Text of Allahabad High Court Order on Ayodhya Dispute

8/8/2019 Text of Allahabad High Court Order on Ayodhya Dispute

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Text of Allahabad high court order on Ayodhya

dispute

Sep 30, 2010, 05.49pm IST

Tags:nimrohi akhara|justice sibghat ullah khan|joint possession|ayodhya verdict

GIST OF THE FINDINGS by S.U.Khan J.

1. The disputed structure was constructed as mosque by or under orders of Babar.

2. It is not proved by direct evidence that premises in dispute including constructed portion

belonged to Babar or the person who constructed the mosque or under whose orders it was

constructed.

3. No temple was demolished for constructing the mosque.

4. Mosque was constructed over the ruins of temples which were lying in utter ruins since a very

long time before the construction of mosque and some material thereof was used in constructio

the mosque.

5. That for a very long time till the construction of the mosque it was treated/believed by Hindu

that some where in a very large area of which premises in dispute is a very small part birth plac

Lord Ram was situated, however, the belief did not relate to any specified small area within tha

bigger area specifically the premises in dispute.

6. That after some time of construction of the mosque Hindus started identifying the premises i

dispute as exact birth place of Lord Ram or a place wherein exact birth place was situated.

7. That much before 1855 Ram Chabutra and Seeta Rasoi had come into existence and Hindus w

worshipping in the same. It was very very unique and absolutely unprecedented situation that i

side the boundary wall and compound of the mosque Hindu religious places were there which w

actually being worshipped along with offerings of Namaz by Muslims in the mosque.

8. That in view of the above gist of the finding at serial no.7 both the parties Muslims as well as

Hindus are held to be in joint possession of the entire premises in dispute. 9. That even though

the sake of convenience both the parties i.e. Muslims and Hindus were using and occupying

different portions of the premises in dispute still it did not amount to formal partition and both

continued to be in joint possession of the entire premises in dispute.

10. That both the parties have failed to prove commencement of their title hence by virtue of

Section 110 Evidence Act both are held to be joint title holders on the basis of joint possession.

11. That for some decades before 1949 Hindus started treating/believing the place beneath the

Central dome of mosque (where at present make sift temple stands) to be exact birth place of L

Ram.

12. That idol was placed for the first time beneath the Central dome of the mosque in the early

hours of 23.12.1949.


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13. That in view of the above both the parties are declared to be joint title holders in possession

the entire premises in dispute and a preliminary decree to that effect is passed with the conditio

that at the time of actual partition by meets and bounds at the stage of preparation of final dec

the portion beneath the Central dome where at present make sift temple stands will be allotted

the share of the Hindus.

Order:-

Accordingly, all the three sets of parties, i.e. Muslims, Hindus and Nirmohi Akhara are declared jtitle holders of the property/ premises in dispute as described by letters A B C D E F in the map

I prepared by Sri Shiv Shanker Lal, Pleader/ Commissioner appointed by Court in Suit No.1 to th

extent of one third share each for using and managing the same for worshipping. A preliminary

decree to this effect is passed.

However, it is further declared that the portion below the central dome where at present the ido

kept in makeshift temple will be allotted to Hindus in final decree.

It is further directed that Nirmohi Akhara will be allotted share including that part which is show

the words Ram Chabutra and Sita Rasoi in the said map.

It is further clarified that even though all the three parties are declared to have one third share

each, however if while allotting exact portions some minor adjustment in the share is to be mad

then the same will be made and the adversely affected party may be compensated by allotting

some portion of the adjoining land which has been acquired by the Central Government.

The parties are at liberty to file their suggestions for actual partition by metes and bounds withi

three months.

List immediately after filing of any suggestion/ application for preparation of final decree after

obtaining necessary instructions from Hon'ble the Chief Justice.

Status quo as prevailing till date pursuant to Supreme Court judgment of Ismail Farooqui (1994(

Sec 360) in all its minutest details shall be maintained for a period of three months unless this o

is modified or vacated earlier.

( Relevant paragraphs containing result/directions issued )

4566. In the light of the above and considering overall findings of this Court on various issues,

following directions and/or declaration, are given which in our view would meet the ends of just

(i) It is declared that the area covered by the central dome of the three domed structure, i.e., th

disputed structure being the deity of Bhagwan Ram Janamsthan and place of birth of Lord Rama

per faith and belief of the Hindus, belong to plaintiffs (Suit-5) and shall not be obstructed orinterfered in any manner by the defendants. This area is shown by letters AA BB CC DD is Appe

7 to this judgment.

(ii) The area within the inner courtyard denoted by letters B C D L K J H G in Appendix 7 (exclud

(i) above) belong to members of both the communities, i.e., Hindus (here plaintiffs, Suit-5) and

Muslims since it was being used by both since decades and centuries. It is, however, made clea

that for the purpose of share of plaintiffs, Suit-5 under this direction the area which is covered b

above shall also be included.

(iii) The area covered by the structures, namely, Ram Chabutra, (EE FF GG HH in Appendix 7) Si

Rasoi (MM NN OO PP in Appendix 7) and Bhandar (II JJ KK LL in Appendix 7) in the outer courtyar


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declared in the share of Nirmohi Akhara (defendant no. 3) and they shall be entitled to possessi

thereof in the absence of any person with better title.

(iv) The open area within the outer courtyard (A G H J K L E F in Appendix 7) (except that covere

(iii) above) shall be shared by Nirmohi Akhara (defendant no. 3) and plaintiffs (Suit-5) since it ha

been generally used by the Hindu people for worship at both places.

(iv-a) It is however made clear that the share of muslim parties shall not be less than one third

of the total area of the premises and if necessary it may be given some area of outer courtyardalso made clear that while making partition by metes and bounds, if some minor adjustments a

be made with

respect to the share of different parties, the affected party may be compensated by allotting th

requisite land from the area which is under acquisition of the Government of India.

(v) The land which is available with the Government of India acquired under Ayodhya Act 1993 f

providing it to the parties who are successful in the suit for better enjoyment of the property sh

be made available to the above concerned parties in such manner so that all the three parties m

utilise the area to which they are entitled to, by having separate entry for egress and ingress of

people without disturbing each others rights. For this purpose the concerned parties may approthe Government of India who shall act in accordance with the above directions and also as

contained in the judgement of Apex Court in Dr. Ismail Farooqi (Supra).

(vi) A decree, partly preliminary and partly final, to the effect as said above (i to v) is passed. Su

is decreed in part to the above extent. The parties are at liberty to file their suggestions for actu

partition of the property in dispute in the manner as directed above by metes and bounds by

submitting an application to this effect to the Officer on Special Duty, Ayodhya Bench at Luckno

the Registrar, Lucknow Bench, Lucknow, as the case may be.

(vii) For a period of three months or unless directed otherwise, whichever is earlier, the parties

maintain status quo as on today in respect of property in dispute.

4571. In the result, Suit-1 is partly decreed. Suits 3 and 4 are dismissed. Suit-5 is decreed partly

the peculiar facts and circumstances of the case the parties shall bear their own costs.

From the Judgment of Hon'ble Mr. Justice Sudhir

Agarwal

(Relevant paragraphs containing result/directions issued)

4566. In the light of the above and considering overall findings of this Court on various issues,following directions and/or declaration, are given which in our view would meet the ends of just

(i) It is declared that the area covered by the central dome of the three domed structure, i.e., th

disputed structure being the deity of Bhagwan Ram Janamsthan and place of birth of Lord Rama

per faith and belief of the Hindus, belong to plaintiffs (Suit-5) and shall not be obstructed or

interfered in any manner by the defendants. This area is shown by letters AA BB CC DD is Appe

7 to this judgment.

(ii) The area within the inner courtyard denoted by letters B C D L K J H G in Appendix 7 (exclud

(i) above) belong to members of both the communities, i.e., Hindus (here plaintiffs, Suit-5) and

Muslims since it was being used by both since decades and centuries. It is, however, made clea


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that for the purpose of share of plaintiffs, Suit-5 under this direction the area which is covered b

above shall

also be included.

(iii) The area covered by the structures, namely, Ram Chabutra, (EE FF GG HH in Appendix 7) Si

Rasoi (MM NN OO PP in Appendix 7) and Bhandar (II JJ KK LL in Appendix 7) in the outer courtyar

declared in the share of Nirmohi Akhara (defendant no. 3) and they shall be entitled to possessi

thereof in the absence of any person with better title.

(iv) The open area within the outer courtyard (A G H J K L E F in Appendix 7) (except that covere

(iii) above) shall be shared by Nirmohi Akhara (defendant no. 3) and plaintiffs (Suit-5) since it ha

been generally used by the Hindu people for worship at both places.

(iv-a) It is however made clear that the share of muslim parties shall not be less than one third

of the total area of the premises and if necessary it may be given some area of outer courtyard

also made clear that while making partition by metes and bounds, if some minor adjustments a

be made with

respect to the share of different parties, the affected party may be compensated by allotting threquisite land from the area which is under acquisition of the Government of India.

