tcef; (1) - y#dyu©udk em;vnfjcif; · 80 y#dyu©Sifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; tudKrdwfuf &mvufp tcef; (1) -...
Transcript of tcef; (1) - y#dyu©udk em;vnfjcif; · 80 y#dyu©Sifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; tudKrdwfuf &mvufp tcef; (1) -...
80
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
tcef; (1) - y#dyu©udk
em;vnfjcif;
pmrsufESm (4)
1.1 - y#dyu©tqifhrsm;
tBudKoifcef;pm
1/ wpfwef;vHk;taejzifh ausmif;om;rsm;rS y#dyu© 10 rsdK;udk
pm&if;jyKpkyg/ ¤if;y#dyu©rsm;onf tBuD;pm; y#dyu©rsm;
vnf; jzpfEdkifonf/ Oyrm - jrpfqHka&umwm y#dyu©
odkYr[kwf tao;pm; y#dyu©wpfck? Oyrm - tpfudkESifh
tpfronf qkdifu,fwpfpD;twGuf tcsif;rsm;aeMuonf/
• ¤if;y#dyu©rsm;ukd oifykef;ay:wGif a&;csyg/
2/ wpfwef;vHk;taejzifh? oifykef;ay:wGif a&;om;xm;aom
y#dyu©rsm;ukd wpfOD;csif;vlyk*¾dKvfrsm;tMum;? vlrItpk
tzGJUrsm;tMum;ESifh EkdifiHrsm;tMum;wGif jzpfyGm;aom
y#dyu©rsm;tjzpf trsdK;tpm; cGJjcm;yg/
• ¤if;wdkYukd oifykef;ay:wGif trsdK;tpm; cGJjcm;a&;om;yg/
jzpfEdkifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
wpfOD;csif;vlyk*¾dKvfrsm;tMum; jzpfyGm;aom y#dyu©rsm;
- ajr&SifwpfOD;rS ajriSm;&rf;olrsm; rwwfEdkifonfh
yrmPtxd ajriSm;cudk wkd;jr§ifhvdkonf/
- uRefawmf^uRefr wufa&mufcsifaom ygwDyGJodkY
oli,fcsif;rS uRefawmf^uRefrudk rzdwfMum;cJhyg/
- vifr,m;ESpfa,mufonf ¤if;wdkY\uav; ausmif;
wuf&rnf (odk Y) tvkyfvkyf&rnf ponfjzifh
tjiif;yGm; &efjzpfaeMuonf/
vlrItpktzGJUrsm;tMum; jzpfyGm;aom y#dyu©rsm;
- &Srf;jynfawmifydkif; r[mrdwfwyfrawmfESifh jrefrm
tpdk;& ppfwyftMum; jzpfyGm;aom jynfwGif;ppf/
- tpkd;&\ ynma&;jyKjyifajymif;vJa&;ESifh ywfouf
NyD; ausmif;om;rsm;rS qE´jyjcif;/
- Oya'topfESifh ywfoufNyD; vdkif;um;orm;rsm;rS
qE´jy xkwfazmfjcif;/
- vufyHawmif;awmif aMu;eDwl;azmfa&; pDrHudef;ESifh
ywfoufNyD; qEjy xkwfazmfjcif;/
- &ckdifjynfe,fwGif jzpfyGm;aeaom vlrsdK;a&; y#dyu©
rsm;/
EdkifiHrsm;tMum; jzpfyGm;aom y#dyu©rsm;
- ppfat;wdkufyGJ
- 'kwd,urÇmppfyGJ
- tmz*efepöwefppfyGJ (2001 ckESpf)
- yxr t*Fvdyf - jrefrm ppfyGJ (1824 - 1826 ckESpf)
pmrsufESm (7)
avhusifhcef;
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS tajctaewpfckcsif;pD&Sd y#dyu©
tqifhrsm;udk trsdK;tpm; cGJjcm;yg/
tajzrsm;
1/ wpfOD;csif;vlyk*¾dKvfrsm;tMum;
2/ EdkifiHrsm;tMum;
3/ vlrItpktzGJUrsm;tMum;
4/ wpfOD;csif;vlyk*¾dKvfrsm;tMum;
5/ EdkifiHrsm;tMum;
6/ vlrItpktzGJUrsm;tMum;
7/ wpfOD;csif;vlyk*¾dKvfrsm;tMum; (odkY) vlrItpktzGJUrsm;
tMum; / / þtajctaeonf wpfOD;csif;vlyk*¾dKvfrsm;
tMum; (odkY) vlrItpktzGJUrsm;tMum; jzpfyGm;aom y#dyu©
wpfckck jzpfEdkifygonf/ yg0ifonfh Zmwfaumifrsm;rSm
wpfOD;csif;vlyk*¾dKvfESpfOD; jzpfMuonf/ okdYaomfvnf;
rwlnDaom vlrItpktzGJUrsm;vnf; yg0ifEdkifygonf/
Oyrm - &ckdiftrsdK;om;wpfa,mufrS ArmvlrsdK; tm;vHk;
onf ½kdif;pkdif;Muonf[k xifjrif,lqonf/
8/ wpfOD;csif;vlyk*¾dKvfrsm;tMum;
9/ vlrItpktzGJUrsm;tMum;
jyefvnfoHk;oyfcsuf
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;udk pOf;pm;NyD; ¤if;wdkY\
tawG;tjrifrsm;udk r*¾Zif;wpfckxJwGif a&;om;yg/ (odkY)
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd tkyfpkrsm;zGJUí
aqG;aEG; yg/
81
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
pmrsufESm (8)
1.2 - y#dyu©twGif;rS Zmwfaumif
rsm;
tBudKoifcef;pm
• ar;cGef;rsm;udk aqG;aEG;yg/ ausmif;ol om;rsm;\ tawG;
tjrifrsm;udk oifykef;ay:wGif a&;om;yg/
pmrsufESm (9)
avhusifhcef;
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS Oyrmay;xm;aom jzpf&yfrsm;udk
zwf½INyD; jzpf&yfwpfckcsif;pDwGif t"du yg0ifyHhykd;xm;aom
Zmwfaumifrsm;udk trsdK;tpm;cGJjcm;yg/
• tcsdKUaom jzpf&yfrsm;wGif yHhykd;rIay;onfh Zmwfaumifrsm;
ryg0ifaMumif;ESifh y#dyu© wpfckwGif t"duZmwfaumif
ESpfaumifxuf ydkaom Zmwfaumifrsm; yg0ifaMumif;
&Sif;jyyg/
tajzrsm;
(u) t"duZmwfaumifrsm; / / pd ki f;ausmf0if;?
eef;qefvsef
yHhydk;rIay;aom Zmwfaumifrsm; / / ¤if;wdkY\ uav;
rsm;
(c) t"duZmwfaumifrsm; / / apmatmifrsdK;? ol\
rdcifESifh zcif
yHhydk;rIay;aom Zmwfaumifrsm; / / ¤if;\ tzdk;
jzpfol
(*) t"duZmwfaumifrsm; / / pHyD;ESifh ¤if;\ rdbrsm;
yHhydk;rIay;aom Zmwfaumifrsm; / / olZm - olronf
pHyD;ESifh ¤if;\ rdbrsm;tMum; y#dyu©wGif yg0ifrI
tay: rlwnfNyD; y#dyu© umvtwGif; yg0ifonfh
t"duZmwfaumifwpfOD;vnf; jzpfEdkifonf/
(C) t"duZmwfaumifrsm; / / udka&T&? udkNzdK;armif
(i) t"duZmwfaumifrsm; / / qefapmrf(0f)? qdkifZD
(p) t"duZmwfaumifrsm; / / atmifatmif? eE´m?
EGef;[ef
yHhydk;rIay;aom Zmwfaumifrsm; / / q&m^rrsm;? tjcm;
ausmif;ol om;rsm;? q&mudk t"duZmwfaumifrsm;
tjzpf owfrSwfí r&Ekdifyg/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf
pDrHudef;ESifh ywfoufNyD; ausmif;ol^om;rsm;udk
udk,fhbmomudk qHk;jzwfcsufcscGifh jyKxm;aomaMumifh
jzpfonf/
tjcm;aom ausmif;ol om;rsm;uvnf; atmifatmif?
eE´m (odkY) EGef;[efwdkY\ ½Iaxmifhrsm;udkvnf; yHhydk;rI
ay;Ekdifonf/ ¤if;wdkYonf aqG;aEG;pum;0dkif;wGif
pdwf0ifpm;rI r&SdbJ oD;jcm;aecsifvnf; aeEdkifonf/
odkYr[kwf ¤if;wdkY\ oD;jcm;tawG;tjrifudkvnf;
wifjy tqdkjyKEdkifonf/ aemufqufwGJ jyóemrsm;
wGif ¤if;wdkY udk,fwkdifyif t"duZmwfaumifrsm;
jzpfvmEkdifonf/
pmrsufESm (10)
vkyfief;rsm; - t&HZmwfaumifrsm;\ u@
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS tcef; 1.2 &Sd jzpf&yfrsm;udk
jyefvnf avhvm&rnf/
1/ wpfOD;csif;pDjzpfap odkYr[kwf ESpfa,mufwpfwGJpDjzpfap?
¤if;wdkYrS jzpf&yfwpfckcktm; a&G;cs,fNyD; ay;xm;aom
pmom;xJwGif ryg0ifonfh tjcm; jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom yHhydk;rI
ay;onfh Zmwfaumifrsm;ukd awG;Munfhyg/
2/ ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom Zmwfaumifrsm;
vkyfaqmifEkdifonfh vkyf&yfrsm;ukd aqG;aEG;ajymqkdEkdifonf/
• y#dyu©\ wpfzufzuftm; yHhykd;rIay;jcif;onf wpfckwnf;
aom jzpfEkdifajc&Sdonfh Zmwfaumifu@jzpfaMumif; azmfjy
yg/ yHhydk;rIay;onfh ZmwfaumifwpfOD;\ vkyf&yfrsm;wGif
atmufygtcsufrsm; yg0ifonf/
- y#dyu©wpfck jzpfyGm;&ef vkyfaqmif&mwGif tultnD
ay;jcif;/
- t"duZmwfaumif wpfOD;OD;tm; yHhydk;rIay;jcif; (odkY)
¤if;wdkY\ ½Iaxmifhtm; yHhydk;rIay;jcif;/
- y#dyu©'PfaMumifh emusifcHpm;&jcif;/
- ZmwfaumifwpfOD; odkYr[kwf ESpfOD;pvHk;tay:wGif
vTrf;rdk;rI&Sdjcif;/
- y#dyu©tm; vHIYaqmfay;jcif;/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
(u) t&HZmwfaumifrsm; / / eef;qefvsef\ rdbrsm;/
vkyfaqmifcsufrsm; / / pdkif;ausmf0if;tm; ¤if;wdkYxH
vma&mufvnfywf&ef pnf;½Hk;jcif;/
yg0ifrIu@ / / t"duZmwfaumif wpfOD;tm;
yhHydk;rIay;jcif;/
(c) t&HZmwfaumifrsm; / / apmatmifrsdK;\ &nf;pm;
vkyfaqmifcsuf / / atmifrsdK; ausmif;rwufygu
olrrS ¤if;tm; edrfhcsajymqdkrnf jzpfonfhtwGuf
rdbrsm;u ausmif;wuf&ef tm;ay;pum; ajymMum;
onf/
yg0ifrIu@ / / t"duZmwfaumif wpfOD;tm;
yHhydk;rIay;jcif;/
82
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
(*) t&HZmwfaumifrsm; / / pHyD; rdom;pk\ w&m;a[m
q&m/
vkyfaqmifcsuf / / ESpfzufZmwfaumifrsm;tm;
ajz&Sif;csuf enf;vrf;wpfcktm; &SmazG&ef ajymMum;
jcif;/
yg0ifrIu@ / / y#dyu©tm; vHIYaqmfay;jcif;/
(C) t&HZmwfaumifrsm; / / udka&T&ESifh udkNzdK;armif\
oli,fcsif;rsm;/
vkyfaqmifcsuf / / udka&T&onf ¤if;\ oli,fcsif;
rsm;u olwdkYzufyg&ef wdkufwGef;aeaomaMumifh
t&SufuGJ&onf/
yg0ifrIu@ / / y#dyu©'PfaMumifh emusifcHpm;
&jcif;/
(i) t&HZmwfaumifrsm; / / nDtpfrESpfa,muf\
rdcif/
vkyfaqmifcsuf / / qefapmrf(0f) aps;roGm;rD
t½kyfrtm; qdkifZDtm; ay;tyf&ef/
yg0ifrIu@ / / ESpfzufZmwfaumifrsm;tay:wGif
vTrf;rdk;jcif;/
(p) t&HZmwfaumif / / ausmif;tkyf q&m^r
vkyfaqmifcsuf / / ausmif;tkyfq&mrrS ausmif;wGif
'Drdkua&pDpepf usifhoHk;apcsifaomaMumifh ausmif;om;
rsm; oif,lvG,fonfh enf;vrf;udk a&G;cs,fcGifhjyK&ef
q&m^rrsm;udk ajymMum;cJhonf/
yg0ifrIu@ / / Zmwfaumifrsm;tay:wGif vTrf;rdk;
jcif;/
pmrsufESm (12)
jrefrmha&;&m
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS pmtkyfyg taMumif;t&mrsm;udk
zwf½INyD; ¤if;wdkY em;rvnfonfhtcsufrsm;udk &Sif;vif;
ajymMum;yg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;udk ajzqdkyg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ &efukeftarGtESpf xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smufa&;tzGJU
'vNrdKUrS &efukefNrdKUawmf zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufrIaumfrwD tzGJU0if
rsm;/ Oyrm - roEÅm
2/ &efukeftarGtESpf xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smufa&;tzGJUrS þ
e,fajr twGif;&Sd a&S;a[mif;taqmufttHkrsm;udk e*dk
twkdif; xdef;odrf;xm;csifMuonf/
&efukefNrdKUawmf zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufrIaumfrwDu 'vbufjcrf;
rS vlrsm; vHkNcHKpGm vrf;jzwful;Edkif&eftwGuf vrf;avQmuf
wHwm;wpfck wnfaqmufcsifMuonf/
'vNrdKUbufjcrf;rS jynfolvlxkrsm; / / Oyrm - roEÅm
u vrf;jzwful;&mwGif vHkNcHKrI &Sdcsifonf/
3/ vrf;oGm;vrf;vmrsm; (odkYr[kwf um;rsm;twGuf)
ajratmufvrf;rsm; azmufay;NyD; vrf;avQmufwHwm;udk
tjcm;ae&mwpfckckokdY a&TUajymif;&ef/
wHwm;udkvnf; teD;tem;&Sd a&S;a[mif;taqmufttHk
rsm;ESifh udkufnDonfhpwkdiftwkdif; wnfaqmuf&ef/
jyefvnfoHk;oyfcsuf
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;udk awG;awmpOf;pm;
MuNyD; ¤if;wdkY\ tjrifrsm;udk r*¾Zif;wpfckwGif a&;om;
yg/ odkYr[kwf
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;udk tkyfpkrsm;zGJUí
aqG;aEG; Muyg/
pmrsufESm (13)
1.3 - y#dyu©\ aumif;usdK;ESifh
qdk;usdK;rsm;
tBudKoifcef;pm
• ar;cGef;rsm;udk aqG;aEG;NyD; ausmif;ol om;rsm;\ tawG;
tjrif rsm;udk oifykef;ay:wGif a&;om;yg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
- jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;/
- y#dyu©ESifh ywfoufNyD; ydkrdk oif,l&&SdEdkifonfh
tcGifhtvrf;rsm;/
