Tam Doc Va Phap Doi Tri - Ps Maha ThongKham

8/3/2019 Tam Doc Va Phap Doi Tri - Ps Maha ThongKham

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THERAVADAPHT GIO NGUYN THY

TAM C V PHP I TR

MAHA THONGKHAM MEDHIVONGS Cha K Vin ti bnPL. 2546 - DL. 2002

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http://www.buddhanet.net Chuyn sang ebook 26-5-2009

Ngi thc hin : Nam Thin [email protected] Link Audio Ti Website http://www.phatphaponline.org

Mc LcDN NHP

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LI TA

Phn ng ngi i ch bit lo vn sanh sng, t ngi ngh n vic si tm tnh v tm s an vui cho tinh thn v ngy v lai. V th i sngca con ngi chm m trong ut hn au kh v nng ny. Con ngi bmt chng bnh nan y, l phin no khuy nhiu. Mt khi con ngui bit l mt tm bnh, th nn mau tm phng php cha tr. Phng php chatr hay nht l li Pht dy. Khi ngi ta thc hnh theo li Pht dy th mdu ang sng trong bin phin no nhng cng c thung dung t ti.
mailto:[email protected]://www.phatphaponline.org/kinh/Audio/Tam%20Benh/Ban%20Than/Tam%20Doc%20Va%20Cach%20Doi%20Tri%20-%20MahaThongKha/mailto:[email protected]://www.phatphaponline.org/kinh/Audio/Tam%20Benh/Ban%20Than/Tam%20Doc%20Va%20Cach%20Doi%20Tri%20-%20MahaThongKha/


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Ni n an vui hay l hnh phc, th ai ai cng a thch v mong mun. Nhng hnh phc ca cc tui thanh nin, trung nin v lo nin c khcnhau. Vy khi tri qua ba giai on y, ta lm th no to cho ta t lm cnc hnh phc trong mt thi k.

y l mt vn m ngi mun tm hnh phc cho bn thn mnh nn xcho k, hc cho r t tm ly cho mnh. Phn nhiu ngi mun tm lhnh phc hin ti v cho th xc m thi. V ngi ta khng cn ngh thnh phc ca v lai v ca tinh thn. c Th Tn bit r tm l ca chnsanh ch thch hin ti v th xc, nn Ngi khng ni cc nhc c gng mo dy i; dy ngi tm hnh phc cho hin ti cng nh tng lai, vcho th xc ln tinh thn. Vy hin nay chng ta c nhiu duyn lnh sanh li lm ngi c y tr khn v c gp Pht-Php, chng ta htha c hi rt tt, l lo hc tiu Pht-Php hnh theo hu tiu dit phi

no v gii thot. Nu ta khng c dit tr phin no v khng gii thokhi phin no, th khng bao gi ta gp c hnh phc tht s, ngha lhnh phc khng cn ln vi phin no v khng cn lun hi trong b khna.

c Th Tn dy rt rnh v cc phng php ngn n v dit tr phino, nhng tic v chng ta khng hc chu o v thc hnh theo dy boca Ngi. c Th Tn khng dy ring cho mt hng tui no hay mt gicp no trong i ny, m Ngi dy chung cho tt c chng sanh. Phn nngi i thm ngh rng: Pht-Php cao siu, mu nhim, dy cho nhn bc Xut gia hnh o trong rng su thm, nhng bc chn i, hay dcho nhng c gi khng cn phn s i vi gia nh v x hi. Quan nimy sai vi l o: phm ngi cn lm vic l ngi cn lm nhng s slm; c Pht dy cho ngi bit nhng s sai lm trnh v tiu ditlun. Nguyn nhn lm cho chng ta sai lm hay l ti li, y l do ni phino; m c Th Tn l ng hiu r phin no v phng php dit trnn Ngi dy ta cch ngn n v dit tr. Khi ngi ta vng gi v thchnh theo ng li gio ha ca Ngi, th khng lun tui no ta cng tohnh phc cho chnh bn thn ta trong kip ny v i v lai.

Ngi sanh ra bt lun l trong hng tui no, hay sinh sng bng ngh gcng cn nn hc v hnh theo li Pht dy dit tr phin no, cng nhngi cn phi cha nc phng khi ha hon. Nu ngi khng lo htheo li ging dy ca Ngi th ngi y hng sng trong s bc bi tc gv php phng lo s, v nhng iu lm sai lm ca mnh.


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c Th Tn, m ton th hip li gi l Php bo, tc l mt trong ba ngtam bo Pht Php Tng.

Php (Dhamma) c hai chi l:

1. Dhamma: Php hay l Thin php.2. Adhamma: c php.

Trc ht ti xin gii v ting Dhamma (Php) ngha l gn gi, h tr, hay bo tr, hay Tng tr.

Ti sao Dhamma = Php, ngha l gn gi, h tr, hay bo tr?

Nguyn thin php l i lp vi c php. Thin php l php gn gi khngcho thn khu ca ngi hnh theo php lm nhng iu ti li xu xaPhm mt Pht t chn chnh bao gi cng c hai thin php, l Hiri (hthn ti li) v Ottappa (gh s ti li). Khi ngi c hai php ny trong tmkhng bao gi dm lm iu ti li, mc du mt i khi phin no phsanh mnh lit trong tm. V hai thin php y gi gn khng cho ta lm c,nn thin php c ngha l gi gn tm ngi tu hnh chn chnh, khng chosa vo vng ti li, hay khng cho lm iu hung c.

Tri li c php th gi ngi lm c, khng cho lm iu thin, mc du lmun, nhng n vn ngn cn khng cho lm theo mun.

Ni r ngha hn, Thin Php gn gi tm ngi tu hnh chn chnh khngcho lm iu hung c v khng cho tm xao ng v th gian php. Thin php l phng thuc cha cc bnh ti li, cn c php l php u tm con ngi khng cho thy r con ng i ti ni gii thot. V vyngi tu Pht cn phi hc hi bit r trng thi v nguyn nhn pht sica phin no ng d dit tr.

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KILESA: NGUYN NHN PHIN NOPhin no l g?

Phin no l nguyn nhn lm cho tm ta nh c, bc tc, bun ru, thvng, au kh, v.v...


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Trc khi tm hiu phin no, chng ta nn tm hiu CI TA hay con ngtrc . Con ngi chia ra lm hai phn l th xc v tinh thn, m Phgio gi l Tm, ni cch khc th con ngi do hai nguyn nhn cu to, lTHN v TM.

Thn v Tm u c nguyn nhn lm cho trng thnh mnh m, vui vm cng c nguyn nhn lm cho tiu ty m au.

Thn c trng thnh mnh m, vui ti, bi c y vt thc. Cthn b m o gy yu tiu ty l bi thiu vt thc v bnh hon.

Tm c vui v trong sch l bi do ni thin php gip vo ngn chkhng cho lm nhng iu ti li, nn Tm khng php phng lo s g. CnTm b tiu ty hay ni l bun ru au kh l do ni phin no honh hnh

Tm lm iu hung c xu xa nn bun ru lo s. Nh vy chng ta thy r nguyn nhn lm cho thm tm trng thnh vtiu ty cng do ni phin no v khng cho phin no sanh ln. Ni cho rl Tm bnh bi phin no. Phin no lm cho Tm ti tm m m kh cc

Vy chng ta bun ru tht vng than van au kh u do ni Tm c.

Vy xin hi: "Phin no sanh ln c do ni mt nguyn nhn no? Sanhln ri tn ti hay ni no? C lin quan g vi Tm?"

c Th Tn trong b kinh Khuttakanikya, on Mahvagga, c cu kngn y gii v nguyn nhn phin no nh vy:

LOBHO CA DOSO CA MOHOCAPURISAM PPACETASAM.HIMSANTI ATTASAMBHTATACASARAM VA SAMPHALAM

Ngha:Tham, Sn, Si sanh ln trong thn ta. Phin no y thng lm hi

ngi ta yu km, cng v nh mc mng sanh ln lm hi cy tre. Pht dy rng: phin no khng phi h khng hay mt ni no ngotm ta, m phin no li sanh ra ngay trong thn ta mt khi tm ta thu nhnmt iu no t ngoi trn cnh vo.


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Phin no sanh trong thn ta th no v ch no? Ngoi da, trong tht, haytrong gn xng v.v?

Nh gii phn trc, thn ta chia ra lm hai phn l th xc v tm. Thxc ch l dng c ca tm, th xc ny c mt, tai, mi, li v thn, chtm ngm xem sc p, nghe ting hay, ngi mi thm, n v ngon, cm xvi s m m mm du. Phm l dng c du cho th xc y lm bnkim kh qu gi nh vng bc ngc ng, tu trung cng l mt vt dng thikhng c gi tr bng con ngi dng vt y.

Khi mt trng thy sc p, s a thch va lng hay ght b li do ni tmch mt khng c xc gic chi. S thu nhn hay b i l phn s l phng ca tm. Do chng ta mi thy rng: tm l ni sanh Phin no, chkhng phi con mt. V vy nn c Th Tn dy rng ATTASAMBHUTA

sanh ln do ni ta hay trong thn ta, ting ta y ng ch tm l vy.Khi c Th Tn cn ti th, Ngi ph nhn s ra ti ca B-la-mn v kh hnh, cu xin mt ng linh thing no n x ti li cho. V thechn l ca c Th Tn gic ng di ci B-, th phin no khng ni da tht gn xng v.v... ca ta, m n trong tm ta, nn khng c thnc thing no ra cho sch, m cng khng c mt ng cu th no c quyn uy th lc gim bt ti li cho con ngi c.

Tuy nhin, c hai trng hp bt thng. Mt l: khi ngi c thn hnhcng trng, th ngi y cm thy tnh dc pht sanh, mc du mt khthy sc p. Hai l: khi ang m au thn hnh tiu ty du cho sc trc mt cng khng cm ng. Hai trng hp y khin ta c th hi: thny cng l nguyn nhn sanh phin no c c khng?

Cu hi ny th cng c ngm mt phn phin no, v l khi ngi ch mc c mt dng c p chc va tay, th ngi ch y thy tha thch, phi sn sc n. Nu dng c y khng thch v khng va tay th n lmcho ngi ch chn nn. Nhng theo s hiu bit ring ti th thn ny chlm cho tm thay i mt i phn nh nht, hay c th ni n ch lm chmt hai iu phin no nh pht sanh.

Nu ngi thng hiu Pht-Php v ang thc hnh theo li gio hun cc Pht, th mc du c mt thn hnh cng trng i chng na cngkhng xc ng v dc tnh; s d phin no khng th pht sanh trong tmca cc v y, v cc v y c thin php h tr, khng cho c php pht sanhhay ln lt xm nhp vo tm c.


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Theo y ti xin dn mt v d, khi chng ta thy cy c tt ti, chng t bit rng thi tit mt m c th gip cho cy tri tt ti, ch chng khng th tng rng cy c mc ln trong thi tit, bi cy c mc ngatrn t. S kin thc t qu l nh vy. t ai l nn mng cho cy mc ln, cn thi tit chng qua l tr duyn ngoi cnh. Vy ci tm nn mng, phin no l chm r trong tm nh cy c chm r di t; cc gp thi tit tt th pht ln mnh cng nh phin no gp th xc tt dy nn nhiu.

C mt vn m ti thc mc rt lu, c hn 30 nm, ngha l t khi t bt u hc Phn ng lp tiu hc. l vn trong b kinh Php C. Pht dy rng: "Tm con ngi ban s c phm cht trong sch, sau b phino lm cho nh c". c Pht c dy thm rng: "V sau, chng sanh ntr ch n mc cng tt lm cho tm y tr nn trong sch ht phin n

th chng y mi gii thot".Li Pht dy lm cho ti thc mc t hi: "Nu tm ban s trong sch, vtrong sch-sch ti mc no? Trng thi ca tm trong sch lc ban svi trng thi ca tm cc v c c qu Chnh ng chnh gic hac gic, Thinh vn gic, khc nhau th no? Khi tm trong sch lc bans ri, vy lm sao phin no sanh trong tm c? Hn na, nhng phino y khng phi l nh nht, m rt l v i, ti mun ni l phin ny lm cho con ngi phi lun hi vo 4 ng c o. Ngoi ra, trongPht gio nhn nh thuyt lun hi theo c nhiu kip con ngi b sanvo a ngc hng t t nm. Vy khi t a ngc sanh ln, tm con ngi ra th no?"