(v) The land which is available with the Government of India acquired under Ayodhya Act 1993 f

providing it to the parties who are successful in the suit for better enjoyment of the property sh

be made available to the above concerned parties in such manner so that all the three parties m

utilise the area to which they are entitled to, by having separate entry for egress and ingress of

people without disturbing each others rights. For this purpose the concerned parties may appro

the Government of India who shall act in accordance with the above directions and also as

contained in the judgement of Apex Court in Dr. Ismail Farooqi (Supra).

(vi) A decree, partly preliminary and partly final, to the effect as said above (i to v) is passed. Suis decreed in part to the above extent. The parties are at liberty to file their suggestions for actu

partition of the property in dispute in the manner as directed above by metes and bounds by

submitting an application to this effect to the Officer on Special Duty, Ayodhya Bench at Luckno

the Registrar, Lucknow

Bench, Lucknow, as the case may be.

(vii) For a period of three months or unless directed otherwise, whichever is earlier, the parties

maintain status quo as on today in respect of property in dispute.

4571. In the result, Suit-1 is partly decreed. Suits 3 and 4 are dismissed. Suit-5 is decreed partly

the peculiar facts and circumstances of the case the parties shall bear their own costs.

( From the Judgment of Hon'ble Mr. Justice Sudhir

Agarwal )

FINDINGS ON ISSUES

Suit-4

1. Issue 1 (Suit-4) is answered in favour of plaintiffs.


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2. Issue 1(a) (Suit-4) is answered in negative. The plaintiffs have failed to prove that the buildin

in dispute was built by Babar or by Mir Baqi.

3. Issues 1(b), 6, 13, 14 and 27 (Suit-4) are answered in affirmative.

4. Issue 1-B(a) (Suit-4) is answered in affirmative and it is held that the fact that the land in

dispute entered in the records of the authorities as Nazul plot would make things difference.

5. Issue 1-B(b) (Suit-4) is not answered being irrelevant.

6. Issue 1-B(c) (Suit-4)-It is held that building in question was not exclusively used by the memb

of muslim community. After 1856-57 outer courtyard exclusively used by Hindu and inner courty

had been visited for the purpose of worship by the members of both the communities.

7. Issue 2 (Suit-4) is answered in negative, i.e., against the plaintiffs.

8. Issue 3 (Suit-4) is answered in negative, i.e., against the plaintiffs. It is held that Suit-4 is

barred by limitation.

9. Issue 4 (Suit-4)-At least since 1856-57, i.e., after the erection of partition wall the premises in

outer courtyard has not been shown to be used/possessed by muslim parties but so far as the

inner courtyard is concerned it has been used by both the parties.

10. Issue 5(a) (Suit-4) is answered against the plaintiffs.

11. Issue 5(b) (Suit-4) is answered in favour of defendants and Hindu parties in general.

12. Issues 5(c), 7(c), 8, 12, 22 (Suit-4), are answered in negative.

13. Issue 5(d) (Suit-4) is not pressed by the defendants, hence not answered.

14. Issue 5(e) (Suit-4) is decided in favour of plaintiffs subject to that issue 6 (Suit-3) is also dec

in favour of defendants (Suit-3).

15. Issue 5(f) (Suit-4) is answered in negative, i.e., in favour of plaintiffs and against the

defendants.

16. Issue 7(a) (Suit-4) is answered in negative. It is held that there is nothing to show that Maha

Raghubar Das filed Suit-1885 on behalf of Janamsthan and whole body of persons interested

in Janamsthan.

17. Issue 7(b) (Suit-4) is answered in affirmative, i.e., in favour of plaintiffs (Suit-4).

18. Issue 7(d) (Suit-4) is answered in negative to the extent that there is no admission by Maha

Raghubar Das plaintiff of Suit-1885 about the title of Muslims to the property in dispute or

any portion thereof. Consequently, the question of considering its effect does not arise.


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19. Issues 10 and 15 (Suit4) are answered in negative, i.e., against the plaintiffs and muslims in

general.

20. Issue 11 (Suit-4)-It is held that the place of birth as believed and worshipped by Hindus his t

area covered under the central dome of the three domed structure, i.e., the disputed structure

the inner courtyard in the premises of dispute.

21. Issue 16 (Suit-4)-No relief since the suit is liable to be dismissed being barred by limitation.

22. Issue 17 (Suit-4) is answered in negative holding that no valid notification under Section 5(3

U.P. Act No. 13 of 1936 was issued.

23. Issue 18 (Suit-4)-It is held that the decision of the Apex Court in Gulam Abbas Vs. State of U

and others, AIR 1981 SC 2199 does not affect findings on issue 17 (Suit-4) and on the contrary t

same stand supported and strengthen by the said judgment.

24. Issue 19(a) (Suit-4)-It is held that the premises which is believed to be the place of birth of L

Rama continue to vest in the deity but the Hindu religious structures in the outer courtyard can

be said to be the property of plaintiffs (Suit-5).

25. Issue 19(b) (Suit-4) is answered in affirmative to the extent that the building was land locke

and could not be reached except of passing through the passage of Hindu worship. However, th

itself was of no consequence.

26. Issue 19(c) (Suit-4)-It is held that Hindus were worshipping at the place in dispute before

construction of the disputed structure but that would not make any difference to the status of th

building in dispute which came to be constructed at the command of the sole monarch having

supreme power which cannot be adjudicated by a Court of Law, came to be constituted or form

much after, and according to the law which was not applicable at that time.

27. Issue 19(d) and 19(e) (Suit-4) are answered in favour of the plaintiffs.

28. Issue 19(f) (Suit-4)-In so far as the first part is concerned, is answered in affirmative. The se

part is left unanswered being redundant. In the ultimate result the issue is answered in favour o

plaintiffs (Suit-4).

29. Issue 20(a) being irrelevant not answered.

30. Issue 20(b) (Suit-4)-It is held that at the time of attachment of the building there was a

Mutawalli, i.e., one Sri Javvad Hussain and in the absence of Mutawalli relief of possession cann

allowed to plaintiffs who are before the Court in the capacity of worshippers.

31. Issue 21 (Suit-4) is decided in negative, i.e., in favour of the plaintiffs. The suit is not bad for

non-joinder of deities.

32. Issues 23 and 24 (Suit-4) are held that neither the Waqf Board is an instrumentality of State

there is any bar in filing a suit by the Board against the State. It is also not a 'State' under Articl

of the Constitution and can very well represent the interest of one community without infringing

provision of the Constitution.

33. Issues 25 and 26 (Suit-4)-Held that as a result of demolition of the disp0uted structure it can

be said that the suit has rendered not maintainable. Nothing further needs to be answered.


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34. Issue 28 (Suit-4)-It is held that plaintiffs have failed to prove their possession of the disputed

premises, i.e., outer and inner courtyard including the disputed building ever.

Suit-1

1. Issue 1 (Suit-1)-It is held that the place of birth, as believed and worshipped by Hindus, is the

covered under the central dome of the three domed structure, i.e., the disputed structure in the

inner courtyard in the premises of dispute.

2. Issue 2 (Suit-1)- It is held that the idols were kept under the central dome of the disputed

structure within inner courtyard in the night of 22nd/23rd December, 1949 and prior thereto the

same existed in the outer courtyard. Therefore, on 16.01.1950 when Suit-1 was filed the said id

existed in the inner courtyard under the central dome of the disputed structure, i.e., prior to the

filing of the suit. So far as the Charan Paduka is concerned, the said premises existed in the out

courtyard. Since Suit-1 is confined only to the inner courtyard, question of existence of Charan

Paduka on the site in suit does not arise.

3. Issues 3 and 4 (Suit-1)-It is held that plaintiffs have right to worship. The place in suit to the

extent it has been held by this Court to be the birthplace of Lord Rama and if an idol is also placin such a place the same can also be worshipped, but this is subject to reasonable restrictions l

security, safety, maintenance etc.

4. Issues 5(a), 5(c), 5(d), 9(c) and 11(a) (Suit-1) are answered in negative.

5. Issue 5(b) (Suit-1)-Held, the Suit 1885 was decided against Mahant Raghubar Das and he was

granted any relief by the respective courts, and, no more.

6. Issue 6 (Suit-1) is answered in negative. The defendants have failed to prove that the propert

dispute was constructed by Shahanshah/Emperor Babar in 1528 AD.

7. Issue 7 (Suit-1) is decided in negative, i.e., against the defendants muslim parties.

8. Issue 8 (Suit-1) is answered in negative. Suit is not barred by proviso to Section 42 of Specific

Relief Act, 1963.