- y#dyu©wpfckESifh ywfoufNyD; topf odkYr[kwf
tjcm; aom ajz&Sif;csufrsm;udk awG;ac:Ekdifonfh
tcGifhtvrf;rsm;/
- qufqHa&;wpfckck wdk;wufrI &&SdEkdifonfh tcGifhtvrf;
rsm;/
- y#dyu©wpfcktm; ydkrdk qdk;&Gm;vmEkdifonfh tajctae
rS BudKwifumuG,fay;Ekdif&ef tcGifhtvrf;/
- tjcm;wpfa,mufa,muf\ ½IaxmifhrS MunfhjrifEkdif
onfh tcGifhtvrf;/
pmrsufESm (11)
jyefvnfoHk;oyfcsuf
• ausmif;om;rsm;u ar;cGef;rsm;udk pOf;pm;NyD; ¤if;wdkY\
pdwful;tawG;rsm;udk csa&;NyD; (odkYr[kwf)
• ausmif;om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd tzGJUrsm;twGif;
aqG;aEG; onf/
83
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
vkyfief;rsm; - y#dyu©\ tqdk;? taumif;
1/ ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ]y#dyu©} ESifh qufET,fonfh
pum;vHk; rsm;tm; pm&if;jyKpkyg/
2/ ESpfa,mufwpfwGJpDjzifh? ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS jyKpkxm;
aom pm&if;rsm;udk EIdif;,SOfyg/ ¤if;wdkYwGif wlnDaom
pum;vHk; &Sd? r&Sd ppfaq;yg/
3/ ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ¤if;wdkY jyKpkxm;aom pm&if;rsm;&Sd
pum;vHk;rsm;udk rnfonfhtusdK;rS rjyKaom (ESifh) qdk;usdK;
jzpfapaom[k trsdK;tpm; cGJjcm;yg/
jzpfEdkifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
aumif;usdK; rnfonfhtusdK;rS qdk;usdK;
jzpfapaom rjyKaom jzpfapaom
tcGifhtvrf; cufcJonf qkd;onf
oabmwlnDcsuf jyóemrsm; (jynfwGif;) ppf
ajz&Sif;csuf jiif;ckHjcif; wkdufcdkufjcif;
tcGifhta&;rsm; pdwfcHpm;csufESifh tMurf;zufrI
qdkifaom
n§dEIdif;aqG;aEG;jcif; pmcsKyf tEÅ&m,f&Sdaom
aqG;aEG;jcif; t"duZmwfaumif aoewfrsm;
tusdK;tjrwf tmPm bufvdkufrIrsm;
vkyfydkifcGifh aumv[mvrsm;
tpnf;ta0; rrQwjcif;
vmbfpm;jcif;
vufeufrsm;
a'goxGufjcif;
cGJjcm;qufqHonf
atmfaigufjcif;
4/ tcef;wpf0dkuf vdkufywfNyD; txufyg ay;xm;aom
pm&if; oHk;ckrS rnfonfh pum;vHk;rsm;onf trsm;qHk;
yg0if onfudk ar;jref;yg/
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;\ tajzrsm;udk aqG;aEG;yg/ rnfonfh
pm&if;wGif pum;vHk;trsm;qHk; yg0ifygoenf;/
• tu,fí rnfonfhtusdK;rSrjyKaomESifh qdk;usdK;jzpfap
aom pum;vHk;rsm;u aumif;usdK;jzpfapaom pum;vHk;
rsm;xuf ydkrdk rsm;jym;aeygu? ¤if;tjcif;t&monf
y#dyu©ESifh ywfoufNyD; vltrsm;\ tjrifu rnfonfh
t&mukd qdkvdkaMumif; ausmif;ol om;rsm;udk ar;jref;yg/
pmrsufESm (14)
jrefrmha&;&m
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom pmom;rsm;udk zwf½I
NyD; ¤if;wdkY em;rvnfonfhtcsufrsm;udk &Sif;vif;ajym
Mum;yg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;udk ajzqdkyg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ vTwfawmftzGJU0ifrsm;rS a'ocHrsm;\ vdktyfcsufrsm;udk
awGU&SdrdNyD; a'ocHrsm;\ vdktyfcsufrsm;u a'ocHrsm;\
vkyfief; rsm;udk ykdrdk aumif;rGefvmaponfhtjyif vTwfawmf
tzGJU0ifrsm;twGufyg jynfolvlxkxHrS axmufcHtm;ay;
udk xyfavmif; &&Sd&ef taxmuftul jzpfapygonf/
e,fajrcH EdkifiHa&;orm;rsm;ESifh jynfolvlxktMum;wGif
qufqHa&; ydkrdk tm;aumif;vmapygonf/
2/ a'ocH &Gmol? &Gmom;rsm;uvnf; &mxl;&mcHjrifhrm;aom
EkdifiHa&;orm;rsm;xH wdkuf½dkufajymqkd&ef ,HkMunfrI&Sdvm
NyD; &mxl;jrifh EkdifiHa&;orm;rsm;\ vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk
vnf; oif,lavhvmEkdifMuonfhtjyif ¤if;wdkY\ udk,fykdif
NrdKUe,f twGif; oifwef;rsm; wufa&muf&efESifh tvkyf
tudkif &&Sd&ef tcGifhtvrf;rsm; ydkrdk &&SdvmMuonf/
xdkYtjyif a'ocH EkdifiHa&;orm;rsm;ESifh jynfolvlxk
tMum;&Sd qufqHa&;vnf; ydkrdk wdk;wufvmonf/
aqG;aEG;csuf
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;udk awG;ac:pOf;pm;NyD;
¤if;wdkY\ tawG;tjrifrsm;udk r*¾Zif;wpfckckwGif a&;om;
azmfjyyg/ odkYr[kwf
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS tkyfpkzGJUNyD; ar;cGef;rsm;udk aqG;aEG;
yg/
pmrsufESm (15)
1.4 - y#dyu©\ rlvZpfjrpfrsm;
tBudKoifcef;pm
• ar;cGef;rsm;udk aqG;aEG;NyD; ausmif;ol om;rsm;\ tawG;
tjrifrsm;udk oifykef;ay:wGif a&;om;yg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ em;vnfrIvGJjcif;? qufoG,fa&; rSm;,Gif;jcif;/
- rwlnDaom tjrifrsm; odkYr[kwf ½Iaxmifhrsm;/
- t&if;tjrpfrsm;tm; &&Sdjcif; odkYr[kwf ydkifqkdifjcif;/
- Zmwfaumifrsm;\ &nfrSef;csuf yef;wkdifrsm;tMum;
o[Zmw rrQjcif;/
84
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
3/ ar;cGef;wpfckcsif;^ vdktyfcsufwpfckcsif;pDtwGuf &rSwf
rsm;udk aygif;yg (¤if;wdkY\ udk,fydkif&rSwfrsm;udk xnfh
aygif;yg)/
4/ wpfwef;vHk;taejzifh? &v'frsm;udk aqG;aEG;yg/
5/ ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS tpD&ifcHpmwpfapmif? wifjycsuf
wpfckck odkYr[kwf aqG;aEG;jcif;wpfckck jyKvkyf&ef a&G;cs,f
yg/ þu@onf ausmif;ol om; vlOD;a&ay:wGifvnf;
rlwnfygonf/
• aqG;aEG;jcif;jyKvkyfjcif;? tpD&ifcHpma&;om;jcif;
odkYr[kwf wifjycsufwpfckck jyKvkyfjcif;wkdYonf ppfwrf;
\ &v'frsm;udk &SSif;jyNyD; qef;ppfrIrsm; jyKvkyf&rnf/
pmrsufESm (20)
jrefrmha&;&m
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom taMumif;t&mrsm;ukd
zwf½INyD; ¤if;wdkY em;rvnfonfh taMumif;t&mrsm;ukd
&Sif;vif;wifjyyg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;udk ajzqdkyg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ t"duZmwfaumifrsm; / / wdk;wufaom Ak'¨bmom
u&iftrsdK;om;wyfzGJU (DKBA) ESifh tpkd;& (jrefrm)
ppfwyf^ wyfrawmf
yHhydk;rIay;aom Zmwfaumifrsm; / / xkdif;ukrÜPDrsm;?
xdkif;tpkd;&? u&if? &Srf;ESifh u,m;jynfe,frS tjcm;aom
wkdif;&if;om; vufeufudkifrsm;? oHvGifjrpfeHab;&Sd
a'ocH jynfolrsm;? oHvGifjrpfapmifhMunfha&;tzGJU
2/ a'ocHjynfolrsm;\ vdktyfcsufrsm;
- 0rf;a&;zlvHkrI (vQyfppfrD;? 0ifaiGESifh tpm;taomuf
twGuf ig;zrf;cGifh&&Sda&;)
- vHkNcHKa&; (y#dyu©rsm;rS vHkNcHKjcif;? toufarG;0rf;
ausmif;rI vkyfief;wpfck&Sdjcif;? obm0ab;tEÅ&m,f
rsm; r&Sdaom aumif;rGefonfh obm0ywf0ef;usif
wGif aexkdifEdkifjcif;)
- yg0ifvkyfaqmifjcif; (¤if;wkdY\ ywf0ef;usifwGif
a&umwm pDrHudef;wpfckck wnfaqmufrnf? rwnf
aqmuf rnfudk qHk;jzwfEkdif&ef? Nidrf;csrf;a&;jzpfpOf
wGif yg0ifvkyfaqmifEkdif&ef tcGifhtvrf;rsm;)
- udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh (yg0ifvkyfaqmifjcif;twGuf)
- em;vnfoabmaygufrI (a&umwmaqmufvkyfjcif;
u ¤if;wdkYtay:wGif rnfodkYaom oufa&mufrIrsm;
&Sdvmrnf)/
- &nfrSef;csufyef;wkdifwpfcktm; atmifjrifrI&&Sd&ef
taumif;qHk; enf;vrf;tm; oabmwlnDrI r&Sdjcif;/
- Zmwfaumifrsm;tcsif;csif; rMudKufESpfoufjcif;ESifh
taESmifht,Sufay;jcif;/
- Zmwfaumifrsm;tMum; ,cif&SdcJhaom y#dyu©ordkif;
ESifh ¤if;ordkif;aMumif;tm; ausmfjzwf&ef tpGrf;tp
r&Sdjcif;/
- Zmwfaumifrsm; tMum;&Sd tmPm rwlnDrIrsm;/
pmrsufESm (17)
avhusifhcef;
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ay;tyfxm;aom ½kyfyHkrsm;ESifh
udkufnDonfh vkdtyfcsufrsm;udk wGJpyfyg/
tajzrsm;
1/ *
2/ Z
3/ C
4/ i
5/ c
6/ q
7/ p
8/ ps
9/ u
pmrsufESm (18)
vkyfief;rsm; - vlom;vdktyfcsufrsm; ppfwrf;
1/ ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ppfwrf;rsm;udk ¤if;wdkYudk,fwkdif
jznfhpGufyg/
2/ twef;jyifyrS vl 9 a,mufudk ppfwrf;tm; yg0if
jznfhpGuf&ef ar;jref;NyD; &v'frsm;udk rSwfwrf;jyKpkyg/
• tu,fí jzpfekdifrnfqdkygu? ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS
twef;jyify&Sd vlrsm;ukd ppfwrf;aumuf,loifhonf/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ppfwrf;rsm;udk rdwåLrul;,lbJ
ppfwrf;ajzqdkolrsm;udk rsufESmcsif;qkdif ar;cGef;rsm;
ar;jref;jcif;tm; vkyfaqmifEkdifonf/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS tajzrsm;udk pmrsufESm 17 &Sd
Z,m; wGif rSwfwrf;wif&rnf (odkYr[kwf pmrsufESm 17
rS Z,m;tm; ul;,lNyD; &rSwfrsm;udk rSwfom;xm;yg)/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS &rSwfrsm;udk aygif;NyD; tajzwpfck
csif;pDtwGuf yQrf;rQ&rSwfrsm;udk wGufcsufyg/
85
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
jrefrmppfwyf (wyfrawmf) rS atmufygtcsufrsm;udk vdktyf
onf/
- vHkNcHKa&; (wdk;wufaom Ak'¨bmom u&iftrsdK;om;
wyfzGJUrS jrefrmppfwyf^ jrefrmtpdk;&\ vHkNcHKa&;udk
Ncdrf;ajcmuf aeonf/)
- 0rf;a&;zlvHkrI (¤if;wkdY\ ppfom;rsm;ESihf ppfom;
rdom;pk rsm;\ tpm;taomufESifh tdrf&maxmufyHhrI
rsm; twGuf ¤if;wdkY axmufyHhay;&onfh twGuf
aMumihf jzpfonf/)
- jzpfwnfrI (ppfom;rsm;tjzpf? jynfaxmifpkwpfcktm;
umuG,folrsm;tjzpf)
wdk;wufaom Ak'¨bmom u&iftrsdK;om;wyfzGJUrS atmufyg
tcsufrsm; ukd vdktyfonf/
- vHkNcHKa&; (¤if;wdkY\ vHkNcHKa&;ESifh ¤if;wdkY tajccs&m
vlrItokdif;t0dkif;twGuf)
- jzpfwnfrI (wkdif;&if;om;wpfa,muftjzpf? wdkif;&if;
om; tcGifhta&;ESifh ,Ofaus;rItm; umuG,fol
tjzpf)
- yg0ifvkyfaqmifjcif; (¤if;wdkY\ vlrItodkif;t0dkif;ESifh
ywf0ef;usifwGif rnfodkYaom a&umwmpDrHudef;rsm;
vkyfaqmifrnfudk qHk;jzwf&mwGif yg0ifvkyfaqmif&ef
tcGifhtvrf;rsm; &&Sd&ef)
- udk,fykdiftkyfcsKyfcGifh (¤if;wkd Y\ e,fajr^u&if
jynfe,f wGif ¤if;wdkYudk,fwkdif tkyfcsKyfcGifh &&Sdxm;
aMumif; cHpm;apEdkif&ef)
3/ obm0t&if;tjrpfrsm;onf wdk;wufaom Ak'bmom
u&iftrsdK;om;wyfzGJUESifh jrefrmppfwyftMum; wkdufckdufrI
\ wpfckwnf;aom taMumif;jycsuf r[kwfbJ ESpfzuf
Zmwfaumifrsm;\ vdktyfcsufrsm; r&&Sdvmygu wdkufckduf
rIrsm; qufvuf jzpfyGm;aerSmyJ jzpfonf/
- vdktyfcsufrsm;onf y#dyu©\ tjrpfwG,faeaom
tajccH&if;jrpfrsm; jzpfMuonf/ ¤if;wdkYonf y#dyu©
jzpfyGm;&onfh yifr&if;jrpfrsm; jzpfonfhtwGuf
obm0 t&if;tjrpfrsm;xuf ydkí ta&;BuD;onf/
- vdktyfcsufrsm;udk vlwkdif; em;vnfoabmayguf
MuNyD; ¤if;vdktyfcsufrsm;udk r&&Sdonfh cHpm;csufrsm;
ukdvnf; em;vnfoabmaygufMuonf/
- vkdtyfcsufrsm;taMumif; ajymqdkjcif;onf y#dyu©
twGif;&Sd Zmwfaumiftm;vHk;ukd ¤if;wdkY\ vdktyfcsuf
rsm; &&Sd&ef [efYwm;aeaom jyóemrsm;ESifh
ajz&Sif;csufrsm;udk aqG;aEG;&ef ESpfOD;ESpfzuf rQw
aom tajctaeudk jzpfay:apygonf/
pmrsufESm (21)
aqG;aEG;csuf
• wpfwef;vHk;taejzifh odkYr[kwf tkyfpkrsm;zGJUíjzpfap?
ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;udk aqG;aEG;yg/
• atmufygtcsufrsm;udk azmfxkwfyg/
- vkdtyfcsufrsm;udk r&&Sdjcif;onf yHkrSeftm;jzifh 0rf;enf;
jcif;? pdwftvdkrusjcif;? a'gojzpfjcif;? txD;usef
jcif;? odrfi,fjcif;? aMumuf&GHUjcif; ponfjzifh tysuf
oabmaqmifaom cHpm;csufrsm;udk jzpfay:aponf/
- vltrsm; tpmiwfjcif;aMumifh aoqHk;ukefvQif
rnfonfh t&mrsm;udkrS oif,lavhvmEkdifjcif;
odkYr[kwf tem;,ljcif;ESifh aysmf&TifrIrsm; &&SdrSm r[kwf
onfh twGufaMumifh 0rf;pmzlvHka&; vdktyfcsufrsm;
udk em;vnfoabmaygufjcif; odkYr[kwf pnf;pdrf
vdktyfcsufrsm;xuf yHkrSeftm;jzifh ydkNyD; OD;pm;ay;wwf
Mu onf/
- tMurf;zufy#dyu©wpfckcktwGif; vltrsm; towfcH
&vQif ¤if;wdkY\ vlrItodkif;t0dkif;wGif yg0ifrvkyf
aqmifEkdifjcif; odkYr[kwf wpfckcktm; zefwD;EkdifrI
r&Sdjcif; ponfhtcsufrsm;aMumifh vHkNcHKa&;vdktyfcsuf
udk yg0ifvkyfaqmifjcif; odk Yr[kwf cHpm;csuf
xkwfazmfjcif; vdktyfcsufrsm;xuf rsm;aomtm;jzifh
OD;pm;ay;Muonf/
pmrsufESm (22)
1.5 - trSwftom;o½kyfvu©Pm
rsm;u y#dyu©\ taMumif;
t&if;cH jzpfvmjcif;
tBudKoifcef;pm
• ar;cGef;rsm;udk aqG;aEG;NyD; ausmif;ol om;rsm;\ tawG;
tjrifrsm; udk oifykef;ay:wGif a&;om;yg/
86
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
pmrsufESm (25)
1.6 - pHwefzdk;xm;rIrsm;u y#dyu©
\ taMumif;t&if;cH
jzpfvmjcif;
tBudKoifcef;pm
• ar;cGef;rsm;ukd aqG;aEG;NyD; ausmif;ol om;rsm;\ tawG;
tjrifrsm;udk oifykef;ay:wGif a&;csyg/
vkyfief;rsm; - o½kyfvu©Pmjy yef;yGifh
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom yHkxJ&Sd trsdK;orD;tm;
Munfh½INyD; ¤if;trsdK;orD;ESifh ywfoufaom o½kyf
vu©Pmjy yef;yGifh wpfyGifhtm; a&;qGJyg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS trsdK;orD;yHkwGif ¤if;wdkY awGUjrif&
aom o½kyfvu©PmwpfckpDtm; yGifhzwftcsdKUay:wGif
a&;om;yg/
• tjcm;usef&Sdonfh yGifhzwfrsm;ay:wGif ausmif;ol om;rsm;
rS rjrifawGUEdkifonfh o½kyfvu©Pmrsm;ukd a&;om;yg/
jzpfEdkifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ ytkd0f;vlrsdK;? rdcifwpfOD;? aps;onf
2/ tpfr? Ak'¨bmom0iforD;wpfa,muf? ½dk;&m"avhtu
r,f? ajr&mtcGifhta&; vIyf&Sm;olwpfOD;
pmrsufESm (24)
jrefrmha&;&m
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom taMumif;t&mrsm;udk
zwf½INyD; em;rvnfonfh tcsufrsm;ukd wifjyar;jref;yg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;udk ajzqdkyg/
jzpfEdkifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ o½kyfvu©Pm\ ta&;BuD;aom tpdwftydkif;ESpfck
jzpfonfh bmompum;ESifh ,Ofaus;rIwdkYudk ynma&;rS
wpfqifh qufvuf xdef;odrf;xm;onf/
2/ o½kyfvu©Pm (jzpfwnfrI) tm; rsdK;qufwkdif;udk
oifMum; ay;jcif;jzifh o½kyfvu©Pm a&&SnfwnfwHhatmif
xdef;odrf;jcif;tm; ynma&;u taxmuftul jzpfap
onf/
3/ u&ifynma&;Xme (Karen Education Department –
KED) onf u&ifwkdif;&if;om;vlrsdK; o½kyfvu©Pmudk
qufvuf xdef;odrf;Ekdif&eftwGuf ynma&;udk toHk;jyK
NyD; u&ifordkif;ESifh u&ifbmompum;ukd ¤if;wdkY\
ausmif;rsm;wGif xnfhoGif; oifMum;jyovQuf&Sdonf/
ausmif;ol^om;rsm; &&Sdonfh tusdK;aus;Zl; / /
ausmif;ol^ om;rsm;onf y#dyu©umvtwGif;ESif h
'ku©onf rsm;tjzpf ynma&;udk oif,l&&SdEkdifMuonf/
xdkYtjyif ¤if;wdkY\ wkdif;&if;om;vlrsdK;ordkif;ESifh bmom
pum; xnfhoGif;xm;aom ynma&;udkvnf; oif,lEdkif
Muonf/
aqG;aEG;csuf
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm; ar;cGef;rsm;udk ajzqdk&ef pOf;pm;
awG;ac:MuNyD; ¤if;wdkY\ tjrifrsm;udk r*¾Zif;wpfckckwGif
a&;om;yg/ okdYr[kwf
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;udk tkkyfpkkzGJU aqG;aEG;yg/
pmrsufESm (23)
avhusifhcef;
• ay;xm;csufrsm; rSefonf^rSm;onfudk ausmif;ol^om;
rsm;rS qHk;jzwfyg/
tajzrsm;
1/ rSm;onf
2/ rSefonf
3/ rSm;onf
4/ rSefonf
5/ rSefonf
vkyfief;rsm; - uRefawmf r\ o½kyfvu©Pmjy
yef;yGifh
1/ pm&GufBuD;wpf&Gufay:wGif ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ¤if;wdkY
\ o½kyfvu©Pmjy yef;yGifhrsm;udk a&;qGJyg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ¤if;wdkYwGif jrifawGUEkdifaom? rjrif
awGUEdkifaom o½kyfvu©Pmrsm;udk yGifhzwfrsm;ay:wGif
a&;om;yg/
2/ ESpfa,mufwpfwGJpDjzifh? ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS o½kyf
vu©Pmjy yef;yGifhrsm;udk EIdif;,SOfNyD; ar;cGef;rsm;udk
aqG;aEG; yg/
• oifwdkY qE&Sdygu? ausmif;ol om;rsm;\ o½kyfvu©Pm
jy yef;yGifhrsm;udk eH&Hay:wGif uyf&ef ajymMum;Ekdifonf/
87
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
pmrsufESm (26)
avhusihfcef;
tajzrsm;
u? *? i
vkyfief;rsm; - pHwefzdk;rsm;ppfwrf;? tydkif; 1
1/ ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aomtcsufrsm;udk zwf½I
NyD; ¤if;wdkY em;rvnfonfhtcsufrsm;ukd wifjyar;jref;yg/
• wpfa,mufcsif;pDjzifh? ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;csuf
wpfcsufcsif;pDESifh ¤if;wdkY oabmwlonf? oabmrwl
onfudk qHk;jzwfMuyg/
2/ ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ¤if;wdkY oabmtwlqHk;jzpfonfh
tcsuf 5 csufudk a&G;cs,fyg/
pmrsufESm (30)
jrefrmha&;&m
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom taMumif;t&mrsm;udk
zwf½INyD; em;rvnfonfhtcsufrsm;udk wifjyar;jref;yg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd ajzqdkyg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ bk&m;ausmif;wpfausmif;onf rGefjrwfoefYpifrI\
pHwefzdk;udk udk,fpm;jyKonf/ bk&m;ausmif;topf
wpfausmif; xyfraqmufEkdifjcif;onf vltrsm;u
¤if;wdkY \ rGefjrwfoefYpifrIpHwefzdk;ESifh aeYpOfaeYwdkif;
xdawGUrI &Sd&ef tcuftcJjzpfaeaMumif; t"dyÜm,f
aumufEdkifonf/
2/ bk&m;ausmif;wpfausmif; jyefvnfwnfaqmufEkdifjcif;
uvnf; wef;wlnDrQrI pHwefzdk;ukd nTefjyonfhtcsufyJ
jzpfonf/ tu,fí wef;wlnDrQrIonf þvlYtzGJUtpnf;
pmrsufESm (28)
vkyfief;rsm; - pHwefzdk;rsm;ppfwrf;? tydkif; 2
1/ ¤if;wkdY a&G;cs,fxm;onfhtcsufrsm;udk pHwefzdk;rsm;
ppfwrf; 'kwd,ykdif;&Sd pHwefzdk;rsm;ESifh ,SOfwGJyg/
2/ ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS tqdkyg pHEIef;rsm;udk yHhykd;rIay;onfh
¤if;wdkY\ yHkrSefvkyfaqmifcsufrsm;ukd pm&if;jyKpkyg/
Oyrm - tu,fí usef;rma&;onf ta&;BuD;aom
pHwefzdk;jzpfygu? vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;wGif yHkrSef avhusifhcef;
vkyfjcif;ESifh aeYpOfaeYwkdif; opfoD;rsm; pm;oHk;jcif;wdkY
yg0ifEkdifonf/
3/ ESpfa,mufwpfwGJ odkYr[kwf tkyfpkrsm;zGJUí ausmif;ol^
om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd aqG;aEG;yg/
\ ta&;BuD;aom pHwefzdk;wpfckjzpfygu? vlrsm;pk
bmoma&; tzGJUrS tjcm; bmomudk;uG,fol vlenf;pktm;
wlnDpGm rqufqHjcif;onf tqdkyg vlYtzGJUtpnf;&Sd
vlrsm; onf ¤if;wkdY\ wef;wlnDrQrI pHwefzdk;twkdif;
aexkdifrI r&SdaMumif; ay:vGifaponf/
3/ rSefygonf/ tzGJUESpfzGJUwGif rwlnDaom pHwefzdk;rsm; &SdMu
ygonf/ tajzrsm;onf tzGJUwpfzGJUcsif;pD\ pHwefzdk;rsm;
tvdkuf ajymif;vJrI&SdEdkifonf/
- rSefygonf/ tpdk;&rS ¤if;wdkY\ pHwefzdk;rsm;onf
[dE´L bmom udk;uG,folrsm;\ pHwefzdk;xuf ydkrdk
ta&;BuD; onf[k xifjrif,lqxm;onf/
- rSefygonf/ [dE´Lbmomudk;uG,folrsm;uvnf;
¤if;wdkY\ pHwefzdk;rsm;onf tpdk;&\ pHwefzdk;rsm;
xuf ydkrdk ta&;BuD;onf[k xifjrif,lqxm;onf/
- rrSefygbl;/ tzGJUESpfzGJUpvHk;u ¤if;wkdY\ pHwefzdk;rsm;
onf wlnDpGm ta&;BuD;onf[k xifjrif,lqNyD;
¤if;wdkY \ &nfrSef;csufrsm; ([dE´Lbmom0ifrsm;
tzGJUbufrS bk&m;ausmif;topfwpfausmif; &&Sdonf/
tpdk;&uvnf; vdktyfaom tdrf&mtaqmufttHkrsm;
aqmufvkyf&ef ajrae&m &&SdoGm;onf/) &&Sd&eftwGuf
twlwuG yl;aygif;vkyfaqmif&ef qE&SdMuonf/
pmrsufESm (31)
jyefvnfoHk;oyfcsuf
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd pOf;pm;NyD; ¤if;wdkY\
tawG;tjrifrsm;ukd r*¾Zif;wpfckckwGif a&;om;yg/
odkYr[kwf
• tkyfpkrsm; zGJUí ar;cGef;rsm;ukd aqG;aEG;yg/
pmrsufESm (32)
ed*Hk;csKyf
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS tif'dkeD;&Sm;EkdifiH\ tmacs;vlrsdK;a&;
jzpf&yfavhvmcsuftm; zwf½INyD; ar;cGef;rsm;ukd ajzqdkyg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
(u) tkyfpkrsm;tMum;/
(c) vGwfvyfaom tmacs;vlrsdK;rsm; vIyf&Sm;rI (Free
Aceh Movement)? tif'dkeD;&Sm; tpdk;&ESifh ppfwyf/
(*) vGwfvyfaom tmacs;vlrsdK;rsm; vIyf&Sm;rI\ &nfrSef;
csuf / / vGwfvyfa&; &&Sd&ef? udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh
&&Sd&efESifh tmacs;vlrsdK;rsm;twGuf obm0 o,H
Zmw rsm;ukd pDrHcefYcGJEdkif&ef/
88
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
tydk vkyfief;pOf - owif;rD'D,may:wGif jzpfyGm;aom
y#dyu©
• vIyf&Sm;rI rjyKvkyfcif? owif;pmtcsdKUtm; pkaqmif;
yg odkYr[kwf ausmif;om;rsm;udk pkaqmif;ckdif;yg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS tkyfpktvkduf owif;pm
zwf½Iyg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS y#dyu©taMumif; a&;om;
xm;aom aqmif;yg;rsm;ukd owif;pmxJwGif &Smyg/
- y#dyu©\ jyóemrSm tb,fenf;/
- jzpfyGm;aeonfh y#dyu©\ tqifhrSm tb,f
enf;/
- t"duZmwfaumifrsm;rSm tb,fenf;/ ¤if;wdkY
\ &nfrSef;csufrsm;rSm tb,fenf;/
- t&HZmwfaumifrsm;rSm tb,fenf;/
- y#dyu© rnfodkY pwifjzpfyGm;cJhoenf;/ rnfodkY
NyD;qHk;cJhoenf;/ NyD;qHk;oGm;cJhNyD; jzpfygovm;/
- y#dyu©twGif; usm;? r u@onf rnfonfh
tcef;rS yg0if vkyfaqmifoenf;/
- ESpfzufpvHk;rS ¤if;wdkY\ vdktyfcsufrsm;udk r&&SdcJhMu
ao;ay/
- tif'dkeD;&Sm;tpdk;&rSvnf; ¤if;wdkY owfjzwfcJhonfh
vGwfvyfaom tmacs;vlrsdK;rsm; vIyf&Sm;rI (GAM)
ppfom;rsm; odkYr[kwf y#dyu©umvtwGif; tmacs;
vlrsdK;rsm;\ emusifcHpm;rIrsm;twGuf awmif;yef
ajymMum;&ef vkyfaqmifcsufrsm; wpfckrS rjyKvkyf&
ao;ay/
- tif'dkeD;&Sm;tpdk;&\ &nfrSef;csuf / / tmacs;
wkdif;&if;om; e,fajrtm; tif'dkeD;&Sm;EkdifiH\ tpdwf
tydkif;tjzpf qufvuf wnfNrJap&ef (tmacs;
vlrsdK;rsm; tay: xdef;csKyfcGif htm; qufvuf
qkyfudkif xm;Ekdif&ef)? obm0o,HZmwrsm;ukd
xdef;csKyf Edkif&ef/
(C) 0rf;a&;zlvHkrI? vHkNcHKa&;? yg0ifvkyfaqmifjcif;?
