The Decline of the The Decline of the Colonial PowersColonial Powers

The Decline of the The Decline of the Colonial PowersColonial Powers

Decolonization of Asia & Decolonization of Asia & AfricaAfrica

Changed the Makeup of Changed the Makeup of the UNthe UN

Decolonization of Asia & Decolonization of Asia & AfricaAfrica

Changed the Makeup of Changed the Makeup of the UNthe UN

AfricaAfrica Produced Many Produced Many Newly-Independent Nations Newly-Independent Nations

in a Very Short Timein a Very Short Time

AfricaAfrica Produced Many Produced Many Newly-Independent Nations Newly-Independent Nations

in a Very Short Timein a Very Short Time

who often found themselves who often found themselves caught in a battle between caught in a battle between

the two superpowersthe two superpowers

British ColoniesBritish Colonies Were Some of Were Some of the First to Seek the First to Seek

Independence becauseIndependence because

British ColoniesBritish Colonies Were Some of Were Some of the First to Seek the First to Seek

Independence becauseIndependence becauseBritain felt hypocritical about Britain felt hypocritical about colonialism.colonialism.

War left her weak and unable to afford War left her weak and unable to afford colonies.colonies.

A New African educated middle class A New African educated middle class began to emerge in the cities.began to emerge in the cities.

GhanaGhana: First African : First African State to Gain State to Gain IndependenceIndependence

GhanaGhana: First African : First African State to Gain State to Gain IndependenceIndependence

Kwame Nkrumah Led the Kwame Nkrumah Led the Former Gold CoastFormer Gold Coastto Independenceto Independence

Kwame Nkrumah Led the Kwame Nkrumah Led the Former Gold CoastFormer Gold Coastto Independenceto Independence

Educated abroad.

Schoolteacher.

Preached nonviolence.

Used boycotts and strikes.

Ultimately successful 1957.

Ghana today still needs to Ghana today still needs to modernizemodernize

Ghana today still needs to Ghana today still needs to modernizemodernize

Market inMarket in Kumasi.Kumasi.

Sells shoes crafted from old automobile Sells shoes crafted from old automobile tires. tires.

Sprawls across 25 dusty acres in ancientSprawls across 25 dusty acres in ancient Ashanti capital.Ashanti capital.

One of the largest marketplaces in West One of the largest marketplaces in West Africa. Africa.

KenyaKenyaKenyaKenya

Kenyan Independence: Kenyan Independence: 19631963

Kenyan Independence: Kenyan Independence: 19631963

London educated London educated Jomo KenyattaJomo Kenyatta provided strong nationalist provided strong nationalist leadership.leadership.

Mau Mau RebellionsMau Mau Rebellions made up of made up of KikuyuKikuyu farmers weaken British settlers farmers weaken British settlers opposition.opposition.

Today famous athlete Today famous athlete opened school for opened school for

orphans orphans

Today famous athlete Today famous athlete opened school for opened school for

orphans orphans

Kip Keino, famed distance runner.Kip Keino, famed distance runner.

Opened school for grades 1-8.Opened school for grades 1-8.

Down road from his Baraka ("Blessing") Down road from his Baraka ("Blessing") farm. farm.

He and his wife, adopted more than 100 He and his wife, adopted more than 100 orphaned and abandoned children in past 30 orphaned and abandoned children in past 30 years. years.

Senegal: Home of theSenegal: Home of theNegritude MovementNegritude MovementSenegal: Home of theSenegal: Home of theNegritude MovementNegritude Movement

The Solitary Baobob TreeThe Solitary Baobob TreeThe Solitary Baobob TreeThe Solitary Baobob Tree

The national symbol of Senegal, baobab trees often mark burial sites and inspire the poetry of de-colonization…

I heard a grave voice answer,Rash son, this strong young treeThis splendid treeApart from the white and faded flowersIs Africa, your AfricaPatiently stubbornly growing againAnd its fruits are carefully learningThe sharp sweet taste of liberty. David Diop 1956

The old BelgianThe old Belgian CongoCongo, , Formerly Formerly ZaireZaire,,

Faces Many Challenges Faces Many Challenges Today!Today!

The old BelgianThe old Belgian CongoCongo, , Formerly Formerly ZaireZaire,,

Faces Many Challenges Faces Many Challenges Today!Today!

Mobutu Sese SekoMobutu Sese SekoMobutu Sese SekoMobutu Sese Seko

Ruled 1965-Ruled 1965-1997.1997.

Supported by Supported by U.S.U.S. as Cold War ally. as Cold War ally.

Changed name Changed name toto Zaire. Zaire.

Left “a house Left “a house thatthat had been eaten had been eaten by by termites” termites” NYTimes.NYTimes.

Reign described Reign described in in 2002 2002 documentarydocumentary as an “African as an “African Tragedy.” Tragedy.”

Congo Makes Up for a LackCongo Makes Up for a Lackof Roads & Highwaysof Roads & Highways

Congo Makes Up for a LackCongo Makes Up for a Lackof Roads & Highwaysof Roads & Highways

Congo RiverCongo River barge carries hundreds of barge carries hundreds of passengers on its passengers on its 1000 mile journey from Kinshasa to Kisangani. 1000 mile journey from Kinshasa to Kisangani.

Many people travel on barges without shelter Many people travel on barges without shelter for asfor as long as a month, crowded together with their long as a month, crowded together with their belongings, livestock, furniture and wares for belongings, livestock, furniture and wares for sale.sale.

Today the Congo IsToday the Congo IsExperiencing Punishing Experiencing Punishing

War!War!

Today the Congo IsToday the Congo IsExperiencing Punishing Experiencing Punishing

War!War!

