Techno-economic study on Stevia production and … · Techno-economic study on Stevia production...

Techno-economic study on Stevia production and development opportunities under Egyptian

conditions

Prof Dr Mostafa MA El-Kholi and Prof Dr Ayman MH Esh

mostafaelkholiyahoocom amp aymaneshgmailcom

Young stevia plant

The sweet herb of Paraguay Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

produces an alternative sweetener (steviol glycosides) in

its leaves

The advantage is that stevia

sweeteners are

In addition the sweet have functional

and sensory properties superior to

those of many other high potency

sweeteners

The Guarani Indians of Paraguay had known

for centuries about the unique advantages

of kaa he-he (a native term which translates

as sweet herb)

In 1887 Dr Moises Santiago Bertoni

director of the College of Agriculture in

Asuncion first learned of what he

described as this very strange plant

from Indian guides while exploring

Paraguays eastern forests

Dr Moises S BertoniDirector of the College of

Agriculture in Asuncion

Guarani Indians

Bertoni subsequently announced his

discovery of the new species in a botanical

journal published in Asuncion

He wrote one is surprised at the

strange and extreme sweetness

contained therein A fragment of the

leaf only a few square millimeters in

size suffices to keep the mouth sweet

for an hour a few small leaves are

sufficient to sweeten a strong cup of

coffee or tea

The cover page of the

Dictionary of botany

where The first report of

stevia plant

Stevia was first brought to the attention of

the US government in 1918 for the US

Department of Agriculture

In France in 1931 that would later prove

significant There two chemists isolated

the most prevalent of several compounds

that give the stevia leaf its sweet taste a

pure white crystalline extract they named

stevioside

Today the global interests in stevia has

increased and the spread of the stevia

phenomenon will not be limited to a certain

countries

Stevia is cultivated and used in food

elsewhere in East Asia including in China

(since 1984) Korea Taiwan Thailand India

and Malaysia It can also be found in Saint

Kitts and Nevis in parts of South America

(Brazil Colombia Peru Paraguay and

Uruguay) and in Israel China is the worlds

largest exporter of Stevioside

Will sugar always be more advantageous than Kaa-he-e We cannot suppose this The superiority of sugar as an energetic food will not be contested but this does not stop our plant from being stronger as a sweetener

Moises N Bertoni

December 1905 Kaa-he-e Its Nature and Its Properties

Fresh leaves This is the simplest form of Stevia in

Japan they may be purchased loose or in tea bags They

are 15 to 30 times sweeter than sugar

Dried leaves They are 10 to 15 times sweeter than

sugar They have the same uses as fresh leaves and to

extract the Stevioside

Powdered or ground leaves They can be

found in bulk form and in tea bags used as a flavor

enhancer or sweetener in teas salads fruit and coffee

among others

Byproducts (plant remains) The remaining

parts of the plant including stems seeds flowers and even

leaves that were not classified for industrialization are

collected and processed into animal feed or fertilizers

as a mix with silage for animal food or to make a compost

to be use as a fertilizer

Fresh stevia leaves

Dry stevia leaves

Ground stevia leaves

Stevia Liquid Extracts These are

concentrated syrups made from the dried leaves

(dark liquid extracts) or from powdered Steviosides

(clear liquid extracts) in a base of water or alcohol

Used for the sweetening of beverages

Stevia Powders Powdered Stevia extracts

with 40ndash50 percent Sweet glycosides (more than

100 times sweeter than sugar) and Powdered

Stevia extracts with 85ndash97 percent Sweet

glycosides (200-300 times sweeter than sugar)

Stevia liquid extracts

Stevia extracted powders

Weight reduction

Antimicrobial and anti-plaque properties

Non-toxic

Calorie free

Tonic for pancreas

Hypertension

Increase energy levels

Benefits and uses of Stevia

Food usesMaximum use level

(mg Steviol glycosideskg food)

Desserts 500Cold confectionery 500Pickles 1000Sweetcorn 200Biscuits 300Breverages 500Yogurt 500Sauces 1000Delicacies 1000Bread 160

The global market for non-sugar sweeteners in 2011 was at about $92

billion and is expected to reach $93 billion in 2012 The market is expected

to rise at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 11 and reach nearly