o½kyf vu©Pm (jzpfwnfrI) xdef;odrf;&ef? udk,fydkif
tkyfcsKyfcGifh&a&;/
(i) rGefjrwfoefYpifjcif;? wef;wlrQwrI&Sdjcif;? wuf<u
Edk;Mum;aom EkdifiHom;jzpfjcif;? pdwf"mwfBuHhckdifjcif;/
(p) tmacs;vlrsdK;rsm;u ¤if;wdkY udk;uG,fonfh bmoma&;
omvQif tif'd keD;&Sm;Ek difiH&S d tpövmrfbmom
udk;uG,frI rsm;wGif a&S;tusqHk;jzpfonf[k ,HkMunf
xm;Mu onf/ ¤if;wdkY\ bmoma&; o½kyfvu©Pm
onf tif'dkeD;&Sm; vlrsdK;rsm;\ bmoma&; o½kyf
vu©Pm ESifh rwlnDbJ uGJjym;rI&Sdonf/
- tmacs;vlrsdK;rsm;onf tif'dkeD;&Sm;EkdifiHtm; 'wfcsf
vlrsdK;rsm;rS e,fcsJUodrf;ydkufxm;aom umvtwGif;
e,fcsJUvufatmufcH jzpfcJhNyD; aemufydkif;wGif 'wfcsf
udkvdkeDe,fcsJUrsm;udk wGef;vSefwkdufxkwfcJhonf/ þ
tcsufuyif tmacs;vlrsdK;rsm;\ pdwf"mwfBuHhckdifrI
udk azmfjyNyD; rsm;pGmaom tmacs;vlrsdK;rsm;uvnf;
xdktcsufudk *kPf,l0ifh<um;Muonf/ þenf;jzifh
¤if;wdkY\ tmacs;wkdif;&if;om;vlrsdK; o½kyfvu©Pm
onf tif'dkeD;&Sm; vlrsdK;rsm;\ o½kyfvu©PmESifh
uGmjcm; ygonf/
(q) rSefygonf/ y#dyu©tm; ajz&Sif;EkdifcJhMuonf/
- wdkufyGJrsm; &yfqkdif;oGm;cJhonf/
- Nidrf;csrf;a&;oabmwlnDcsufudkvnf; vufrSwf
a&;xdk;cJhMuonf/
- tmacs;vlrsdK;rsm;onf ¤if;wdkY\ e,fajra'otwGuf
udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh &&SdcJhMuonf/
- tmacs;vlrsdK;rsm;onf ¤if;wkdY\ e,fajrtwGif;&Sd
obm0 o,HZmwrsm;ukd udk,fwdkifxdef;csKyfEkdifcGifh
&&SdcJhonf/
- tmacs;vlrsdK;rsm;onf ¤if;wdkYa'otwGif; a&G;aumuf
yGJ usif;yNyD; ¤if;wkdY\ acgif;aqmifudk udk,fwkdif
a&G;cs,f EdkifMuonf/
- odkYr[kwf
rSm;ygonf/ y#dyu©tm; rajz&Sif;&ao;yg/
- Nidrf;csrf;a&;oabmwlnDcsufESifh typftcwf&yfpJ
a&;onf tvGefqdk;&Gm;aom obm0ab;tEÅ&m,f\
&v'fwpfckjzpfNyD; Nidrf;csrf;a&;twGuf ppfrSefaom
oabm wlnDcsuf wpfckawmh r[kwfcJhay/
89
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
tcef; (2) - Nidrf;csrf;a&;ukd
em;vnfjcif;
pmrsufESm (34)
2.1 - Nidrf;csrf;a&;udk t"dyÜm,f
zGifhqdkjcif;
tBudKoifcef;pm
1/ ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS Nidrf;csrf;a&;\ t"dyÜm,f zGifhqdkcsuf
udk a&;om;yg/
2/ ESpfa,mufwpfwGJpDjzifh? ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ¤if;wdkY\
t"dyÜm,f zGifhqdkcsufrsm;udk EIdif;,SOfyg/
pmrsufESm (35)
avhusifhcef;
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom Oyrmjzpf&yfrsm;udk
zwf½INyD; Nidrf;csrf;a&;trsdK;tpm;rsm;ESifh wGJpyfyg/
tajzrsm;
1/ c
2/ *
3/ u
pmrsufESm (36)
jrefrmha&;&m
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom taMumif;t&mrsm;udk
zwf½INyD; em;rvnfonfhtcsufrsm;udk wifjyar;jref;yg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd ajzqdkyg/
jzpfEdkifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ vlyk*d¾KvfwpfOD;csif;\ Nidrf;csrf;a&;onf vlrItzGJUtpnf;
twGif; Nidrf;csrf;a&;r&cif t&if&Sdae&rnf/ tu,fí
jynfolrsm;rS ¤if;wkdY\ pdwfoP²mefwGif Nidrf;csrf;a&; r&Sd
xm;ygu? ¤if;wdkY aexdkif&m ae&ma'o ywf0ef;usifwGif
Nidrf;csrf;a&; &&Sdvmvdrfhrnf[k rnfaomtcgrS cHpm;Mu&
vdrfhrnf r[kwfyg/
2/ rdrdwdkY\ twGif;pdwfoP²mefwGif Nidrf;csrf;rI&Sdaom jynfol
rsm; onf ¤if;wkdY aexkdif&m ywf0ef;usif tokdif;t0dkif;wGif
Nidrf;csrf;a&; &&Sdvmap&eftwGuf pnf;½Hk;vIHYaqmfvm
vdrhfrnf/
- rdrdwdkY\ twGif;pdwfoP²mefwGif Nidrf;csrf;rI&Sdaom
jynfolrsm;onf ¤if;wkdY aexkdif&m ywf0ef;usif
tokdif;t0dkif;&Sd tjcm;olrsm;udkvnf; Nidrf;csrf;rItm;
cHpm;&&Sdekdif atmif ulnDvkyfaqmifay;jcif;jzifh vlY
tokdif;t0dkif;wpfckpvHk; jidrf;csrf;rI &&Sdvmvdrfhrnf
jzpfonf/
aqG;aEG;csuf
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS wpfwef;vHk;taejzifh odkYr[kwf
tkyfpkrsm;zGJUí ar;cGef;rsm;udk aqG;aEG;yg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ vlyk*d¾Kvfa&;tqifh / / tu,fí jynfolwpfOD;csif;pD
wkdif;wGif pdwfNidrf;csrf;rI r&Sdygu? vlrsm;tMum;? tkyfpk
rsm; tMum; odkYr[kwf vlrItzGJUtpnf;xJwGif Nidrf;csrf;a&;
&Sdvmrnf r[kwfaomaMumifh jzpfonf/
- vlrIqufqHa&;tqifh / / y#dyu©ESifh tMurf;zufrI
rsm;udk avsmhcs&ef taumif;qHk;enf;vrf;rSm tjcm;
vlwpfOD;wpfa,mufESifh aumif;rGefaom qufqHa&;
&&Sdxm;&ef vdktyfaomaMumifh jzpfonf/ vltkyfpk
i,frsm; aygif;pnf;í vlrItzGJUtpnf;wpfck jzpfvm
onfh twGufaMumifh vlwpfa,mufcsif;pDtMum;&Sd
Nidrf;csrf;a&;onf vlrItzGJUtpnf;wpfckvHk;taejzifh
Nidrf;csrf;a&; &&Sdvmap&ef xdef;rwfay;onf/
- vlYabmiftzGJUtpnf;tqifh / / vlrItzGJUtpnf;
wpfckwGif Nidrf;csrf;rI r&Sdygu vltrsm;rS ¤if;wkdY\
pdwfoP²mef odkYr[kwf wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; tMum;wGif
Nidrf;csrf;rI &SmazGawGU&Sdvmrnf r[kwfonfhtwGuf
aMumifh jzpfonf/ vltrsm;rS rdrdwdkY\ &yf&Gme,fy,f
wGif y#dyu©rsm; jzpfyGm;vmrnfudk pdk;&drfylyefae&
ygu ¤if;wkdY\ pdwfoP²meftwGuf Nidrf;csrf;rIudk
rpOf;pm;EkdifMuonfhtwGuf jzpfonf/
2/ vlom;wkdif;rS ydkNyD; Nidrf;csrf;aom urÇmwpfcktm;
twlwuG zefwD;&efqE &Sdygu Nidrf;csrf;a&;udk &&Sdatmif
vkyfaqmifEkdifygonf/ y#dyu©rsm;ukd tMurf;rzuf
enf;vrf;rsm; toGif &&Sdatmif vlom;wdkY vkyfaqmifEkdif
ygonf/
• qmavmifrGwfodyfjcif;? tat;'PfcH&jcif; odkYr[kwf
aMumuf&GHUrIrsm;ukd vlaygif;rsm;pGm cHpm;ae&ygu
Nidrf;csrf;a&; udk &&Sd&ef rjzpfEkdifyg/ tqdkyg vdktyfcsufrsm;
jynfhpHkatmif r&&SdonfhtwGufaMumifh ¤if;wkdYwGif Nidrf;csrf;
a&; r&SdEkdifay/
90
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
pmrsufESm (37)
2.2 - NyD;jynfhpHkaom Nidrf;csrf;a&;ESifh
NyD;jynfhpHkrI r&Sdaom
Nidrf;csrf;a&;
tBudKoifcef;pm
• ar;cGef;rsm;udk aqG;aEG;NyD; ausmif;ol om;rsm;\ tawG;
tjrifrsm;udk oifykef;ay:wGif a&;om;yg/
jzpfEdkifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ rSefygonf/ ppfyGJonf Nidrf;csrf;a&;\ qefYusifbuf
jzpfonf/ xdkYaMumifh vlYabmiftzGJUtpnf;wpfckwGif ppfyGJ
r&Sdygu ¤if;udk Nidrf;csrf;rI &Sdonf[k ac:qdkEdkifygonf/
- rSm;ygonf/ urÇmajray:wGif tMurf;zufrI
trsdK;tpm; rsm; rsm;pGm&Sdygonf/ tu,fí wpfpHk
wpfa,mufu tMurf;zufrIwpfcktm; awGUBuHKcHpm;
ae& vQif ¤if;tajctaeudk ppfrSefaom Nidrf;csrf;a&;
r&Sd[k t"dyÜm,f xGufygonf/
2/ vlYabmiftzGJUtpnf;wGif &Sifoefaexkdifaeaom vlom;
wkdif; rS Nidrf;csrf;a&; &&Sd&eftwGuf vdkcsifqE´&Sd&rnf/
odkYrSomvQif ppfyGJESifh tMurf;zufrIrsm;udk umuG,f
wm;qD; Ekdifrnf jzpfonf/
- vlYabmiftzGJUtpnf;wGif &Sifoefaexkdifaeaom
vlom;wkdif; rS tMurf;rzufonfh y#dyu©rsm;ukd
rnfokdY &&Sdatmif vkyfaqmif&rnfudk oif,lMu&
rnf/ odkYrSomvQif ppfyGJESifh tMurf;zufrIrsm;udk
umuG,f wm;qD;Ekdifrnf jzpfonf/
- vlYabmiftzGJUtpnf;wGif &Sifoefaexkdifaeaom
vlom;wkdif;\ vdktyfcsufrsm; jynfhpHkrI&Sd&rnf/
vlom; wkdY\ vdktyfcsufrsm; jynfhpHkrI&Sdonfh tcgwGif
ppfyGJ (odkY) tMurf;zufrIrsm; &Sdawmhrnf r[kwfay/
- vlYabmiftzGJUtpnf;wGif &Sifoefaexkdifaeaom
vlom;wkdif; onf ¤if;wkd Y\ o½kyfvu©Pm
(jzpfwnfrI) rsm;udk Ncdrf;ajcmuf cH&rIr&SdbJ vGwfvyf
pGm xkwfazmfcGifh &SdEkdif&rnf/ odkYrSomvQif ppfyGJESifh
tMurf;zufrI rsm;udk umuG,fwm;qD;Edkifrnf jzpf
onf/
- vlYabmiftzGJUtpnf;wGif &Sifoefaexkdifaeaom
vlom;wkdif;\ pHwefzdk;rsm;ukd tjyeftvSef av;pm;
rI &Sd&rnf/ odkYrSomvQif ppfyGJESifh tMurf;zufrIrsm;udk
umuG,fwm;qD;Edkifrnf jzpfonf/
vkyfief;rsm; - Nidrf;csrf;a&;ESifh usef;rma&;
wlnDrIqufpyfjypuf0ef; Z,m;
• ESpfa,mufwpfwGJpD odkYr[kwf tkyfpkrsm;zGJUí jzpfap?