L ra ti khng nn em kin ca ring c nhn ti by t ra y. Nhngti mun cng ngi chung mt ch hng chung sc ging li hay l ph lm cho r chn l ca c Th Tn hu ph s nghi ng ca i chng

Vt m c Th Tn gi l Tm l mt php v hnh, Pht cn gi l Vsc (Arupadhamma). L c nhin khi vt g c th phi c nguyn nhn skhi. Nguyn nhn s khi ca n ban s l mm du, nh nht, ri t t lln v cng-cp mnh m.

S d m ti suy lun nh vy v c nhng l do di y:

1. C nhiu ni trong Tam Tng c dy rng: Canh cht c Th Tn hndng tu-nhn xem coi chng sanh no c o to duyn lnh dnh trongnhiu kip, c th c o qu trong ngy y, th mc du ng x xa x


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hay nhiu tr ngi, Ngi cng chng mng. Ngi c cho c chng san, chng hn nh Ngi t c Angulimla (V No).

Do nguyn nhn va trnh by y, chng ta thy rng tm ngi phi trqua v s kip gii mi, la-lc, v dt tr phin no, n khi duyn lny , gp c Pht t , mi c gii thot.

2. Ngi Pht t th ai ai cng hiu rng: s d c Pht c c qu thng Chnh ng Chnh gic l nh Ngi thc hnh 30 php Ba-la-mtnhiu A-tng-k v nhiu trm ngn kip.

3. Hin nay chng ta c th nhn nh tt c nhng hng ngi trong x h ta thy r rng: Mi ngi u c mt trnh khc nhau; k thng minngi u m, k gii mn ny, ngi hay ngh kia. l do ni duyn ln

ca chng ta o to nhiu hay t trong nhiu kip qu kh, cho nn trn khc nhau. Ni cho r hn, th khi c qu A-la-hn m mi v cng ctrnh khc nhau. C v c Tam-minh, c v c Ng-thng, cn c v cqu La-hn, nhng khng bit thuyt mt cu Php no, Hn gi l cnLa-hn hay gi l Sc-bin-lc A-la-hn.

Cn s trong sch trong cu Pht ngn: "Tm ban s trong sch, v sau bnh c v phin no", th nn hiu rng s trong sch ca tm trong mtrnh nht nh no, nht l trong lc y tm khng nng lc pht tcv thn ny cn b nh; khng lm g c. Ta hy coi nhng em nh tuy bnhng n vn bit gin, bit ham mn ny vt n, th ta thy r rng ctrong sch m c Th Tn dy y, l ci trong sch cn trong mc noch khng phi ci trong sch ca s gii thot, hay ci trong sch ca m bc Thnh-nhn.

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BA IU PHIN NO

Ngi i khi c bun ru lo kh, mun dp tt ni kh y khng bit lsao, li i tm th vui nh c bc, ru tr, ng im. Ngi bit suy nghn, th i xem ht gii khuy. Nhng nhng phng php y c th lmcho con ngi gii khuy cht t, song tu trung c hi, v tn km tin bv hi sc khe, y l gii khuy bng c bc hay ng im, hay phiru ch v.v...


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Trn v tr ny ch c mt v nhn bit cch tiu tr s bun ru y v em ra ging gii cho chng ta hiu. V nhn y hng c Ch ThinPhm Thin v cc bc Tr thc tn dng cng c v cng dng, v nhny l ng T Ph Thch Ca Mu Ni, Ngi c qu V thng Chnng Chnh gic v em gio php ca Ngi c c ra ging gii chochng ta hc hnh theo s c gii thot khi nhng iu kh s tronlng ta.

c Pht dy: La pht chy ni no, ta nn dp tt ni y, cng nh phino pht sanh ni no ta phi lp tc dp tt n ngay ni y. c Pht c ngi bit dit tr phin no nh mt v lng y i ti bit r cn bnh psanh ni u, ri cho thuc tr n. Ngi hc Pht phi hc cho bit r trthi, tnh cch v ni pht sanh ca Phin no dit tr n, trong khi m phi phai, th ta u cn b n hnh h au kh tng gi tng pht.

S tht nu tt c chng sanh trn v tr ny ai ai cng lo kim ch dit tPhin no ca mnh trong khi n va pht sanh, hay khng cho n sanh lnc, th th gian ny chc chn khng c au kh v oan tri on th...

c Pht bit r rng l chng sanh th ai ai cng mun c hnh phan vui v s kh. Nn Ngi mi dy phng php dit kh, do ni Phin na n cho ta.

c Pht l ng siu thot, Ngi tm c con ng i ra khi lun hkh, nhng Ngi khng th m hay bng, hay ch chng bng xe ra khlun hi c, m phn chng ta phi hc v hnh theo li Ngi, t githot mnh.

Trong kinh Phin no c nhiu tn khc nhau, nh l AKUSALAMULA Nguyn nhn ca c Php l TAM C, SAMYOJANA Thc phc Phinno, c mi iu, UPKELASA 16 Thy min Phin no, ANUSAYA l nhim.

K ra th phin no c nhiu nh th, nhng chung qui ch c 3 iu lAKUSALAMULA, tc l nguyn nhn ca c php v tc l Tam-c.

TAM C c 3 iu l:

1.- LOBHA: Tham.2.- DOSA: Sn.3.- MOHA : Si.


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Ba iu phin no ny khc nhau tnh cch, nhng ging nhau mtim, l khi sanh trong tm ta th lm cho tm ta au kh ut c v.v

Khi phin no l Tham sanh trong tm ta, th n lm cho tm ta thm kht,mun c ti sn ca ngi khc, bn sn khng h em ra ca b th cai, mc du l quyn thuc, ch bit c mt iu l thu thm v cng nhicng hay.

Cn phin no l Sn sanh trong tm ta, th lm cho tm ta nng ny bc tcmun git hi k khc, hoc ph hy nhng g lm cho tri nghch lng.

Cn phin no l Si th lm cho tm ta phng tng, ngh v-vn nhngkhng c mt ch nh no cho chc chn. Si m ny lm cho lng ngm ti cng m ti thm.

TAM C

Phm l t Pht trc ht nn hc cho bit r phin no t trng thi c phin no, ni sanh ra phin no n nguyn sanh ra phin no. Ta phi hcho bit r phin no ta trnh n trc khi n pht sanh v dit tr n khn pht sanh. Nu ta ch bit phin no lm cho ta kh, nhng ta khng bitrng thi n ra sao, pht sanh ni no v do u n pht sanh ln c vnht l khng bit phng php dit tr phin no, th ta khng th trnc tai hi. Nh ta ni on trc, ngi khng bit cch dit tr

phin no, khi b phin no lm kh, li i c bc ru ch, th khc no lmcho phin no cng chy mnh thm ln, cng t ta nhiu hn chng khno tr em bit tuy la chy dng nc tt, m thy la chy, n tndu xng l nc n em xng vo th la cng chy nhiu thm ln. Vvy ngi hc Pht v mun gii thot, th phi hc cho k v phin no d b tiu dit n. Mc du chng ta khng th thng c phin no nhthi nhng ta bit cch ngn nga hay dit tr n, th ta cng c an vuhn l ngi khng bit g ht, ch i cht vi phin no thi.

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[01] - GII V THAM

LOBHA: Tham, l g?

Tham l mun c ca ngi khc v cho mnh bng cch bt hp phnh trm cp, cp bc, sang ot, gian ln, cng bch v.v


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Nu chng ta mun hiu r THAM l g, th chng ta nn tm bit bc ca lng tham l g. Bc u ca lng tham l RATIUA.

Ti tin chc rng mi ngi ca chng ta hiu ting Tham khc nhau. C vhiu rng: mun giu sang ph qu l Tham, v l ng ngi ta ngh vynn chi khi ch i c thuyt php dy ngi dt b lng tham, ngthng khng thch nghe v c ngi phn i rng: Ch i-c dy ngli bing khng lo lm n, l nguyn nhn lm cho qu hng cngngy cng i n ch thoi ha v dit vong.

Quan nim v lng tham nh vy l sai lm.

Theo Pht dy s bt u ca lng tham l a, thch. S a, thch ny khnlm hi cho bn thn ngi a thch v ngi gn bn. V ngi a thc

lm lng ly tin, ch khng lm g n k khc ly tin lm giu c bn thn mnh. Nh vy cha gi l Tham c.

Nu em lng tham v vi cc trng thi ca tri xoi chn v nu phn tchtrng thi ca tri xoi chn, th ngi ta thy c 7 giai on:

1. Hm hm2. Va chn3. Chn u4. Chn mi.

5. Chn thm kim6. Chn ng7. Chn rc c di.

Ngi n xoi c th n bn th xoi t hm hm cho ti xoi chn mth tht l v hi, bng n ba th sau s c hi cho sc khe.

Lng tham cng c tun t tin trin nh chn mi ca tri xoi. C th lntham cng khng hi, nhng ta khng bit ngn n n, th n li em ns tai hi cho ta. Nh ti ni bt u ca ca lng tham l s a thchnu ta khng bit ngn n, n s i ln ti ham mun v ham mun ti lri ti tham.

Ch i-c thng dy khng nn tham lam v nn ngn nga chng thamlam. ch i c dy rng nn trng coi tm ta, ng n i qu cmc a thch ti ni tham lam thi qu, ri gy ra ti li. V khi m tmngi i ti giai on tham th n li tm mu ny k kia tha mn, b


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lun l phi lm mt iu g, du c tri vi php lut chng na cng vc lm.

y ti xin phn ra tng giai on ca lng tham v xin tun t gii thch:

1. RATI: a.2. ICCH: a Thch.3. MAHICCH: Ham.4. PPICCH: Ham mun ti li.5. LOBHA: Tham.6. ABHIJ: Tham lam.7. ABHIJVISAMALOBHA: Tham lam thi qu.

1.- RATI: a. Khi mnh trng thy mt vt g hay nghe mt ting g va

lng, th mnh thy a vt y hay ting y. S a y Phn ng gi l RATRati ny c trong lng ca mi ngi, t giu sang n ngho kh. Nhns a y khng gi l tham, khng gi l c.

2.- ICCH: thch. Thch ngha l mun c vt g m mnh a, mnhcu cho c mnh mong mi. Lng mong cu ny khng c g c bnchim ot si vi l o, hay lut i, v khi tm cn trong vng tt nh mun hc gii lm vic nhiu c tin, sing nng lm cho ra ti bng cch chnh mng v chnh nghip. Hng ICCH ny khng gi ltham c. V nu khng thnh cng th chng qua l s hiu lm thicha gy ra ti li.3.- MAHICCH: Ham mun. Giai on ny l giai on bt u i vo tli, nu ta khng dng tr tu km hm hay tr n ngay lc pht sanh. Nhng y cng cha hn l i n ni ph gii hay l phm php. N chlm gim mt phm hnh thanh cao ca mnh thi, v khi ngi ta hammun, thng lm nhng chuyn chng mt, khng lch s. Ta c th thngi ham mun y trong nhiu trng hp nh trong ba n, khi ngham mun thy mn n no ngon v hp ming mnh, th khng cn nghn ngi quanh mnh, n ly n , nh th lm gim mt gi tr ca mnChng ta cn thng thy ni chen chc mua bng "Bng" hay l khi gtung ht hay, k n sau m chen ln vo trc, khng ngh n ngi ng i t trc. Hng ngi ham mun ny ch bit th li cho mnh thkhng ngh n ai ht, nhng h cng khng lm hi ai. y l s khi clng tham, nu ngi y khng bit gi mnh hay sa cha mnh, th h si n ch tham khng cn l bao xa. Ngi m c lng ham mun ny, v


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nh ngi thi bong bng, khi h thi bong bng cng lc cng ln, th c bong bng li t t che tt c cc s vt trc mt h: h ch thy ci bo bng y thi. Ngi ham mun cng vy, c tm theo y m i mmi, th li i ti tham.

