETTING INdUSTRY TARGETS


iATA TargetAviation is the first industry to agree on global targets to manage carbon emissions. These collective industry targets include a 1.5% annual fuel efficiency improvement until 2020, carbon neutral growth from 2020 onwards and an absolute reduction in cO2 emissions of 50% by 2050, compared with 2005 levels.

IATA has outlined a four-pillar strategy to meet these targets, including improved technology, more efficient aircraft operations, infrastructure improvements, and market-based measures to fill the remaining emissions gap.

These four pillars are:

• Improved technology, including advances in aircraft, engine and navigation technology;

• More efficient aircraft operations, including shorter and more fuel efficient flight paths;

• Infrastructure improvements, including air traffic management and airport systems; and

• Market-based measures, to address the remaining emissions gap.


Reasonable assurance report

To: the Presidents of the Emirates Group

Engagement and responsibilitiesWe have been engaged by the Emirates Group to perform a reasonable assurance engagement on the following measures presented at pages8 and 9 and marked with a u (hereafter: the reported annual environmental data) in the accompanying Environmental Report 2013-2014 by the EmiratesGroup, Dubai:

• Total jet fuel consumption of the airline (aircraft fuel consumption only);• Total CO2 emissions of the airline (aircraft emissions only);• Fuel efficiency of the airline, in terms of volume per passenger kilometre, volume per freight tonne-kilometre and volume per total tonne-kilometre (aircraft fuel consumption only);• CO2efficiencyof theairline in termsofCO2 weight per passenger kilometre, CO2weight per freight tonne-kilometre and kilograms CO2 per total tonne-kilometre (aircraft emissions only);• Percentage of aircraft compliant with ICAO Annex 16 Volume II emissions standards and CAO Annex 16 Volume I Chapter 4 noise Standards;• Operational Fuel Efficiency Factor (OFEF).

All other information in the EnvironmentalReport 2013-2014 was not subject to ourengagement and we do not report and do notopineonthisinformation.

The Presidents of the Emirates Group are ultimately responsible for the preparation and presentation of the Environmental Report 2013-2014. We are responsible for providingan assurance report on the reported annual environmental data presented in the EnvironmentalReport2013-2014.

CriteriaThe reporting criteria used by the Emirates Group are described in the Emirates Group 2013-2014 Environmental Report – Reporting Guidelines and Methodology, dated 15 December 2014, available onthewebsiteoftheEmiratesGroup.Weconsiderthereportingcriteriatoberelevantandsufficientforourengagement.

CO2 quantification is subject to uncertaintybecause of such things as emissions factors thatare used by mathematical models to calculate emissions, and the inability of those models to precisely characterize under all circumstances the relationships between various inputs and the resultant emissions because of incompletescientificknowledge.


Within the scope of our work we performed, amongst others, the following procedures:

• revieweddocumentstogainanunderstanding of the activities and structure of the Emirates Group;• conducted interviews with Emirates Group management to understand the data collection process and to evaluate the accuracy of the quantitative and qualitative information in the reported annual environmental data;• reconciled reported data with internal and externalsourcedocumentation;• performed analytical procedures on the reported data;• evaluated the appropriateness of quantification methods and reporting policies used;• assessed the data gap approach used, and the methods used to estimate missing data; and • evaluatedtheoverallformatandpresentation of the annual environmental data, as presented in the Environmental Report 2013-2014 (including an evaluation of the consistency of the information, in line with theabove-mentionedreportingcriteria).

We believe that the evidence we have obtained is sufficientandappropriatetoprovideabasisforouropinion.

OpinionInouropinion,thereportedannualenvironmentaldata, as included in the Emirates Group Environmental Report 2013-2014 (pages 8 and 9)and marked with a u, as mentioned in the paragraph “Engagement and responsibilities”,have been prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with the Emirates Group EnvironmentalReport 2013-14 – Reporting Guidelines and Methodology.