$99 billion by 2016 The North American market is estimated to reach

nearly $59 billion in 2012 and The European market represents the second

largest market category with the expected sale of nearly $19 billion in

2012

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2009 2010 2011 2016

North america Europe Rest of the world

Millio

n U

SD

Sited from httpwwwprlogorg11726488-global-markets-for-non-sugar-sweetenershtml

Since the Stevia extract Rebaudioside A (Reb-A) received

GRAS approval by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

on 17 December 2008 and the approval of the European

Commission on 2 December 2011 there have been several

hundred product launches by food and beverage companies

Steviarsquos status as a global ingredient was secured

with its incorporation into leading beverage

brands manufactured by Coca-Cola and Pepsi

companies in 2009

Now the worldrsquos largest natural

sweetness agent market opened the

door to the Stevia extract of Stevia

extract exports entering the

accelerated growth period

EUROPE9

SOUTH AMERICA

24

NORTH AMERICA

30

ASIA PACIFIC36

OTHERS1

Sited from

httpissuucomzenith_internationaldocsstevia_report_sample

Zenith forecasts that the global market for stevia will reach 11000 metric

tons by 2014 equivalent to US$825 million by value

0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(X 1000 ton)

Sited from httpissuucomzenith_internationaldocsstevia_report_sample

One Feddan of stevia produce 4 to 6 tonsyear

(3 harvests) of Dry Leaves

The International price of dry leaves (ge 10

stevisoid) range from 2 to 4 kg USD

Stevia harvest 3 times a year under Egyptian

conditions

International price of 97 stevasoid range from

100 to 150 USDkg

Stevia stay in the field for several years (3 to 5)

years

YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3 YEAR 4 TOTAL

Total costsyear (USD) 3061 2611 2611 2611 10896

AVERAGE PRODUCTION (TON)YEAR 45 45 45 45 18

INTERNATIONAL PRICE (USD)TON 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000

TOTAL INCOME 9000 9000 9000 9000 36000

NET PROFIT 5938 6388 6388 6388 25103

OF PROFIT 1939 2446 2446 2446 2303




TOTAL INCOME 6000 6000 6000 6000 24000

NET PROFIT 2938333 3388333 3388333 3388333 1310333

OF PROFIT 959 1297 1297 1297 1202




TOTAL INCOME (USD) 4000 4000 4000 4000 16000

NET PROFIT (USD) 9383333 1388333 1388333 1388333 5103333

OF PROFIT 306 531 531 531 468

From the current study we can notice that the major

costs are the field rent (5000 LE = 833$) and the

starter transplants (8000 LE = 1333$) From this

point to reduce the production costs it is suggested

to focus on producing stevia in the new reclaimed

lands which will lead to reduce the rent cost from

30 to 50 Also a system for producing stevia

seedlings (nurseries) to use as a starter transplants

should be introduced to the producers as a way to

reduce the starter material costs more than 50

One more advantage of cultivating stevia in new

reclaimed lands is the easy use of mechanization

and for setting up modified irrigation systems and

agriculture practices suitable for stevia

bull Stevia is an obligate short day plant with a critical day length of about 11-13 h

bull Long‐days delay flowering and increase stevasoid accumulation Extensive variability within populations for day length sensitivity has been reported

Stevia belongs to

Class Magnoliopsida (Dicotyledons)

Order Asterales

Family Asteraceae or Compositae

Stevia rebaudiana has many commonly

known Synonyms Sweet herb sweet

leaf sugar leaf and honey leaf or simply

Stevia

(مثل عباد الشمس) العائله المركبه

(و زيادة فترات النهار تؤخر االزهار و تسيد من ترجمع االستيفاسىيد( ساعه نهار 13-11)من نباتات النهار القصير

