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The Business of Generating Electricity

For Discussion Only Slide No. 2

About Me

Roslizam Bin Jaafar B. Mech Engineering Hons.(Uniten– 2001)

019-2796795 / 03-2296 5669

roslizamj@tnb.com.my

Position:

Engineer

Engineer (Mech Maint)

Engineer GPMS Project

Manager (Operation Planning)

Station:

SJSI Pasir Gudang SJJC Klang Generation HQ Generation HQ

Years:

2003- 2006 2007 2007-2009 2010-2013

Level 5, Generation Building, TNB HQ, Bangsar.

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 3

About TNB

For Discussion Only Slide No. 4

About TNB

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 5

Corporate Structure

For Discussion Only Slide No. 6

Generation Division is 1 of 3 Core Divisions

President/CEO

COO Finance

Generation

Transmission

Distribution

Planning

HR

Corp Affairs

ICT

Procurement

Corp Services

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For Discussion Only

Presentation Content

• Energy 101 • Power Generation 101 • Malaysia Electricity Supply Industry(MESI)

For Discussion Only

Energy 101

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 9

One thing people can notice in the dark is a …

BLACKOUT !

For Discussion Only Slide No. 10

More things you can notice with light on …

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 11

From Another Angle

For Discussion Only Slide No. 12

What will the society be without energy ?

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 13

Where do we get the energy from ?

For Discussion Only Slide No. 14

Where do we get the energy from ?

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For Discussion Only

Power Generation 101

For Discussion Only Slide No. 16

Let’s get acquainted with electricity

Two positive charges repel each other, as do two negative charges. Opposite charges on the other hand attract each other.

When an electric charge builds up on the surface of an object it creates static electricity.

1) V = I.R 2) P = V.I

V = Voltage I = Current R = Resistance P=Power (Watt)

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 17

Let’s get acquainted with electricity

Electric current is measured in amperes (amps)

Electric potential energy is measured in volts

For Discussion Only Slide No. 18

Let’s get acquainted with electricity...

• Electricity travels at the speed of light - more than 186,000 miles

per second! • A bolt of lightning can measure up to three million (3,000,000) volts -

and it lasts less than one second!

• Lightning bolts can travel at around 210,000 kph (130,000 mph), while reaching nearly 30,000 °C (54,000 °F) in temperature.

• Electricity always tries to find the easiest path to the ground.

• Thomas Edison didn't invent the first light bulb - but he did invent one that stayed lit for more than a few seconds.

• The first light bulbs lasted a mere 150 hours, and that ten years later, Edison introduced one that lasted 1,200 hours? The average light bulb today lasts approximately 1,500 hours

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 19

More please…

• A spark of static electricity can measure up to three thousand (3,000) volts.

• Electric eels can produce strong electric shocks of around 500 volts for both self defense

and hunting.

• The 240V coming out of your electrical outlet has a lot of punch: more than enough to kill you.

• Electric shocks- •Less than 0.25 mA = buzzing or tingling feeling •10mA = cannot let go. Muscles contract. •Above 50mA = cardiac arrest •Above 100mA = tissue burns •Above 10,000 mA ( 10A) = amputation needed.

For Discussion Only Slide No. 20

How does fuel get transformed to electricity ?

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 21

Can we get back to basic please…

For Discussion Only Slide No. 22

So, do we have big wheels at power plants ?

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 23

No wheel and no kettle in the plants…

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How does electricity is generated ?

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 25

Example - Thermal

Cooling Tower

Turbine & Generator

Boiler (Generate Steam) Fuel

For Discussion Only Slide No. 26

Example - Hydro

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 27

Example - Solar

For Discussion Only Slide No. 28

Example – Wind Turbine

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 29

How big is 1 MW ?