Nu c ngi hi: "Vy ngi mun lm giu v ham nhiu, hai ngi nc ging nhau khng?" Khng ging nhau c. V ngi mun lm giuch lo chm ch lm vic c li nhiu cho giu, khng gian ln lm giuth ci giu y khng th gi l ham nhiu c. Cn ham nhiu c ngha lc gian ln. Lm giu do ni cn c v chnh nghip y do ni RATI (ach khng phi do ni ham mun. Cn ham mun l s lm lng ngi bnchn nng ny mun c ca v cho mnh, mc du l khng phm lut php, nhng khng hon ton trong sch, v by t ra bn ngoi cho ngitrng thy: l con ng bt u i su vo ti li l lng tham.

V d nh hai ngi i b cng i n mt ni ch nh l t Si Gn Vng Tu.

Mt ngi th i khng hi h hp tp, i va phi vi sc mnh. Cn mngi th i hp tp cho mau, vy m vn cn thy chm, ri chy lp xnhng cng chng va lng, c chy cho mau ti ch. Cch i ca ngny khng em li kt qu tt p m tri li lm cho mt v i khi ph bnh, v s lm qu sc. Ngi ny cng nh ngi ham nhiu, cn ngkia l ngi mun lm giu, khc vi nhau cng nh RATI (thch) vMAHICCH khc nhau vy.4.- PPICCH: ham mun ti li, hay ham mun mt cch su xa tinKhng bit ti li v tri vi lut php.

Mt khi tm ngi i ti ch ham mun su xa tin th khng cn nghti s khen ch khinh b ca th nhn. Ngi c tm y ch bit lm thekht vng ca mnh thi, khng cn lo s g ht. Mc du chuyn lm y vi php lut l v ti, nhng khng khi ming i ph phn v ngi khinh b, chng hn nh chuyn lm ca nhiu ngi nnh b b trn c che ch lm vic t m hng li nhiu.

Chng ta ng ngh rng: vic lm quy, tng xu m ta giu che khnai bit: tt c nhng s suy ngh v s hnh ng m mnh cho l tht kncng c ngy l ra, v l vic lm hay l s suy ngh cng c nh hngn i ta, khng sm th mun u l liu cho ngi thy.


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Tm chng ta xu xa tin hng tm kim nhng iu xu xa ti li. Tchng ta c th v nh con lng xanh. Con lng xanh thch nhng ci g mngi i nhm gm. Tm ta cng c khuynh hng thch nhng iu nhmgm nh vy, nn bc tri thc nhn thy r n, nh ta thy r con lng xan

5.- LOBHA: tham, l ham mun mnh lit trong lng mnh v mun chimca k khc, hoc cng bch em v cho mnh hay trm cp v.v... Tmli l dng phng tin no cng c min em vt mnh thch v chmnh. Hng ngi ham mun ny khng mng ti li i vi php lut vcng khng s qu ca lun hi.

Lng tham khng o lng, hoc hnh dung ra th ny th n c. Mud nhn thc, ti xin v d nh th ny:

C ngi mun c mt trm ngn ng lm mt cng nghip g Ngi c ht sc lm lng vt v c s tin cn dng vo vic Ngi ny khng gi l tham m gi l a-thch.

Cn mt ngi khc ch cn mt ngn ng thi, m li i lng gt halm mt chuyn g bt chnh c s tin th ngi y gi l ngi thaVy ham mun mt cch bt hp php, bt chnh, mc du mt xu nh cgi l tham.

Tham l mt c-php, mt phin no, l ngun gc lm cho tm ta nh c

ti li; v cng v n m lun hi.Lng tham n giai on ny l hin thn ca ti c.

6.- ABHIJH: tham lam, tham qu sc; lng tham qu sc ny c th khinngi ta lm ti c c.

7.- ABHIJHVISAMALOBHA: Tham lam thi qu, ngha l lng tham i ti tt , khng cn ch no cao hn. Lng tham ny lm cho lng ngm ti, khng cn nhn thy phi tri, dm git ngi cp ca min ocho c mi nghe. Lng tham ca con ngi ti mc ny, th khng c phng php no chn ng c.

Trn y by giai on ca lng tham c l gii ring r, di y xithuyt minh nhng im d bit gia cc giai on:


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1.- LOBHA: Tham. Ngi tham ca hng ny l ngi mun c cngi khc bng mi cch, nhng ngoi tr cp v git ngi. Lng thany li cn phn bit c ca quyn thuc cha m, v ngi c n; nghadu tham nhng khng ly ca nhng hng k trn.

2.- ABHIJH: Tham lam. Lng tham lam ny sanh ln khng cn phn bitl ca ai, v trn phng din no hoc l cp bc v.v nhng cn chdm ly ca cha m.

3.- ABHIJHVISAMALOBHA: Tham lam thi qu. Lng tham ny khngcn ngh n l ca ai c, mc du ca y l ca cha m cng chng t, msao v cho mnh l c.

*

c Pht dy chng ta nn hc cho bit r nguyn nhn sanh ln lng thamct chng ta thy r hnh dng v ni pht sanh d cho chng ta dtt c, hay chng ta ngn nga khng cho n sanh ln.

c Th Tn bit chng ta c cn c tu hnh khc nhau, nn Ngi khngdy chng sanh no cng phi xut gia. Ngi c dy c hai phng php lcho hai hng ngi. Hng cn c cao dy th xut gia b c ti, tnh, danhli, hu gii thot khi bin lun hi. Cn mng cn c thp km th lo tu tgia. c Pht dy cho ngi tu ti gia nn tu theo cc php l:

1.- Sing nng lo lm vic cho c tin ca. Vic lm khng phi bt buc l lm ngh ny ngh n, nhng phi l ngh chn chnh.

2.- Bit gi ly ca mnh c v xi khng phung ph.

3.- C bn lnh (xin xem38 Php An lnh).

4.- i vi v con phi thnh tht ngha l khng ngoi tnh. i vcon mt lng thng yu v trng nom sn sc (xin xem38 Php An

lnh).5.- Xa nhng ngi li bing, gii i hay b ph cng vic lm n.

6.- Khng nn n i thiu thn i vay n.

Phi c Tam qui v Ng gii.


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y l s lc ca ngi ti gia c s phi thc hnh theo. Theo li gii try th chng ta thy rng c Pht khng cm ngi ti gia c s lm ginhng Ngi cm ngi ti gia c s lm giu trn xng mu k khc, nhu c, ch en v.v Nu t Pht khng lo lm n, ton l ngho khht, th Pht gio khng th trng tn c, tri li nu giu c th d b gip ch Tng. Nu tt c pht t u giu c th chng sanh bt kh, tt c t Pht u hc rnh hai ting B Th, T Bi.

c Pht bit r l chng sanh lng cn phin no, th khng sao chykhi s a thch, v l mt phin no nm su trong tm chng sanh, Phgi l thy min phin no. V vy nn Ngi dy cho chng ta bit r phino y v dy cch chn ng. Ngi hiu rng lng tham l tai hi khnnh, nn Ngi dy phng php ngn nga.

---o0o---QU CA LNG THAM LAM

Ngi tham th bn b xa lnh, n ni no cng khng ai thch lm bnkhng ai mun gip , lm n thng b tht bi v thiu tn nhim hay b b khng ai ch cho ch li hi. Ngi i khng ai l khng ght ngTHAM.

Con ngi gi l tham lam th chc chn b nhiu ngi th ght, nu c

th ngi khc cng dm m st tr th v cp bc hay lng gt hocng bch ngi ta. Hng ngi ny sau khi cht chc chn b sanh va ngc hay Ng qu, hoc sc sanh.

---o0o---

PHP I TR VI THAM

Trong on trc chng ta thy lng tham lam pht sanh ln tun t theo by giai on. Di y l php i tr ngn chn v dit tr.

1.- RATI: a. Php i tr ca a l SANTOSA: Tri-tc. Khi thy trong tmmnh mun mt vt g m ta c, mc du ta khng c chim ot cy, nhng ta nn bit rng y l bc u tin i ti tham. Vy ta ph bit tri-tc, ngha l t mnh mn nguyn vi nhng g m mnh c, ngthm mun. y l php ngn khng cho "a" i thm mt bc na.


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2.- ICCH: Thch. Php i tr ca thch l HIRI: H-thn, ti li. Ti saoh thn, ti li li tr c ci thch?

c Pht thng dy: con ngi lun hi t nh ngi cn ang i lc tronrng y nguy him v kh s; m s a thch l nhn lm cho con ng phi lun hi kh. Ngi no thy mnh cn a thch mn ny vt n, mthy thn vi lng mnh bi cn ham trm lun trong bin kh mi l tca ng ti cao v hon ton gic ng, rng noi theo gng gii thot c Ngi, dt ht mi ham m theo trm lun. Ngi y dt b c s a th bng s h thn ti li.

3.- MAHICCH: Ham mun. Php i tr ca ham mun l CGA: dt b ni dt b s tham mun bng cch b th. Th "dt b" c hai nghakhc nhau l:

a.- Khi ngi c tr tu nhn li tm mnh, thy mnh ham mun mvt chi, lin suy ngh n v thng kh no v v ng. Ngi c trtu hng ngh rng: ngi cng c ca nhiu, cng ham m v munc thm mi, v lng ham ca con ngi khng c bin gii, mcdu hin gi c mn y khng phm vo iu cm ca Pht, khnsi vi php lut vi chnh quyn, nhng ca l mt nhn lm cholng mnh nng lo. Khi cng c ca nhiu cng s mt hay s tai hcng nhiu cho ca , v nh ta c mt ci nh ta lo cho mt ci nhny thi, nu c hai ci th lo hai ci, tc nhin phi nng hn nhiu.

c Pht v chng ta cn sanh trong lun hi khng khc no ngi itrn chic xung nh v trong m tm ti gia b khi thay v locho chng li vo b cho mau tri li cn lo vt nhng c b lnthuyn mnh cho nhiu. Ngi i trn chic xung y l bn thn tacn bin l bin lun hi; m ti chnh l V-minh; cn nhngca m ta vt nh ti, tnh, danh, li, l ca ch thnh nhn v b v thy ng gh s.

Khi ngi gic ng v Ng trn th khng dm ham mun ti snchi na, mi dt b c phin no.

b.- "Dt b" c ni l khi m ta c nhiu ca ci, thy rng tacht khng em vt g theo ta c, c chng ch ti v phc, ta linem ca tin mnh c ra b th cho ngi ngho, hoc gip vo vic tthin, hay gip ngi tu. Ngi dt b nh vy l ngi nh ngavo lng ham mun v lng ham mun chc chn s b nh bi.


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4.- PPICCH: Ham mun n m qung. S ham mun ny i n chgi l c php, v khi s ham mun i n ni y tc nhin con ngi dmtrm cp, hay lng gt. V vy nn c Pht dy php tr ngay c phny l Chnh-mng, ngha l nui mng chn chnh, khng hi ngi, emli ch cho mnh.

Php th 5, 6 v 7 l tham, tham lam, v tham lam thi qu, ch c s B thmi dt tr n c.

---o0o---

PHNG PHP TR THAM

Mun tr tham c Pht dy B th. B th c ngha l em ca mnh ccho k khc, nh cho ngi ngho kh, hay gip vo vic phc thin, hagip cho ngi b tai nn nh lt bo, hay ha hon. B th c mt nghtng qut l: Gip k khc vi tm lng t bi v khng ngh ti s tr ca ngi th lnh ca B th y. S em ra cho, l php i tr ca tham. Vtham mun thu vo, cn B th li pht ra.