9. Issue 9 (Suit-1) is decided in favour of plaintiffs (Suit-1).

10. Issue 9(a) (Suit-1) is answered in favour of plaintiffs (Suit-1).

11. Issue 9(b) (Suit-1) is answered against the plaintiffs.

12. Issue 10 (Suit-1) is answered in negative, i.e., in favour of plaintiffs of Suit-1.

13. Issue 11(b) (Suit-1) is answered in affirmative.

14. Issue 12, 13, 15, 16 and 21 (Suit-1) are answered in negative, i.e., in favour of the plaintiffs

(Suit-1).

15. Issue 14 (Suit-1) has become redundant after dismissal of Suit No. 25 of 1950 as withdrawn

16. Issue 17 (suit-1)-The plaintiffs is declared to have right of worship at the site in dispute inclu

the part of the land which is held by this Court to be the place of birth of Lord Rama according t

faith and belief of Hindus but this right is subject to such restrictions as may be necessary by

authorities concerned in regard to law and order, i.e., safety, security and also for the maintena

of place of worship etc. The plaintiffs is not entitled for any other relief.


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Suit-3

1. Issue 1 and 16 (Suit-3) are answered in negative.

2. Issue 2, 3, 4 and 9 (Suit-3) are answered in negative, i.e., against the plaintiffs.

3. Issue 5 (Suit-3) is answered in negative. The defendants have filed to prove that the property

in dispute was constructed by Shahanshah/Emperor Babar in 1528 AD.

4. Issue 6 (Suit-3) is not proved hence answered in negative.

5. Issue 7(a) and 7(b) (Suit-3) are answered in negative, i.e., in favour of plaintiffs and against

the defendants in Suit-3.

6. Issue 8 (Suit-3) is decided in negative.

7. Issue 10 (Suit-3) is decided in favour of plaintiff. It is also held that a private defendant canno

raise objection of maintainability of suit for want of notice under Section 80 CPC.

8. Issue 11 and 12 (Suit-3) are decided in negative, i.e., in favour of plaintiffs.

9. Issue 13 (Suit-3)-The plaintiff is not entitled for any relief in view of the findings in respect of

issues 2, 3, 4, 14 and 19.

10. Issue 14 (Suit-3) is answered in affirmative. It is held that the suit as framed is not

maintainable.

11. Issue 15 (Suit-3) is answered in affirmative, i.e., in favour of plaintiffs (Suit-3).

12. Issue 17 (Suit-3) is decided in favour of plaintiffs. Nirmohi Akhara is held a Panchayati Mat

of Ramanandi Sect of Bairagi, is a religious denomination following its religious faith and

pursuit according to its own customs. However, its continuance at Ayodhya is found sometime

after 1734 AD and not earlier thereto.

Suit-5

1. Issue 1 (Suit-5) is answered in affirmative. Plaintiffs 1 and 2 both are juridical persons.

2. Issue 2 (Suit-5) is not answered as it is not necessary for the dispute in the case.

3. Issue 3(a) (Suit-5) is answered in affirmative. The idols were installed under the central dome

of the disputed building in the early hours of 23rd December, 1949.

4. Issue 3(b), 3(d), 5, 10, 11, 14 and 24 (Suit-5) are answered in affirmative.

5. Issues 3(c), 7, 19, 23 and 28 (Suit-5) are answered in negative.

6. Issue 4 (Suit-5) is answered in negative. The idol in question kept under the Shikhar existed

there prior to 6th December, 1992 but not from time immemorial and instead kept thereat in th


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night of 22nd/23rd December, 1949.

7. Issue 6 (Suit-5) is decided in negative, i.e., in favour of plaintiffs (Suit-5).

8. Issue 8 (Suit-5) is answered against the defendant no. 3, Nirmohi Akhara.

9. Issue 9 (Suit-5) is answered against the plaintiffs.

10. Issue 13 (Suit-5) is answered in negative, i.e., in favour of plaintiffs. It is held that suit is not

barred by limitation.

11. Issue 15 (Suit-5)-It is held that the muslims atleast from 1860 and onwards have visited the

inner courtyard in the premises in dispute and have offered Namaj thereat. The last Namaj was

offered on 16th December, 1949.

12. Issue 16 (Suit-5)-Neither the title of plaintiffs 1 and 2 ever extinguished nor the question of

reacquisition thereof ever arise.

13. Issue 18 (Suit-5) is answered in negative, i.e., against the defendants no. 3, 4 and 5.

14. Issue 20 (Suit-5) is not answered being unnecessary for the dispute in the case in hand.

15. Issue 21 (Suit-5) is answered in negative, i.e., against the defendants no. 4 and 5.

16. Issue 22 (Suit-5)-It is held that the place of birth as believed and worshipped by Hindus his

the area covered under the central dome of the three domed structure, i.e., the disputed

structure in the inner courtyard in the premises of dispute.

17. Issue 25 (Suit-5) is answered in affirmative. It is held that the judgement dated 30.03.1946

Suit No. 29 of 1949 is not binding upon the plaintiffs (suit-5).

18. Issues 26 and 27 (Suit-5) are answered in negative, i.e., in favour of plaintiffs (Suit-5).

19. Issue 29 (Suit-5) is answered in negative, i.e., in favour of plaintiffs.

20. Issue 30 (Suit-5)-The suit is partly decreed in the manner the directions are issued in

para 4566.

Gist on some point

1. The area covered under the central dome of the disputed structu

is

the birthplace of Lord Rama as per faith and belief of Hindus.


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2. Disputed structure was always treated, considered and believed

be

a mosque and practised by Mohammedans for worship accordingly

However, it has not been proved that it was built during the reign

Babar

in 1528.

3. In the absence of any otherwise pleadings and material it is

difficult

to hold as to when and by whom the disputed structure was

constructed but

this much is clear that the same was constructed before the visit o

Joseph

Tieffenthaler in Oudh area between 1766 to 1771.

4. The building in dispute was constructed after demolition of Non-

Islamic religious structure, i.e., a Hindu temple.

5. The idols were kept under the central dome of the disputed

structure

in the night of 22nd/23rd December 1949.

Other Original Suits no. 3 of 1989 and 4 of 1989 are barred by limitation.

ISSUES FRAMED

Suit-4 :

Issue No. 1:- Whether the building in question described as mosque in the sketch map attached

the plaint (hereinafter referred to as the building) was a mosque as claimed by the plaintiffs? If

answer is in the affirmative-

(a) When was it built and by whom-whether by Babar as alleged by the plaintiffs or by Meer

Baqi as alleged by defendant no.13?

(b) Whether the building had been constructed on the site of an alleged Hindu temple after

demolishing the same as alleged by defendant no.13? If so, its effect?


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Issue No. 1-B(a) :-Whether the building existed at Nazul plot no. 583 of the Khasra of the year

1931 of Mohalla Kot Ram Chandra known as Ram Kot, City Ayodhya (Nazul Estate) Ayodhya? If

so its effect thereon?

Issue No. 1-B(b) :-Whether the building stood dedicated to almighty God as alleged by the

plaintiffs?

Issue No. 1-B(c) :-Whether the building had been used by the members of the Muslim communit

for offering prayers from times immemorial? If so, its effect?

Issue No. 2 :-Whether the plaintiffs were in possession of the property in suit upto 1949 and wer

dispossessed from the same in 1949 as alleged in the plaint?

Issue No. 3 :- Is the suit within time?

Issue No. 4 :-Whether the Hindus in general and the devotees of Bhagwan Sri Ram in particular

have perfected right of prayers at the site by adverse and continuous possession as of right for

more than the statutory period of time by way of prescription as alleged by the defendants?

Issue No. 5 :- (a)Are the defendants estopped from challenging the character of property in suit

a waqf under the administration of plaintiff no.1 in view of the provision of 5(3) of U.P. Act 13 of

1936?

(b) Has the said Act no application to the right of Hindus in general and defendants in

particular, to the right of their worship?

(c) Were the proceedings under the said Act conclusive?

(d) Are the said provision of Act XIII of 1936 ultra-vires as alleged in written statement?

(e) Whether in view of the findings recorded by the learned Civil Judge on 21.4.1966 on issue

no.17 to the effect that "No valid notification under section 5(1) of the Muslim Waqf Act ( No.

XIII of 1936) was ever made in respect of the property in dispute", the plaintiff Sunni Central

Board of Waqf has no right to maintain the present suit?

(f) Whether in view of the aforesaid finding, the suit is barred on account of lack of

jurisdiction and limitation as it was filed after the commencement of the U.P. Muslim Waqf Act,

1960?

Issue No. 6 :-Whether the present suit is a representative suit, plaintiffs representing the interes

the Muslims and defendants representing the interest of the Hindus?

Issue No. 7 :- (a) Whether Mahant Raghubar Dass, plaintiff of Suit No. 61/280 of 1885 had sued


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on behalf of Janma Sthan and whole body of persons interested in Janma-Sthan?

(b) Whether Mohammad Asghar was the Mutwalli of alleged Babri Masjid and did he contest

the suit for and on behalf of any such mosque?