ausmif;ol^ om;rsm;rS Nidrf;csrf;a&;? usef;rma&;ESifh ESpfck
pvHk;ESifhjzpfap yl;wGJjrifEkdifonfh tawG;rsm;ukd pm&if;
jyKpkyg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ¤if;wdkY\ tawG;tjrifrsm;udk
wlnDrIqufpyfjypuf0ef; Z,m;xJwGif a&;xnfhyg/
jzpfEdkifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
Nidrf;csrf;a&;
ppfyGJr&Sd
wdkufyGJrsm;r&Sd
&if;ESD;rI&Sd
aysmf&Tifonf
jyóemrsm;r&Sd
tcGifhtvrf;rsm;
usef;rma&;
zsm;emrIr&Sd
emusifrIr&Sd
wuf<urI&Sd
pmrsufeSm (38)
jrefrmha&;&m
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom taMumif;t&mrsm;udk
zwf½INyD; em;rvnfonfhtcsufrsm;udk wifjyar;jref;yg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd ajzqdkyg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ wdkufyGJrsm; qufvuf jzpfyGm;aeonfhtwGufaMumifh
¤if;a'o&Sd jynfolvlxkwGif wef;wltcGifhta&;rsm;
r&&Sdjcif; ESifh pD;yGm;a&; zGHUNzdK;wdk;wufrI r&SdaomaMumifh
Nidrf;csrf;a&;vnf; NyD;jynfhpHkrI r&Sdao;ay/
2/ typftcwf&yfpJa&;pmcsKyf vufrSwfa&;xdk;NyD;aomfvnf;
a'ocH jynfolvlxk\ vdktyfcsufrsm; jynfhpHkrI r&Sdao;
ay/ ¤if;vdktyfcsufrsm; r&&Sdao;onfh twGufaMumifh
jynfol vlxkwGif NyD;jynfhpHkaom Nidrf;csrf;a&;vnf; r&&Sd
Edkifyg/
typftcwf&yfqkdif;jcif;onf tMurf;zufrIESifh ppfyGJudk
&yfwefY oGm;jcif;jzpfNyD; tMurf;zufrIESifh ppfyGJ\ tajccH
taMumif;&if;rsm;udk rajz&Sif;&ao;ay/ xkdYaMumifh ¤if;
tajctaeonf NyD;jynfhpHkrIr&Sdaom Nidrf;csrf;a&;yif
jzpfonf/
91
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
pmrsufESm (39)
avhusifhcef;
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom tqdkudk;um;csufrsm;
udk zwf½INyD; ar;cGef;rsm;udk ajzqdkyg/
tajzrsm;
- tpm;tpm
- aexkdif&ef trdk;tum
- n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufjcif;tm; wm;jrpfjcif;
- vlwkdif;twGuf EkdifiHa&;ESifh EkdifiHom; tcGifhta&;
rsm;
- obm0ywf0ef;usifqkdif&m w&m;rQwrI (obm0
ywf0ef;usif umuG,fwm;qD;jcif;ESifh obm0
ab;tEÅ&m,f twGuf BudKwif jyifqif xm;jcif;)
- vlrsm;tMum; tjyeftvSef av;pm;rI&Sdjcif;
- vGwfvyfrI
pmrsufeSm (41)
avhusifhcef;
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom ½kyfyHkrsm;udk Munfh½I
NyD; ar;cGef;rsm;udk ajzqdkyg/
tajzrsm;
½kyfyHk eHygwf 1
(u) Zmwfaumifrsm;onf bufrwlonfh ppfom;tzGJU
ESpfzGJU jzpfonf/ Zmwfaumifwpfaumif (tzGJUwpfzGJU)
rS ½kyfyHk\ rsufESmpmwGif&SdNyD; tjcm;Zmwfaumif
(tjcm;tzGJU) onf ½kyfyHk\ aemufcH (uGif;jyif\
tjcm; wpfzuf) wGif &Sdaeonf/
(c) þ½kyfyHkonf ppfyGJwpfyGJ\ "mwfyHkwpfyHk jzpfonf/
½kyfyHkxJ&Sd tMurf;zufrIonf ½kyfydkif;qdkif&m tMurf;
zufrIjzpfNyD; ppfom;rsm; aoqHk;aeonf odkYr[kwf
wpfzufESifh wpfzuf ypfcwfaeMuonf/
(*) "m;pmcHrsm;onf ypfowfcHae&onfh ppfom;rsm;
jzpfMuonf/
(C) wkduf½kduftMurf;zufrI
½kyfyHk eHygwf 2
(u) qmavmifiwfrGwfrIudk jzpfaponfh Zmwfaumif
r&Sday/
(c) uav;i,f\ qmavmifiwfrGwfrIonf tMurf;zuf
rI vkyf&yfwpfck jzpfonf/
(*) uav;i,f/
(C) &Sif;vif;onfh Zmwfaumifryg0ifonfh twGuf
aMumifh ¤if;½kyfyHkonf wkduf½dkufr[kwfaom (zGJUpnf;
yHk ESifh qufET,faom) tMurf;zufrI jzpfonf/
pmrsufeSm (42)
vkyfief;rsm; - tMurf;zufrI trsdK;tpm;rsm;
1/ wpfOD;csif;pDjzpfap odkYr[kwf ESpfa,mufwpfwGJpD odkYr[kwf
tkyfpkvdkufjzpfap? ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom
Oyrmrsm;onf rnfodkYaom tMurf;zufrI (wkduf½kduf
odkYr[kwf zGJUpnf;yHkESifh qufET,faom tMurf;zufrI?
odkYr[kwf tMurf;zufrI ESpfrsdK;pvHk;) jzpfaMumif; qHk;jzwf
yg/
tajzrsm;
ajrivsifvIyfcwfjcif; - zGJUpnf;yHkESifh ywfoufaom
tMurf;zufrI/
ppfyGJ - wkduf½dkuftMurf;zufrI/
uav;i,fwpfa,mufrS acG;tm;½dkufESufjcif; - wkduf½dkuf
tMurf;zufrI/
uav;tvkyform; - zGJUpnf;yHkESifh ywfoufaom tMurf;
zufrI/
HIV/AIDS a&m*g - zGJUpnf;yHkESifh ywfoufaom tMurf;
zufrI/
um;wdkufrI - tMurf;zufrI ESpfrsdK;pvHk;/
t"r®jyKusifhjcif; - tMurf;zufrI ESpfrsdK;pvHk;/
iwfrGwfacgif;yg;jcif;uyfab; - zGJUpnf;yHkESifh ywfouf
aom tMurf;zufrI/
2/ ESpfa,mufwpfwGJpD? tkyfpkrsm;zGJUí odkYr[kwf wpfwef;vHk;
taejzifh ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;udk ajzqdkyg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
(u) wkduf½dkuftMurf;zufvkyf&yfrsm;wGif odomxif&Sm;
onfh Zmwfaumifrsm; yg&Sdonf/ y#dyu© zefwD;ol
rnfol jzpfonfudk tvG,fwul od&SdEkdifonf/
(c) zGJUpnf;yHkESif h qufET,fonfh tMurf;zufrIwGif
tMurf;zufrIonf odomxif&Sm;rI r&SdonfhtwGuf
Zmwfaumif udk azmfxkwf&ef ydkrdk cufcJonf/ Oyrm -
ajrivsif wpfckaMumifh vlrsm;aoqHk;aponf? xdckduf
emusifaponf? tdk;tdrfESifh tvkyftudkifrsm; qHk;½HI;rI
jzpfaponf/ ivsifvIyfcgjcif;onf xdckdufjcif;ESifh
emusifcHpm;&jcif;wdkY jzpfaponfhtwGuf ¤if;tcsuf
rsm; tm;vHk;onf tMurf;zufrIrsm; jzpfonf/
ajrivsifaMumifhjzpfaom tMurf;zufrIonf umuG,f
wm;qD;Edkifonfht&m jzpfaomaMumifh ¤if;jzpf&yfonf
zGJUpnf;yHkESifh qufET,faom tMurf;zufrI jzpfonf/
92
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
(*) umv0rf;a&m*gESifh 0rf;udkufa&m*g ponfjzifh a&rS
wpfqifh ul;pufwwfaom a&m*grsm;/
- a&vTrf;rdk;jcif;? wkdifzGef;rkefwkdif;? [m&Dudef;rkefwkdif;?
ajrjydKjcif; tp&Sdonfh obm0 ab;tEÅ&m,frsm;/
- qif;&JrGJawrI/
- rl;,pfaq; pGJuyfjcif;/
- tpmt[m&csdKUwJhjcif;/
pmrsufeSm (43)
avhusifhcef;
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom ½kyfyHkrsm;udkMunfhNyD;
ar;cGef;rsm;udk ajzqdkyg/
tajzrsm;
½kyfyHk eHygwf 1
(u) trsdK;orD;xkonf vrf;rwpfckay:wGif qEjyaeMu
onf/
(c) þ"mwfyHkudk rnfonfhae&mwGif ½kduful;xm;onfudk
rod&Sd&yg/
(*) trsdK;orD;rsm;onf EkdifiHa&; qHk;jzwfcsufwpfckckwGif
¤if;wdkY\ qE´rsm;ukd xnfhoGif; pOf;pm;ay;&ef
awmif;qdk aeMuonf/ olrwdkY\ tajccHvkdtyfcsuf
rsm; jynfhpHkrI&Sdatmif r&&SdonfhtwGufaMumifh qEjy
jcif;vnf; jzpfEkdifonf/
½kyfyHk eHygwf 2
(u) uav;rav; ESpfa,mufonf tkwfzkwf½Hkwpf½HkwGif
tvkyfvkyfaeMuonf/
(c) þ"mwfyHkudk uav;tcGifhta&;rsm;tm; umuG,frI
ray;onfhae&m? tkwfcsyfrsm;udk toHk;rsm;wJhae&m
wpfckckwGif ½dkuf,lcJhjcif; jzpfonf/ tm&Swkduf
awmifydkif;&Sd ae&mwpfck jzpfEkdifonf/
(*) uav;rsm;\ tcGifhta&;udk umuG,frIr&Sdonfh
twGufaMumifh uav;rsm;wGif vlrIa&;w&m;rQwrI
r&Sday/ ¤if;wdkYwGif tjcm;uav;rsm;ESifh wlnDaom
tcGifhtvrf;rsm; r&SdMuay - ausmif;wufcGifhvnf;
r&Sdavmufay/ uav;rsm;onf vlBuD;rsm;uJhodkY
¤if;wdkY\ tcGifhta&;rsm;udk xkwfazmfajymqdkjcif;
rjyKEdkifMuonfhtwGuf þuav;rsm; &&Sdonfh
vkyftm;c onfvnf; tedrf hqHk;jzpfzd k Yrsm;onf
(vlYabmif tzGJUtpnf;wpfcktwGif;&Sd MuG,f0csrf;om
rI\ a0pkwpfpk)? odkYr[kwf ¤if;wdkY\ vlYabmiftzGJU
tpnf; \ EkdifiHa&;qHk;jzwfcsufrsm;wGif yg0ifcsrSwf
Ekdif&ef vdktyfonfh A[kokw todtjrifrsm;ukdvnf;
r&&SdEdkifMuay/
pmrsufESm (44)
jrefrmha&;&m
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom taMumif;t&mrsm;udk
zwf½INyD; em;rvnfonfhtcsufrsm;udk wifjyar;jref;yg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd ajzqdkyg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ b'dk apmcGJxl;0if;rS w&m;rQwrIqdkonfrSm oifwdkY\
udk,fydkif tem*wfudk qHk;jzwf&eftcGifhta&;? vlwpfa,muf
tjzpf &SifoefaexkdifEkdifcGifhESifh oifwdkY\ udk,fydkifbmom
pum;ukd oif,lEkdifcGifhpaom oifwdkY &cGifh&Sdonfh
tcGifhta&; rsm; jzpfonf[k &Sif;jyonf/
3/ tMurf;zufrIrsm; qufvuf jzpfyGm;aeonfhae&mwGif
NyD;jynfh pHkaom Nidrf;csrf;a&; r&SdEkdifonfhtwGuf ypfcwf
wdkufckdufjcif;jzifh Nidrf;csrf;a&;ESifh w&m;rQwrIwdkYudk &&Sd
vmrnf r[kwfay/
- bmompum; toHk;jyKjcif; odkYr[kwf ,Ofaus;rI
xkwfazmfjyojcif;wkdYtwGuf tMurf;zufjcif;ESifh
aMumuf&GHUrIrsm; &SdaernfqdkvQif bmompum;ESihf
,Ofaus;rIrsm;ukd tem*wf rsdK;qufopfrsm;xH
vufqifhurf; oifMum;ydkYcsjcif;rsm; vkyfaqmifEkdif
rnf r[kwfay/
- vltrsm; wpfzufESifhwpfzuf tjyeftvSef ypfcwf
wkdufcwfaeonfhtcgwGif wpfzufESifhwpfzuf
twlwuG aexdkif&ef qEr&Sdovdk tcsif;csif; pum;
ajymqdkcsifpdwf r&SdonfhtwGuf twlwuG &Sifoef
aexkdif&ef oif,ljcif;ESifh wpfOD;ESifhwpfOD; tjyef
tvSef pum;ajymqdkjcif;ukd ypfcwfwkdufcwfjcif;jzifh
r&&SdEkdifay/
vkyfief;rsm; - NyD;jynfhpHkaom Nidrf;csrf;a&;
• ESpfa,mufwpfwGJpD? tkyfpkrsm;zGJUí odkYr[kwf wpfwef;vHk;
taejzifh? ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS NyD;jynhfpHkaom Nidrf;csrf;a&;
&Sdonfh vlYabmiftzGJUtpnf;wpfck\ vu©Pm&yfrsm;ukd
cGJjcm;azmfxkwfyg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
2/ jy,k*fvu©Pm&yfrsm; / /
- tMurf;rzufjcif;/
- vlwkdif; vufoifhcHEkdifonfh &v'ftajzrsm;/
- vlrsm;tMum; ydkrdk aumif;rGefaom em;vnfrI &&Sd&ef
OD;aqmifjcif;/
- jynfolvlxkrS vdktyfcsufrsm;taMumif; ajymqdkjcif;/
93
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
r&Sdonfht&m / / jynfolvlxk\ vdktyfcsufrsm;?
