GR 5: TERM 3: EXTENSION LOCKDOWN ACTIVITY: 2020 Page 1

INSTRUCTIONS

1. Make your own extra notes from the internet.

2. Include relevant diagrams and pictures

3. Draw your own diagrams if necessary

4. Use this guide to do your work in your Geography exercise book.

TERM 3: ATP EXTENSION ACTIVITY

( hie guys make your notes using your textbook and the internet on the content/concepts shown

in red) Write the work in your Geography exercise books)

WEEK CONTENT & CONCEPTS HOURS ACCUMULATIVE SYLABUS COMPLETION %

DATE COMPLETED

NOTES/COMMENTS

TE

RM

3:

LO

CK

DO

WN

1-2 Weather 3 hours 27,5%

3-4 Project: Observing and

recording the weather

2 hours 29,17%

4-5 Rainfall 2 hours 30,84%

5-8 Climate 3 hours 33,34%

8-10 Natural Vegetation 3 hours 35,84%

Revision, Assessment and

Feedback

2 hours 37.5%

MELPARK PRIMARY SCHOOL

SUBJECT: GEOGRAPHY

TEACHER: MR FAITH GRADE 5: TERM 3 OF LOCKDOWN

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What’s the Difference Between Weather and Climate?

Climate is what you expect, weather is what you get

• Though they are closely related, weather and climate aren’t the same thing. • Climate is what you expect.

• Weather is what actually happens

What exactly is weather?

• Weather is the mix of events that happen each day in our atmosphere.

• Even though there’s only one atmosphere on Earth, the weather isn’t the same all around the world.

• Weather is different in different parts of the world and changes over

minutes, hours, days, and weeks.

• Most weather happens in the part of Earth’s atmosphere that is closest to the ground—called the troposphere.

• And, there are many different factors that can change the atmosphere in a

certain area like air pressure, temperature, humidity, wind speed and

direction.

• Together, they determine what the weather is like at a given time and

location.

What exactly is climate?

• Whereas weather refers to short-term changes in the atmosphere, climate

describes what the weather is like over a long period of time in a specific

area.

• Different regions can have different climates.

• To describe the climate of a place, we might say what the temperatures are

like during different seasons, how windy it usually is, or how much rain or

snow typically falls.

• When scientists talk about climate, they're often looking at averages of

precipitation, temperature, humidity, sunshine and wind.

• In some instances, they might look at these averages over 30 years.

How do weather observations become climate data?

• Across the globe, observers and automated stations measure weather

conditions at thousands of locations every day of the year.

• Some observations are made hourly, others just once a day.

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• Over time, these weather observations allow us to quantify long-term

average conditions, which provide insight into an area’s climate.

Are regional climates different from the global climate?

• Global climate is a description of the climate of a planet as a whole, with all

the regional differences averaged.

• Like the Africa, different regions of the world have varying climates.

• But, we can also describe the climate of an entire planet—referred to as

the global climate.

• And, these amounts are different for different planets.

How does the climate change?

• While the weather can change in just a few minutes or hours, climate

changes over longer time frames.

• Today, climates are changing.

• As global climate changes, weather patterns are changing as well.

Why do we study climate?

• Climate, climate change, and their impacts on weather events affect people

all around the world.

• Rising global temperatures are expected to further raise sea

levels and change precipitation patterns and other local climate conditions.

• Changing regional climates could alter forests, crop yields, and water

supplies.

• They could also affect human health, animals, and many types

of ecosystems.

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Do the following experiments on your own

s1. Reflect a rainbow.

• What you need: Glass of water, sheet of white paper, sunlight.

• What to do: Fill the glass all the way to the top with water. Put the glass of

water on a table so that it is half on the table and half off the table (make

sure that the glass doesn’t fall!) Then, make sure that the sun can shine

through the glass of water. Next, place the white sheet of paper on the

floor. Adjust the piece of paper and the glass of water until a rainbow forms

on the paper.

• light is made up of many colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and

violet. When light passes through the water, it is broken up into all of the

colors seen in a rainbow.

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2. Predict rain.

• What you need: Pinecones, journal.

• What to do: Observe the pinecones and the weather daily. Note that when

the weather is dry, the pinecones stay open. When it’s about to rain, the pinecones close! This is a great way to talk about weather prediction with

the students. Pine cones actually open and close based on the humidity to

help seed dispersal.

3. Swirl up a tornado.

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• What you need: Two 2-liter clear plastic bottles (empty and clean), water,

food coloring, glitter, duct tape.

• What you do: Fill one of the bottles two-thirds full of water. Add food

coloring and a dash of glitter. Use duct tape to fasten the two containers

together. Make sure to tape tightly so that no water leaks out when you turn

the bottles over. Flip the bottles so that the bottle with the water is on top.