bull The RootThe root of stevia plant is fibrous filamentary

and perennial abundantly branched and

strain distributed near the surface and is

the only organ of the plant that does not

contain stevioside Stem

Root

Foliage

جذور نبات االستيفيا ليفيه فتيلية والمعمرة متشعبه و موزعه بالقرب من سطح

التربه وهي الجهاز الوحيد من النبات الذي ال يحتوي علي مادة االستيفاسويد

المحليه

bull The stemThe stem is annual sub-woody more or less

pubescent with a tendency to lean is more

or less branched During early development

does not have branches becoming

multicaule after the first growing season

coming to produce up to 20 stems in 3 to 4

years Under optimal conditions the stem

can reach five feet in height

Stem

Root

Foliage

bull The leafThe leaves are oval or elliptic lanceolate

small simple toothed edge or margin

sometimes in whorls somewhat hairy

The leaf is the organ with the highest

content of sweetener

Stem

Root

Foliage

ورقه بسيطة بيضاويه صغيره مسننه

bull The FlowersStevia classified as a short-day plant

placing the critical photoperiod at

12 to 13 hours depending on the

ecotype

Flowers are hermaphrodite

small whitish in terminal or axillary short

chapters grouped in corymbose panicles

االزهار صغيره خنثي بيضاء في مجاميع

The hermaphrodite flower is small whitish in

terminal or axillary short chapters grouped in

corymbose panicles A plant takes more than

a month to produce all their flowers The

plant is self-incompatible sporophytic type

and classified as obligatory

apomictic Pollination is by insects

Compound name R1 R2

Stevioside β-Glc β-Glc-β-Glc(2rarr1)

RebaudiosideA β-Glc β-Glc-β-Glc

I

β-Glc (3rarr1)

Rebaudioside C β-Glcβ-Glc -α-Rha(2rarr1)

I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)

Dulcoside A β-Glc β-Glc - α -Rha(2rarrl)

Rubusoside β-Glc β-Glc

Steviolbioside H β-Glc - β-Glc (2rarr1)

RebaudiosideB H β-Glc - β-Glc (2rarr1)

I

β-Glc (3rarr1)

Steviol (RI = R2 = H) is the aglycone of the steviol glycosides Glc and Rha

represent respectively glucose and rhamnose sugar moieties

The seven specific steviol glycosides

The component glycosides

of particular interest for

stevia leaf sweetening

property are stevioside and

Reb A

Powdered Stevia extracts

with 85ndash97 percent Sweet

glycosides (200-300 times

sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves

bull A variety of soil types ranging from course

textured sands to well drained loamsare suitable

for growing stevia

but not heavy clay or poorly drained sites

bull Stevia requires very good drainage system

bull Stevia can be grown on a wide range of soil with

pH range from 6 up to 9

bull soil should not be saline

bull Soils with very heavy clay content or high pH

should also be treated or avoided

Before planting each and every

soil sample should be properly

tested and analyzed by an expert

Soil type

bull Climate bull The plant is climatically suited to climates from

temperate to sub-tropical where temperatures

range between 21-43degC with an average of

24degC

bull During the growing season it

seems to thrive in a temperature

range of 15 degC to 34degC provided all

input resources and good

management practices are

incorporated

bull Plant Varieties

bull There are many of Stevia rebaudiana

varieties developed all around the world

These varieties have been developed

for different climate requirements and

Stevioside and rebaudioside content

bull The minimum market requirement of

Stevioside and rebaudioside is 9

bull The grower should select proper

varieties with adequate guarantees from

the planting material suppliers about

minimum assured stevioside and

rebaudioside contents

bull Planting

bull The types of agronomic practices

generally depend on type of soil and

climate conditions

bull Since the economical part is the leaves

it is very important to achieve highest

vegetative growth

Generally it is advisable to plant

minimum of 30000 to 40000 plants per

feddan

bull Planting

Transplants from cuttings would be

superior when enough stocks of stem

cuttings are available Cuttings may

form roots without any treatment but it

is better to be treated with commercial

rooting hormones IBA before

cultivation

Stevia tip cuttings propagate in plug

trays placed in a greenhouse for a

period of 7 to 8 weeks before moving to

the field

bull Planting

bull A suitable alternative method to prepare

sufficient amount of plants within short

time duration is the use of In vitro

cultures The micropropagation of

plants through shoot tip or axillary bud

culture allows recovery of genetically

stable and true to type progeny Stevia

can form multiple shoots from nodal

explants which are convenient type of

culture for culturing on large scale

bull Appropriate planting time

Transplanting the plantlets is applied

and planting on Feb at the ideal

temperature degree as in this

month the absent plants are the

least than in other months

bull Land preparation

bull Land should be ploughed initially with a disc plough or harrowed

to break down the colds

bull Around 25 MT of farmyard

manure Feddan has to be

applied

bull Leaser leveling the field help

plants to grow and utilize

irrigation water

bull Raised bed preparation

bull Forming raised beds is the most economical way to grow Stevia The raised bed should be of 15 cm in height and 60 cm in width

