Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions and the QCD Matter Phase
The Atom PartChargeLocation ProtonPositive (+)In the nucleus (center core) NeutronNeutral ( ) No...
-
Upload
leon-hopkins -
Category
Documents
-
view
224 -
download
0
Transcript of The Atom PartChargeLocation ProtonPositive (+)In the nucleus (center core) NeutronNeutral ( ) No...
The Atom The Atom Part Charge Location
Proton Positive (+) In the nucleus (center core)
Neutron Neutral ( ) No charge
In the nucleus
Electrons Negative (-) Orbiting around the nucleus
Atom VocabularyAtom Vocabulary
Mass number - sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
Atomic mass - the average mass of all isotopes of an element.
Atomic number - the number of protons in the nucleus.
Isotopes - atoms with the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons. Such as Carbon 12, 13, and 14.
Mass number - sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
Atomic mass - the average mass of all isotopes of an element.
Atomic number - the number of protons in the nucleus.
Isotopes - atoms with the same number of protons and a different number of neutrons. Such as Carbon 12, 13, and 14.
Periodic TablePeriodic Table
Rows are called periods. There are 7.
Columns are called families/groups. There are 18.
Information in one box:Atomic Number 26Element Symbol FeElement Name IronAtomic Mass 55.847
Rows are called periods. There are 7.
Columns are called families/groups. There are 18.
Information in one box:Atomic Number 26Element Symbol FeElement Name IronAtomic Mass 55.847
1st published by Mendeleev in 1869
MetalsMetals
Physical PropertiesLuster - shininessMalleable-hammered or rolled into flat sheets
Ductile-pulled out or drawn into a long wire
Conductivity-ability to transfer heat or electricity
Color-produced when heatedMagnetic-attracted to a magnet
Physical PropertiesLuster - shininessMalleable-hammered or rolled into flat sheets
Ductile-pulled out or drawn into a long wire
Conductivity-ability to transfer heat or electricity
Color-produced when heatedMagnetic-attracted to a magnet
Metals ContinuedMetals Continued
Chemical Properties
Reactivity-ease and speed with which an element combines, or reacts with other elements and compounds
Corrosion-the destruction of a metal (rust)
Chemical Properties
Reactivity-ease and speed with which an element combines, or reacts with other elements and compounds
Corrosion-the destruction of a metal (rust)
Metal Family NamesMetal Family Names
Family 1 - Alkali Metals (react with other elements by losing one electron) ex. Na and K
Family 2 - Alkaline Earth Metals (react with other elements by losing two electrons) ex. Mg and Ca
Families 3-12 - Transition Metals (good conductors of electricity) ex. Fe, Au, Ag, Cu
Family 1 - Alkali Metals (react with other elements by losing one electron) ex. Na and K
Family 2 - Alkaline Earth Metals (react with other elements by losing two electrons) ex. Mg and Ca
Families 3-12 - Transition Metals (good conductors of electricity) ex. Fe, Au, Ag, Cu
Family Names ContinuedFamily Names Continued
Families 13-15 - Metals in Mixed Groups - not as reactive as those elements on the left side of the periodic table
Lanthanides and Actinides - found at the bottom of the periodic table part of period 6 and 7 respectively
Families 13-15 - Metals in Mixed Groups - not as reactive as those elements on the left side of the periodic table
Lanthanides and Actinides - found at the bottom of the periodic table part of period 6 and 7 respectively
NonmetalsNonmetals
Properties:Poor conductorsBrittle - breaks apart easilyDullMost are gasesReactive with other elements
Properties:Poor conductorsBrittle - breaks apart easilyDullMost are gasesReactive with other elements
Nonmetal Family NamesNonmetal Family Names
Family 14 - Carbon Family (can gain lose or share 4 electrons when reacting with other elements) ex. Carbon is contained in anything living or was once living
Family 15 - Nitrogen Family (can gain or share 3 electrons when reacting) ex. Nitrogen - makes up 78% of the air you breathe
Family 16 - Oxygen Family (can gain or share 2 electrons) Oxygen makes up 21% of the air you breathe
Family 14 - Carbon Family (can gain lose or share 4 electrons when reacting with other elements) ex. Carbon is contained in anything living or was once living
Family 15 - Nitrogen Family (can gain or share 3 electrons when reacting) ex. Nitrogen - makes up 78% of the air you breathe
Family 16 - Oxygen Family (can gain or share 2 electrons) Oxygen makes up 21% of the air you breathe
Nonmetal Families Continued
Nonmetal Families Continued
Family 17 - The Halogen Family (can gain or share 1 electron when reacting) **All of the halogens are very reactive ex. F, Cl, Br, I, and At
Family 18 - The Noble Gases (do not ordinarily form compounds because atoms of noble gases do not usually gain, lose, or share electrons) ex: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and Rn
Family 17 - The Halogen Family (can gain or share 1 electron when reacting) **All of the halogens are very reactive ex. F, Cl, Br, I, and At
Family 18 - The Noble Gases (do not ordinarily form compounds because atoms of noble gases do not usually gain, lose, or share electrons) ex: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, and Rn
The MetalloidsThe Metalloids
Metalloids have some characteristics of both metals and nonmetals.
The most useful property of the metalloids is their varying ability to conduct electricity.
Semiconductors - substances that can conduct electricity under some conditions but not under other conditions
Ex. Si, Ge, As
Metalloids have some characteristics of both metals and nonmetals.
The most useful property of the metalloids is their varying ability to conduct electricity.
Semiconductors - substances that can conduct electricity under some conditions but not under other conditions
Ex. Si, Ge, As
Element FactsElement Facts
Iron (Fe) - the blood elementPotassium (K) - found in bananasCalcium (Ca) - necessary for strong teeth and bones
Lead (Pb) - once used in gasoline, pencils and paint
Aluminum (Al) - lightweight metal used in house siding, beverage cans and airplane bodies.
Hydrogen (H) - makes up over 90% of the universe
Iron (Fe) - the blood elementPotassium (K) - found in bananasCalcium (Ca) - necessary for strong teeth and bones
Lead (Pb) - once used in gasoline, pencils and paint
Aluminum (Al) - lightweight metal used in house siding, beverage cans and airplane bodies.
Hydrogen (H) - makes up over 90% of the universe