tcGifhta&;rsm;? o½kyfvu©Pmrsm; (odkY) pHwefzdk;rsm;ukd
jiif;qdky,fzsufjcif; r&Sday/
3/ jy,k*fvu©Pm&yfrsm; / /
- oefY&Sif;rI&Sdjcif;/
- obm0o,HZmwrsm; <u,f0jcif;/
- jyefvnftoHk;jyKEdkifaom obm0t&if;tjrpfrsm;/
- obm0ywf0ef;usif umuG,fxdef;odrf;a&; Oya'
rsm;/
- &moDOwkajymif;vJjcif;ESifh ywfoufonfh todynm
rsm; ydkYcsjcif;/
- om;½kdif;wd&pämef pm;usufrsm;ESifh rsdK;wHk;vkeD;yg;
jzpfaeaom rsdK;pdwfrsm;udk xdef;odrf;apmifha&Smuf
jcif;/
r&Sdonfht&m / /
- npfnrf;rI/
- obm0ab;tEÅ&m,frsm;/
- opfawmrsm; jyKef;wD;jcif;/
- &moDOwk ajymif;vJjcif;/
4/ jy,k*fvu©Pm&yfrsm; / /
- em;axmifvdkpdwf&Sdjcif;/
- ,HkMunfrI&Sdjcif;/
- yl;aygif;vkyfaqmifjcif;/
r&Sdonfht&mrsm; / /
- oHo,pdwfrsm;/
- wif;rmrIrsm;/
- y#dyu©jzpfyGm;vdkonfh vlrsm;/
pmrsufESm (45)
aqG;aEG;csuf
• wpfwef;vHk;taejzifh odkYr[kwf tkyfpkrsm;zGJUí? ausmif;ol
om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd aqG;aEG;yg/
jzpfEdkifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ vlrIa&;w&m;rQwrIukd vlwdkif;&&Sd&eftwGuf jynfol
vlxkrS BudK;pm;vkyfaqmifrnfqdkygu NyD;jynfhpHkaom
Nidrf;csrf;a&;udk &&SdEkdifonf/
- NyD;jynfhpHkaom Nidrf;csrf;a&;&&Sd&ef tNrJwrf; BudK;pm;
vkyfaqmifEdkifaomfvnf; jynfolvlxkrS 0kdif;0ef;
z,f&Sm; ypf&ef vdktyfaom zGJUpnf;yHkESifh qufET,f
onfh tMurf;zufrI wpfckr[kwfwpfck tNrJwrf;
&Sdae rnfom jzpfonf/
- vlrIa&;w&m;rQwrIudk vlwkdif;&&Sdap&ef pdwfr0if
pm;aom odkYr[kwf qE´r&Sdaom vltcsdKU tNrJwrf;
&SdaeEkdifonfhtwGuf NyD;jynfhpHkaom Nidrf;csrf;a&;ukd
rnfonfhtcgwGifrQ &&Sdvmvdrfhrnf r[kwfay/
2/ NyD;jynfhpHkrI r&Sdaom Nidrf;csrf;a&;udk wkdif;&if;om;
vufeufudkif tzGJUrsm;ESifh typftcwf&yfpJjcif; odkYr[kwf
Nidrf;csrf;a&; oabmwlpmcsKyf csKyfqdkjcif; jzpfonf[k
vlrsm; u &nfnTef;wwfMuonf/
wpfcgwpf&HwGif? NyD;jynfhpHkaom Nidrf;csrf;a&; qdkonfrSm
wkdif;&if;om;vlrsdK;rsm;ESifh bmoma&;tkyfpkrsm; tm;vHk;
twGuf wef;wltcGifhta&;rsm;? vlrIa&;rQwrIrsm;?
jynfwGif; ppfrsm;ESifh vlrsdK;^bmoma&;qkdif&m zdESdyf
tMurf;zufrIrsm;\ tqHk;owf&ef tcGifhtvrf;rsm;udk
vltrsm;u &nfnTef;ajymqdkMuonf/
2.3 - Nidrf;csrf;a&;ESifh usm;? r
wef;wlnDrQrI
tBudKoifcef;pm
• ar;cGef;rsm;ukd aqG;aEG;NyD; ausmif;ol om;rsm;\ tawG;
tjrifrsm;ukd oifykef;ay:wGif a&;om;yg/
pmrsufESm (47)
avhusifhcef;
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom jzpf&yfOyrmrsm;ukd
zGJUpnf;yHkESifh qufET,faom tMurf;zufrI? wkduf½dkuf
tMurf;zufrIESifh usm;? r wef;wlnDrQrItjzpf tkyfpkoHk;pk
cGJjcm;owfrSwfyg/
tajzrsm;
1/ zGJUpnf;yHkESifh qufET,faom tMurf;zufrI
2/ zGJUpnf;yHkESifh qufET,faom tMurf;zufrI
3/ usm;? r wef;wlnDrQrI
4/ wkduf½dkuftMurf;zufrI? zGJUpnf;yHkESifh qufET,faom
tMurf;zufrI
5/ usm;? r wef;wlnDrQrI
6/ zGJUpnf;yHkESifh qufET,faom tMurf;zufrI
7/ zGJUpnf;yHkESifh qufET,faom tMurf;zufrI? wkduf½dkuf
tMurf;zufrI
8/ zGJUpnf;yHkESifh qufET,faom tMurf;zufrI
9/ usm;? r wef;wlnDrQrI
10/ zGJUpnf;yHkESifh qufET,faom tMurf;zufrI
94
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
pmrsufESm (49)
jrefrmha&;&m
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom taMumif;t&mrsm;udk
zwf½INyD; em;rvnfonfhtcsufrsm;udk wifjyar;jref;yg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd ajzqdkyg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/
- EdkifiH\pD;yGm;a&;? vrf;yef;qufoG,fa&;? Oya'
a&;&m ponfh tajccHtaqmufttHkrsm; wdk;wuf
aumif;rGef vmonf/
- rsdK;yGm;jcif;qkdif&m usef;rma&;apmifha&SmufrI wdk;wuf
aumif;rGefvmonf/
- rdom;pk tpDtpOfrsm; a&;qGJjcif;u@udk jynfh0pGm
&&Sdvmonf/
- oaE¨wm;qD;jcif; &&SdEdkifcGifh wdk;wufaumif;rGefvm
onf/
- y#dyu©umvtwGif;ESifh e,fpyfa'orsm;&Sd vHkNcHKa&;
tajctae wdk;wufaumif;rGefvmrI/
- aemufjyefqGJonfh ,Ofaus;rIqdkif&m zdtm;rsm;
avsmhenf; vmjcif;/
- vHkNcHKrI&Sdaom udk,f0efzsufcsjcif; 0efaqmifrItm;
&&Sdjcif;/
2/ rSefygonf/ trsdK;om;ESifh trsdK;orD;rsm;tm; oaEwm;
ud&d,m? aq;0g;rsm;ESifh oufqkdifaom owif;tcsuf
tvufrsm; &,lEdkifcGifh ydwfyifwm;qD;xm;jcif;rSm zGJUpnf;yHk
ESifh qufET,faom tMurf;zufrI jzpfygonf/ xdkokdY
vkyfaqmifjcif;jzifh emusifrIrsm;? xdckdufcHpm;rIrsm; jzpfap
NyD; aoqHk;jcif;txdyif jzpfapaomaMumifh jzpfonf/
3/ rSm;ygonf/ udk,f0efaqmif uav;arG;zGm;ol trsdK;orD;
rsm; aoqHk;rIonf ¤if;EkdifiHwGif zGJUpnf;yHkESifh qufET,f
aom tMurf;zufrIESifh usm;? r wef;wlnDrQrI r&Sdjcif;
jrifhrm;rIudk azmfjyygonf/ txufygtcsuf ESpfcsufpvHk;
jzpfyGm; aeygu? ¤if;EkdifiHwGif NyD;jynfhpHkaom Nidrf;csrf;a&;
r&SdEdkifyg/
pmrsufESm (50)
aqG;aEG;csuf
• wpfwef;vHk;taejzifh odkYr[kwf tkyfpkrsm;zGJUí ausmif;ol
om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd aqG;aEG;yg/
2.4 - Nidrf;csrf;a&; azmfaqmifjcif;
tBudKoifcef;pm
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd aqG;aEG;NyD; ¤if;wdkY\
tawG;tjrifrsm;udk oifykef;ay:wGif a&;om;yg/
pmrsufESm (51)
avhusifhcef;
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom tajctaejy jzpf&yf
rsm; ukd zwf½INyD; ar;cGef;rsm;udk ajzqdkyg/
jzpfEdkifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
tajctaejyjzpf&yf (u)
1/ vlyk*d¾Kvfrsm;tMum;
2/ vlBuD;wpfa,mufrS Nidrf;csrf;a&;zefwD;&efESifh y#dyu©tm;
&yfwefY&ef ¤if;\ tiftm;ESifh tmPm (vkyfydkifcGifh) udk
toHk;jyKcJhonf/
3/ uav;rsm;onf aemufwpfBudrf jyefvnfwdkufckdufEkdif
onf/ ¤if;wdkY tMum;&Sd y#dyu©onf ta&;rBuD;vQif
odkYr[kwf ¤if;wdkYudk zsefajzay;cJhonfh vlBuD;tm; aMumuf&GHU
vQifaomfvnf;aumif; &efjzpfjcif;udk &yfwefYypfvkduf
Ekdifonf/
tajctaejyjzpf&yf (c)
1/ EkdifiHrsm;tMum;
2/ Zmwfaumifrsm;rS wwd,tjyif vlwpfOD;tm; zdwfMum;um
rsufESmcsif;qkdif awGUqHkNyD; aqG;aEG;pum; ajymqkdvkdonf/
¤if;wdkY\ EkdifiHrsm;onf xdckdufzsufpD;cHcJh&NyD;? EkdifiHom;rsm;
vnf; towfcHcJh&onfhtjyif y#dyu©tm; &yfwefY&ef
enf;vrf;rjrifEdkifonfhtwGuf þodkY vkyfaqmifMujcif;
jzpfonf/
3/ acgif;aqmifrsm;rS y#dyu©tm; avsmhcs&efESifh ppfyGJaMumifh
xdcdkufysufpD;rIrsm;ukd jyefvnfjyifqif&ef enf;vrf;
wpfckck udk aqG;aEG;ajymqdkMuonf/ acgif;aqmifrsm;rS
y#dyu© rnfodkY pwifjzpfyGm;cJhaMumif; odkYr[kwf y#dyu©
\ rlvZpfjrpfESifh ywfoufNyD;vnf; ajymqdkaqG;aEG;Ekdifyg
onf/
95
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
pmrsufESm (53)
avhusifhcef;
• ausmif;om;rsm;u atmufygpmaMumif;rsm; rSef^rrSef
qHk;jzwfMuonf/
• tu,fí rSm;aeygu rSefuefonfh pmaMumif;rsm;
jzpfatmif jyefvnfjyifqif a&;om;onf/
tajzrsm;
1/ rSefonf/ aqG;aEG;n§dEdIif;jcif; qdkonfrSm tMurf;zuf
onfh y#dyu© rjzpfyGm;rD odkYr[kwf jzpfyGm;aepOf jzpfay:
Edkifonf/
2/ rSefonf/
3/ rSefonf/
4/ rSm;onf/ ESpfOD;ESpfzufpvHk;twGuf tusdK;&Sdaom
enf;vrf; wl½IrSom aqG;aEG;n§dEIdif;jcif; atmifjrifrnf
jzpfonf/
pmrsufESm (54)
vkyfief;rsm; - eDaygEkdifiH\ Nidrf;csrf;a&; n§dEIdif;
aqG;aEG;yGJrsm;
1/ wpfOD;csif;jzpfap? ESpfa,mufwpfwGJjzpfap? odkYr[kwf
tkyfpkrsm;zGJUí jzpfap? ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom
½kyfyHkrsm;ukd Munfh½INyD; eDaygEkdifiHwGif rnfonfht&mrsm;
jzpfysufaeaMumif;udk aqG;aEG;yg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
jynfwGif;ppf? ppfwyftkyfcsKyfaom tmPm&Sifpepf?
ykefuef x<ujcif;? qE´jyrIrsm;? wefjyefwdkufcdkufjcif;/
2/ ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS jzpf&yfavhvmcsufrsm;udk zwf½INyD;
ar;cGef;rsm;ukd ajzqdkyg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
u/ rSefygonf/ eDaygEdkifiHwGif w&m;0if Nidrf;csrf;a&;
oabm wlnDcsuf &&Sdxm;NyD; ppfyGJudk &yfwefYcJhygonf/
jidrf;csrf;a&; oabmwlnDcsufwGif ppfom;rsm;ESifh ppf
vufeufrsm; avQmhcs&ef? vlYtcGifhta&;rsm;ukd av;pm;
&ef? bk&ifpepf zsufodrf;&efESifh armfpDwkef;tpdk;&rS cGJxGuf
a&; ponfwdkY yg0ifonf/
Nidrf;csrf;a&;oabmwlnDcsufwGif typftcwf&yfpJa&;
(tMurf;zufrI &yfwefYa&;) yg0ifonfomru EkdifiHa&;
ESifh vlrIa&; tajctaersm;vnf; xnhfoGif; a&;om;xm;
ygonf/
pmrsufeSm (55)
jrefrmha&;&m
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom taMumif;t&mrsm;udk
zwf½INyD; em;rvnfonfhtcsufrsm;udk wifjyar;jref;yg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd ajzqdkyg/
jzpfEdkifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ vlwdkif;rS n§dEIdif;vkyfaqmifvdkonfh qE´r&SdMuay/
- pum;vHk;rsm;? tawG;tjrifrsm;? ½Iaxmifhrsm;udk
vufcHjcif; (aqG;aEG;&ef vdktyfonfh pum;vHk;rsm;pGm
&Sdonf/)
- em;axmifjcif;
- cHpm;csufrsm;
- wHkYjyefajymqdkjcif;
2/ em;axmifjcif;
- wHkYjyefajymqdkjcif;
- wpfOD;ESif hwpfOD; tjyeftvSef ajymqdkjcif;ESif h
qufoG,fa&; wdkYwGif yg0ifvkyfaqmifjcif;
- qufqHa&;rsm; wnfaqmufjcif;
- n§dEIdif;vkyfaqmifvdkonfh qE´&Sdjcif;
pmrsufESm (58)
avhusifhcef;
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom Oyrmrsm;udk zwf½INyD;
¤if;wdkY Oyrmrsm;udk Nidrf;csrf;a&;enf;vrf;rsm;jzifh wGJpyf
yg/
tajzrsm;
1/ C
2/ *
3/ i
4/ u
5/ c
vkyfief;rsm; - oabmwlonf odkYr[kwf
oabmrwlyg
1/ wpfOD;csif;taejzifh? ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ¤if;wdk Y
oabmtwlqHk; jzpfonfh wHkYjyefcsufrsm;udk a&G;cs,fyg/
• ESpfa,mufwpfwGJpDjzpfap odkYr[kwf tkyfpkvdkufjzpfap?
ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS tajzrsm;udk aqG;aEG;yg/
96
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
pmrsufESm (59)
aqG;aEG;csuf
• wpfwef;vHk;taejzifh odkYr[kwf tkyfpkrsm;zGJUí? ausmif;ol
om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd aqG;aEG;yg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ qufoG,fajymqdkjcif;jzifh Nidrf;csrf;a&;azmfaqmifjcif;
onf ESpfOD;ESpfzuf vdktyfcsufrsm;ukd aqG;aEG;&efESifh
y#dyu© jzpfyGm;&onfh tajccHZpfjrpfrsm;udk azmfxkwf&ef
tcGifhtvrf; wpfck jzpfonfhtwGuf ydkNyD;tusdK;&Sdonfh
enf;vrf;wpfck jzpfonf/ qufoG,fajymqdkjcif;jzifh
Nidrf;csrf;a&; azmfaqmifjcif;onf a&&SnfwnfwHhcdkifNrJEdkif
ygonf/
tiftm;oHk;í Nidrf;csrf;a&;azmfaqmifjcif;onf ydkrdk
jrefqefrI &SdNyD; y#dyu©wpfcktm; &yfwefYypf&ef tjcm;aom
Nidrf;csrf;a&; azmfaqmifjcif; enf;vrf;xuf ydkrdk vsifjrefpGm
vkyfaqmifEkdifonf/ odk Yaomfvnf;? tiftm;oHk;í
jidrf;csrf;a&; azmfaqmifjcif;onf a&&SnfwnfwHhckdifrm
aom Nidrf;csrf;a&;udkawmh r&&SdEkdifay/ Nidrf;csrf;a&;
azmfaqmifjcif; vkyf&yfrsm;onf ydkNyD; tMurf;zufonfh
enf;vrf;rsm; odkY ul;ajymif;oGm;Ekdifygonf/
2/ tiftm;oHk;jcif;ESifh qufoG,fajymqdkjcif;jzifh Nidrf;csrf;a&;
azmfaqmifjcif; enf;vrf;eSpfckpvHk;ukd jrefrmEkdifiHwGif
toHk;jyKcJhMuNyD; jzpfonf/
atmufwGif Oyrmrsm;ukd azmfjyxm;onf/
tar&duef? Oa&myor*¾ESifh t*FvefEkdifiHwdkYrS pD;yGm;a&;
ESifh oHwrefa&;&m ydwfqdkYrIrsm; csrSwfjcif;onf tiftm;
oHk;í Nidrf;csrf;a&;azmfaqmifjcif;\ Oyrmrsm;yif
jzpfonf/
jrefrmtpdk;&rS wkdif;&if;om;vufeufudkiftkyfpkrsm;jzifh
ESpfzGJU typftcwf&yfpJa&;ESifh ESpfzGJUxufydkaom typf
tcwf &yfpJa&; n§dEIdif;aqG;aEG;rIrsm;ukd tBudrfrsm;pGm
vkyfaqmifcJhNyD; jzpfonf/ 2015 ckESpf atmufwdkbmvwGif
wkdif;&if;om;vufeufudkiftzGJU 8 zGJUrS jrefrmtpdk;&ESifh
ppfwyfESifhtwl typftcwf&yfpJa&; oabmwlnDcsuftm;
vufrSwfa&;xdk;cJhMuonf/ þoabmwlnDcsuf pmcsKyfukd
EkdifiHt0Srf; typftcwf&yfpJa&; oabmwlnDcsufpmcsKyf
(Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement- NCA) [k ac:qdkcJhyg
onf/ þvkyfief;pOfonf qufoG,fajymqdkjcif;jzifh
Nidrf;csrf;a&;azmfaqmifjcif;\ OyrmyHkpHwpfckyif jzpfonf/
pmrsufESm (60)
2.5 - NyD;jynfhpHkaom Nidrf;csrf;a&;
tm; &&Sdjcif;
tBudKoifcef;pm
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd aqG;aEG;NyD; ¤if;wdkY\
tawG;tjrifrsm;ukd oifykef;ay:wGif a&;om;yg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ tMurf;zufrIonf aq;½Hkrsm;? vrf;rsm;? oefY&Sif;aom
a&t&if;tjrpfrsm; tp&Sdonfh r&Sdrjzpf vdktyfaom EkdifiH
\ tajccHtaqmufttHkrsm;ukd zsufpD;ypfEkdifonf/
- tMurf;zufrIonf vltrsm;udk ¤if;wdkY\ aeYpOfvkyfief;
udkifief;rsm;yg pGefYypfxGufajy;apEkdifonfhtwGuf
xdkvlYtzGJUtpnf;wpfckvHk;\ pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm;
wGifus,frIudk avsmhenf;apygonf/ Oyrm - xdk
vlYtzGJUtpnf;rS v,f,mpdkufysdK;rI rvkyfEkdifjcif;?
wd&pämefrsm; rarG;jrLEdkifjcif;? ¤if;wkdY\ aps;qkdifrsm;
twGuf ukefypönf;rsm; rodkavSmifEkdifjcif;ESifh tuÐscsKyf
vkyfief;rsm; rvkyfudkifEdkifjcif; tp&SdonfwdkY jzpfonf/
- tMurf;zufrIonf pdwfyd kif;qk dif&mt&vnf;
pdwf'Pf&m rsm; jzpfapygonf/ tMurf;zufrI'Pf
cH&aom vlrItzGJUtpnf;wpfcktwGif;rS jynfolrsm;
onf pdwf'Pf&mzdtm;rsm;? pdwfua,mufu,uf
jzpfrIrsm;ESifh pdwf"mwfusjcif; tp&Sdonfh pdwf
usef;rma&; csdKUwJhrI jyóemrsm;udk &ifqdkifBuHKawGU
Ekdifonf/
- tMurf;zufrIrSm wkduf½kduftMurf;zufcH&rIwpfck
jzpfygu vltrsm;ukd ukd,fvuft*FgcsdKU,Gif;aponfh
txd jzpfEdkifygonf/ Violence can leave people with disabilities if they are a direct victim.
t½dk;tqpfrsm;jyKwfjcif;? tjriftm½Hk odkYr[kwf
tMum;tm½Hk qHk;½HI;jcif;ESihf OD;aESmufxdckdufjcif;
odkYr[kwf emwm&Snfa&m*grsm; jzpfapygonf/
2/ tvkyftudkif? ynma&;ESifh usef;rma&;apmifha&SmufrIrsm;
&&Sdjcif;
- EdkifiH\ pD;yGm;a&;? vrf;yef;qufoG,fa&;? Oya'
a&;&m ponfh tajccH taqmufttHkrsm; wdk;wuf
aumif;rGefvmjcif;/
- tultnDrsm; odkYr[kwf tdrfESifh pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm;
wGif &if;ESD;jr§KyfESH&eftwGuf acs;aiGrsm; &&Sdjcif;/
- vlrItzGJUtpnf;wGif ppfvufeufrsm; avQmhcsjcif;?
ajrjr§Kyfrdkif;rsm; z,f&Sm;jcif;/
- ppfom;rsm;twGuf t&yfom;vlaerIb0yHkpHodk Y
jyefvnf0ifa&muf&ef tcGifhtvrf;rsm;/
97
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
- y#dyu©'PfcH&onfh vlrItzGJUtpnf;rsm;twGuf
pnf;½Hk; vHIYaqmfay;rnfh acgif;aqmifrsm;/
- vnfywfrIaumif;aom w&m;rQwrIpepfwpfck
&&Sd&ef/
- tjcm;Zmwfaumifrsm;xHrS 0efcsawmif;yefrIrsm;/
pmrsufESm (62)
avhusifhcef;
1/ ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS vIyf&Sm;rItrsdK;tpm;\ vdktyfcsuf
rsm; udk trsdK;tpm; cGJjcm;yg/
• tcsdKUaom vkdtyfcsufrsm;onf wpfckxufydkaom vIyf&Sm;rI
rsm;ESifh udkufnDrI&SdEkdifaMumif; owday; ajymMum; yg/
tajzrsm;
1/ c? *
2/ *
3/ c
4/ c
5/ *
6/ c
7/ u
8/ u
2/ ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom trsdK;tpm;wpfckcsif;pD
twGuf vdktyfcsufwpfckpD pOf;pm;azmfxkwfyg/
pmrsufESm (63)
jrefrmha&;&m
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom taMumif;t&mrsm;udk
zwf½INyD; em;rvnfonfhtcsufrsm;udk wifjyar;jref;yg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd ajzqdkyg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ DDR (vufeufzsufodrf;jcif; (disarmament)? wyfzsuf
odrf;jcif; (demobilization)? jyefvnfaygif;pnf;jcif;
(reintegration) qdkonfrSm ]vufeufudkifwdkufyGJ0ifjcif;}
\ tqHk;owf odkYr[kwf wkdif;&if;om;tcGifhta&;twGuf
wkdufyGJ0ifjcif;udk qdkvdkonf/ wkdif;&if;om;vufeufudkif
tzGJUrsm;onf ¤if;wkdY\ tcGifhta&;rsm;twGuf typf
tcwf wkdufyGJrsm;udk &yfwefYcsifMurSm r[kwfay/
DDR vkyfief;rsm;udk vkyfaqmifonfh vufeufudkif
tzGJUrsm;wGif jrefrmppfwyf odkYr[kwf tjcm;vufeufudkif
tzGJUrsm;\ tEÅ&m,fudk umuG,fwm;qD;&ef tiftm;
&Sdawmhrnf r[kwfay/
2/ DDR jzpfpOfonf y#dyu©umv NyD;qHk;NyD;umvwGif
vdktyfcsuf tenf;pkudkomvQif &&SdEkdifygonf/ ¤if;jzpfpOf
onf vufeufrsm;ukd avQmhcsjcif;ESifh ppfom;rsm;ukd
t&yfom; vlaerIb0odk Y jyefvnf0ifa&mufEk dif&ef
enf;vrf; wpfck csay;½Hkom jzpfonfhtwGuf ¤if;onf
ppfom;rsm; ESifh vufeufudkif wkdufckdufa&;orm;rsm;ukdom
taxmuftuljzpfapNyD; y#dyu© odkYr[kwf ppfyGJ'PfcH&
onfh tjcm;vlrsm;twGuf yHhydk;ulnDrI r&Sday/
pmrsufESm (64)
aqG;aEG;csuf
• wpfwef;vHk;taejzifh odkYr[kwf tkyfpkrsm;zGJUí? ausmif;ol
om; rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd aqG;aEG;yg/
pmrsufESm (68)
avhusifhcef;
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom taMumif;t&mrsm;udk
zwf½INyD; em;rvnfonfhtcsufrsm;udk wifjyar;jref;yg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS uGufvyfrsm;wGif jznfhpGuf&rnfh
rSefuefaom pum;vHk;rsm;ukd a&G;cs,fyg/
tajzrsm;
1/ pdppfjcif;
2/ ppfavsmfaMu;rsm;ay;jcif;
3/ w&m;pGJqdkjcif;rsm;
4/ trSefw&m;&SmazGjcif;ESifh trSefw&m;pHkprf;ppfaq;a&;
aumfrwDzGJUjcif;
5/ txdrf;trSwfyGJrsm; usif;yjcif;
pmrsufESm (69)
jrefrmha&;&m
• ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom taMumif;t&mrsm;udk
zwf½INyD; em;rvnfonfhtcsufrsm;udk wifjyar;jref;yg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd ajzqdkyg/
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
1/ trSefw&m; &SmazGjcif;/
2/ vlYtcGifhta&;csdK;azmufrIrsm;ukd rSwfwrf;wif xdef;odrf;
xm;jcif;/
- n§Of;yef;ESdyfpufjcif;? t"r®jyKusifhjcif;? w&m;a&;
&ifqkdifcGifhray;bJ owfjzwfjcif;rsm;ESifh v,f,majr
odrf;,ljcif;wkdYukd rSwfwrf;wif xdef;odrf;jcif;/
98
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
- &mZ0wfrIrsm;ukd todtrSwfjyK&efESifh ¤if;&mZ0wfrI
rsm;twGuf 0efcH&ef tpdk;&tm; awmif;qdkjcif;/
- ND-Burma tzGJUrS pkaqmif;xm;onfh rSwfwrf;rsm;
udk yHkESdyfxkwfa0jcif;/
3/ todtrSwfjyKjcif;onf trSefw&m;od&Sd&ef tcGifhta&;\
wpfpdwfwpfydkif;jzpfonfh twGufaMumifh
- jynfolrsm; odkYr[kwf tzGJUtpnf;rsm;rS ¤if;&mZ0wfrI
rsm;ESifh csdK;azmufrIrsm;ukd pHkprf;ppfaq;jcif;ESifh
jypfrIusL;vGefolrsm;ukd ¤if;wdkY\ vkyf&yfrsm;twGuf
wm0efcHckdif;jcif;wkdYudk pwifvkyfaqmifEkdifonf/
- xdkYaMumifh &mZ0wfrIusL;vGefolrsm;rS ppfavsmfaMu;
rsm; ay;tyfEkdifonf? w&m;pGJqdkjcif;rsm;vnf; pwif
vkyfaqmifEkdifonfhtjyif txdrf;trSwfyGJrsm;udk
vnf; usif;yay;Ekdifonf/
- &mZ0wfrIrsm;ESifh tcGifhta&;csdK;azmufrIrsm;ukd
todtrSwfjyKjcif;onf ,HkMunfrIwnfaqmuf&ef
taxmuftuljzpfapNyD; tpdk;&ESifh vlYtcGifhta&;
csdK;azmufrIrsm;ESifh &mZ0wfrIrsm;'PfcHcJh&aom
jynfolrsm; tMum;wGifvnf; qufqHa&; wdk;wuf
aumif;rGefvmrnf jzpfonf/
aqG;aEG;csuf
• wpfwef;vHk;taejzifh odkYr[kwf tkyfpkrsm;zGJUí? ausmif;ol
om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd aqG;aEG;yg/
1/ toGiful;ajymif;umv w&m;rQwrIonf y#dyu©&yfwefY
oGm;aom vlrItzGJUtpnf;rsm;\ wdus&Sif;vif;onfh
vdktyfcsufrsm;ukd azmfxkwfay;onf/
- toGiful;ajymif;umv w&m;rQwrI\ &nfrSef;csuf
rsm;rSm tMurf;zuf y#dyu©jyefvnf jzpfyGm;jcif;rS
umuG,f wm;qD;ay;&ef jzpfonf/
- toGiful;ajymif;umv w&m;rQwrIonf qufqHa&;
rsm; ukd jyefvnf wnfaqmuf&ef BudK;yrf;onf/
- toGiful;ajymif;umv w&m;rQwrIonf tMurf;zuf