Tham lam l lng mun thm mi mi khng bit n nhng no cho V tham lam nn lng ngi hay thay i, lo s mt ca, dm sang ot cci ca bn lnh hay ca quyn thuc cha m. S d con ngi tham lam, con ngi t khi sanh ra cho n ln ln ch hc ly mt ting Thu th

khng hc ting Xut, v vy lng tham y quen ri, tht kh m b c Th Tn bit r lng chng sanh l vy, nn ngi tu Pht ting hu tin l B th hay xut ca mnh ra cho, tu tin theo ca mnh c Nu c nhiu, cho nhiu, c t cho t. Ban s khng th em ra cho ai cnn c Pht dy v phc v s an vui thin ng, chng sanh c b thc phc sanh c v thin ng an vui nh th ny th n. Sau Ngi ldy lng t bi, thng hi chng sanh, em ca ra cho tt c ai chng hkhng cn c giai cp bin gii, ngha l B th khng phi chn ch Tnghay ngi tu m tt c nhng ngi cn ta gip . S B th ny l ph php tr c tham lam.

Pht dy phi DY TM mnh. ni rng: Ta nn suy ngh tm thy chi ca s tham lam v c n ca s khng tham lam. Nhng php lm chtm ta xa c s tham lam l Tri tc, T tc, B th. c Pht dy chng tnn qun tng cho thy cc bc vua cha giu sang tt , nhng khi chkhng em g theo c. Ca ci m ta c ch cho ta vui sng trong kipny thi; nu ni n v lai th ca ny l ca tha, khng dng vo


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c nu ta khng bit phng php mang theo, th chng ch chi cho i tc. Ch c cch B th mi em v ca v lai c.

Tm li phng php duy nht ca s dit tham lam l B th. V vy ntrong 30 php Ba-la-mt ca ch Pht, B th l hnh u tin, m ch Btt thng hnh. Vy chng ta l t Pht mun gii thot, nn c hntheo hnh ny trc nht.

-ooOoo-

[02] - GII V SN HN

DOSA ngha l sn hn. Nhng theo ng Phn ng ta c th din dch lGIN D v LM HI NGI. Sn hn l mt trong Tam c.

Hi: Qu ca sn hn nh th no?

p:Rt d hiu: Ngi sn hn thng hay c nhiu oan tri on th, hntm nng ny khng an tnh thnh thi.

Hi:Do u m tm tr nn sn hn?

p: S sn hn sanh ln do mt nguyn nhn rt nh, nh s tham lam,chng khc no mt m rng chy d di ch do ni mt m la nh. Vvy nn Dc Pht c dy ngi ta khng nn d-dui cho m la nhkhng hi g.

Hi: Vy s sn hn sanh ln do ni mt im nh l im g?

p:Do ni ARATI s bt mn. y ti xin nu ra nguyn nhn sanh snhn:

1. ARATI: Bt mn.2. PATIGHA: Bc tc.

3. KODHA: Sn.4. DOSA: Sn hn.5. BYPDA: Ct on th.

Khi qu v trng thy s trnh by trn th qu v nhn thy s i tun tca tm sn hn. y ti xin gii tng chi tit qu v d nhn xt.


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---o0o---

ARATI: BT MN

Nguyn nhn sanh ra sn hn (gin d) trc ht n do ni s khng a, tl s bt mn, cng nh lng tham lam sanh ln do ni s a thch vy.

Hi:Vy s bt mn do ni u sanh ra?

p: S bt mn ny sanh ln do ni lng ham mun cho va mnh; khikhng va mnh, hay khng toi nguyn, th sanh ra s bt mn. Khi s bt mn sanh trong tm ta cng cha gi l mt tai hi, n ch lm cho tmta khng tha mn thi. Nu ta khng dit tr n t by gi, th n s i ln PATIGHA: Bc tc.

Hi:Nu ta mun dit tr s bt mn th phi lm sao?

p: Phi dng ngay YONISOMANASIKRA ngha l dng tr nh c trtu km theo quan st tm tng st-na. ti mun ni c tr nh nh c ngquan canh ca thnh, v ny bit r ngi no nn cho vo thnh, ngikhng nn cho vo, v ngi nn bt gi li. Nu nhng k bt lxm nhp vo thnh, th n s quy ri nhn dn trong thnh khng lm ng c. V cng c th hi cho nh vua, hi cho c quc gia.

Quc gia y v nh thn ngi, c thnh tr chc v c su ca ra vo lnhn, nh, t, thit, thn v . Cn tm th v nh nh vua. Khi ngi c trnh canh ni cc cng thnh, khng cho cc mc bn ngoi xm nhpvo lm cho tm nh c, hay l tr nh bit rng mc ny nu em vtm, th lm cho tm tr nn nh c. Nh c y c ni l bt mn, bctc, sn, sn hn v on th.

Hi:Vy ci g nhn bit mc? Ci g nhn bit l mc xu lm ctm ni phin no, nu khng phi l tm?

p: S nhn bit su ca khng phi l tm, m gi l thc. Khi thc ctr nh v tr tu gip vo th thc y bit rng mc no lm cho tm bmn, ri i ln n sn hn, on th. Tr nh v tr tu s lm cho tm vthc nhn bit ci hi ca sn hn on th.

Hi:Nhc bng tr nh khng th ngn n mc y tm bt mn rn s ra sao?


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PATIGHA: BC TC

p: Tm s i n ch bc tc. Khi s bc tc sanh ln, th tm khngcn sng sut na, khi y tm ch thin v mt bn l ngh rng ta phi. Tm bc tc lm cho con ngi kh chu, y l nguyn nhn ni la sn. Ngmun dit tr ngay s bc tc trong lc ny phi c s DAMA ngha l dtm.

Hi: Phi dy bng cch no?

p: C nhiu cch dy tm, nhng rt kh lm cho n vng lng lin l v n ang nng ny, ta phi c xa lnh ch no ang lm ta bc tc, txa lnh hon cnh bn ta, ri hy nh nim mt trong 40 mc tham thiKhi tm tr li bnh tnh, th ngi li nhn thy ngay ci hi ca s bc t

l s em li nhiu s bn lng, on th, oan tri v.vRing ti th ti li i tm mt ni no mt m, hay i ung nc mt t hmt cho tm ti ln tr nn yn tnh, chng y mi ngh ti ci hi ca lnsn hn, v qu bo ca s khng sn hn.

Hi: Nu ta khng th dn c s bc tc, tm sn li pht sanh, ta phlm cch no tr sn? Hin tng ca sn ra sao?

---o0o---

KODHA: SN

p: Sn tc l gin, n lm cho tm rt nng ny, mt hn s bnh tnhmt bin sc, tay chn run, khi ni ting i ging.

Sn gy hi rt nhiu, v khi sn sanh ln, th tm ch bit lm hung d,sn em li cc tc hi cho mnh. c Th Tn c dy sn l mt vt rnh bn, hi thi, mt khi tm sn ri, th khng cn phn bit phi quytm tr nn en ti v c th gy ba iu hi:

1.- Sn lm cho tm en ti.2.- Sn lm cho tm lm vic khng hay, nht l lm mt phm hnh.3.- Sn thng lm cho vic lm h hng.

Nu ta mun nhn nh c ta th ta nn xt t bn trong ta (tc l tm tanh th no ri xt n hnh kim, cui cng xt n vic lm ca ta. C


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mun nhn nh cho bit r ngi ngoi ta, th ta phi xt ngc li, ngha nn xt vic lm, ri xt hnh kim, cui cng mi xt n tm.

1.- Khi tm khng sn th trong sch vui v thnh thi, suy ngh iu gkhng thng sut, tr tu c minh mn v rt thanh tnh. Tri li khi nsn th xu khng sao ni ht. Ni v s suy ngh ca tm, khi n sn thkhng bao gi suy ngh vic lnh iu thin. Khi sn ln th mc dungi c hc thc ti tt trong th gian ny, cng tr nn ti m, khi khng khc no ngi in.

2.- c Th Tn dy rng khi sn th con ngi mt phm hnh. Khi ngcha sn th t c ch nh nht n li ni vic lm u nh nhn, kh nhng khi sn hn th mi vic u thay i hn, ngi ta tr nn v phu t bo, v l tm khng cn yn tnh mt m. Khi tm sn th s hnh ng

khc hn v mt my cng khng cn p ra v thin lng na.3.- Khi sn th khng khi no ngi ta lm vic c hon m, v tm khngcn yu thch vic ang lm na.

Ngi c tnh sn vn t c bn, v t ngi dm giao tip. Khi ngi y lln, th cng tai hi nhiu, v nhng ngi di quyn t mun gn v cnkhng khi no dm ni g du cho khi h bit rng ng ch lm vic sai lm

---o0o---

DIT SN

Nh chng ta bit, sn l mt thi xu, khng ai a v mun gn. Khi tvit n on ny ti khng mun gii nhiu, v ti bit rng ni v sn cqu v nghe, khng khc no ni chuyn nhc rng cho cc c nghe, cc c bit qua nhc rng l th no ri. Nhng iu m ti mun ni l phn php DIT TR SN.

C ba phng php dit sn:

1.- Lm th no chn ng sn.2.- Khi sn ri th lm th no dp tt c.3.- Lm th no dt c sn cho khng cn sn na.

Trc ht ti xin nhc li: bnh tinh thn l tham lam sn hn v si mthng lm cho chng ta au kh, tht vng, bun ru v cng l nhn em


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li lun hi, ch c v lng y i ti l c Pht tm ra phng php tr bnh y. Vy nn ti gii y l phng php l do ni nhng phng phv cc phng thuc tr bnh ca v Bc s i ti y.

1.- Phng php ngn nga Sn

Bc u tin ta nn ngn ng cho s bt bnh pht sanh, v l nga bnhn cha bnh.

V d nh ta b ngi mng chi, th tt nhin ta bt bnh n bc tc, tsn, k l sn hn v sau cng l on th. Bt bnh v bc tc ch l hai bu tin cha tht l mt tai hi, nhng n bc th ba sn mi ng kquan trng. Tm thng tun t nh vy, nhng v ta khng thng chmnom hay ni cho d nghe l khng c tu theo tp phng php chnh tnh

hoc T nim x ca c Th Tn dy, nn chi khi tm sanh ln qu makhng tr nh quan st n nn n t pht ra. V chng ta thiu tr nh kim sot tm, nn ta cm thy nh lng sn pht sanh ln lin, trong khi tathng gp trng hp khng va lng, ch tht s th phi i tun t nh k trn.

Mun chn ng sn c nhiu v i c dy rng khi bit mnh sn, th ltc nim v s tc quan, tc l m hi th. Theo ti khi n sn ri, ngi cn sng sut nim g c ht, bi thiu tr nh, nn -mxu xm nhp vo tm, khng cn sng sut ngay lc ban s, th lm sao c sng sut nim khi sn pht sanh trong tm ri. Theo ti ngi c phi c tr nh ngn n ng cho s bt mn pht sanh. Nu khi ta bis bt mn sanh ln, nn nim mt trong 40 mc tham thin. S d mngi c th chn c s bt mn ni y l v s bt mn cha c th lcho tm rung ng mnh, tr nh cn c th kim ch tm c. Khi ta nim mt mc no chnh l ta c em tm ta ra ngoi hon cnh ta an, ti mun ni em tm ra khi mc lm cho ta bt mn. S bt mn vnh la ca dim qut, ta c th thi tt c, khng phi gi n hng xn ph dp tt.

Ngi mun thng c sn, nn hnh theo php nhn ni.

2.- Phng php dp tt Sn

Khi sn sanh ln, ta dp tt lin. cho d hiu ti xin v d. Bt mn vnh la ca dim qut, ta c th thi tt c; nu khng dp tt khi la c trng thi dim qut, m n giai on bc tc th la bt u ch


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mng; la chy mng vn cn cha c; nhng n y, nu ta khngcha kp thi, th la chy ti vch; la chy vch y v nh sn, nu khngc cha cho c, th n s chy n nc nh v nh la sn hn. Khi ti nm khng gi xe cha la n th la s chy ht nh, la chy mnh linh th, kh m dp tt c; n y la v nh l s on th vy.