(c) Whether in view of the judgment in the said suit, the members of the Hindu community,

including the contesting defendants, are estopped from denying the title of the Muslim commun

including the plaintiffs of the present suit, to the property in dispute? If so, its effect?

(d) Whether in the aforesaid suit, title of the Muslims to the property in dispute or any portion

thereof was admitted by plaintiff of the that suit? If so, its effect?

Issue No. 8 :-Does the judgment of case No. 6/281 of 1881, Mahant Raghubar Dass Vs. Secretar

State and others operate as res judicata against the defendants in suit?

Issue No. 9 :- Deleted vide order dated May 22/25, 1990

Issue No. 10 :-Whether the plaintiffs have perfected their rights by adverse possession as allege

in the plaint?

Issue No. 11 :-Is the property in suit the site of Janam Bhumi of Sri Ram Chandraji?

Issue No. 12 :-Whether idols and objects of worship were placed inside the building in the night

intervening 22nd and 23rd December 1949 as alleged in paragraph 11 of the plaint or they hav

been in existence there since before? In either case, effect?

Issue No. 13 :-Whether the Hindus in general and defendants in particular had the right to wors

the Charans and 'Sita Rasoi' and other idols and other objects of worship, if any, existing in or

upon the property in suit?

Issue No. 14 :-Have the Hindus been worshipping the place in dispute as Sri Ram Janam Bhumi o

Janam Asthan and have been visiting it as a sacred place of pilgrimage as of right since times

immemorial? If so, its effect?

Issue No. 15 :-Have the Muslims been in possession of the property in suit from 1528 A.D.continuously, openly and to the knowledge of the defendants and Hindus in general? If so, its

effect?

Issue No. 16 :-To what relief, if any, are the plaintiffs or any of them, entitled?

Issue No. 17 :-Whether a valid notification under Section 5(1) of the U.P. Muslim Waqf Act No.

XIII of 1936 relating to the property in suit was ever done? If so, its effect?

Issue No. 18 :-What is the effect of the judgment of their Lordships of the Supreme Court in


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Gulam Abbas and others vs. State of U.P. and others, AIR 1981 Supreme Court 2198 on the

finding of the learned Civil Judge recorded on 21st April, 1966 on issue no. 17?

Issue No. 19(a) :-Whether even after construction of the building in suit Deities of Bhagwan Sri

Ram Virajman and the Asthan, Sri Ram Janam Bhumi continued to exist on the property in suit a

alleged on behalf of defendant no.13 and the said places continued to be visited by devotees fo

purposes of worship? If so, whether the property in dispute continued to vest in the said Deities

Issue No. 19(b) :-Whether the building was land-locked and cannot be reached except by passin

through places of Hindu worship? If so, its effect?

Issue No. 19(c) :-Whether any portion of the property in suit was used as a place of worship by t

Hindus immediately prior to the construction of the building in question? If the finding is in the

affirmative, whether no mosque could come into existence in view of the Islamic tenets at the

place in dispute?

Issue No. 19(d) :-Whether the building in question could not be a mosque under the Islamic Law

in view of the admitted position that it did not have minarets?

Issue No. 19(e) :-Whether the building in question could not legally be a mosque as on plaintiffs

own showing it was surrounded by a graveyard on three sides?

Issue No. 19(f) :-Whether the pillars inside and outside the building in question contain images o

Hindu Gods and Goddesses? If the finding is in the affirmative, whether on that account the

building in question cannot have the character of Mosque under the tenets of Islam?

Issue No. 20(a) :-Whether the Wqaf in question cannot be a Sunni Waqf as the building was not

allegedly constructed by a Sunni Mohammedan but was allegedly constructed by Meer Baqi who

was allegedly a Shia Muslim and the alleged Mutwallis were allegedly Shia Mohammedans? If so

its effect?

Issue No. 20(b) :-Whether there was a Mutwalli of the alleged Waqf and whether the alleged

Mutwalli not having joined in the suit, the suit is not maintainable so far as it relates to relief for

possession?

Issue No. 21 :-Whether the suit is bad for non-joinder of alleged Deities?

Issue No. 22 :-Whether the suit is liable to be dismissed with special costs?

Issue No. 23 :-Whether the Waqf board is an instrumentality of State? If so, whether the said

Board can file a suit against the State itself?


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Issue No. 24 :-If the Waqf Board is State under Article 12 of the Constitution? If so, the said Boar

being the State can file any suit in representative capacity sponsoring the case of particular

community and against the interest of another community?

Issue No. 25 :-Whether demolition of the disputed structure as claimed by the plaintiff, it can sti

be called a mosque and if not whether the claim of the plaintiffs is liable to be dismissed as no

longer maintainable

Issue No. 26 :-Whether Muslims can use the open site as mosque to offer prayer when structure

which stood thereon has been demolished

Issue No. 27 :-Whether the courtyard contained Ram Chabutara, Bhandar and Sita Rasoi If so,

whether they were also demolished on 6.12.1992 along with the main temple?

Issue No. 28 :-Whether the defendant no.3 has ever been in possession of the disputed site and

plaintiffs were never in its possession?

Suit-1 :

Issue No. 1 :- Is the property in suit the site of Janam Bhumi of Sri Ram Chandra Ji?

Issue No. 2 :-Are there any idols of Bhagwan Ram Chandra Ji and are His Charan Paduka situate

in the site in suit?

Issue No. 3 :-Has the plaintiff any right to worship the 'Charan Paduka' and the idols situated in

the site in suit.

Issue No. 4 :-Has the plaintiff the right to have Darshan of the place in suit?

Issue No. 5(a) :-Was the property in suit involved in Original Suit No. 61/280 of 1885 in the cour

of Sub -Judge, Faizabad, Raghubar Das Mahant Vs. Secretary of State for India and others?

5(b) Was it decided against the plaintiff?

5(c) Was the suit within the knowledge of Hindus in general and were all Hindus interested in th

same?5(d) Does the decision in same bar the present suit by principles of res judicata and in any othe

way?

Issue No. 6 :- Is the property in suit a mosque constructed by Shanshah Babar commonly known

Babri Mosque, in 1528 A.D.?

Issue No. 7 :-Have the Muslims been in possession of the property in suit from 1528 A.D.

continuously, openly and to the knowledge of plff and Hindus in general? If so, its effect?

Issue No. 8 :- Is the suit barred by proviso to Section 42 Specific Relief Act?


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Issue No. 9 :- Is the suit barred by provision of Section 5(3) of the Muslim Waqfs Act (U.P. Act 13

1936)?

9(a). Has the said Act no application to the right of Hindus in general and plaintiff of the present

suit , in particular to his right of worship?

9(b). Were the proceedings under the said Act, referred to in written statement para 15, collusiv

so its effect?

9(c) Are the said provisions of the U.P. Act 13 of 1936 ultra vires for reasons given in the

statement of plaintiff's counsel dated 9.3.62 recorded on paper no. 454-A? Issue No. 10 :-Is the

present suit barred by time?

Issue No. 11 :-(a) Are the provisions of section 91 C.P.C. applicable to present suit? If so, is the

suit bad for want of consent in writing by the Advocate General?

(b) Are the rights set up by the plaintiff in this suit independent of the provisions of section 91 C

If not, its effect.

Issue No. 12 :-Is the suit bad for want of steps and notice under Order 1, Rule 8 CPC? If so, its ef

Issue No. 13 :-Is the suit no. 2 of 50 Shri Gopal Singh Visharad Vs. Zahoor Ahmad bad for want o

notice under Section 80 CPC.

Issue No. 14 :-Is the suit no. 25 of 50 Param Hans Ram Chandra Vs. Zahoor Ahmad bad for want

of valid notice under section 80 CPC?

Issue No. 15 :-Is the suit bad for non-joinder of defendants?

Issue No. 16 :-Are the defendants or any of them entitled to special costs under Section 35-A C.

Issue No. 17 :-To what reliefs, if any, is the plaintiff entitled?

Suit-3:

Issue No. 1 :- Is there a temple of Janam Bhumi with idols installed therein as alleged in para 3 o

plaint.

Issue No. 2 :-Does the property in suit belong to the plaintiff no.1?

Issue No. 3 :-Have plaintiffs acquired title by adverse possession for over 12 years?

Issue No. 4 :-Are plaintiffs entitled to get management and charge of the said temple?

Issue No. 5 :- Is the property in suit a mosque made by Emperor Babar known as Babari Masjid?

Issue No. 6 :-Was this alleged mosque dedicated by Emperor Babar for worship by Muslims in

general and made a public waqf property?

Issue No. 7 :- (a) Has there been a notification under Muslim Waqf Act Act No. 13 of 1936)

declaring this property in suit as a Sunni Waqf?


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(b) Is the said notification final and binding? Its effect?