The distance between each

plant 20 - 25cm This would

give a plant population of

around 30000 per feddan

bull Irrigation

bull Stevia requires ample supply of good water all year around As

the plant cannot tolerate drought It is recommended to have drip

irrigation or Micro sprinklers for better results Frequent irrigation

is required so through micro sprinklers the water can be

sprinklers the water can be sprinkled once in a day in winter and

two to four times in a day in summer depending upon the heat

and relative humidity in the air

bull Pinching tips

Since Stevia has a significant apical dominance

the plant tends to grow tall and lanky

Pinching out the tips of the plants about

every 3-4 weeks for first 1-2 months after

transplanting in the feild This will encourage

side branching

bull Fertilizer application

bull Balanced slow release organic fertilizer

or manure which is tilled into the soil

before planting provides the ideal

nutrition

bullThe recommended dose of fertilizer is

1104545 NPKfeddanyear

bull Weeding

Removal of weeds can be done manually Since the crop is grown

in raised beds intercultural operations are easier by manual

labour

bull Plastic mulch can be an effective means of controlling weeds if it

can cover more of the planted and interrow areas

bull Weeding

Herbicides such as Pendimethalin [N-(1-Ethylpropyl)-34-

dimethyl-26-dinitro-benzenamine34-Dimethyl-26-dinitro-N-(1

ethylpropyl)aniline] and Bromacil [5-bromo-6-methyl-3-(1-

methylpropyl)-24(1H3H)-pyrimidinedione] have been reported

high effective in controlling stevia annual grasses and certain

broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting

bull Timing of harvest is an important aspect of harvesting It should

be noted that at no point of time plants should be allowed to

flower since after flowering the Stevioside percentage goes down

rapidly and leaves are rendered unmarketable

The first harvesting can be done four

to five months after planting (three

months after transplanting)

Subsequent harvesting can be done

every three months for three to five

consecutive years

Harvesting

bull Harvesting should be done as late as possible

bull Following harvest the whole plant is dried and the leaves

separated from the stems for further processing

bull If cut plant material is not dried quickly

leaf quality can deteriorate by oxidation

losing up to one third of stevioside

content after three days

A green dried leaf colour

is desirable and

represents good quality

Crushing

bull After drying leaves are stripped from the

stems by hand or a mechanical

thrasherseparator before leaves are packed

for transport to a processing facility

Crushing the dried leaves is the final step in

releasing Steviarsquos sweetening power The

dried leaves are powdered sieved and the

fine powder is stored in containers

Pests and Diseases

bull Diseases do not appear to be a major

problem to stevia although there are reports

claiming to record the first known incidence

of Sclerotinia leaf-spot Septoria black-spot

Alternaria Botrytis Fusarium (wilt)

Sclerotinia rolfsii (lsquowhite silkrsquo round the plant

stem) and Rhizoctonia (stem spots and

wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases

bull Stevia is usually the last plant insects will

feed on The plantrsquos sweetness seems to

provide a kind of natural defense against

aphids grasshoppers and other bugs Some

stevia varieties may be attacked by aphids

white fly and leaf cutters but not cause a

serious economic damage to the plants

White fly

الذبابه البيضاء

Mole cricket

Grasshoppersحشرة الحفار

Aphidsحشرة النطاط

حشرة المن

The use of dried leaves (pieces or powdered) is not

unacceptable in cooking and does leave a sediment in clear

drinks etc and can also leave a green colour in addition to

the unpleasant aroma associated with the dried leaves

Appropriate processing of the dry leaves can remove this

aroma which is due to specific leaf compounds (not

steviosides)