Nh ni trn, khi ngi ni sn, th khng cn sng sut phon vic g c. Ngi y thiu hai php l tr nh v bit mnh, nn chnhng -mc c xm nhpvo tm. S tht tm ca chng ta hnh ng rl nhanh chng, khng c g snh bng, m ta li thiu tr nh v khng bimnh, th cng nguy him. Khi tm ta ang sn, ang gy g vi ngi khctrong lc y c mt khong no rt ngn trong tm ta tr nn bnh tnh, nhnh thy mi vic, ngha l sng sut, nu ta c tr nh v bit mnhnhn c hi y n p c lng hn ngha l ta trnh i ni khc, nht l

nim mt -mc thin nh, hoc dng tr tu quan st thy ti ca sn; ngh n v thng, kh no, v ng, khi thy tm ta s an-tnh.

S tht trong th gian ny, ai ai cng c dp ni sn, nhng t c ai c thtip tc sn trong 30 pht lin tip. Nu c chng th sau khi y chc chn khng khi mt nhiu. V trong khi sn nh th cng c mt thi gian ngtm vng lng.

Nu qu v mun trnh sn th xin qu v nn c quan st tm dp tt, khmi bt mn, hay khi sn ta nn chp ngay c hi no trn n, nu tkhng th thng ni n.Tm li, nu ta mun chn ng sn, th nn c tr nh v nn bit mnh, ngn nga n khng cho sanh ln trong tm ta.

3.- Phng php dt b Sn

Phng php ny l phng php dy tm cho tr nn bnh tnh trong cctrng hp v nn lm cho tm mt m. Khi ta dy tm ta c an tnh mm v im tnh trong cc trng hp lm cho mnh sn, th chng nhng bn thn ta c hnh phc an vui, m v con ta, quyn thuc, bn b, vngi cng s vi ta cng an vui ly.

Ngoi ba phng php k trn, i tr vi sn, ti xin gii thm ba phng php na l:


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a)- Xem mi trng hp l chuyn khng khng. ti mun ni dng trtu suy ngh thy rng: mi vic n cho ta u l chuyn khng ng qutm. V nh c ngi kia mng chi ta, ta nn ngh: Khng bit h ni g ta Nghe cha kp, xin h ni li mt ln na. V bng khng hi li v nghr, ta nn tm coi ti sao m ngi y mng ta? iu quan trng hn ht, nn t nhn iu y do ni mnh ra. Hn th na, nn ngh rng: ngi ang b la sn thiu t, nn khng dn c m mng nhic ta; ta nnnhn nhn i, hi u m gy g vi ngi mt tr, hn na ta T Ph Ngi c dy sn l ngun ti li lun hi, Ngi thng dy chng sanh ndt b, m ta l -T ca Ngi nn hnh theo li Ngi p n cng mun mt, ta khng nn cc bc tr thc ch trch ch khinh, v ngi gh tm. Khi ngi suy ngh c nh th, th lng khng cn bn ti ths, hn thua tranh ginh danh li vi ngi khc, th tc nhin s mngnhic khng thnh vn .

b)- Ri tm t. Khi tm ta b trng hp lm cho sn ln, th lp tc phi rlng thng hi nhn vt lm cho ta sn; lng thng hi y chnh l tm ttrong Pht-gio. Ta nn ngh: lng sn hn lm cho ngi mt bnh tnh vlm nhng iu khng hay, mt c c tnh tt. Ngi v lng sn nn bkh s, khng nhn chu c, nn bc l ra ngoi nhng ci m bc tr thch trch. Vy ta khng v vy m gin hn, tri li nn thng hi ngi hn. Nu ta khng mau trnh, th ta cng vo vng sn nh th, v s lm trci cho th gian. V l ngun lm cho ta phi lun hi.

Xin nhc qu v rng: t nhin ta khng th no ri lng t, khi ta gpchuyn lm cho ta sn c. Ti sao? V nu mun ri lng t, th t nht phi tp tm ta c lng t, trc khi gp hon cnh lm cho ta sn, nu ta n ni m mi ri tm t th bng tha thi. Phi t trc c hnh tm tmi c; ngi khng bao gi nim tm t, m ri tm t, th chc chkhng c kt qu, v nh ngi mun cha la, m khng c d tr snc, hay nh ngi n kht nc mi o ging vy.

c)- Tham thin. Nu v no c tham thin, th mi bit tham thin l m

phng php lm cho tm ngi t vng ng tr nn bnh tnh. Nh ti ni trn, tm ca chng ta s d m vng ng, l v b hon cnh bnngoi kch thch, nn mt bnh tnh lm cho tm sn.

c Pht dy tm ngi khng khi no chu vng lng v nh c vi nhay kh trong rng. Phm kh khng bao gi ngi yn mt ch. Tm ta cngvy, khng bao gi chu yn mt ni no, n vn phng tng theo cc


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cnh trn, v phng tng theo cnh trn nn tm khng bnh tnh. Vy nnch c mt phng php duy nht l phi lm cho tm bnh tnh, cng nhmun cho kh ng chuyn nhy t cy ny qua cy n th ch c m phng php l ct n li mt ni no. Vy hnh gi mun tm mnh tr lmt ch, th ch c mt phng php l tham thin, ngha l phi nim trong 40 -mc ca c Th Tn dy.

Ti xin v d: tm ta nh con kh, cy ct ct kh v nh mc nicn tr nh khng khc no nh si dy ct kh, tr tu khng khc nongi ct kh lun lun coi kh cn ch no phi ct thm, tr tu hng quast coi tm cn vng ng bi mt nhn g v tm th dit tr nhn yKhi tm tp c thun phc ri, t khi b hon cnh bn ngoi chi phi, nc b chng na cng thc tnh ly mnh c, v n quen vi khunkh.

Nu ni sn m m khng ni n UPANHA th cha gi l hon ton. Nn y ti xin gii thm cho qu v d nhn thc.

Phin no UPANHA ngha l c chp sn. Phin no ny l chi nhnh csn, t khi bc l ra ngoi nh sn v n thuc v hng ph thuc. Nhng ktrung n em tai hi n cho ta khng t.

Tm li 3 iu quan trng thuc v tm sn l:

1.- KODHA: Sn.2.- DOSA: Sn hn, c ngh l gin d lm hi ngi bng tt c c phng tin kh d lm c. y thuc v phn chnh trongTam l tham lam, sn hn, v si m.

3.- BHYPDA: Ct on th, ni khi sn hn nhng cha lm gc ngi ta: c dnh trong tm, ch c dp no thun tin th slm, bt lun l thi gian bao nhiu nm.

Ba phin no k trn c lin quan vi nhau rt l khng kht, trong khi khng c UPANHA. Nhng khi tm sn sanh ln, ngng li ni y, khngi ti sn hn, m n cng khng b dp tt v cn chp gi ly trong tmV vy nn phin no ny khng phi l vai chnh trong sn hn. Hn na cngi sn, ri ht, khng bao gi chp cha gin hn, nn t thy ni UPANHA: C chp s gin hn trong tm.


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Nu c ngi hi:Vn c ca s c chp gin ngha l c gin, ti sao licn c tn l UPNHA c chp gin l g?

p: C chp sn (gin) l mt phn ring ca KODHA: sn (gin) to raTa c th v d rng: ng ch l KODHA (sn), cn UPANHA c chpsn l th k. Vy th qu v thy r rng c chp l gi ly nhng g clng sn giao cho. Khi sn thu nhn v giao cho UPANHA cha ginhiu chuyn th s i n DOSA: sn hn (sn hn s gii sau). Nu ngkhng th chn ng sn, th sn hn s theo sau lin. Thit tng chng cn nhn nh s c chp sn v ct on th khc nhau th no. Ngi cchp sn l ngi khng bao gi ngh n s nh p ngi m h ginhng khng bao gi h chu lm lnh vi ngi y. Hoc gi c ni chuyvi ngi y chng na cng ch v x giao, ch chc chn khng bao gigip , khi ngi kia cn phi c gip .

Cn s ct on th th trn s c chp sn mt bc ngha l khng giaotip vi ngi m h sn hn m cn c lm hi cho k c, bt k trontrng hp no, nu c dp a n.

Tai hi ca s c chp sn (gin) y l:

1.- Lm cho tm khng yn tnh, lm nhn cho tm vng ng, nh n ngi lm cho n sn, v vy tm mt bnh tnh. Ngi cho sc chp trong tm khng khc no ngi bit rng mnh ang chungvi th d, bit n s n hi ta trong trng hp no thun tin cho nnn tm hng lo lng lun.

2.- Tm b tn ph, nh trng hp ngi no c chp gin ngikhc, khi gp ngi y ni vng v, hay ni cng cng u cm thtrong lng hi hp kh th, mun lnh mt ngi y. Ngi cn cchp sn trong lng v nh ngi mang chng bnh ung th, cngngy cng n ln ra, v tm cng ngy cng b sn m nh, cng mtsng sut v kh nng lm vic.

3.- Hi cho i sng . Ngi no hay c chp s gin hn hay cnhiu ngi on th v gy nhiu nghip chng. t nht l ai cngtrnh xa, mc du quyn thuc h hng cng khng a mn ngi y Ngi hay sn v c chp sn v nh qu bom n chm, khng bit ngi pht no, th hi c ai dm n gn. V th nn i sng ca ngy b l loi c n, khng bn b, khi c chuyn cn khng ai gip


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4.- Hi cho vic lm. Vic lm ca ngi sn v c chp sn ythng hay b tr ngi, v khng ngi gip v cng bi ti snnn lm vic khng c kho lo.

Sn v s c chp sn l thng tnh thin h, ai ai cng bit khi phi h Nhng phng php dit tr sn v s c chp sn th phi hc v cng phc cng hnh cho tinh tn v y l phng php gii thot

Hi: Ngi mun nga, dp tt la sn th phi lm sao?

p: Ni y ti gii mt phng php gin tin v cng hiu nht, nu qv c th hnh c th kt qu s qu s mong mun.

Phm ngi cha la th cha ngay ch la ang chy, cng nh ngmun tr sn hay dp tt sn th trc nht phi dp tt ni pht sanh ca Vy trc ht ta nn t hi: Ti sao ta sn? th ta thy rng: V ta chp yta. Danh vng ta. Ta l ngi c quyn chc, giu sang, c tn tui trong xhi v.vV ta chp ta nh vy nn ai ng ti ci ta l ta gin v c chp sgin hn y.

Ta t ngh rng: Ta b xc phm. Nu ta khng tr li th ngi i ch ta lnht, nhu nhc, khip s.

V s mt th din. V ba lun iu ny m ngi ta sn v c chp sn. V

ngi mun ng sn v khng c chp sn th phi dit tr ngun gc csn trong lng ta trc, ngha l phi dit tr ci ta.

Trc ht ta nn bit ta l g?

Theo Pht dy, ta l t i hp thnh. Ngi v chp ci ta y nn mi to nghip thin hay c v nghip y lm cho lun hi. Chng sanh v ci ta nynn phi kh, khng sao k xit. Ci lm ta chp l ta y, vn khng phi tv n thng thay i, em li kh s cho ta. Khi ta cht th ta khng emci ta y theo c. Khi ngi nhn thy r c nh th, th ngi khv ci ta m lm iu ti li v khng v vic i lm cho tm sn to nn tli.

Nu ngi mun dt sn v s c chp sn th nn hnh theo hai php:

1.- Dt sn. iu th nht, mun dt sn nn dit ngay tm ta, v tm ta snnh ngi cha la cha ngay ch gc la chy ch khng th dp tt n


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u ngn la. V vy ta nn tp cho nhn ni, t bi trc v lun lun c ttrong ta.