For Discussion Only Slide No. 30

Major Power Plants in Malaysia

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POWERING THE NATION

TNB POWER SYSTEM

•21,748.4 MW INSTALLED CAPACITY

•6,971.1 MW TNB

•4,490 MW TNB OWNED IPP

•10,287 MW IPP

•16,562 MW MAXIMUM DEMAND -

(13/05/2013)

•328.716 GWH/DAY HIGHEST ENERGY -

(20/06/2012)

•5,222.4 MW (31.5 %) INSTALLED RESERVE CAPACITY

• TNB - EGAT - (DC Link) - 300 MW & (AC Link) - 86 MW

• TNB - SPPG – (AC Link – 2 X 250 MW) INTERCONNECTION

POWERING THE NATION

New Generation Plant Up

Plant

Janamanjung

Tanjung Bin

Ulu Terengganu

Ulu Jelai

Prai

Type

Coal

Coal

Hydro

Hydro

Gas

COD

March 2015

March 2016

Early 2016

Early 2016

March 2016

Capacity

1000 MW

1000 MW

250 MW

372 MW

1071 MW

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POWERING THE NATION

TYPICAL DAILY LOAD CURVE PATTERN

6,000

7,000

8,000

9,000

10,000

11,000

12,000

13,000

14,000

15,000

0:30

1:30

2:30

3:30

4:30

5:30

6:30

7:30

8:30

9:30

10:30

11:30

12:30

13:30

14:30

15:30

16:30

17:30

18:30

19:30

20:30

21:30

22:30

23:30

Weekday Weekend (Saturday)Weekend (Sunday) Public Holiday (Diwali)Public Holiday (Birthday YDPA Agung) Public Holiday (National Day)Public Holiday (Chinese New Year) Public Holiday (Hari Raya Aidilfitri)

For Discussion Only Slide No. 34

Turbine

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 35

Turbine

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Turbine

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 37

With enclosure

For Discussion Only Slide No. 38

Typical Turbine/Generator Hall

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 39

Power Plant

For Discussion Only Slide No. 40

Power Plant

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 41

Hydro Power Plant

For Discussion Only Slide No. 42

QUIZ No. 1

How much is the electricity tariff rate charged by TNB ?

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 43

For Discussion Only Slide No. 44

QUIZ No. 2 How much will be your electricity bills if you used 2 units of 1HP Air-Cond in your house? *Assumption:- • A/C rated power input : 750W • Operating hours : 5 hours daily (30 days monthly)

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 45

Total Power Consumption = 2 x 750W x 5hrs x 30days (monthly) = 225,000Wh or 225kWh Total Electricity cost = 200kWh x 21.8 sen/KWh + (monthly) 25kWh x 33.4 sen/kWh = RM 43.6 + RM 8.35

= RM 51.95

QUIZ No. 2- Answer

For Discussion Only

Malaysia Electricity Supply

Industry (MESI)

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 47

General Concept

For Discussion Only Slide No. 48

Singapore Market

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 49

For Discussion Only Slide No. 50

PRESENT STRUCTURE OF MALAYSIA ESI

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 51

For Discussion Only Slide No. 52

Challenges in Energy Industry (MESI)

Rising Demand of Developing Countries

Higher Usage of Energy per capita

Fuel prices vs subsidy by government

Reliability and Quality of Supply

Technology limitation – Cannot store

Rising in Fuel Cost – Location of fuel source

Environmental Concern & Mitigation –KYOTO Protocol

Scarcity of Project Site

Project Funding and Risk

Country Policy – Import of technology (e.g Nuclear) & fuels

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 53

MESI Transformation Plan

For Discussion Only Slide No. 54

Others to Come…

Import of LNG

Open Gas Market (

Third Party Access, Gas

Network Code, New Gas Supply Agreement)

Open Market of Electricity

(Intra-nations supply)

Nuclear Power Plant

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For Discussion Only Slide No. 55

QUIZ No. 3

List out the options of power market structure?

For Discussion Only Slide No. 56

Adoption of Social Media Technology and/or Concept for Managing Information and Intelligence

Trends and Challenges of Information Management in Power Generation in Malaysia

The Business of Generating Electricity