Methanol appears to be used in most extraction and

purification processes in Japan presumably to improve

extraction efficiency and facilitate the separation of individual

steviosides

More recent processing methods using water filtration

procedures do not use methanol and so produce a more

lsquonaturalrsquo product Newer factories in Brazil China and India use

water only extraction procedures and claim 96 purity of

product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract

In brief steviol glycosides are obtained by the

extraction of stevia leaves with water Leaves from

different varieties of stevia plants are used for

stevioside and rebaudioside A production Ferric

chloride and calcium hydroxide are added to the extract

solution to facilitate precipitation The extraction

solution is passed through plate filtration followed by

adsorption onto resin the glycosides are subsequently

eluted with ethanol The solution is decolored with

active carbon and concentrated with film evaporators It

is again decolored with active carbon and filtered The

concentrate is spray dried to obtain the primary stevia

extracts rich in stevioside or rebaudioside A Meaning

Stevia Leaves

With STVge45 contents

Water ExtractionPurified Water

Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange

Decoloring with active carbon

Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification

These extracts obtained from the first

extraction are further processed to obtain the

high purity stevioside and rebaudioside A

Dissolving materials

Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

Young stevia plant

The sweet herb of Paraguay Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

produces an alternative sweetener (steviol glycosides) in

its leaves

The advantage is that stevia

sweeteners are

In addition the sweet have functional

and sensory properties superior to

those of many other high potency

sweeteners




as sweet herb)









Guarani Indians











coffee or tea




stevia plant









stevioside




countries










Moises N Bertoni











among others







Fresh stevia leaves

Dry stevia leaves














Weight reduction


Non-toxic

Calorie free

Tonic for pancreas

Hypertension












2012

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2009 2010 2011 2016


Millio

n U

SD










companies in 2009






EUROPE9

SOUTH AMERICA

24

NORTH AMERICA

30

ASIA PACIFIC36

OTHERS1

Sited from




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(X 1000 ton)







conditions


100 to 150 USDkg


years





TOTAL INCOME 9000 9000 9000 9000 36000

NET PROFIT 5938 6388 6388 6388 25103

OF PROFIT 1939 2446 2446 2446 2303




TOTAL INCOME 6000 6000 6000 6000 24000

NET PROFIT 2938333 3388333 3388333 3388333 1310333

OF PROFIT 959 1297 1297 1297 1202




TOTAL INCOME (USD) 4000 4000 4000 4000 16000

NET PROFIT (USD) 9383333 1388333 1388333 1388333 5103333

OF PROFIT 306 531 531 531 468

















Stevia belongs to


Order Asterales





Stevia








Root

Foliage



المحليه









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal




as sweet herb)









Guarani Indians











coffee or tea




stevia plant









stevioside




countries










Moises N Bertoni











among others







Fresh stevia leaves

Dry stevia leaves














Weight reduction


Non-toxic

Calorie free

Tonic for pancreas

Hypertension












2012

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2009 2010 2011 2016


Millio

n U

SD










companies in 2009






EUROPE9

SOUTH AMERICA

24

NORTH AMERICA

30

ASIA PACIFIC36

OTHERS1

Sited from




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(X 1000 ton)







conditions


100 to 150 USDkg


years





TOTAL INCOME 9000 9000 9000 9000 36000

NET PROFIT 5938 6388 6388 6388 25103

OF PROFIT 1939 2446 2446 2446 2303




TOTAL INCOME 6000 6000 6000 6000 24000

NET PROFIT 2938333 3388333 3388333 3388333 1310333

OF PROFIT 959 1297 1297 1297 1202




TOTAL INCOME (USD) 4000 4000 4000 4000 16000

NET PROFIT (USD) 9383333 1388333 1388333 1388333 5103333

OF PROFIT 306 531 531 531 468

















Stevia belongs to


Order Asterales





Stevia








Root

Foliage



المحليه









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal











coffee or tea




stevia plant









stevioside




countries










Moises N Bertoni











among others







Fresh stevia leaves

Dry stevia leaves














Weight reduction


Non-toxic

Calorie free

Tonic for pancreas

Hypertension












2012

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2009 2010 2011 2016


Millio

n U

SD










companies in 2009






EUROPE9

SOUTH AMERICA

24

NORTH AMERICA

30

ASIA PACIFIC36

OTHERS1

Sited from




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(X 1000 ton)