Ngi i sng v i nhiu hn sng v bn thn mnh. Nn khi c nhn vno chm vo ta, lm cho ta bt mn lin, lm khi c ngi cng munkhng gin, nhng li ngh rng nu mnh nhn th ngi i cho rng mnngu, mnh s v.v. V vy nn ngi y li chng li ri gy ra oan tri oth, chung qui cng ch sng v th gian thi. Nu ngi ta nhn nhn thmi vic u yn. Nhng ngi i c bit u, khi mnh chng li vi hocnh bn ngoi thng n th chnh ta cng phin no bn trong, l sn riChng ta c thua hon cnh bn ngoi th ch c kh chu i cht thi, nuta thua phin no bn trong l sn th ta kh mi mi khng bit i no miht, ngha l khi ta thng nhn vt m lm cho sn y, th chnh ta cng gyra mi on th oan tri v ti li v ngy v lai vy. c Pht c dy rn

ATTNAM JITAM SEYYO: thng c bn thn mnh mi cao thng.Bn thn y c Pht ch tm.

Vy ta l Pht t nn c gng thng tm ta mi gi l thng tuyt i, v kthng tm c ri, khng c oan tri on th, khng lo s ngi tr thtm c th thi, an tnh v n ni gii thot.

2.- Lm lnh vi nhn vt m mnh sn (gin). ti mun ni rng khm ta khng sn, hay l sn ri, nhng khng chp on th, tr li lmlnh v gip nhn vt m ta sn (gin). Nu ta mun ng gin, cmt phng php gin tin nht l mi vic g ta cng chu nhn rng: phli y l do ni ta, s d ta bt bnh ut c v ta cn phin no, nn mi clun hi, nn mi c s sn hn, bun ght v.v Nu ta khng cn phinno th khng cn sanh ln ln trong th gian ny, th u c kh v vy tann c tu hnh mau chy khi b lun hi ny.

Tip theo KODHA v UPANHA c chp sn (gin hn) l DOSA: snhn. DOSA theo ting Phn c ngha l lm hi ngi. ti mun ni lgit hi ngi hay lm cho ngi tiu tan ti sn nh t nh, hay phao vcho ngi b t ti v.v tm li l lm cho ngi b au kh, tht li, hthn.

Xin qu v hiu rng: Khng phi ngi sn hn lm hi k khc thi. Trli trc ht ngi y lm hi bn thn mnh m ngi sn hn y kh bit. Ti sao vy? V ngi sn hn l ngi b la phin no thiu t nnny trong Tm, nn khng th nhn chu c mi dng li ni hay vic lm


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gim bt s bc bi trong tm, nh th ngi sn l ngi b kh trhn ngi b lm hi. Li c lm lc lm hi ngi ta khng c mncng thy kh v ut hn hn. Ngi thng hay sn gin th mau gi, nhth ta thy ngi y b gim th ri, v ngi y du p n u cngnn xu. V vy ta nn thng hi ngi sn hn hn l gin li h, v cng nn c trnh lng sn hn. ni l c th sn hn khng bao giem s an vui hnh phc n cho mnh.

d thy v d hiu ti xin ly v d, mt chic t c tc 120 hoc cy s mt gi. Ngi ti x tt khng bao gi chy ht tc lc ca n, ata ch chy 8 hay 9 chc cy s mt gi. Nu chy ht tc ca n th chxe y chc chn khng th chu ni n mt thng, v xe khng h th chchn ngi li cng khng cn.

Xe y cng v nh con ngi. V mi mt ngi u c mt sc lc titng n mt mc no . Nu ta xi ht mc ca sc lc nhiu lnth no cng sanh bnh. y ti mun ni rng khi ngi cha sn hn thcc b phn trong c th ca ngi lm vic bnh thng, nhng khi sn lth cc b phn trong cc c th lm vic tng gia vi mt tc nhanh hV vy nn ngi sn hn c thm nhiu sc mnh, c th lm nhng vinng m khi cha sn khng th lm ni. Nhng sau khi y th cm thy mmt nhiu. V vy nn s sn hn lm hi sc khe ca ngi ta rt nhiu

Sn hn c kh nng gy tai hi cho sc khe thn xc nh vy, hung gc tnh hnh kim ca con ngi, nh hiu tho, nhn ni, t bi v.vkngi sn hn th nhng c tnh m cc bc tri thc thng ngi khencng b tiu hoi mt.

Ci tai hi ca lng tham lam v nh nc lt. Nu lt xy n tt nhin gy h hi, nhng d sao cng cn st t vt. Cn ci hi ca sn hcng nh chy nh; khi nh b chy th kh m cn vt g li, c cn chngl ch cn mt ng than.

Sn hn y l mt th la nng hn cc th la, mc du l cht nng cnguyn t t cng khng bng. La bn ngoi ch thiu t thn ta nng nythi, ch la phin no thiu t lng ta v cn lm cho ta phi sanh vo 4ng c o.

---o0o---

DP TT SN HN


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Ch v Pht t chc ai ai cng nghe v hc qua rng b th tr tham lam, trgii dit sn hn, tr tu dit v minh hay si m.

Theo ti nghin cu th tr gii ch l mt bc tng chn ng sn hncng nh s la chy nh xy tng bng gch ngn nga la bn ngohay cng nh ng mt ci chung tm nht s t. Nhng s tht lcng vn cn l la, m s t cng vn cn l s t bt di bt dit; nhnla y cha chy c nh v nh bc tng v s t cha n ngi v bnht thi: Khi tng b h ng, chung b ph v, th la vn chy nh, s tvn n ngi. Nh vy sn hn ch b ngn nga hay b kim ch thi, chcha tt hn v cng cha cht tht. Vy th tr gii cng cha gi l dp sn hn hon ton.

Ch c hai php: T v Bi, mi l phng php dp tt la sn hn c. V

T l mun cho chng sanh c an vui. Bi l thng hi chng sanh vhng ngh n s gip chng sanh khi kh c vui.

Tm t c trng thi l hnh ng hu em li li ch cho chng sanh; c phn s l em li ch li cho chng sanh; c qu cao qu nht l dit b sgin ght on th chng sanh; v c ni sanh, l thy r rng chng sanh aiai cng thng mnh nh mnh thng mnh. V vy ngi c tm t khn bao gi lm kh k khc.

Tm bi c trng thi l gip ngi ang b kh, ngha l gip tt kh chongi khc; c phn s l khng th chu ni khi thy ngi b kh mkhng cu; c qu l khng khi no lm kh k khc mc du ngi y lm cho bn thn mnh b kh; v c ni sanh l trng thy chng sanh bkh trong lun hi nh ngi ang b la chy quanh mnh khng conng no thot c, khng c mt ai thng hi gii cu. V vy ngc tm bi hng lo gip k b tai nn, kh s.

T v bi l phng php dy tm nng ny, sn hn tr nn mt m. Ta cth ni gii l chung nht s t, v t bi l phng php dy cho s t tnn hin lnh.

V phn thc hnh, ngi khng th dng lng t bi dp tt ngay tm ansn hn. ng ni l dng lng t bi trong lc y, chnh trong lc ngi snhn khng h nh n ting t bi, th lm sao dp tt sn hn c. Khi shn lng xung th mi nh ti t bi.


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Ni , khng phi ti ch trch li ca pht dy, v chnh ti th p dng phng php ni trn l c dng t bi trong khi sn, tht ti khng th nn sn c d dng, v tm t bi thng thng n sau tm sn hn, vnh xe cha la bao gi cng n sau la chy, khi xe n n p cngn la, th thit hi cng t nhiu ri.

Vy trong kinh dy t bi l php tr sn hn sai ri chng?

p: Khng! Nhng ti ni y theo mt phng din khc. Ti ni ngimun dit tr c lng sn hn th t nht phi tp cho tm c sn lng bi trc. Nh ngi y phi hc tham thin v mc t bi cho c ththc, lm cho tm mt m y khi gp sn hn m khng sn hn, mgi l ngi c tm t bi v mi dp tt lng sn hn c. Ngi c tm bi nh ngi s la chy nh nn h xy tng cao, lm nh bng gch l

ngi; khng cho c vt dn ha trong nh, tri li trong nh cn c mt bnhcu ha. Gii v nh tng ro. Tr nh v nh nh, t bi v nh bnh cuha.

Ngi mun ngn sn hn th trc ht nn ngn v dp tt ARATI: b bnh. Dit bt bnh th khng c g kh. Khi ngi bit rng ta bt bnhth lin b i ni khc l m chuyn. N t ng ngng ngay li.

S bt bnh v nh la dim qut, ta c th thi tt c d dng, nhng tic l ngi ta khng chu dp tt ngay t khi y. Nu ta n i ti btc, th khng khc no ta la dim qut chy mng. Khi la y chy tvch l la sn, nu ta khng tt kp th ti nc nh v nh la sn hn thkh m cu cha.

V vy ta nn cn thn mc du la dim qut cng chng nn d dui, phdp tt lin khi thy c.

---o0o---

ON TH

Sau sn hn l on th. Phn ng gi l BYPDA c ngha l sn hn vlm hi ngi c ni ct s sn hn c dp hi ngi.

Qu ca s ct on th


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C nhiu ngi cho rng ct on th l mt chuyn tt. V ngi lm hthn nhn mnh, th mnh phi tr th l phn s. V vy ngi y c tm thhi ngi th cho gin.

Khng ni ra nhng ai ai cng bit ngha ca ting ct nn min giiBYPDA c ngha l ct on th, ni ct dnh ngi m mnh snhn vo tm c lm cho ngi y b kh bt k mt trng hp no, hocnh no.

Khi ngi ct on th ri th tm lun lun phng tng, v lo tm cch lm cho k th y b kh.

Theo Phn ng ch BY c ngha l lm hi. PDA l s hnh ng nghal s hnh ng lm cho ngi b tai hi.

Ngi i v s si m che n nn hng ngh rng ta lm hi ngi, ngi s b au n kh s, tht l ng. Ngi y tha thch vi s hnh ng cmnh. Nhng tri li l mt s hiu rt sai lm. V ngi m kh s n trc nht, chnh l ngi lm kh cho ngi khc, ch khng phngi b mnh lm kh. Khi m ngi no ct on th vi ngi khc chnhl ngi y em tai hi vo lng mnh trc ri. Vy ngi ct on th c nhng iu g hi?

p: Ngi ct on th thng hay mt bnh tnh, tm trng thay i khng

ngng, khi nim Pht cng khng th lm cho tm an tnh c, tm hnnh c. Nu ngi c tr tu khi thy tm mnh nh c, s an vui b ginhiu, nht l nhng thin php trong tm mnh cng t t tiu dit, nhgii c v thin nh cng lc cng suy gim, khi cc php nh nhn ni, t bi, tr nh, bit mnh v gii hnh tiu mt ht, th chng ngi y mi th lm hi ngi khc c, v trong tm khng cn c cht thin php nc. Nh gii trn, th chng ta chc hn nhn thy ci hi trong tmnh trc, v tt c nhng iu tt p ca mnh b tiu tan ht, v nh mqu bom. Khi qu bom n, nh rng ngi khc c hi hay khng cha bitrc c, hay ci hi y ti mt mc no cng cha lng c, mci tai hi gh nht l chnh tri bom y khng cn hnh dng na. Ngi con th v lm hi ngi khng bit hi ngi c ti u nhng chnmnh b thit thi nhiu hn ht, y nh tri bom y vy.

Ngi m ct on th vi ai ri, th chnh ngi y ng ca nh mnh lkhng cho li ch an vui vo nh mnh. ti mun ni rng khi ngi cton th vi ai ri, th khng khi no mun gp ngi y v lng mnh bc


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tc thy r l li ch ca mnh b ngn ng li. V vy nn c Pht dtrong nm php gi l chng ngi c mt php l ct on th.

Ngi m ct on th ri th cng ngy cng t c bn lnh v cc bntrc kia cng lnh xa.

Ngi cng lm ln nn xt v nhn thy ci hi ca s sn hn v c chon th; v l mt tai hi ln nht do phin no sanh ra. Khi lm lnm c tnh ny th cc bc tr thc u xa lnh, tt nhin s khng lm nnvic g khc hn l tht bi. Ngi nhiu sn hn on th khng khc ncon tm nh t ri qun mnh li, kt cuc cht v t ca mnh. Ngi nhsn hn on th b tht bi trong mi hon cnh cng ch v tnh y thi.

