The Effect Multimedia Webpage Design Has On Content Transfer Over A Very Fast Network by Jon...
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Transcript of The Effect Multimedia Webpage Design Has On Content Transfer Over A Very Fast Network by Jon...
The Effect Multimedia Webpage Design Has On Content Transfer Over A Very Fast Network
by
Jon Storslee
Question: Why Do Smart Students Sometimes Fail When Using Computers & the Web?
No Frame of Reference
Not Comfortable With Technology
Overwhelmed With Too Much Information
Common Replies When asked about the Problem:
Cognition and Web Media
How Do We Think & Interact with Media?
Which Media is Best Suited for the Web?
What can be done to Improve Cognition?
Cognitive Theory
Cognitive Loading
Cone of Experience
Dual Coding Theory
Media Generative Theory
Cognitive Loading (Sweller & Chandler)
Cognitve Loading Is Unique to Each Individual
Steps Can Be Taken to Lower Cognitive Loading of Content
Graphics and “Colorful Wording” Will Reduce the Cognitive Load of Content
Cone of Experience (Dale)
Real World Is the Best Training Environment
Simulation of Real World Next Best
Need to Recreate the Training Environment
Dual Coding Theory (Paivio )
Information Is Processed Using Two Channels
Verbal Channel CalledLogogens
Nonverbal Channel (I.E. Pictures) Called Imagens
Better Retention When Both Channels Accessed
Media Generative Theory (Mayer)
“The Design of Multimedia Instruction Affects the Cognitive Processing” (Mayer, 1997)
Media Can Work in Conjunction With Other Media to Enhance the Cognitive Process (Mayer, 1997)
Factors that Hinder Cognition (Cognitive Interference)
Inappropriate Use of Media (Constant Running Animation or Large Graphics)
Poor Interface Design (Colors and Layout)
Learning Environment(Noise, Poor Lighting, Etc)
Hypermedia (Bush & Jonassen)
Theorized a Database With Associative Linking That Models the Brain (Bush, 1946)
Hypermedia Is Capable of Mapping a Knowledge Structure (Jonassen, 1989)
Problems with Media on the Web
Limited Bandwidth
Rapid Growth of Web
Slow Delivery
Inconsistent Delivery
New Media Tools
Summary of Theory
“Real World” Experience Is Best
Media Helps Recreate Work Environment
Media That Creates Mental Images Improves Learning
Misuse of Media Can Hinder the Learning Process
Webpage Media Model
Cognitive Loading Associated With Content
Cognitive Loading to Process Media
Cognitive Interference Generated From Webpage Download Time
Environment
Type & #Media
Type of Knowledge
Prior Knowledge
Misc.
# ofMedia
DownloadTime
Content
Cognitive Loading Factors
Text
Media Processing
Download Time
Content Processing
Text Cognitive Loading Model
Text
Graphics
Media Processing
Download Time
Content Processing
Text & Graphics Loading
Text
Graphics
Animation
Media Processing
Download Time
Content Processing
Text, Graphics & Animation
Text
Sound
Animation
Graphics
Media Processing
Download Time
Content Processing
Text, Graphics, Animation & Sound
Text Text &Graphics
Text ,Graphics &Animation
Text ,Graphics,
Animation &Sound
Content Media Download
Summary Cognitive Loading by Content
Very Fast Network (10 Mbps Dedicated)
Question: What Is the Best Media for the Web?
Text, Graphics, Animation & Sound?
Text Only?
Text with Graphics?
Text, Graphics & Animation?
Webpages Tested are located at http://seamonkey.ed.asu.edu/~storslee/net
Text (index.html)
Text with Graphics(gindex.html)
Text, Graphics & Animation (aindex.html)
Text, Graphics, Animation & Sound (sindex.html)
Mixed Methods Testing
Qualitative
Quantitative
Qualitative Test Methodology
2 Question on PosttestWhat Did You Like?What Did You Dislike?
Interview With Students
Observation of Students
Quantitative Test Methodology
4 Sets of Webpages
Same Content but Different Types of Media
Random Assignment of Subjects by Perl Script
Pre- & Post-test Assessment of Content
The Results
Text, Graphics, Animation and Sound for Very Fast Networks
Text, Graphics and Animation For Fast to Moderate Speed Networks
Implications of the Study
Adding Media Will Improve the Content Retention of Text-only Webpages
Adding Sound to Animations on Webpages Does Not Help or Hinder Content Retention
Recommendations for Future Research
Replicate the Study on a Slower Network
Replicate the Study With the Subjects Accessing From Home
Testing Only a Single Medium