Swirl the bottle in a circular motion. This will create a vortex and a tornado

will form in the top bottle as the water rushes into the bottom bottle.

• 4. Make magic snow balls.

• What you need: Frozen baking soda, cold water, vinegar, squirt bottles.

• What to do: Start by mixing two parts baking soda with one part water to

make fluffy, moldable snowballs. Then, pour vinegar into squirt bottles and

let kids squirt their snowballs. The reaction between the baking soda and

vinegar will cause the snowballs to fizz and bubble. For a snow avalanche,

pour vinegar into a tub, then drop a snowball in!

• What you need: One large blue recycle bag, one empty plastic container

such as a yogurt or sour cream tub, clear packing tape, string or yarn,

ribbons or streamers to decorate.

• What to do: Make a windsock. Start by cutting the rim off the plastic tub.

Wrap the edge of the bag around the rim and secure it with tape. Using a

hole punch, make a hole in the bag just below the plastic ring. If you don’t have a hole punch, you can use a pencil. Tie a string through the hole and

attach to a post or high railing.

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5. Measure rain volume.

• What you need: One 2-liter bottle, Sharpie, stones, water, scissors, ruler,

tape.

• What to do: Create a rain gauge! Start by cutting away the top third of the 2-

liter plastic bottle and put it to the side. Pack a few stones at the bottom of

the bottle. Pour water in until just above the stone level. Draw a scale on a

piece of masking tape with the help of the ruler and paste it on the side of

the bottle so you can start counting just above the current water line. Invert

the top of the bottle and place it into the bottom half to act as a funnel.

Leave bottle outside to capture rain.

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• WHAT IS DROUGHT?

Read the article about drought below and answer the questions that follow.

> What Is Drought

During a drought, ponds, lakes and rivers may begin to dry up.

What do you think of when you hear the word drought? Do you

think “dry,” “hot,” “dusty,” “cracked earth,” or even “no water”? If so, you’re on the right track! When some places are in a drought, they may be dry, hot and

dusty; cracks may appear in the soil, and rivers, lakes, streams, and

other sources of water may go dry. Other places in drought get

some rain, but not as much as they usually receive during that

season. A drought means that a place has less precipitation (rain or

snow) than normal over a few months or even longer.

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What causes a drought?

In order to answer to that question, let's explore the connections

between weather, climate, the water cycle and drought. If you look

outside right now, do you see sunshine, or mostly clouds? Is it

windy? Is it hot or cold? Whatever your answers to those questions

are, that is your weather for today. Weather can be defined as the

conditions experienced in a place over a brief period of time, like

day-to-day or even over a week.

Weather that we expect or know to be “normal” for a place is one way to define climate.

So, in other words, climate is a place’s weather over a longer period of time, like months, seasons, and years. What is normal for

a place depends on its elevation (how high above sea level it is),

how close it is to the oceans or other large bodies of water, and its

latitude (how close or far it is from the equator).

A place’s climate can change slightly from year to year or decade to decade. This is what we call natural climate variability. Because

these changes or variations can occur, we consider drought to be a

normal part of climate just like floods, hurricanes, blizzards, and

tornadoes.

1. What do you understand by the term ‘drought’? __________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Which of the following human activities can trigger drought?

A. cultivation B. Deforestation C. planting trees D. drilling

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3. What causes drought?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

4. What is weather?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

5. What is climate?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

6. How can dams cause drought?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

7. What natural factor causes drought in the Sahara?

a. wind. B. floods c. rain failure d. poor rivers

8. Which is a better response to drought?

a. water aid b. development aid c. food relief d. social grants

9. Who invented the mercury thermometer? Daniel Gabriel Farenheit

10.What common term refers to the amount of water vapour that is held in

the air? Humidity.

11) True or False: Climate is the same thing as weather.

A TRUE

B FALSE

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12) Which of the following can change on a daily basis?

A Climate

B Weather

C Both climate and weather

D Neither climate or weather

13) Which of the following only changes over a very long period of time?

A Climate

B Weather

C Both climate and weather

D Neither climate or weather

14) Which of the following best describes climate?

A Daily changing of temperature

B Daily changing of precipitation

C Average measurements of temperature and rainfall over many years

D If there is a rainy day then the climate is rainy

E If there is a hot day then the climate is hot

15) What does climate determine on Earth?

A If it will be sunny on a given a day

B If the air is breathable

C If it will rain that day

D What kind of plants and animals can survive in an area

E All of the above

16) What can cause climate change?

A The natural cycle of the Earth

B Human activities

C Volcanic eruptions

D Sun activity

E All of the Above

17) True or False: Just because you have a rainy day in an area of dry climate, the climate doesn't change and is still considered dry.

A TRUE

B FALSE

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18) What area of the Earth generally has the warmest climate?

