TCF 333Shooting Video I

Dr. Chandra Clark

Camera Functions-Lens-Imaging Device/Pickup Device/Sensor

-Sensors:*CCD-charge coupled device*CMOS-complementary metal oxide semiconductor-Pixels-Chips

-Viewfinder

Camera Chain

Lens-main part of cameraZoom-doesn’t look good unless there’s a purposeFocus-should not look blurry; focus in on eyes or main

subjectGain-sensors that trick the camera into thinking they are

getting more light

Electronic FeaturesScanning HDTV – 720p and 1080p or 720iand 1080i- true

high definition***Best option is 1080p for highest level for blueray/hddvd/videogames

Aspect Ratio – 16x9, 4x3Shutter speed-avoid blurrinessWhite Balance-sets your colors by adjusting RGB; red,

green, and blueViewfinderTally LightHue/Saturation/Brightness

HDTV Lines of ResolutionResolution-sharpness of the picture/determined by number

of scanning linesHDTV 720p & 1080p/720i and 1080iI=interlaced scanningP-progressive scanning

Progressive vs. Interlaced

NTSC & PAL Lines of ResolutionNTSC: 525 lines/480 visible/PAL: 625 lines/25 frames per second

Contrast ControlHow much light or darkness to let inAvoid extreme contrastsBest ratio is 50:1 – “brightest picture area can be only 50

times brighter than darkest area”Monitor it with a waveform monitor

LensesZoom range – degree to which you can change the focal length

Expressed as 50:1 50x1; maximum magnification of the image

Zoom Lenses

Video Camera Zoom Lenses

Focal Length-Distance from the optical center to the front surface of the

imaging deviceWideNormal Telephoto

DistancesFocus: distance from the lens to the camera’s imaging

deviceMinimum Object Distance: point where the camera is as

close as it can get and still focusCalibrate-keep it in focus during a zoom; focus in on eyesDepth of field: objects are in focus at different distancesF-stop/Aperture/Iris: how much light goes through the lens

Higher the numbers, the smaller the aperture; lens closed considerably

Lower the numbers, the larger the aperture, lens is wide open

F-Stop

Camera MovesPan - move from side to sideTilt - move up and downTruck - move forward and back on wheelsCant - tilt camera sidewaysZoom - move in and out with lens; narrow or

wide

Who Shoots the Video?If YOU don’t, it doesn’t show up in the media.

PhotojournalistPhotographerVideojournalistVideographerMultimedia journalist (MMJ)ReporterGatekeeper

Camera MountsTripod - three legged mountMonopod - single pole to mount cameraMounting head - connects the camera to

tripodTripod plate-Every tripod has a different oneCamera stabilizing system - vest holds

camera

Tripods

Monopods

Camera Stabilizing System

Keeping it SteadyImpossible if breathingLean against wall or treeShoulder mounts helpKeep elbows inNatural tripods are greatMove only for 1)action or 2)

motivated

Field of View/Camera ShotsEstablishing shot, wide, extreme longLong or full shotMedium shot or waistMedium close up/interview shot/chest upCloseup - headExtreme closeup - eyes, ears, handsFraming resource

B-roll/Interview ShotsTwo-shotThree-shotOver the shoulderInterview/Cross-shotNodding HeadCutaways

Giving Room

HeadroomNoseroomLeadroomToo profiledRule of thirds180 Degree ruleZ-axis creates depthAvoid poles/lines/trees growing out of heads

Recent Examples:Caitlyn Chastainhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mZJ0NSgidiQ

Bryant Somervillehttp://www.abc3340.com/story/23283657/four-little-golden-girls-revisits-the-past-educates-future

Depth of Field – shallow, normal, wide

Shallow Depth of field

Normal Depth of Field

Wide Depth of Field

WideLenses

Narrow Angle Lens

Wide vs. Short Angle Lens