Nu trn th gian ny khng on th nhau, th tht l mt th gii c nhiu

an vui. c Th Tn c dy: L ABHPA JJHAM SAKKAM LOKE. Cngha l: S khng lm hi nhau, khng on th, l s an vui trong th gianny.

S ct on th y c th chia ra lm ba hng l:

1.- Ct on th c lm hi ngi, v ngi y lm hi ta.2.- Ct on th c lm hi ngi, v ngi y lm hi quyn thucta.3.- Ct on th c lm hi ngi, v ngi y gip ngi m ta th

ght.S pht snh ln on th do ni ba iu khc na l:

1.- Hng nng : Lm hi ngi v ngi xc phm n ta.2.- Hng trung:Lm hi ngi v ngi lm cho ngi ta thn yu brc ri.3.- Hng nh: Lm hi ngi v ngi y theo phe vi ngi ta ght.

Ngi c tr tu khi nhn thy ci tai hi ca lng sn hn on th nh gii trn, xin hy c gng tu nhng php:

1.- Tr nh.2.- Bit mnh.3.- Nhn ni.4.- T bi.


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5.- Tr gii.6.- Tham thin.

y l nhng php i tr SN HN.

-ooOoo-

[03] - GII V SI M

MOHA ngha vn tt l Si m. Si m l ting thng dng nht trong Phgio, v vy nn ting ny c nhiu ngha, khng nh nhng ting thngthng. Si m c ngha l ngu di, ti tm, khng hiu v khng phn bi phi quy, khng nhn thc c s tht (l V thng, Kh no v Vng), khng c tr tu, m ti, khng sng sut, hiu lm.

---o0o---

TRNG THI CA SI M

Si m tht l kh gii hn tham lam v sn hn. V si m thuc v s khnthng hiu. Ta c th phn bit c s thng minh hn l si m dt nt. Vta c th chia s thng hiu ra tng ngnh chuyn mn, tng hng, nh higi c hng t ti, c nhn v.v Nhng v s dt nt ta khng thy c hndt th ny, hng n, m cng khng thy c ai ng ra cp bng, ha

chng nhn rng ngi ny ngu di dt nt hn ngi kia.S th y v cng nh nh sng c th chia ra tng hng, nh hng 10 nnn, hng 20 nh nn v.v nhng khng thy c chia ra ngu dt hng Ahng B v.v Ta c th dng ting ti en, tt mt v.v nhng khng chiahng ti y ra sao.

---o0o---

MOHA: SI M, L G?

C ngi hiu rng: Si m l khng thng hiu. Hiu nh th l sai lm. Nni si m l khng thng hiu th trn v tr ny khng c mt ngi nothng hiu, v khng c v tr thc no thng hiu tt c cc ngnh, cc nghc. V no tht thng minh, th cng ch chuyn mn v nm ba ngnh lcng.


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Nu mun bit ngi si m hay khng, ta nn xem ni hnh ng cngi y, ch khng th da vo cp bng chuyn mn m cho rng ngny thng minh, ngi kia ngu dt.

Si m y khng phi l s khng thng hiu, m cng khng phi l sthng hiu. Ngi c cp bng cao thng thi hay l ngi ngu dt nt cnkhng gi l si m c. Si m hay khng, l do ni ngi bit p dng shiu bit ca mnh ng ch ng lc. S tht ngi c hc thng Tam tnchng na m lm ti li cng gi l si m.

Ta hy xem li thn th ta c tay lm vic, chn i, tai nghe, mt xem, ming ni v.v Mi c th c kh nng ring ca n, t hay nhiTm ta c kh nng l bit iu khin c th bn ngoi, lm vic ng thekh nng ca n. V nh khi li xe, tay m li xe, hai chn gi ly thng v

sng v.v Ta khng th ang li xe m nh n c, hay ngh xao lngchuyn g khc c. Tm phi dng c th ny ng ch mi em li ccho ta. Nu tm iu khin thn ny sai lc, th tc nhin s b tai hi. Khlm sai phn s nh vy gi l si m.

Theo Pht gio, th tm l vt bit thin, c, ti phc. Khi tm b thin lc, hay l lm ti li, l v trong khi y tm b si m che n lm cho tm titm, khng phn bit c thin c. Khi tm lm iu c, mc du ngy l bc c ting gi l thng thi, ngi c tm y gi l ngi si m.

Hi:Ti sao Pht gio ph phn gt gao s thng hiu v khng thng hiul si m, l mt phin no rt v i, l ci cn ca cc phin no khc?

p:V nguyn nhn lm cho ngi thin tr nn c do ni s hnh ngkhng hp php, khng ng theo l phi. Ngi khng thng v cc ngnhchuyn mn khc hn s nng ca mnh, khng gi l si m, v ngi ykhng lm chuyn si vi phn s mnh, ti mun ni lm c. V d, trongth gian ny bit bao nhiu ngi khng thng hiu lut, m u c phm lht, v mc du khng hiu lut m khng lm sai lut, nn khng gi ngth y l ngi si m. Nu mt ng trng s m lm sai lut mi gi l sim.

Ba php mi xem qua th gn ging nhau l:

1.- AVIIJJ: V minh.2.- MOSA: Si m.3.- MICCHDITITHI: T kin.


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Nhng xt k th ba php y vn khc rt xa.

1.- AVIIJJ: V minh, ngha l s khng hiu bit, ni khng hiu bit php T , l nguyn nhn lm cho chng sanh lun hi. Ngi v minh vnh ngi trong rng, khng bit v khng tm c con ng i khi rrng, cui cng chu cht trong rng. S khng hiu r y l nn tng ctm. Tt c chng sanh u c V minh. Khi c qu A-la-hn, hay c giPht hoc Chnh ng Chnh gic th v minh mi tn dit.

2.- MOHA: Si m, ni n s phn bit c ti v phc, thin v c. Sm ny khng phi l nn tng ca tm m ch l s lm lc ca tm, bkhng dng tr tu lm nn tng qun xt cho chu o ri mi thc hnh

3.- MICCHDITTHI: T kin. S hiu bit sai lm, nh ngh lm ti ph

khng c qu, ch`ti li ri mt khng sanh, ri tht hnh theo nim cmnh.

Ngi gi l v minh hay si m, c th ngi nghe nhng li ging dy ccc bc tri thc vng gi hnh theo, hay t na cng c th phc thic. Cn ngi t kin khng nghe, m cn t ph l mnh ngh ng vhnh ng, chp chc vo mt chuyn m mnh ngh trc.

Ngi khng hiu v ngi hiu sai lm vn khc nhau. V ngi khnhiu c lc s hiu, cn ngi hiu sai lm th kh m sa sai c.

V minh v si m l phin no tht s, v m tm ta nh c, nhng chc hnh ng, nn cha gi l nghip. T kin mi tht l tm nghip.

Tm li, th V minh l nn tng ca tm; v tm b v minh lm nn tngnn si m; v tm si m, nn c t kin. Khi tm t kin mi hnh ng theos hiu bit ca n, l to nghip.

Ba trng thi y lin quan vi nhau, c th v d nh ngi kia mt lngnhm m ba mi tri rt ti, m h vn khng chu yn mt ch, c ni ny ni n b cy ng vo mt, cng lm cho mt au nhc. Ngi lnmt v nh tm c v minh lm nn tng. Si m v nh m ba micng lm cho ngi y m thm , nhng y ch m thm theo trng hpnu ban ngy th cn thy m m. Cn t kin v nh s di chuyn cngi m trong m 30 vy, t kin l nghip, tc l s hnh ng.

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TAI HI CA SI M

Trong tam c, si m l phin no quan trng hn ht, v tham lam v snhn sanh ln u do ni si m lm ch, khin tham lam hay sn hn hnhng mnh lit. Khi khng c si m ph vo, th khng n i i ti chcc k hung c. Cn ring v si m, n t pht sanh ln mt mnh, khngcn c tham lam, hay sn hn ph vo. Nh khi ang ngi l Pht, tm t phng tng hoc trong khi tham thin tm ta xao lng hay hn trm u doni si m m ra c. V vy nn ch c A LA HN qu mi hon ton dit tc phin no ny.

Si m c nhiu nng lc tc hi:

1.- Khi ta thng, si m nhp vo lm cho ta m qung, qun mnh c

th lm ti li c.2.- Khi giu c, si m xm nhp vo, lm cho ta m mt c chp lyca, qun gi au cht, c nhiu cng to cho nhiu thm ln, khngh bit .

3.- Khi ta c quyn chc ln, si m xm nhp vo lm cho cng mtheo quyn chc y khin lm nhng vic khng cao p.

4.- Khi ta gin si m nhp vo lm cho ta m qung c th git hi

ngi. Nu ta chn mi th tc, mun an tnh tm vo ni tnh mch thamthin nim Pht, th ta s thy tm si m pht sanh nh: Phng tm, bung, bn thn, li bing, gii i, ln la hn gi ny gi kia v.v

Trong 16 iu phin no, lng si m chim ht 12 iu.

Di y ti xin ging s lc nhng phin no thuc v si m v cc phi tr.

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MAKKHA: BI N

MAKKHA c ngha l bi n. n y ch vic lm ca ngi gip ttrong trng hp no chng hn, mc du bng mt bt cm, mt ch


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nc. Ngi bit n khng bao gi dm ngh ti s qun n v hng tm phng th n p, cho xng ng, mc du n c y c t m ta tr cng vn thy rng cha .

c Pht dy, ngi kh kim c nht trong tam gii ny l ngi bin. Ngi d kim nht l ngi bi n. Trong i ny, ngi bi n qtht nhiu, khng sao k xit. Hn na Pht cn dy cho ta thy con ngvn c rt nhiu si m hn cc php c khc.

Ngi bit n c th chia ra lm ba hng.

1.- Hng cao thng , bit cng dng ngi c cng n nh cha, m,thy, cc bc cao qu nh ch Pht v ch Thnh nhn.2.- Hng trung , l n p cng n ngi gip mnh.

3.- Hng thpl nh cng n ngi gip mnh, nhng khng ngh ti ch n p.

Ngi bi n chia ra lm ba hng:

1.- Hng hn nht , khng ngh n cng dng cng n nh cham, thy t, Pht, ch Thnh nhn, m cn khinh khi hay lm hi,Phn ng gi l MAKKHA: bi n.2.- Bc trung , khng bit n, mc du c cho hay gip n mc no ngi y cng khng cn bit, Phn ng gi l AKATTANNU:

khng bit n.3.- Hng tin, khng tr n, khng bao gi ngh n s tr n aiht, Phn ng gi l AKATAVED: khng p n.

Ngi thuc v hng bi n ny v nh l mt tng , ta khng th notrng mt th ging ng cc no ln c. Tm ngi y xu khng saoni cho ht c.

Phng php dit Bi n

Nu ta mun dit phin no, th ta nn tm tn ngun gc ca n. Ngun gca bi n l si m th ta nn dng tr tu dit si m. V ngi c tr tukhng bao gi qun n ngi, hng suy ngh thy ci hi ca s bi n, l vo bn ng c o. Theo sau tr tu l hng bit n v c tr KATTANN KATAVED.

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PALSA: EM MNH SNH VI BC CAO NHN

y cng l mt phin no tai hi, hi hm, ai ai cng chn ght, nhngtrong thm tm ca chng sanh, ai cng c du t hay nhiu. Ti sao? V nthuc vo tm si m m tm si m l cha t ca cc tm khc.

S d ngi ta em mnh snh vi cc bc cao nhn l v tng rng mnhcng nh ngi cao nhn, gi tr ca mnh cao bng ngi cao nhn, nguynhn ca tm trng y l: Bit rng ta khng bng ngi y.

Nhng c khoe khoang hay lm ra ngi c ti bng ngi mnh mun snhhoc ni bng li.

Tai hi ca s "em mnh snh vi cc bc cao nhn"

L cc bc tr thc khng gn, bn lnh cng xa lnh, khng hc thm cnhng g ht nht l phng php dit phin no. V ngi ny nng si mkh gic ng c php gii thot. Ni tm li l ngi thng em mnhsnh vi cc bc cao nhn th thng hay b MT:

- Mt nhng php lnh.- Mt bn lnh.