A South pole

B North pole

C Equator

D Northern hemisphere

E Southern hemisphere

19) What do we call the periods of time when much of the Earth's northern hemisphere was covered in ice?

A Epochs

B Iron ages

C Bronze ages

D Ice ages

E Golden ages

20) True or False: Climate is like weather, but over a very long period of time.

A TRUE

B FALSE

GENERAL KNOWLEDGE

1.What common term refers to the movement of air from a high pressure to a

low pressure zone? ( altitude, cloud, wind, storm)

2.What is a haboob? ( A sandstorm, hurricane, drought, desert)

3.What is the unit of measurement of wind speed? ( kilograms, grams, knot,

cm)

4.Towards which direction (North, East, South or West) is a rainbow

normally seen in the afternoon? (North, West, East, South)

5.What type of cloud is normally associated with thunderstorms? ( Cumulus,

nimbus, cumulonimbus, stratus)

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Think you know South Africa? Test your

knowledge with this quiz!

Do you know what Soweto stands for?

6. Do you know what Soweto stands for?

A. South West Town B. Soggy Western Town C. South African Western

Town

D. South Western Townships

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7. This mountain is one of the most popular places for tourists in

South Africa. Can you name it?

A. Lion's Head B. Table Mountain C. Devil's Peak D.

Champagne Castle

8. This game park is the largest in South Africa. What is it?

A. Kgalagadi Transfrontier Park B. Kruger National Park C. Pilanesberg

Game Reserve D. Madikwe Game Reserve

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9. Nelson Mandela spent 18 years imprisoned on this infamous island.

A. Marion Island B. Msikaba Island C. Easter Island D. Robben

Island

10. What animal is Boulders Beach famous for having?

A. leopard B. elephant C. ostrich D. penguin

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11. Johannesburg's population boomed after what was found there?

A. uranium B. gold C. oil D. cocoa beans

12.This is the site of the highest natural commercial jump in the

world.

A. Nelson Mandela Bridge B. Drakensberg Dip C. Devil's Gorge

D. Bloukrans Bridge

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13. How many languages are recognized in South Africa?

A. 4 B. 15 C. 11 D. 1

14. How many state capitals are there in South Africa?

A. 1 B. 3 C. 2. D. 4

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15. Durban was visited by this famous explorer in 1497.

A. Ferdinand Magellan B. Vasco Da Gama C. James Cook

D. David Livingstone

16. Name the street in SA where two Nobel Peace Prize winners once

lived.

A. Vilakazi Street B. Chruch Street C. Voortrekker Street

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17. How many official UNESCO World Heritage Sites are there in

SA?

A. 8 B. 9 C. 7

18 .Name the Natural World Wonder situated in SA.

A. The Cradle of Humankind B. Blyde River Canyon C. Table Mountain

19. SA has the oldest meteor scar in the world, just across the Vaal

River near Parys. What is it called?

A. The Tswaing Crater B. The Morokweng Crater C. The Vredefort Dome

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20. SA hosts the second highest waterfall in the world. What is it

called?

A. Waterfall Bluff B. Lisbon Falls C. Tugela Falls

21. What is the longest wine route in the world called?

A. The Route 62 Wine Route B. The Franschhoek Mountains Wine Route

C. The Stellenbosch Wine Route

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22. Name the SA province with the most advanced infrastructure in

Africa.

A. KwaZulu-Natal B. Gauteng C. Western Cape

23. Name the place home to the most wildlife species than anywhere

else on the African continent.

A. The Kruger National Park B. Hluhluwe-Imfolozi Park

C. The |Ai-|Ais/Richtersveld National Park

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24. The world’s largest diamond was found in South Africa in 1905. What is it called?

A. The Cullinan B. The Second Sun of Africa C. The Great Star of

Africa

25. Where can 80% of the world’s early mammalian fossils be found? A. The Bushveld B. The Karoo C. The Kalahari

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26. Where is the world’s largest ultra-marathon run?

A. KwaZulu-Natal B. Western Cape C. North West Province

27. What is the smallest, but richest of the six recognised floral

kingdoms of the world?

A. The Grasslands Region B. The Cape Floral Kingdom C. The Savanna

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28. On what date does South African celebrate Heritage Day?

A. 21 March B. 24 September C. 16 June

30. Name the official flower of South Africa.

A. The Canna Lilly B. The Strelitzia C. The King Protea

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31. Name SA’s three capitals. A. Pretoria, Cape Town & Bloemfontein B. Pretoria, Johannesburg & Cape

Town

C. Bloemfontein, Cape Town & Johannesburg

32. What’s the most spoken language in SA? A. Zulu B. English C. Afrikaans

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33. What’s the official animal of SA? A. The Eland B. The Springbok C. The Cape Mountain Zebra

34. Where is the highest pub in Africa?

A. In the Carlton Centre B. On Table Mountain C. On top of Sani Passson