y#dyu© "m;pmcHrsm;\ vdktyfcsufrsm;ESifh ywfoufNyD;
oif,lavhvm&ef BudK;yrf;onf/
- toGiful;ajymif;umv w&m;rQwrIonf EdkifiHwum
w&m;a&;qdkif&m pHEIef;rsm;udk qkyfudkifusihfoHk;onf/
- toGiful;ajymif;umv w&m;rQwrIonf vlYtcGifh
ta&;ESifh EkdifiHom; tcGifhta&;rsm;ukd umuG,frI
&Sdap&efESifh av;pm;rI &Sdap&ef vkyfaqmifay;onf/
- toGiful;ajymif;umv w&m;rQwrIonf tMurf;zuf
rIESifh vlYtcGifhta&; csdK;azmufrI w&m;cHrsm;udk
tmPmESifh acgif;aqmifydkif;qkdif&m qHk;jzwfcsufrsm;
csrSwfjcif;rS umuG,fwm;qD;ay;&ef BudK;yrf;onf/
- toGiful;ajymif;umv w&m;rQwrIonf tMurf;zuf
rIESifh y#dyu© "m;pmcHrsm;ukd ukpm;ay;&efESifh qefYusif
buf jynfolrsm;? tkyfpkrsm;ESifh vlrItzGJUtpnf;rsm;
tMum; qufqHa&; jyefvnf aumif;rGefvmatmif
&ifMum;aphay;&eftwGuf txdrf;trSwfyGJrsm; zefwD;
usif;yay;&ef BudK;yrf;vkyfaqmifonf/
2/ toGiful;ajymif;umv w&m;rQwrIonf y#dyu©wpfckck
\ 'PfcHcJh&aom vltm;vHk; odkYr[kwf vlrItzGJUtpnf;
rsm; tm;vHk;twGuf vkyfaqmifay;Ek difrnfawmh
r[kwfay/
- y#dyu©Zmwfaumifrsm;\ acgif;aqmifrsm;onf
toGif ul;ajymif;umv w&m;rQwrI enf;vrf;rsm;
twkdif; tjypfay;cH&Ekdifonf/ xdkYaMumifh toGif
ul;ajymif; umv w&m;rQwrI jzpfpOfudk ¤if;wkdY
rvdkvm; Muacs/
- tMurf;zufy#dyu©ESifh ppfyGJ "m;pmcHrsm;onf vdkcsif
onfh t&mrsm; odkYr[kwf toGiful;ajymif;umv
w&m;rQwrIjzpfpOf ¤if;wdkY vdkcsifonfh odkYr[kwf
vdktyf aom t&mrsm;tm;vHk;ukd r&&SdEdkifonfhtwGuf
toGiful;ajymif;umv w&m;rQwrI vkyfief;pOfrsm;
ukd yHhydk;rIay;Murnf r[kwfay/
- toGiful;ajymif;umv w&m;rQwrIudk ,HkMunf
pdwfcsEdkifaom w&m;a&;pepfESifh om,maom
vlYabmif tzGJUtpnf;&SdonfhtcgwGif taumif;qHk;
taumiftxnfazmfEdkifonf/ tu,fí txufyg
tcsufrsm; r&Sdygu? toGiful;ajymif;a&;umv
vkyfief;pOfrsm;udk taumiftxnfazmf vkyfaqmif
&ef ydkrdk cufcJoGm;rnf jzpfonf/
3/ toGiful;ajymif;umv w&m;rQwrIonf jynfolvlxk
tMum; qufqHa&;rsm; wdk;wufaumif;rGefvmap&ef
yHhydk;rIay;onfhtwGuf Nidrf;csrf;a&;udkvnf; wnfaqmuf
ay;onf/
- toGiful;ajymif;umv w&m;rQwrIonf y#dhyu©ESifh
tMurf;zufrI\ jyóem Zpfjrpfrsm;udk em;vnfrI
&Sdap&ef enf;vrf;rsm;ESifh ¤if;jyóem Zpfjrpfrsm;tm;
ajymif;vJypfEkdifonfh enf;vrf;rsm;udk jynfolrsm;xH
ay;tyfonf htwGuf Ni dr f;csrf;a&;ud kvnf;
wnfaqmuf ay;onf/
- toGiful;ajymif;umv w&m;rQwrIonf zGJUpnf;yHkESifh
qufET,fonfh tMurf;zufrIrsm;udk avQmhcs&efESifh
Nidrf;csrf;a&;udk ydkrdk a&&SnfwnfwHhckdifNrJap&eftwGuf
vdktyfaom EkdifiHhta&;qkdif&m tajccHtaqmufttHk
rsm; jyefvnfwnfaqmufEdkif&ef enf;vrf;rsm;udk
jynfolvlxkxH ay;tyfonf/
99
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
pmrsufESm (71)
avhusifhcef;
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd ajzqdkyg/
tajzrsm;
(u) Nidrf;csrf;a&;wnfaqmufjcif;
(c) Nidrf;csrf;a&;wnfaqmufjcif; r[kwfyg
(*) Nidrf;csrf;a&;wnfaqmufjcif;
(C) Nidrf;csrf;a&;wnfaqmufjcif;
(i) Nidrf;csrf;a&;wnfaqmufjcif;
pmrsufESm (72)
vkyfief;rsm; - jyefvnfoifhjrwfa&; qdkonfrSm
tb,fenf;
1/ wpfOD;csif;pDjzifh ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ay;xm;aom tqdk
udk;um;csufrsm;udk zwf½INyD; em;rvnfonfhtcsufrsm;
ukd wifjyar;jref;yg/
• jyefvnfoifhjrwfa&;udk taumif;qHk;azmfjyaom tqdk
udk;um;csufudk ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS a&G;cs,fyg/
2/ ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS rdrdESifh rwlonfh tqdkudk;um;csuf
tm; a&G;cs,fxm;onfh tjcm;ausmif;ol om;wpfa,muf
udk &SmazGyg/
• ESpfa,mufwpfwGJpDjzifh? ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ¤if;wdkY
a&G;xm; onfh tqdk udk;um;csufrsm;ukd rnfonfhtwGuf
a&G;cs,fMuaMumif; &Sif;vif;ajymjyyg/
3/ ESpfa,mufwpfwGJpDjzifh jyefvnfoifhjrwfa&;ukd azmfusL;
onfh ¤if;wkdY\ udk,fydkift"dyÜm,f zGifhqdkcsufrsm;ukd
¤if;wdkY a&G;xm;onfh tqdk ukd;um;csufrsm;udk toHk;jyKí
a&;om; yg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ¤if;wkdY\ udk,fykdift"dyÜm,f
zGifhqdkcsuf rsm;udk pm&Gufwpf&Gufay:wGif a&;om;NyD; eH&H
ay:wGif uyfyg/
4/ ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS tjcm;twGJrsm; a&;om;xm;aom
t"dyÜm,f zGifhqdkcsufrsm;ukd vdkufvHzwf½Iyg/
pmrsufESm (75)
vkyfief;rsm; - uRefawmf?r onf ....
• trSefw&m;? w&m;rQwrI? oem;u½kPmESifh vHkNcHKa&;
pmvHk;rsm; a&;om;xm;aom qdkif;bkwf 4 ck jyKvkyfyg/
• qkdif;bkwfwpfckcsif;pDtm; tcef;axmifhwpfae&mpDwGif
xm;yg/
1/ ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ¤if;wdkY ta&;BuD;qHk;[k ,lqaom
qdkif;bkwfae&mwGif rwfwyf&yfyg/
2/ qdkif;bkwfwpfckatmufwGif &yfaeaom ausmif;ol om;rsm;
rS tzGJUwpfzGJU odkYr[kwf wpfzGJUxufydkaom tzGJUrsm; zGJUyg/
• tzGJUrsm;rS ¤if;wkdY a&G;cs,fxm;onfh qkdif;bkwf\ t"dyÜm,f
rnfonfhtwGufaMumifh ta&;tBuD;qHk; jzpfonfudk
&Sif;jy&ef taMumif;jycsufrsm; pm&if;jyKpkyg/
3/ ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS tjcm;tzGJUrS twef;azmfrsm;xH
oGm;a&mufNyD; ¤if;wdkY a&G;cs,fxm;onfh pum;vHk;onf
rnfonfhtwGufaMumifh ta&;tBuD;qHk;jzpfaMumif;
&Sif;jyyg/
4/ wpfwef;vHk;taejzifh ar;cGef;rsm;udk aqG;aEG;yg/
pmrsufESm (76)
aqG;aEG;csuf
jzpfEkdifajc&Sdaom tajzrsm;
• wpfwef;vHk;taejzifh okdYr[kwf tkyfpkrsm;zGJUí ausmif;ol
om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd aqG;aEG;yg/
1/ vltcsdKUwGif ckcHEkdifpGrf; &&Sdvmygu tMurf;zuf y#dyu©odkY
ZmwfaumiftcsdKUtm; jyefrvmatmif wm;qD;Ekdifonfhtcg
wGif jyefvnfoifhjrwfa&;udk &&SdEdkifygonf/ qufqHa&;rsm;
tm; jyefvnfwnfaqmuf&efESifh trSefw&m;? oem;
u½kPmESifh vHkNcHKa&;wkdY &&Sd&ef jzpfEkdifygonf/
- vltcsdKUomvQif ckcHEkdifpGrf;&&SdonfhtcgwGif trSef
w&m; odkYr[kwf w&m;rQwrI r&SdonfhtwGuf
jyefvnf oihfjrwfa&;ukd &&Sd&ef rjzpfEkdifyg/ ckcHEkdifpGrf;
&&Sdolrsm;onf ¤if;wdk Y\ vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;
odkYr[kwf ¤if;wdkY olwpfyg;tay:wGif usL;vGefcJhonfh
vkyf&yfrsm; twGuf ajz&Sif;csufay;p&m vdkawmhrnf
r[kwfay/
2/ y#dyu© NyD;qHk;umv w&m;rQwrIudk ausmfvGefNyD; y#dyu©
topf wpfckckwGif yg0ifywfoufjcif;rS ¤if;wkdYukd umuG,f
wm;qD;&ef/
- pepfwpfcktaejzifh &ifqdkifajz&Sif;&rnfh &mZ0wfrI
usL;vGefolrsm; rsm;pGm&Sdonf/
- &mZ0wfrIrsm; odkYr[kwf vlYtcGifhta&;csdK;azmufrIrsm;
twGuf wm0ef&S dolrsm;ukd cG Jjcm;azmfxkwf&ef
enf;vrf; tNrJwrf; r&Sday/
100
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
pmrsufESm (78)
avhusifhcef;
1/ ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS vIyf&Sm;rIrsm;udk wlnDrIqufpyfjy
puf0ef; Z,m;xJwGif jznfhpGufyg/
tajzrsm;
c
u? *
C
i? p? q
2/ ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS tjcm; vIyf&Sm;rI 2ck? 3ck cefY
wlnDrIqufpyfjypuf0ef; Z,m;xJwGif jznfhpGufyg/
pmrsufESm (79)
vkyfief;rsm; - uREfkyftwGuf jyefvnf
oifhjrwfa&;
• u? c? * ESifh C [k a&;om;xm;aom qkdif;bkwf 4 ck
jyKvkyfyg/
• qdkif;bkwfwpfckpDtm; tcef;eHygwf 1 \ axmifhwpfae&m
pDwGif xm;yg/
1/ ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS wpfOD;csif;tvkduf y#dyu©wpfckck
tm; pOf;pm;yg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS pm&Guf 4 &Guf odkYr[kwf rSwfpk
pm&Guf 4 &Guf ,lí ar;cGef;rsm; (u rS C) wpfckpDwkdif;
twGuf tajzrsm;ukd pm&Gufwpf&Gufcsif;pD cGJjcm;ajzMum;
yg/
2/ ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS ¤if;wdkY\ tajzrsm;ukd eH&Hay:&Sd
rSefuefaom pum;vHk;ab;em;wGif uyfyg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;rS tcef;wpf0kdufavQmufNyD; tjcm;
olrsm;\ tajzrsm;ukd vdkufvHzwf½Iyg/
• wpfwef;vHk;taejzifh? ar;cGef;rsm;ukd aqG;aEG;yg/
ed*Hk;csKyf
vkyfief;rsm; - o½kyfazmfajryHk
1/ tkyfpkrsm;zGJUí ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ¤if;wdkYESifh &if;ESD;aom
y#dyu©wpfckcktm; a&G;cs,fyg/ ¤if;y#dyu©onf
rMumao;rDu NyD;qHk;&yfwefYoGm;aom y#dyu©wpfck
jzpf&rnf/
2/ tzGJUrsm;rS ¤if;wkdY a&G;cs,fxm;onfh y#dyu©'PfcH&olrsm;
\ vdktyfcsufrsm;ESifh ywfoufNyD; o½kyfazmfajryHk wpfyHk
a&;qGJyg/
• ausmif;ol^om;rsm;onf ½kyfyHkum;csyfrsm;ukdvnf;
toHk;jyKEkdif onf/ ½kyfyHkrsm;ukd ¤if;wkdYudk,fwkdif a&;qGJ
zefwD;Edkifovdk? r*¾Zif;rsm;^owif;pmrsm; odkYr[kwf
tifwmeufwGif awGU&onfh ½kyfyHkrsm;ukdvnf; toHk;jyKEkdif
onf/
3/ ausmif;ol om;rsm;rS ¤if;vdktyfcsufrsm;ESifh udkufnDonfh
jyefvnf oihfjrwfa&;vIyf&Sm;rIrsm;ESifh toGiful;ajymif;
umvw&m;rQwrI vIyf&Sm;rIrsm;ukd o½kyfazmfajryHkxJwGif
xnfhoGif; a&;qGJyg/
4/ tzGJUrsm;rS ¤if;wkdY\ o½kyfazmfajryHkudk twef;xJwGif
wifjy &Sif;vif;yg/
aqG;aEG;csuf
• wpfwef;vHk;taejzifh odkYr[kwf tkyfpkrsm;zGJUí ausmif;ol
om;rsm;rS ar;cGef;rsm;ukd aqG;aEG;yg/
101
y#dyu©ESifh Nidrf;csrf;a&; - tBudKrdwfquf q&mvufpGJ
Credit where it’s due:Mote Oo Education would like to thank everyone involved in this project. Without you all, it would never have been possible. Below is a list of those who have worked on this project (in alphabetical order).Text: Daniel Korth, Alyssa PaylorTranslation: Aung Zaw Myo, Zay Yah OoDesign, Layout and Illustration: Matthew Simpson, May Htut Pan Moe, Nila Win, Yee Yee Thant, Kar GyiEditing and proofreading: May Htut Pan Moe, Nila Win, Yee Yee Thant, Kaung Hla Zan