Michael Kamber for Michael Kamber for The New York TimesThe New York Times

About 5,000 people fleeing the ethnic warfare in About 5,000 people fleeing the ethnic warfare in and around Bunia, Congo, sought safety at a and around Bunia, Congo, sought safety at a camp on Monday. camp on Monday.

Death in the Congo!Death in the Congo!Death in the Congo!Death in the Congo!

The AllureThe AllureThe AllureThe Allure

Rich Mineral Resources:

Gold

Diamonds

Copper

Have Often Drawn ForeignExploitation.

Young Soldiers & a Young Soldiers & a VictimVictim

Young Soldiers & a Young Soldiers & a VictimVictim

Child RebelsChild RebelsChild RebelsChild Rebels

A child fighter in a rebel group stands A child fighter in a rebel group stands watch with a U.N. armored vehicle in watch with a U.N. armored vehicle in Bunia, Congo, where there have been Bunia, Congo, where there have been reports of rape and cannibalism.reports of rape and cannibalism.

AlgeriaAlgeriaAlgeriaAlgeria

French settlers fought fiercely to keep Algeria a French colony.

DeGaulle realized after the war that France could not hold onto Algeria by force.

Independence came in 1962.

AngolaAngolaAngolaAngola

400 years: 400 years: PortuguesPortuguese are the e are the first the first the arrive and arrive and the last to the last to leave in leave in 1975.1975.

Angola Left Angola Left With Bitter Civil WarWith Bitter Civil War

Angola Left Angola Left With Bitter Civil WarWith Bitter Civil War

Mateus Chitangenda, Fernando Chitala and Mateus Chitangenda, Fernando Chitala and Enoke Chisingi and their families have been Enoke Chisingi and their families have been displaced by war to the town of Kunhinga, in displaced by war to the town of Kunhinga, in central Angola.central Angola.

Going to SchoolGoing to SchoolGoing to SchoolGoing to School

A father walks his daughter to school A father walks his daughter to school in Kuito, Angola. All students in the in Kuito, Angola. All students in the town bring their own small benches to town bring their own small benches to class.class.

Africa: 2000Africa: 2000Africa: 2000Africa: 2000

NigeriaNigeria Struggles With Struggles WithEthnic & Religious Ethnic & Religious

RivalriesRivalries

NigeriaNigeria Struggles With Struggles WithEthnic & Religious Ethnic & Religious

RivalriesRivalries

Nigerian Muslims welcome Nigerian Muslims welcome Sharia Sharia lawlaw. .

January 2000January 2000

Nigerians today travel Nigerians today travel the same way as the the same way as the

CongoleseCongolese

Nigerians today travel Nigerians today travel the same way as the the same way as the

CongoleseCongolese

ShariaSharia LawLaw

ShariaSharia LawLaw

This adulterous woman This adulterous woman was sentenced to was sentenced to death by stoningdeath by stoning

This adulterous woman This adulterous woman was sentenced to was sentenced to death by stoningdeath by stoning

Woldwide attention has Woldwide attention has given her hopegiven her hope

Woldwide attention has Woldwide attention has given her hopegiven her hope

Amnesty Amnesty InternationalInternational is is campaigning campaigning against the against the stoning stoning sentencesentenceJuly 2002.July 2002.

Some find Some find ShariaSharia a a blessingblessing

I Thank God for the AmputationI Thank God for the Amputation – – Buba JangebeBuba Jangebe

Some find Some find ShariaSharia a a blessingblessing

I Thank God for the AmputationI Thank God for the Amputation – – Buba JangebeBuba Jangebe

South AfricaSouth AfricaSouth AfricaSouth Africa

Nelson Mandela jailed for 20 Nelson Mandela jailed for 20 years in his fight against years in his fight against

ApartheidApartheid

Lived to vote in the Lived to vote in the first racially democratic first racially democratic

electionelection

Lived to vote in the Lived to vote in the first racially democratic first racially democratic

electionelection

19941994

And Become President of And Become President of South AfricaSouth Africa

South African President Nelson Mandela, center, flanked by his two deputy presidents, Thabo Mbeki, left and F.W. de Klerk, right, celebrate the new constitution, May 8, 1996. (AP/WWP Photo Leon Muller)

Africa’s Problems afterAfrica’s Problems after

IndependenceIndependence Unstable Government Economic Problems Corruption Environmental Issues Healthcare/Disease Hunger/Starvation War/Conflict

First, Second, & Third First, Second, & Third WorldsWorlds

with a North-South Dividewith a North-South Divide

First, Second, & Third First, Second, & Third WorldsWorlds

with a North-South Dividewith a North-South Divide

International Aide International Aide GroupsGroups

International Aide International Aide GroupsGroups

United Nations

UNICEF(United Nations Children’s Fund)

European Nations

United States

Red Cross

Charities(Doctors Without

Borders/World Vision/Feed the

Children

Christian Missionaries

The W.H.O.(World Health Organization)

European Union

Main Issues Facing Modern Africa Today: Starvation, AIDS, Poverty, Healthcare, Corruption, Education

Population inPopulation inAfrican NationsAfrican NationsPopulation inPopulation in

African NationsAfrican Nations

Global Water StressGlobal Water StressGlobal Water StressGlobal Water Stress

Share of Share of World’s World’s

GDPGDP

Share of Share of World’s World’s

GDPGDP

Health StatisticsHealth StatisticsHealth StatisticsHealth Statistics

Bits Per Capita: An Bits Per Capita: An Information Revolution?Information Revolution?

Bits Per Capita: An Bits Per Capita: An Information Revolution?Information Revolution?