Issue No. 8 :-Have the rights of the plaintiffs extinguished for want of possession for over 12 yea

prior to the suit?

Issue No. 9 :- Is the suit within time?

Issue No. 10 :-(a) Is the suit bad for want of notice u/s 80 C?

(b) Is the above plea available to contesting defendants?

Issue No. 11 :-Is the suit bad for non-joinder of necessary defendants?

Issue No. 12 :-Are defendants entitled to special costs u/s 35 CPC?

Issue No. 13 :-To what relief, if any, is the plaintiff entitled?

Issue No. 14 :-Is the suit not maintainable as framed?

Issue No. 15 :-Is the suit property valued and court fee paid sufficient?

Issue No. 16 :-Is the suit bad for want of notice u/s 83 of U.P. Act 13 of 1936?

Issue No. 17 :-Whether Nirmohi Akhara, plaintiff, is Panchayati Math of Rama Nand sect of

Bairagis and as such is a religious denomination following its religious faith and persuit accordin

to its own custom?

Suit-5:

Issue No. 1 :-Whether the plaintiffs 1 and 2 are juridical persons?

Issue No. 2 :-Whether the suit in the name of Deities described in the plaint as plaintiffs 1 and 2

not maintainable through plaintiff no.3 as next friend?

Issue No. 3 :- (a) Whether the idol in question was installed under the central dome of the dispu

building (since demolished) in the early hours of December 23, 1949 as alleged by the plaintiff

paragraph 27 of the plaint as clarified in their statement under Order 10 Rule 2 C.P.C.

(b) Whether the same idol was reinstalled at the same place on a Chabutara under the canopy?

(c) Whether the idols were placed at the disputed site on or after 6.12.1992 in violation of thecourts order dated 14.8.1989 and 15.11.91?

(d) If the aforesaid issue is answered in the affirmative, whether the idols so placed still acquire

the status of a deity.

Issue No. 4 :-Whether the idol in question had been in existence under the "Shikhar" prior to

6.12.92 from time immemorial as alleged in paragraph 44 of the additional written statement o

defendant no.3?


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Issue No. 5 :- Is the property in question properly identified and described in the plaint?

Issue No. 6 :- Is the plaintiff no.3 not entitled to represent the plaintiffs 1 and 2 as their next frie

and is the suit not competent on this account?

Issue No. 7 :-Whether the defendant no.3 alone is entitled to represent plaintiffs 1 and 2, and is

suit not competent on that account as alleged in paragraph 49 of the additional written stateme

defendant no.3?

Issue No. 8 :- Is the defendant Nirmohi Akhara the "Shebait" of Bhagwan Sri Ram installed in the

disputed structure?

Issue No. 9 :-Was the disputed structure a mosque known as Babri Masjid?

Issue No. 10 :-Whether the disputed structure could be treated to be a mosque on the allegatio

contained in paragraph 24 of the plaint?

Issue No. 11 :-Whether on the averments made in paragraph 25 of the plaint, no valid waqf was

created in respect of the structure in dispute to constitute it as a mosque?

Issue No. 12:- Deleted vide order dated 23.02.1996.

Issue No. 13 :-Whether the suit is barred by limitation?

Issue No. 14 :-Whether the disputed structure claimed to be Babri Masjid was erected after

demolishing Janma Sthan temple at its site.

Issue No. 15 :-Whether the disputed structure claimed to be Babri Masjid was always used by th

Muslims only regularly for offering Namaz ever since its alleged construction in 1528 A.D. to

22nd December 1949 as alleged by the defendants 4 and 5?

Issue No. 16 :-Whether the title of plaintiffs 1 and 2, if any, was extinguished as alleged in

paragraph 25 of the written statement of defendant no.4? If yes, have plaintiffs 1 and 2 reacqui

title by adverse possession as alleged in paragraph 29 of the plaint?

Issue No. 17:- Deleted vide order dated 23.02.1996.

Issue No. 18:-Whether the suit is barred by section 34 of the Specific Relief Act as alleged in

paragraph 42 of the additional written statement of defendant no.3 and also as alleged in parag

47 of the written statement of defendant no.4 and paragraph 62 of the written statement of

defendant no. 5?

Issue No. 19 :-Whether the suit is bad for non-joinder of necessary parties, as pleaded in paragr

43 of the additional written statement of defendant no.3?


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Issue No. 20 :-Whether the alleged Trust creating the Nyas , defendant no.21, is void on the fac

and grounds stated in paragraph 47 of the written statement of defendant no.3?

Issue No. 21 :-Whether the idols in question cannot be treated as Deities as alleged in pragraph

1,11,12,21,22, 27 and 41 of the written statement of defendant no.4 and in paragraph 1 of the

written statement of defendant no.5?

Issue No. 22 :-Whether the premises in question or any part thereof is by tradition, belief and fa

the birth place of Lord Rama as alleged in paragraphs 19 and 20 of the plaint? If so, its effect?

Issue No. 23 :-Whether the judgment in suit no. 61/280 of 1885 filed by Mahant Raghubar Das in

the Court of Special Judge, Faizabad is binding upon the plaintiffs by application of the principle

of estoppel and res judicata as alleged by the defendants 4 and 5?

Issue No. 24 :-Whether worship has been done of the alleged plaintiff Deity on the premises in s

since time immemorial as alleged in para 25 of the plaint?

Issue No. 25 :-Whether the judgment and decree dated 30th March 1946 passed in Suit No. 29 o

1945 is not binding upon the plaintiffs as alleged by the plaintiffs?

Issue No. 26 :-Whether the suit is bad for want of notice under section 80 C.P.C. as alleged by th

defendants 4 and 5?

Issue No. 27 :-Whether the plea of suit being bad for want of notice under Section 80 CPC can b

raised by defendants 4 and 5?

Issue No. 28 :-Whether the suit is bad for want of notice under Section 65 of the U.P. Muslim

Waqfs Act, 1960 as alleged by defendants 4 and 5? If so, its effect.

Issue No. 29 :-Whether the plaintiffs are precluded from bringing the present suit on account of

dismissal of suit no. 57 of 1978 (Bhagwan Sri Ram Lala Vs. State) of the Court of Munsif Sadar,

Faizabad?

Issue No. 30 :-To what relief, if any, are plaintiffs or any of them entitled?

1

BRIEF SUMMARY

Subject matter of the decided cases

OOS No. 1 of 1989 Shri Gopal Singh Visharad Vs. Zahur Ahmad and 8 others, OOS No. 3 of 1989

Nirmohi Aakhada etc. Vs. Baboo Priya Dutt Ram and others, OOS No. 4 of 1989 Sunni central Bo

of Waqfs U.P. Lucknow and others Vs. Gopal Singh Visharad and others and O.O.S.No. 5 of 1989

Bhagwan Sri Ram Virajman at Ayodhya and others Vs. Rajendra Singh and others were filed bef


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the Court of Civil Judge, Faizabad. Thereafter on the request of State of U.P. the cases were

transferred to this Court and Hon'ble the Chief Justice constituted special Bench. Government o

India decided to acquire all area of the disputed property and the suits were abated. Thereafter

apex court directed this Court to decide the case as per judgement in Dr.M. Ismail Faruqui and

others Vs. Union of India and others reported in (1994) 6 SCC 360.

OOS No. 4 of 1989 (Reg. Suit No.12-61)

The Sunni Central Board of Waqfs U.P., Lucknow & others Versus Gopal Singh Visharad and othe

The instant suit has been filed for declaration in the year 1961

and thereafter in the year 1995 through amendment relief for possession was added.

Plaint case in brief is that about 443 years ago Babur built a mosque at Ayodhya and also grant

cash grant from royal treasury for maintenance of Babri Mosque. It was damaged in the year 19

during communal riots and thereafter on 23.12.1949 large crowd of Hindus desecrated the mos

by placing idols inside the mosque. The disputed property was attached under Section 145

Cr.P.C.and

thereafter the suit was filed for declaration and for delivery of possession beyond the period of

limitation.

2

On behalf of the defendants separate written statements were filed alleging that structure is no

mosque and it was constructed after demolishing the temple against the tenets of Islam. The A.

report was obtained which proved the earlier construction of religious nature.

On the basis of the report of the Archeological Survey of India massive structure of religious nat

is required to be maintained as national monument under the Ancient Monument Archeological

and Remains Act, 1958. The Apex Court in Rajiv Mankotia Vs. Secretary to the President of India

others, AIR 1997 Supreme Court page 2766 at para 21 directed the Government of India to mai

such national monuments. Thus, it is mandatory on the part of the Central Government to comp

with the provisions of Act No. 24 of 1958 and ensure to maintain the dignity and cultural heritag

this country . On behalf of some of the defendants, it was alleged that not only in the outer

courtyard but also in the inner courtyard people used to worship the birth place of deity and it ibeing worshipped from times immemorial. The Court dismissed the suit. Issue wise finding is as

under;

O.O.S. No.