conditions


100 to 150 USDkg


years





TOTAL INCOME 9000 9000 9000 9000 36000

NET PROFIT 5938 6388 6388 6388 25103

OF PROFIT 1939 2446 2446 2446 2303




TOTAL INCOME 6000 6000 6000 6000 24000

NET PROFIT 2938333 3388333 3388333 3388333 1310333

OF PROFIT 959 1297 1297 1297 1202




TOTAL INCOME (USD) 4000 4000 4000 4000 16000

NET PROFIT (USD) 9383333 1388333 1388333 1388333 5103333

OF PROFIT 306 531 531 531 468

















Stevia belongs to


Order Asterales





Stevia








Root

Foliage



المحليه









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal









stevioside




countries










Moises N Bertoni











among others







Fresh stevia leaves

Dry stevia leaves














Weight reduction


Non-toxic

Calorie free

Tonic for pancreas

Hypertension












2012

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2009 2010 2011 2016


Millio

n U

SD










companies in 2009






EUROPE9

SOUTH AMERICA

24

NORTH AMERICA

30

ASIA PACIFIC36

OTHERS1

Sited from




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(X 1000 ton)







conditions


100 to 150 USDkg


years





TOTAL INCOME 9000 9000 9000 9000 36000

NET PROFIT 5938 6388 6388 6388 25103

OF PROFIT 1939 2446 2446 2446 2303




TOTAL INCOME 6000 6000 6000 6000 24000

NET PROFIT 2938333 3388333 3388333 3388333 1310333

OF PROFIT 959 1297 1297 1297 1202




TOTAL INCOME (USD) 4000 4000 4000 4000 16000

NET PROFIT (USD) 9383333 1388333 1388333 1388333 5103333

OF PROFIT 306 531 531 531 468

















Stevia belongs to


Order Asterales





Stevia








Root

Foliage



المحليه









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal




countries










Moises N Bertoni











among others







Fresh stevia leaves

Dry stevia leaves














Weight reduction


Non-toxic

Calorie free

Tonic for pancreas

Hypertension












2012

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2009 2010 2011 2016


Millio

n U

SD










companies in 2009






EUROPE9

SOUTH AMERICA

24

NORTH AMERICA

30

ASIA PACIFIC36

OTHERS1

Sited from




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(X 1000 ton)







conditions


100 to 150 USDkg


years





TOTAL INCOME 9000 9000 9000 9000 36000

NET PROFIT 5938 6388 6388 6388 25103

OF PROFIT 1939 2446 2446 2446 2303




TOTAL INCOME 6000 6000 6000 6000 24000

NET PROFIT 2938333 3388333 3388333 3388333 1310333

OF PROFIT 959 1297 1297 1297 1202




TOTAL INCOME (USD) 4000 4000 4000 4000 16000

NET PROFIT (USD) 9383333 1388333 1388333 1388333 5103333

OF PROFIT 306 531 531 531 468

















Stevia belongs to


Order Asterales





Stevia








Root

Foliage



المحليه









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal


Moises N Bertoni











among others







Fresh stevia leaves

Dry stevia leaves














Weight reduction


Non-toxic

Calorie free

Tonic for pancreas

Hypertension












2012

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2009 2010 2011 2016


Millio

n U

SD










companies in 2009






EUROPE9

SOUTH AMERICA

24

NORTH AMERICA

30

ASIA PACIFIC36

OTHERS1

Sited from




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(X 1000 ton)







conditions


100 to 150 USDkg


years





TOTAL INCOME 9000 9000 9000 9000 36000

NET PROFIT 5938 6388 6388 6388 25103

OF PROFIT 1939 2446 2446 2446 2303




TOTAL INCOME 6000 6000 6000 6000 24000

NET PROFIT 2938333 3388333 3388333 3388333 1310333

OF PROFIT 959 1297 1297 1297 1202




TOTAL INCOME (USD) 4000 4000 4000 4000 16000

NET PROFIT (USD) 9383333 1388333 1388333 1388333 5103333

OF PROFIT 306 531 531 531 468

















Stevia belongs to


Order Asterales





Stevia








Root

Foliage



المحليه









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal










among others







Fresh stevia leaves

Dry stevia leaves














Weight reduction


Non-toxic

Calorie free

Tonic for pancreas

Hypertension












2012

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2009 2010 2011 2016


Millio

n U

SD










companies in 2009






EUROPE9

SOUTH AMERICA

24

NORTH AMERICA

30

ASIA PACIFIC36

OTHERS1

Sited from




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(X 1000 ton)







