NOYES NOYES Test and Inspection Test and Inspection

Testing Fibre Optic LANs Testing Fibre Optic LANs ––the challenges of todaythe challenges of todayJune 2013June 2013

Nicholas ColeNicholas Cole

AFL COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

● Company overview

● LAN Overview§ Ethernet over Multimode Fibre evolution

§ Structured cabling design

§ Cabling Standards

§ Connectivity

§ Testing requirements

§ Planning / key challenges

● What test equipment options do I have?§ Managing Test Results

§ Certification to standards

§ Mapping the network

§ Reporting Test Results

§ Inspecting connectors

§ Identifying Fibres

What we will coverWhat we will cover

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AFL COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

Company OverviewCompany Overview

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LAN OverviewLAN Overview

AFL COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

Ethernet over Multimode Fibre evolution

300 – 2000mDistance Up to 10km100 – 150m33 – 300m275 – 800m

Conclusions:§Data rates have gone up considerably over the last decade§Distances and Losses have reduced§New grades of Multimode fibre have been released§40GBASE / 100GBASE on multimode using parallel optics present new challenges

Conclusions:§Data rates have gone up considerably over the last decade§Distances and Losses have reduced§New grades of Multimode fibre have been released§40GBASE / 100GBASE on multimode using parallel optics present new challenges

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AFL COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

Structured cabling designStructured cabling design

● Structured cabling networks are becoming more complex Data Centres (SANs) are a good example

● Demand is increasing - more users PCs, mobile phones, other IP devices equals more connections

● Performance requirements are growing 10G, 40G 100GBASE put great pressure on design

HDA ZDA EDA

TIA-942 Data Centre

Horizontal cabling in a data centre

MTP + LCconnections

MTPconnection

MTP + LCconnectionsExample with 5 connections

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AFL COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

Cabling StandardsCabling Standards

Telecommunication Industry Association

(North America)TIA-568

Telecommunication Industry Association

(North America)TIA-568

International Organization for Standardization /

International Electrotechnical CommissionISO/IEC 11801

International Organization for Standardization /

International Electrotechnical CommissionISO/IEC 11801

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization

CENELC EN50173

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization

CENELC EN50173

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AFL COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

ConnectivityConnectivity

Direct termination (field polish)üLow insertion lossüLow unit cost (connector)üLow CAPEXûLabour intensiveûTime consumingûHigh failure rate

Pre-terminated systems using MTP/MPOüLow CAPEXüFast deploymentüSimpleüRedeployableûRequires precise designûMedium/High insertion loss

FAST connectors (crimp, no polish) üLow CAPEXüTool freeûHigh unit cost (connector)ûMedium insertion loss

Fusion Splicing üLow insertion lossüLow failure rateüLow unit cost (pigtail)ûHigh CAPEX

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AFL COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

As specified by ISO/IEC 11801 [standards committee]

Testing requirementsTesting requirements

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AFL COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

Planning / key challengesPlanning / key challenges

● What network applications does the network need to support?§ 1000BASE, 10GBASE

● Which fibre grade is most suitable?§ Multimode: OM1, OM2, OM3, OM4

§ Singlemode: OS1, OS2

● What distances and losses should I limit to?§ 10GBASE-S is limited to 2.6dB / 300m (OM3/4)

● What connectivity should I consider?§ Pre-terminated will save time

§ MTP/MPO, LC connectors will save space

● Should I follow a cabling standard? If yes which one?§ ISO/IEC

§ TIA

§ CENELC

§ Customer/manufacturer standard10

AFL COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

Planning / key challengesPlanning / key challenges

● Can I follow component connectivity performance issued by the cabling manufacturer?§ Yes but use a reliable manufacture that will support / warranty their products

● Should I perform a basic test (Tier 1) and extended (Tier 2)§ Tier 1 (LSPM) should always be carried out as it simulates the network operation

and therefore is most accurate

§ ISO11801 state Tier 2 (OTDR) should be carried out on links with consolidation points

● How can I prove test results meet network performance requirements?§ Test to an agreed standard

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Testing and documentation Testing and documentation challenges challenges

AFL COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

What test equipment options do I have?What test equipment options do I have?

13Product categoryProduct categoryProduct category

HiLiteHiLite

Visual Fault LocatorsVisual Fault LocatorsVisual Fault Locators

VFI2VFI2

MT Tracer

MT Tracer

CKSM seriesCKSM series

SLP/MLP/SMLP series

SLP/MLP/SMLP series

LS/PM & OLTS (Tier 1)LS/PM & OLTS (Tier 1)LS/PM & OLTS (Tier 1) OTDR & *OLTS (Tier 1 & *2) OTDR & *OLTS (Tier 1 & *2) OTDR & *OLTS (Tier 1 & *2)

C880 series & DFS1

C880 series & DFS1

C860 series & DFS1

C860 series & DFS1

M210 series & DFS1

M210 series & DFS1

M310 series & DFS1

M310 series & DFS1

AFL COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

Managing Test ResultsManaging Test Results

Keeping up with network growth

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● Folder (customer name)● Job name● Route § End 1: (Building/Room/Rack)§ End 2: (Building/Room/Rack)

● Cable § Panel/wall box 1§ Panel/wall box 2

● Fibre Number

AFL COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

Applying certification against cabling or network standards ensures network performance

Certification to standardsCertification to standards

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AFL COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

Mapping the network Mapping the network

To measure events you must find them

● Resolving event anomalies due to fibre mismatches

● Bidirectional OTDR event averaging automatically resolves this

● Challenges exists mostly in OSP environments

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● New generation OTDRs require ultra high resolution for event detection

● Networks contain closely spaced events (within a few meters)

● Component qualification is required for for high performance systems

AFL COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

Combine OPM, OTDR and inspection

Reporting Test ResultsReporting Test Results

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• Choose from multiple report templates • Organise results into routes, cables with summary pages

AFL COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL

Inspecting connectorsInspecting connectors

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û Debris/dirtû Debris/dirt û Power onû Power on û Contact with skin û Contact with skin

ü Cleanü Cleanû Power onû Power on ü Power onü Power on

FOCIS PRO Analysis Algorithm

Center Endface image

Locate Analysis Zones

Find Particles and Scratches

Tally and Render DisplayCladding

AdhesiveContact

Core

AFL COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL 19

Identifying FibresIdentifying Fibres

● In large datacenters, it may be difficult to locate both ends of one fiber§ On shorter fibers, inject visible light using VFI and look for glow at far end§ On longer fibers, inject 1 or 2 kHz test tone at one end using an OLS§ On singlemode fibers, use OFI to detect tone without disrupting live service§ On unused fibers, connect OPM to far-end fibers to detect fiber carrying tone

Campus LANSinglemode

Inter-building Fiber

OPM:Detect Tone &

Measure Power

OFI:Detect Toneor Live Fiber

OLS: InjectTest Tone

VFI: InjectVisible Light

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Thank You!Thank You!Questions?Questions?