4 of 1989

Issues No. 1 and 1(a)

1. Whether the building in question described as mosque in the sketch map attached to the plai

(hereinafter referred to as the building) was a mosque as claimed by the plaintiffs? If the answe

in the affirmative?


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1(a) When was it built and by whom-whether by Babar as alleged by the plaintiffs or by Meer Ba

alleged by defendant No. 13?

Decided in favour of defendants and against the plaintiffs.

3

Issues No. 1(b)

1(b) Whether the building had been constructed on the site of an alleged Hindu temple after

demolishing the same as alleged by defendant No. 13? If so, its effect?

Decided in favour of defendants and against the plaintiffs on the basis of A.S.I. Report.

1(A). Whether the land adjoining the building on the east, north and south sides, denoted by let

EFGH on the sketch map, was an ancient graveyard and mosque as alleged in para 2 of the plai

so, its effect?

Deleted vide courts order dated 23.2.96.

Issues No. 1(B)a

1-B(a). Whether the building existed at Nazul plot no. 583 of the Khasra of the year 1931 of Moh

Kot Ram Chandra known as Ram Kot, city Ahodhya (Nazul estate of Ayodhya ? If so its effect

thereon)"

Property existed on Nazul Plot No. 583 belonging to Government.

Issues No. 1(B)(b)

1B(b).Whether the building stood dedicated to almighty God as alleged by the plaintiffs?

Decided against the plaintiffs.

Issues No. 1(B)(c)

1-B (c ).Whether the building had been used by the members of the Muslim community for offer

prayers from times immemorial ? If so, its effect?


Issues No. 1(B)(d)

1-B(d).Whether the alleged graveyard has been used by the members of Muslim community for

burying the dead bodies of the members of the Muslim community? If so, its effect?

4

Issue 1 B (d) deleted vide court order dated 23.2.96.

Issues No. 2, 4, 10, 15 & 28

2. Whether the plaintiffs were in possession of the property in suit upto 1949 and were disposse

from the same in 1949 as alleged in the plaint?


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4. Whether the Hindus in general and the devotees of Bhagwan Sri Ram in particular have perfe

right of prayers at the site by adverse and continuous possession as of right for more than the

statutory period of time by way of prescription as alleged by the defendants?

10. Whether the plaintiffs have perfected their rights by adverse

possession as alleged in the plaint?

15. Have the Muslims been in possession of the property in suit from 1528 A.D. Continuously, oand to the knowledge of the defendants and Hindus in general? If so, its effect?

28. "Whether the defendant No. 3 has ever been in possession of the disputed site and the plain

were never in its possession?"

These issues are decided against the plaintiffs.

Issues No. 3

3. Is the suit within time?

Decided against the plaintiffs and in favour of defendants.

Issues No. 5(a)

5(a) Are the defendants estopped from challenging the character of property in suit as a waqf u

the administration of plaintiff No. 1 in view of the provision of 5(3) of U.P. Act 13 of 1936?

(This issue has already been decided in the negative vide

order dated 21.4.1966 by the learned Civil Judge).

Issues No. 5(b)

5(b). Has the said Act no application to the right of Hindus in general and defendants in particul

to the right of their worship?


5

Issues No. 5(c)

5(c). Were the proceedings under the said Act conclusive?

(This issue has already been decided in the negative vide order dated 21.4.1966 by the learned

Judge.)

Issues No. 5(d)

5(d). Are the said provision of Act XIII of 1936 ultra-vires as alleged in written statement?

(This issue was not pressed by counsel for the defendants, hence not answered by the learned C

Judge, vide his order dated 21.4.1966).

Issues No. 5(e) and 5(f)

5(e). Whether in view of the findings recorded by the learned Civil Judge on 21.4.1966 on issue

17 to the effect that, "No valid notification under section 5(1) of the Muslim Waqf Act (No. XIII of


22/36

1936) was ever made in respect of the property in dispute", the plaintiff Sunni Central Board of

Waqf has no right to maintain the present suit?

5(f). Whether in view of the aforesaid finding, the suit is barred on accunt of lack of jurisdiction

limitation as it was filed after the commencement of the U.P. Muslim Waqf Act,

1960?

Both these issues are decided against the Plaintiffs.

Issue No. 6

6. Whether the present suit is a representative suit, plaintiffs representing the interest of the

Muslims and defendants representing the interest of the Hindus?

Decided in favour of plaintiffs and against the defendants.

Issue No. 7(a)

7(a). Whether Mahant Raghubar Dass, plaintiff of Suit No. 61/280 of 1885 had sued on behalf of

Janma-Sthan and whole body of persons interested in Janma-Sthan?

Decided against the plaintiffs and in favour of the defendants.

6

Issue No. 7(b)

7(b). Whether Mohammad Asghar was the Mutwalli of alleged Babri Masjid and did he contest th

suit for and on behalf of any such mosque?


Issue No. 7(c)

7(c). Whether in view of the judgment in the said suit, the

members of the Hindu community, including the contesting

defendants, are estopped from denying the title of the

Muslim community, including the plaintiffs of the present

suit, to the property in dispute? If so, its effect?


Issue No. 7(d)

7(d). Whether in the aforesaid suit, title of the Muslims to the property in dispute or any portion

thereof was admitted by plaintiff of that suit? If so, its effect?


Issue No. 8

8. Does the judgment of Case No. 6/281 of 1881, Mahant Raghubar Dass Vs. Secretary of State

others, operate as res judicate against the defendants in suit?


23/36

Decided against the plaintiffs and this judgment will not operate as resjudicata against the

defendants in suit.

Issue No.9

9. Whether the plaintiffs served valid notices under Sec. 80

C.P.C. (Deleted vide order dated May 22/25, 1990).

7

Issues No.11, 13, 14, 19(a) & 19(c)

11. Is the property in suit the site of Janam Bhumi of Sri Ram Chandraji?

13. Whether the Hindus in general and defendants in particular had the right to worship the Cha

and 'Sita Rasoi' and other idols and other objects of worship, if any, existing in or upon the prop

in suit?

14. Have the Hindus been worshipping the place in dispute as Sri Ram Janam Bhumi or Janam

Asthan and have been visiting it as a sacred place of pilgrimage as of right since times immemoIf so, its effect?

19(a).Whether even after construction of the building in suit deities of Bhagwan Sri Ram Virajma

and the Asthan Sri Ram Janam Bhumi continued to exist on the property in suit as alleged on be

of defendant No. 13 and the said places continued to be visisted by devotees for purposes of

worship? If so, whether the property in dispute continued to vest in the said deities?

19(c). Whether any portion of the property in suit was used as a place of worship by the Hindus

immediately prior to the construction of the building in question? If the finding is in the affirmat

whether no mosque could come into existence in view of the Islamic tenets, at the place in disp


Issue No.12

12. Whether idols and objects of worship were placed inside the building in the night intervenin

22nd and 23rd December, 1949 as alleged in paragraph 11 of the plaint or they have been in

existence there since before? In either case, effect?

Idols were installed in the building in the intervening night of 22/23rd December, 1949.

8

Issue No.17

17. Whether a valid notification under Section 5(1) of the U.P.

Muslim Waqf Act No. XIII of 1936 relating to the property in

suit was ever done? If so, its effect?

(This issue has already been decided by the learned Civil Judge by order dated 21.4.1966).

Issue No.18


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18. What is the effect of the judgdment of their lordships of the Supreme Court in Gulam Abbas

others Vs. State of U.P. and others, A.I.R. 1981 Supreme Court 2198 on the finding of the learne

Civil Judge recorded on 21st April, 1966 on issue no. 17?


Issue No.19(b)

19(b). Whether the building was land-locked and cannot be reached except by passing through

places of Hindu worship? If so, its effect?


Issue No.19(d)

19(d). Whether the building in question could not be a mosque under the Islamic Law in view of

admitted position that it did not have minarets?


Issue No. 19(e)

19(e).Whether the building in question could not legally be a mosque as on plaintiffs own showi

was surrounded by a 9 graveyard on three sides.


Issues No.19(F)

19(F).Whether the pillars inside and outside the building in question contain images of Hindu Go

and Goddesses? If the finding is in the affirmative, whether on that account the building in quescannot have the character of Mosque under the tenets of Islam?

Decided against the plaintiffs and in favour of the

defendants.

Issue No.20(a)

20(a). Whether the Waqf in question cannot be a Sunni Waqf as the building was not allegedly

constructed by a Sunni Mohammedan but was allegedly constructed by Meer Baqi who was

allegedly a Shia Muslim and the alleged Mutwalis were allegedly Shia Mohammedans? If so, its

effect?


Issue No.20(b)

20(b). Whether there was a Mutwalli of the alleged Waqf and whether the alleged Mutwalli not

having joined in the suit, the suit is not maintainable so far as it relates to relief for possession?