conditions


100 to 150 USDkg


years





TOTAL INCOME 9000 9000 9000 9000 36000

NET PROFIT 5938 6388 6388 6388 25103

OF PROFIT 1939 2446 2446 2446 2303




TOTAL INCOME 6000 6000 6000 6000 24000

NET PROFIT 2938333 3388333 3388333 3388333 1310333

OF PROFIT 959 1297 1297 1297 1202




TOTAL INCOME (USD) 4000 4000 4000 4000 16000

NET PROFIT (USD) 9383333 1388333 1388333 1388333 5103333

OF PROFIT 306 531 531 531 468

















Stevia belongs to


Order Asterales





Stevia








Root

Foliage



المحليه









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal













Weight reduction


Non-toxic

Calorie free

Tonic for pancreas

Hypertension












2012

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2009 2010 2011 2016


Millio

n U

SD










companies in 2009






EUROPE9

SOUTH AMERICA

24

NORTH AMERICA

30

ASIA PACIFIC36

OTHERS1

Sited from




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(X 1000 ton)







conditions


100 to 150 USDkg


years





TOTAL INCOME 9000 9000 9000 9000 36000

NET PROFIT 5938 6388 6388 6388 25103

OF PROFIT 1939 2446 2446 2446 2303




TOTAL INCOME 6000 6000 6000 6000 24000

NET PROFIT 2938333 3388333 3388333 3388333 1310333

OF PROFIT 959 1297 1297 1297 1202




TOTAL INCOME (USD) 4000 4000 4000 4000 16000

NET PROFIT (USD) 9383333 1388333 1388333 1388333 5103333

OF PROFIT 306 531 531 531 468

















Stevia belongs to


Order Asterales





Stevia








Root

Foliage



المحليه









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal










2012

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

2009 2010 2011 2016


Millio

n U

SD










companies in 2009






EUROPE9

SOUTH AMERICA

24

NORTH AMERICA

30

ASIA PACIFIC36

OTHERS1

Sited from




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(X 1000 ton)







conditions


100 to 150 USDkg


years





TOTAL INCOME 9000 9000 9000 9000 36000

NET PROFIT 5938 6388 6388 6388 25103

OF PROFIT 1939 2446 2446 2446 2303




TOTAL INCOME 6000 6000 6000 6000 24000

NET PROFIT 2938333 3388333 3388333 3388333 1310333

OF PROFIT 959 1297 1297 1297 1202




TOTAL INCOME (USD) 4000 4000 4000 4000 16000

NET PROFIT (USD) 9383333 1388333 1388333 1388333 5103333

OF PROFIT 306 531 531 531 468

















Stevia belongs to


Order Asterales





Stevia








Root

Foliage



المحليه









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal









companies in 2009






EUROPE9

SOUTH AMERICA

24

NORTH AMERICA

30

ASIA PACIFIC36

OTHERS1

Sited from




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(X 1000 ton)







conditions


100 to 150 USDkg


years





TOTAL INCOME 9000 9000 9000 9000 36000

NET PROFIT 5938 6388 6388 6388 25103

OF PROFIT 1939 2446 2446 2446 2303




TOTAL INCOME 6000 6000 6000 6000 24000

NET PROFIT 2938333 3388333 3388333 3388333 1310333

OF PROFIT 959 1297 1297 1297 1202




TOTAL INCOME (USD) 4000 4000 4000 4000 16000

NET PROFIT (USD) 9383333 1388333 1388333 1388333 5103333

OF PROFIT 306 531 531 531 468

















Stevia belongs to


Order Asterales





Stevia








Root

Foliage



المحليه









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

EUROPE9

SOUTH AMERICA

24

NORTH AMERICA

30

ASIA PACIFIC36

OTHERS1

Sited from




0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(X 1000 ton)







