Taxonomy Objective 4.01: Analyze the classification of organisms according to their evolutionary...
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Transcript of Taxonomy Objective 4.01: Analyze the classification of organisms according to their evolutionary...
Taxonomy
Objective 4.01:Analyze the classification of organisms according to their
evolutionary relationships
Classification• Classification: to organize
things into groups that have meaning.
• Taxonomy: a scientific classification system used to assign each organism universally. – Latin is the universal
language of scientists.
Aristotle
• 1st classification system• Divided into 2 groups: Blood or Bloodless,
which was basically Animals & Plants.
• Developed the current classification system.• Binomial Nomenclature: two-word naming
system for each species.
Linnaeus
The Seven Taxa• Taxon: A group or level of organization.• Linnaeus’s system uses 7 taxa arranged in order from
largest to smallest.• He classified organisms into two kingdoms, Anamalia or
Plantae1. Kingdom2. Phylum3. Class4. Order5. Family6. Genus7. Species
Kids KingPlay PhillipCatch CameOver or OverFarmer ForGrays GrapeShed Soda
Scientific Names
• Scientific names are made of two words:– Genus & species.
• Genus is always capitalized• Species is not• The scientific name should always be in italics
or underlined.
Example of Scientific Name• Common name: Cat• Scientific name: Felis domesticus– Genus: Felis– Species: domesticus
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Subphylum: Vertebrata Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Family: Felidae Genus: Felis Species: Felis domesticus
Human’s Classification
KingdomPhylumClassOrderFamilyGenusSpecies
AnimaliaChordataMammalia PrimatesHomindaeHomoSapiens
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Cladogram• Shows evolutionary
relationships between animals.
• Shows how closely related two animals are.
Dichotomous Key• A list of
characteristics, such as structure and behavior, organized in such a way that organisms can be identified.
Pick one object
1a. With a hole Go to Question 21b. Without a hole Go to Question 32a. Six sided It is Species #12b. Four sided It is Species #63a. With threading Go to Question 43b. Without threading It is Species #84a. Pointy tip Go to Question 54b. No pointy tip Go to Question 65a. Rounded head It is Species #45b. Not rounded head It is Species #76a. Flat head Go to Question 76b. Not flat head It is Species #27a. Body length twice the width of head It is Species #57b. Body length not twice the width of head It is Species #3