Suit is not maintainable and the issue is decided in favour of the defendants.

Issue No.21


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21. Whether the suit is bad for non-joinder of alleged deities?


10

Issues No. 23 & 24

23. If the wakf Board is an instrumentality of state? If so, whether the said Board can file a suit

against the state itself?

24. If the wakf Board is state under Article 12 of the constitution? If so, the said Board being the

state can file any suit in representative capacity sponsering the case of particular community an

against the interest of another community)".

Issues are decided against the plaintiffs and the suit is not maintainable.

Issues No. 25 & 26

25. "Whether demolition of the disputed structure as claimed by the plaintiff, it can still be calle

mosque and if not whether the claim of the plaintiffs is liable to be dismissed as no longermaintainable?"

26. "Whether Muslims can use the open site as mosque to offer prayer when structure which sto

thereon has been demolished?"


Issue No. 27

27. "Whether the outer court yard contained Ram Chabutra, Bhandar and Sita Rasoi? If so whet

they were also demolished on 6.12.1992 along with the main temple?"

Yes, issue is decided in positive.

Issue No.16 & 22

16. To what relief, if any, are the plaintiffs or any of them,

entitled?

22. Whether the suit is liable to be dismissed with special costs?

Plaintiffs are not entitled for any relief. The suit is dismissed with easy costs.

11

O.O.S No. 1 of 1989 (R.S.No.2-50)

Sri Gopal Singh Visharad Vs. Zahoor Ahmad and others The instant suit has been filed on the

assertion that the father of the plaintiff on 14.1.1950 was not allowed to touch the deity.

Accordingly the injunction has been sought on behalf of the defendants including the State

Government to not disallow the plaintiff to touch the deity. State Government opposed the claim

and stated that in order to control the crowd reasonable restrictions were imposed. The suit was

dismissed for the reasons (i) no valid notice was given, ( ii) the plaintiff has no legal character a

(iii) the State Government can impose reasonable restrictions in public interest to control the cr

and to enable every body to have the Darshan of the deity.


26/36

Finding of the court issue wise is as follows;

O.O.S. No.

1 of 1989

Issues No. 1, 2 and 6

1. Is the property in suit the site of Janam Bhumi of Shri Ram

Chandra Ji?

2. Are there any idols of Bhagwan Ram Chandra Ji and are His

Charan Paduka' situated in the site in suit.?

6. Is the property in suit a mosque constructed by Shansha Babar commonly known as Babri

mosque, in 1528A.D.?

Connected with issues No. 1(a), 1(b), 1-B (b), 19-d, 19-e and 19-f of the Original Suit No. 4 of 19

wherein these issues have been decided in favour of defendants and against the Sunni Central

Board, U.P.

Issues No. 3, 4 & 7

3. Has the plaintiff any right to worship the 'Charan Paduka' and the idols situated in the place i

suit.?

12

4. Has the plaintiff the right to have Darshan of the place in suit.?

7. Have the Muslims been in possession of the property in suit from 1528A.D.?

Connected with Issues No. 1-B(c), 2, 4, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,19-a, 19-b, 19-c, 27 and 28 of Orig

Suit No. 4 of 1989, wherein these issues have been decided in favour of defendants and against

plaintiffs.

Issues No. 9, 9(a), 9(b) & 9(c)

9. Is the suit barred by provision of section (5) (3) of the Muslim Waqfs Act (U.P. Act 13 of 1936)

(a) Has the said act no application to the right of Hindus in general and plaintiff of the present s

in particular to his right of worship.?

(b) Were the proceedings under the said act referred to in written statement para 15 collusive?

its effect?

(c) Are the said provisions of the U.P. Act 13 of 1936 ulta-vires

for reasons given in the statement of plaintiff's counsel dated

9.3.62 recorded on paper No.454-A-?

Connected with Issues No. 5-a, 5-b, 5-c, 5-d, 5-e, 5-f, 7-b,

17(issue no.17 of O.O.S. No.4 of 1989 has already been


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decided by the Civil Judge, Faizabad) 18, 20-a, 20-b, 23,

24, 25 and 26 of Original Suit No. 4 of 1989, wherein these issues have been decided in favour o

defendants and against the plaintiffs.

Issues No. 5(a) & 5(b)

5(a) Was the property in suit involved in original suit no.61/280 of 1885 in the court of sub-judg

Faizabad Raghubar Das Mahant Vs. Secretary of State for India & others.?

5(b) Was it decided against the plaintiff.?

Connected with issue No. 1-B (a) of Original Suit No. 4 of 1989.

Property existed on Nazul plot No. 583 belonging to Government.

13

Issues No. 5(c) & 5(d)

5(c) Was that suit within the knowledge of Hindus in general and were all Hindus interest in the

same.?

5(d) Does the decision in same bar the present suit by principles of Resjudicata and in any othe

way?

Connected with issue No. 7-a, 7-c, 7-d and issue no. 8 in Original Suit No. 4 of 1989, wherein the

issues have been decided in favour of defendants and against the plaintiffs.

Issue No. 13

13. Is the suit No.2 of 50 Shri Gopal Singh Visharad Vs. Zahoor Ahmad bad for want of notice un

section 80 C.P.C. ?


Issue No. 8

8. Is the suit barred by proviso to section 42 Specific Relief Act.?



11(a) Are the provisions of section 91 C.P.C. applicable to present suit ? If so is the suit bad for w

of consent in writing by the advocate general ?

11(b) Are the rights set up by the plaintiff in this suit independent of

the provisions of section 91 C.P.C. ? if not its effect. ?


Issue No. 12

12. Is the suit bad for want of steps and notices under order 1

Rule 8 C.P.C. ? If so its effect. ?


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Issue No. 14

14. Is the suit no.25 of 50 Param Hans Ram Chandra Vs. Zahoor Ahmad bad for want of valid no

under section 80 C.P.C. ?

Withdrawn, no finding is required.

14

Issue No. 15

15. Is the suit bad for non-joinder of defendants.?

NO

Issue No. 10

10. Is the present suit barred by time ?

NO

Issue No. 16 & 17

16. Are the defendants or any of them entitled to special costs

under section 35-A C.P.C.?

17. To what reliefs, if any, is the plaintiff entitled. ?

Plaintiff is not entitled for the relief claimed and the suit is dismissed with easy costs.

15

OOS No. 3 of 1989

Nirmohi Akhara & Anr. Vs. Shri Jamuna Prasad Singh & Ors. The suit was filed by Nirmohi Akhara

alleging that right from times immemorial, they are worshipping the deities. Accordingly the

management of the temple may be handed over to the plaintiff by defendant- State Governmen

The defendants have contested the claim and this Court found the suit barred by time and also

merits that the plaintiff failed to prove the case.

Finding of the court issue wise is as follows;

O.O.S. No.

3 of 1989

Issues No. 1, 5 and 6

1. Is there a temple of Janam Bhumi with idols installed therein as alleged in para 3 of the plaint

5. Is the property in suit a mosque made by Emperor Babar Known as Babari masjid ?

6. Was the alleged mosque dedicated by Emperor Babar for worship by Muslims in general and

made a public waqf property?


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Connected with Issues No. 1, 1(a), 1(b), 1B(b), 12, 19(d), 19(e) and 19(f) of O.O.S. No. 4 of 1989

wherein these issues have been decided in favour of defendants and against the plaintiffs.

Issues No. 2, 3, 4 & 8

2. Does the property in suit belong to the plaintiff No.1 ?

3. Have plaintiffs acquired title by adverse possession for over 12 years ?

4. Are plaintiffs entitled to get management and charge of the said temple ?

16

8. Have the rights of the plaintiffs extinguished for want of possession for over 12 years prior to

suit ?

Connected with Issues No. 1B(c), 2, 4, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 19(a), 19(b), 19(c), 27 & 28 of O.O

No. 4 of 1989.

Decided against the Plaintiffs.

Issues No. 7(a), 7(b) & 16

7(a) Has there been a notification under Muslim Waqf Act (Act no.13 of 1936) declaring this pro

in suit as a Sunni Waqf ?

7(b) Is the said notification final and binding ? Its effect.

16. Is the suit bad for want of notice u/s 83 of U.P. Act 13 of 1936 ?

Connected with issues no. 5(a), 5(b), 5(c), 5(d), 5(e), 5(f), 7(b), 17, 18, 20(a), 20(b), 23, 24, 25 a

26 in O.O.S No. 4 of 1989, wherein these issues have been decided against the plaintiffs.

Issue No. 9

9. Is the suit within time ?

Connected with issues no. 3 decided in O.O.S. No. 4 of 1989.



10(a) Is the suit bad for want of notice u/s 80 C. P.C.

10(b) Is the above plea available to contesting defendants ?

Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the

defendants.

Issue No. 11

11. Is the suit bad for non-joinder of necessary defendants ?

Connected with Issue No. 21 of O.O.S. No. 4 of 1989.