conditions


100 to 150 USDkg


years





TOTAL INCOME 9000 9000 9000 9000 36000

NET PROFIT 5938 6388 6388 6388 25103

OF PROFIT 1939 2446 2446 2446 2303




TOTAL INCOME 6000 6000 6000 6000 24000

NET PROFIT 2938333 3388333 3388333 3388333 1310333

OF PROFIT 959 1297 1297 1297 1202




TOTAL INCOME (USD) 4000 4000 4000 4000 16000

NET PROFIT (USD) 9383333 1388333 1388333 1388333 5103333

OF PROFIT 306 531 531 531 468

















Stevia belongs to


Order Asterales





Stevia








Root

Foliage



المحليه









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal



0

05

1

15

2

25

3

35

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

(X 1000 ton)







conditions


100 to 150 USDkg


years





TOTAL INCOME 9000 9000 9000 9000 36000

NET PROFIT 5938 6388 6388 6388 25103

OF PROFIT 1939 2446 2446 2446 2303




TOTAL INCOME 6000 6000 6000 6000 24000

NET PROFIT 2938333 3388333 3388333 3388333 1310333

OF PROFIT 959 1297 1297 1297 1202




TOTAL INCOME (USD) 4000 4000 4000 4000 16000

NET PROFIT (USD) 9383333 1388333 1388333 1388333 5103333

OF PROFIT 306 531 531 531 468

















Stevia belongs to


Order Asterales





Stevia








Root

Foliage



المحليه









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal






conditions


100 to 150 USDkg


years





TOTAL INCOME 9000 9000 9000 9000 36000

NET PROFIT 5938 6388 6388 6388 25103

OF PROFIT 1939 2446 2446 2446 2303




TOTAL INCOME 6000 6000 6000 6000 24000

NET PROFIT 2938333 3388333 3388333 3388333 1310333

OF PROFIT 959 1297 1297 1297 1202




TOTAL INCOME (USD) 4000 4000 4000 4000 16000

NET PROFIT (USD) 9383333 1388333 1388333 1388333 5103333

OF PROFIT 306 531 531 531 468

















Stevia belongs to


Order Asterales





Stevia








Root

Foliage



المحليه









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal





TOTAL INCOME 9000 9000 9000 9000 36000

NET PROFIT 5938 6388 6388 6388 25103

OF PROFIT 1939 2446 2446 2446 2303




TOTAL INCOME 6000 6000 6000 6000 24000

NET PROFIT 2938333 3388333 3388333 3388333 1310333

OF PROFIT 959 1297 1297 1297 1202




TOTAL INCOME (USD) 4000 4000 4000 4000 16000

NET PROFIT (USD) 9383333 1388333 1388333 1388333 5103333

OF PROFIT 306 531 531 531 468

















Stevia belongs to


Order Asterales





Stevia








Root

Foliage



المحليه









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

















Stevia belongs to


Order Asterales





Stevia








Root

Foliage



المحليه









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal






Root

Foliage



المحليه









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal









Stem

Root

Foliage






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal






Stem

Root

Foliage





ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal




ecotype












Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

Compound name R1 R2



I

β-Glc (3rarr1)


I

β-Glc (3rarr 1)





I

β-Glc (3rarr1)








Reb A




sweeter than sugar

(Sucrose)

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

Always Keep In

Mind We are

cultivating Stevia

for its leaves



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal



for growing stevia











Soil type




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal




24degC






incorporated














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal














bull Planting



climate conditions



vegetative growth



feddan

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

bull Planting







cultivation




the field

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

bull Planting






















applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal












applied



irrigation water







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal







bull Irrigation








bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

bull Pinching tips






side branching





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal





nutrition



bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

bull Weeding



labour



bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

bull Weeding






broadleaf weeds

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

bull Harvesting










consecutive years

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

Harvesting









is desirable and


Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

Crushing









Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

Pests and Diseases








wilting of leaves)

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

Pests and Diseases








White fly


Mole cricket



حشرة المن







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal







steviosides)




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal




steviosides





product

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

Process Flow

Diagram for

stevia Extract














Stevia Leaves



Precipitation

Filter

Ion Exchange


Concentration

Sterile Filtration


Spray drying

Packing

Quality control

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

Process Flow

Diagram for

Purification





Crystalization

Filtration

Concentration

Sterile Filtration

Spray drying

Packing

Storage

Dissolving crystal

Techno-economic study on Stevia production and … · Techno-economic study on Stevia production...

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Transcript of Techno-economic study on Stevia production and … · Techno-economic study on Stevia production...