Amsterdam,15December2014PricewaterhouseCoopersAccountantsN.V.

Originalsignedby

Jan van der Hilst

Scope and procedures performedWe planned and performed our procedures in accordancewithDutchLawandtheInternationalStandardonAssuranceEngagements(ISAE)3000‘Assurance engagements other than auditsor reviews of historical financial information’and (ISAE) 3410 ‘Assurance Engagements onGreenhouse Gas Statements’. These standardsrequirethatweplanandperformourproceduresto obtain reasonable assurance about whether the reported annual environmental data are freefrommaterialmisstatement.

Reasonable assuranceThis engagement is aimed at providing reasonableassurance. A reasonable assurance engagementinvolves performing procedures to obtain verification evidence about the reportedenvironmental data in the Emirates Group Environmental Report 2013-2014. Theprocedures selected depend on our judgement, including the assessment ofthe risks of material misstatement in the reported annual environmental data due toomissions,misrepresentationsanderrors.In making those risk assessments, theverifierconsidersinternalcontrolsrelevanttothecompany’s preparation and fair presentation ofthe reported annual environmental data in orderto design verification procedures that areappropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on theeffectiveness of the company’s internal controlsregardingenvironmentalreporting.


LIST Of AbbREVIATIONS

AEd United Arab Emirates dirhamASk available seat kilometresASPIRE Asia and South Pacific Initiative to Reduce EmissionsATk available tonne kilometrescAEP committee on Aviation Environmental ProtectioncO carbon monoxidecO2 carbon dioxideddcR dubai desert conservation ReserveEkfc Emirates flight cateringEPNdb effective perceived noise level in decibelsEU ETS European Union Emissions Trading Systemg cO2 / fTk grams of cO2 per freight tonne kilometreg cO2 / Pk grams of cO2 per passenger kilometreGcAA General civil Aviation AuthorityGHG greenhouse gas emissionsIATA International Air Transport AssociationIcAO International civil Aviation OrganisationINSPIRE Indian Ocean Strategic Partnership to Reduce Emissionskg cO2 / Tk kilograms of cO2 per tonne kilometreL/100Pk litres per 100 passenger kilometresL/fTk litres per freight tonne kilometreL/Tk litres per tonne kilometreLTO cycle landing and take-off cycleMbM market-based measureNOx nitrogen oxidesOFEF operational fuel efficiency factorRNP-AR Required Navigation Performance-Authorisation RequiredTk/L tonne kilometres per litreUHc unburnt hydrocarbonZFW zero fuel weight

AbbREVIATIONS ANd REfERENcES

REfERENcES

• Asia and Pacific Initiative to Reduce Emissions (ASPIRE), Annual Report 2013. http:/www.aspire-green.com/mediapublications/docs/annual_ report2013.pdf• Indian Ocean Strategic Partnership to Reduce Emissions (INSPIRE), 2013 AnnualReport. http://www.inspire-green.com/docs/14-055bkT_INSPIRE_Annual_ Report_2013_LOWRES.pdf• International Air Transport Association (IATA), World Air Transport Statistics (WATS), 58th Edition, 2014.• IATA, Fact Sheet: Climate Change, December 2013. http://www.iata.org/pressroom/facts_figures/fact_sheets/ Pages/environment.aspx• International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO), Resolutions Adopted by the Assembly, Assembly – 38th Session, Montréal, 24 September – 4 October 2013.• ICAO, Report of the Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection, Sixth Meeting, Montréal, 2-12 february 2004 (Doc 9836, CAEP/6), 2004.• ICAO, Report of the Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection, Eighth Meeting, Montréal, 1 – 12 february 2010 (Doc 9938, CAEP/8), 2010.• ICAO, Report of the Committee on Aviation Environmental Protection, Ninth Meeting, Montréal, 4-15 february 2013 (Doc 10012, CAEP/9), 2013.• United Nations, Convention on International Civil Aviation, Chicago, 1944.

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