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17

Issue No. 14

14. Is the suit not maintainable as framed ?

Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the defendants.

Issue No. 17

17. (Added by this Hon'ble Court order dated 23.2.96) "Whether Nirmohi Akhara, Plaintiff, is

Panchayati Math of Rama Nandi sect of Bairagies and as such is a religious denomination follow

its religious faith and per suit according to its own custom."


Issue No. 15

15. Is the suit properly valued and Court-Fee paid sufficient ?

(Already decided)

Issues No. 12 & 13

12. Are defendants entitled to special costs u/s 35 C.P.C. ?

No.

13. To what relief, if any, is the plaintiff entitled ?

Suit is Dismissed.

18

O.O.S. No. 5 of 198 9 (R.S.NO. 236/1989

Bhagwan Sri Rama Virajman & Ors. Vs. Sri Rajendra Singh & Ors.

The instant suit was filed on behalf of the deities and Sri Ram Janm Bhumi through the next frie

praying that the defendants be restrained not to interfere in the construction of the temple of

plaintiff nos. 1 and 2 on the ground that the deities are perpetual minors and against them

Limitation Laws do not run. This Court is of the view that place of birth that is Ram Janm Bhumi

juristic person. The deity also attained the divinity like Agni, Vayu, Kedarnath. Asthan is personi

as the spirit of divine worshipped as the birth place of Ram Lala or Lord Ram as a child . Spirit of

divine ever remains present every where at all times for any one to invoke at any shape or formaccordance with his own aspirations and it can be shapeless and formless also. Case has been

decided on the basis of decision of Hon'ble the Apex Court specially the law as laid down in 199

SCC page 50, Ram Janki Deity Vs. State of Bihar, Gokul Nath Ji Mahraj Vs. Nathji Bhogilal AIR 195

Allahabad 552, AIR 1967 Supreme Court 1044 Bishwanath and another Vs. Shri Thakur

Radhabhallabhji and others & other decisions of Privy Council and of different High Courts.

Finding of the court issue wise is as follows:

O.O.S. No.


31/36


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in dispute there are graves and is any part of that land a

Muslim Waqf for a graveyard ?

Deleted vide this Hon'ble Court order dated 23.2.96.

Issue No.23

23. Whether the judgment in suit No. 61/280 of 1885 filed by Mahant Raghuber Das in the Cour

Special Judge, Faizabad is binding upon the plaintiffs by application of the principles of estoppel

res judicata, as alleged by the defendants 4 and 5 ?

Decided against the defendants and in favour of the plaintiffs.

Issue No.5

(5) Is the property in question properly identified and described 21

in the plaint ?

Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and in favour of the defendants.

Issues No. 7 & 8

(7) Whether the defendant no. 3, alone is entitled to represent plaintiffs 1 and 2, and is the suit

competent on that account as alleged in paragraph 49 of the additional written statement of

defendant no. 3 ?

(8) Is the defendant Nirmohi Akhara the "Shebait" of Bhagwan Sri Rama installed in the dispute

structure?

Decided against the defendant no.3 and in favour of plaintiffs no. 1, 2 and 3.

Issues No.19

19. Whether the suit is bad for non-joinder of necessary parties, as pleaded in paragraph 43 of t

additional written statement of defendant no. 3 ?

Suit is maintainable.

Issue No.20

20. Whether the alleged Trust, creating the Nyas defendant no. 21, is void on the facts and grou

stated in paragraph 47 of the written statement of defendant no. 3 ?

Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the defendant no.3.

Issue No.21

21. Whether the idols in question cannot be treated as deities as alleged in paragraphs 1, 11, 1

21, 22, 27 and 41 of the written statement of defendant no. 4 and in paragraph 1 of the written

statement of defendant no. 5 ?

22

Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the defendants no. 4 and 5.

Issues No. 26 & 27


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26. Whether the suit is bad for want of notice under Section 80 C.P.C. as alleged by the defenda

4 and 5?

27. Whether the plea of suit being bad for want of notice under Section 80 C.P.C. can be raised

defendants 4 and 5 ?

Decided against defendant nos. 4 & 5.

Issue No.25

25. Whether the judgment and decree dated 30th March 1946 passed in suit no. 29 of 1945 is n

binding upon the plaintiffs as alleged by the plaintiffs ?


Issue No.29

29. Whether the plaintiffs are precluded from bringing the present suit on account of dismissal o

suit no. 57 of 1978 (Bhagwan Sri Ram Lala Vs. state) of the Court of Munsif Sadar, Faizabad?


Issue No.28

28. Whether the suit is bad for want of notice under Section 65 of the U.P. Muslim Waqfs Act, 19

as alleged by defendants 4 and 5 ? If so, its effect?

Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against defendants no. 4 and 5.

23

Issue No.18

18. Whether the suit is barred by Section 34 of the Specific Relief Act as alleged in paragraph 42

the additional written statement of defendant no. 3 and also as alleged in paragraph 47 of the

written statement of defendant no. 4 and paragraph 62 of the written statement of defendant n

5 ?


Issues No. 3(a), 3(b), 3(c), 3(d) & 4

3(a) Whether the idol in question was installed under the central dome of the disputed building

(since demolished) in the early hours of December 23, 1949 as alleged by the plaintiff in paragr

27 of the plaint as clarified on 30.4.92 in their statement under order 10 Rule 2 C.P.C. ?

3(b) Whether the same idol was reinstalled at the same place on a chabutra under the canopy?

3(c) "Whether the idols were placed at the disputed site on or after 6.12.92 in violation of the coorder dated 14.8.1989, 7.11.1989 and 15.11. 91 ?

3(d) If the aforesaid issue is answered in the affirmative, whether the idols so placed still acquir

status of a deity?"

(4) Whether the idols in question had been in existence under the "Shikhar" prior to 6.12.92 fro

time immemorial as alleged in paragraph-44 of the additional written statement of defendant n


34/36


Issue No.11

(11) Whether on the averments made in paragraph-25 of the plaint, no valid waqf was created i

respect of the structure in 24 dispute to constitute it as a mosque ?


Issue No.12

(12) If the structure in question is held to be mosque, can the same be shifted as pleaded in

paragraphs 34 and 35 of the plaint? Deleted vide court order dated 23.2.96.

Issue No.13

(13) Whether the suit is barred by limitation ? Decided in favour of the plaintiffs and against the

defendants. Issue No.30

30. To what relief, if any, are plaintiffs or any of them entitled? Plaintiffs are entitled for the relie

claimed and the suit is decreed with easy costs.

1

ISSUES FOR BRIEFING

1. Whether the disputed site is the birth place

Bhagwan Ram?

The disputed site is the birth place of Lord Ram

Place of birth is a juristic person and is a deity

It is personified as the spirit of divine

worshipped as birth place of Lord Rama as a

child.

Spirit of divine ever remains present every

where at all times for any one to invoke at any

shape or form in accordance with his own

aspirations and it can be shapeless and formle

also.


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2. Whether the disputed building was a mosqu

When was it built? By whom?

The disputed building was constructed by Baba

the year is not certain but it was built againstthe tenets of Islam. Thus, it cannot have the

character of a mosque.

3. Whether the mosque was built after

demolishing a Hindu temple?

The disputed structure was constructed on thesite of old structure after demolition of the

same. The Archaeological Survey of India has

proved that the structure was a massive Hindu

religious structure.

4. Whether the idols were placed in the buildin

on the night of December 22/23rd, 1949?

The idols were placed in the middle dome of th

disputed structure in the intervening night of

22/23.12.1949.

2

5. Whether any of the claims for title is time

barred?

O.O.S. No. 4 of 1989, the Sunni Central Board o

Waqfs U.P., Lucknow and others Vs. Gopal Sing

Visharad and others and O.O.S. No.3 of 1989,


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Nirmohi Akhara and Another Vs. Sri Jamuna

Prasad Singh and others are barred by time.

6. What will be the status of the disputed site

e.g. inner and outer courtyard?It is established that the property in suit is the

site of Janm Bhumi of Ram Chandra Ji and Hind

in general had the right to worship Charan, Sit

Rasoi, other idols and other object of worship

existed upon the property in suit. It is also

established that Hindus have been worshipping

the place in dispute as Janm Sthan i.e. a birth

place as deity and visiting it as a sacred place

pilgrimage as of right since time immemorial.

After the construction of the disputed structur

it is proved the deities were installed inside th

disputed structure on 22/23.12.1949. It is also

proved that the outer courtyard was in exclusiv

possession of Hindus and they were worshippin

throughout and in the inner courtyard (in the

disputed structure) they were also worshipping

It is also established that the disputed structurcannot be treated as a mosque as it came into

existence against the tenets of Islam.

Courtesy: http://www.rjbm.nic.in/

Text of Allahabad High Court Order on Ayodhya Dispute

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Transcript of Text of Allahabad High Court Order on Ayodhya Dispute