Phng php dit "em mnh snh vi cc bc cao nhn"

em mnh snh vi bc cao nhn l mt phin no lm cho tm ngi mti, khng nhn thy tri cao t rng, cng v nh ch cha h thy ctng cp l th bn chn khng c g ng s.

Ngi b phin no ny che m lm cho tm m ti, th nn dng tr tu mc th i tr c. Sau tr tu nn c php l ATTANNT, ngha l bitmnh, ni ngi lun lun bit r bn thn mnh, ng ngh ai cng bngmnh. Khi ta khng bit chnh bn thn ca ta ra th no, thuc hng nonn mi em mnh snh vi bc cao nhn.

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ISS: GANH T


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Ganh t l mt phin no, khi thy ngi ta c li hay c cp trn khngi, hoc c thng chc ri t ra ganh ght. y l phin no thuc vhng si m, n hng lm cho tm bc bi kh chu.

Mun hiu r lng ganh t, ti xin chia ra lm ba phn l: Trng thi caganh t, tai hi ca s ganh t v phng php dit tr ganh t.

Trng thi ca Ganh t

Ngi mun xem cho r ganh t hy xem xt hai thnh phn l ngi ganht v s ganh t. Nh gii trn ngi thy k khc c vic tt lm t ra kh chu, l ngi ganh t. Cn s ganh t l s hnh ng cangi y, l khi thy ngi c vic tt lnh, khng th nhn chu c bc tc nn ni ra ming, nh ch trch hay ph bnh hoc em d vng c

ngi ta ni xu. Ngi ganh t t th thy lng mnh kh chu khi nghe thy bit ngi khc li lc quyn chc. Ngi ganh t hng trung bnh th khi nghe thngi li lc quyn chc, khng t v hoan nghinh m t v khinh khnhng khng ni ra. Ngi ganh t tuyt i l ngi, khi nghe hoc thngi khc c li ch v.vt ra thi khinh th m cn ch trch phng din.

Tai hi ca s Ganh t

a.- Ganh t lm hi s an vui.Phm ngi c tnh ganh t t c an vui vlun lun thy hay nghe thy ngi c li lc quyn chc v.v th thlng kh chu, hay kh lng.

b.- Ganh t lm mt quyn chc v thanh danh. Phm ngi ganh t t c bn lnh hay ngi di quyn mnh ca tng khen ngi, tri li cn ch trc Nh th thanh danh v quyn chc ngy cng tiu tan ht. Nu ngi y ngi cng mt xm chc chn t ai dm gn v lm bn.

Phng php dit tr Ganh tMun dit tr ganh t ch c php H. V thin php hng vui v v hoan hn mi ngi c an vui v hng cu xin cho ngi c an vui, h php i tr rt c hiu lc tr lng ganh t.

H c nhiu trng thi sau y:


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1.- H c s vui v hay hoan h vi mi ngi, ni h thng hoan hvi ngi c an vui hnh phc v hng cu xin cho chng sanhc may mn.

2.- H c s khng ganh t l phn s, ngha l khng bao gi ganh tkhi thy ngi c hnh phc.

3.- H c s dit tr bun bc trong lng mnh v cho k khc, lqu.

4.- H c s thy ca ngi khc nh ca mnh l nhn sanh. nirng ngi c tm h thy ca ci ca ngi khc cng nh ca cca mnh, ngha l, c tm h hng trng nom sn sc ca ci cangi khc nh ca ci ca mnh, khng h mun lm hi ca ci

c. Ngi c tm h l ngi khng bao gi ngh ti ganh t, tm h l tm lmcho ngi an vui, khng c on th, oan tri v c nhiu bn lnh, bc trthc hng ngi khen. Khi ngi c php ny trong tm th ch Thin vnhn loi hng knh n. y l mt trong T V lng tm, hng c trontm ca ch Pht, ch Thnh nhn v cc c B tt.

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MACCHRIYA: BN SNBn sn l mt phin no, c Th Tn thng nhc nh chng sanh ndit tr, tuy l mt chi ph thuc ca si m nhng cng em li hu qukhng nh. Trng thi ca bn sn l khng bao gi hi sinh vt g ca mncho k khc hoc cho qun chng, chng hn nh gip cho ng bo lc btai nn.

Xin qu v nhn xt cho k th no l bn sn theo hai iu di y.

1.- Tit kim. Ngi bit cch tiu si tin ca, chng hn khi nhnthy khng nn b vt ny v n cn dng c hay khng nn smvt kia, v cha cn dng n. Ngi tit kim khi cn gip quythuc hay qun chng th khng h tic tin ca. Nh th khng phl bn sn m l tit kim.


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2.- Phung ph . Ngi xi tin mt cch v ch, xi v cho bn thnmnh, du tn km nhiu cng chng sao, nhng khng khi no hysinh ng trinh cc bc cho ngi no ngoi mnh ra, c khi chnhquyn thuc mnh cng chng cho. Cng c hng ngi cho chnhmnh cng khng dm xi, mc du c thm mn no cng vn nhn, tin coi thi. Hai hng ngi ny thuc v hng bn sn, keo kit

Tai hi ca Bn sn

Bn sn hng lm cho ngi lnh lt i vi i. V ngi bn sn kh bao gi bit thng tic ai c, mc du l quyn thuc. Tm bn sn khcho trong kip ny con ngi phi c c, khng thn thch h hng, vkhng ai a mn, thm ch khi c tai nn cng khng ai gip cho. Nuni v kip v lai th ti t nht l sanh lm ng qu (qu i), nu sanh lm

ngi th l ngi ngho kh n xin, khng h hng thn thuc.Php tr Bn sn

Nh bit bn sn l mt nhnh ca si m, th phng php dit tr l tr tu. Ngi dng tr tu quan st thy tai hi ca bn sn, v ngh ththng hi ngi b tai nn hay ngho kh m gip t nhiu ty theo cmnh c; li cng nn suy ngh cho thy r l khi ta cht, ta khng them g theo ta c mc du l thn mnh, th ca ci ti sn i vi ta cch g, c em theo c chng l ti v phc. V vy nn ngi tr tu mc th dng php CGA: Dt b, ni dt b bn sn, em ca ra b thcho chng sanh. S b th l mt nt hnh ng khen, v l con ng ca cc bc thnh nhn, nht l Pht.

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MY: XO TR

Phn ng My c nhiu ngha khc nhau:

1.- My c ngha l duyn2.- My c ngha l ra du lm cho ngi bit iu m mnh munni ra.3.- My c ngha xo tr hay th on bt chnh.

Ngha th nht ng ch ngi c duyn, nh ni c duyn, ci c duynv.v


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Ngha th nh t ra bng c ch, ngi khc bit ca mnh mun ni gnh lic mt, bm mi, v.v

Ngha th ba ng ni v th on xo tr ca con ngi, y mi tht phin no. Xo tr hay th on ny thng ph by, lm cho ngi khqun mnh, tin theo v b lng gt, ca ci hoc nhng g khc na, lm k phi mt mng v th on ca ngi xo tr y.

Ni cho r, th xo tr l mt th on ca ngi mun lng gt, by lcho ngi kia tin chc vo, ri giao cho nhng g m ngi xo tr i hi.

Vy chng ta nn thn trng. Nhiu khi thy ngi ta i vi mnh thntht, nhng bn trong tht l sn c, nh s tch c v c sau y:

ni bng n c nhiu c tm cua cng. C mt con c thng n bc n, nhng khng c nh , v c tm ni y u bit c l mt st tinca chng. Nhn dp lu ngy khng ma c mi ng c r bn bng t v bun, c n gn cng khng cn bt n, c thy th mi lm l hi rn"Ti sao hm nay ngi khng n c? ."

C p: "Ta ly lm bun v thng hi chng by, cho chng by bit rngtri sp hn, nc trong bng s kh, chng by s cht ht, ta khng bi phng th no cu vn tnh hnh ny."

By c tm nghe vy ly lm kinh khng bu li hi rng: "Vy chng t phi lm sao? i u by gi?"

C lm b suy ngh hi lu ni rng: "Ta i kim n c gp mt ci h trni Hi M Lp Sn, ni y c nc trong quanh nm, khng bao gi s khcn, chng by c th n yn khng tai hi g ht".

Bn c hi: "Vy lm sao chng ti n ni y c?"

C p: "y mi l mt vn nan gii, nhng ta c th ln lt tha chn

by n ."Khi y c mt con c ni: "Chng ti lm sao tin c c?"

C ni: "C g kh, ta em mt con i n ni , coi ci h y, ri emcon y v thng tin li cho chng by bit."


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Trong khi y c mt con c hy sinh i. C cng em con c y i ti mt ch to ln mt m, ri li em c y tr v. C y mi thut chuyn li cn c nghe, tt c c u tin nh li, nn tranh nhau xin c a i. Nh vln hi bao nhiu c trong bng y u vo bng c.

Ngy cht ch cn mt con cua. C ta cng mun n lun, nn hi cua bnglng i khng? Cua bng lng i vi iu kin l mt cng kp c c cmt cng kp m c. C bng lng v n tnh rng khi cua xung n lm n lin.

Khi c ta bay ti mt tng , n bn cua xung, cua khng bng lngxung m cng kp cht vo c v m c. C khng bit phi lm sao nnh a cua v ch c. Cua khng tha cht cho c, m kp c c cht lun

Tc sanh truyn ny c lun rng y l mt ngn xo tr m ngi hng lm tin theo, nn mc phi.

Tch ny cho ta thy r rng ngi xo tr, du khn ngoan n u, cng cngy tht bi nh c vy.

Tai hi ca s Xo tr

Nh ta thy trong tch con c, ngi xo tr khng sao trnh khi tai hnh c. Ngi xo tr hng hay mt li, l v ai ai cng bit ngi y xo

th khng khi no tin cy v c giao ph cng chuyn cho.Phng ph tr Xo tr

c Pht dy mun tr xo tr th cn phi tu php Chn-Tht, bt u nc th tr gii ni di cho trong sch, ri ln ln pht nguyn gi ly s chtht trong lng mnh nguyn l khng bao gi la di ai. Khi ha vilng mnh th thc hnh khng mng tr ngi. Ngi c hnh php ny ths la di xo tr t t mt dn v chng y ta mi thng ni xo tr trothm tm ta.

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STHEYYA: KHOE KHOANG


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STHEYYA c ngha l khoe nhng g m mnh khng c, m ni thnhc, hay c t m mun khoe cho c nhiu, vi tc l mun cho ngi knh n mnh. t nht l lm cho ngi khc khng dm coi thng mnh.

Tai hi ca Khoe khoang

Ngi i thng hay khoe, nhng h khng nhn thy ci hi ca s khkhoang y. Chng ta hy coi, ngi khoe khoang ch le c ngthng thi, ch khng khi no la c bc tr thc v cc bc tr thcnhn thc thy r rng ngi khoe khoang khng khc no ci thng rngln i ting ku to, nhng k tht l khng c g bn trong ht.

Ngi khoe khoang l ngi hay ni nhiu, nhng nhng li ni y khnc b ch vo u ht, du l cho bn thn h, v nh bt s phng, ngha l

khi ta cng nhi qun o nhiu chng no th bt nhiu chng y, nhng by khng c nc bn trong ch c khng kh thi, cng nh li ni cangi khoe khoang khng c gi tr, ch lm tn hi m thi.

Tm li l ngi hay khoe khoang nhng ni no cng thng em tai hn ni .

Phng php tr Khoe khoang

Ngi khoe khoang l ngi khng bit r bn thn mnh l ngi thu

hng no; khoe khoang nh vy hng c tai hi. Cn phi c phpATTANNT ngha l bit mnh, ni bit hng ngi ca mnh, giai cpca mnh, hc lc ca mnh v.v khi bit nh th th khng h dm khokhoang.

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THAMBLA: CNG U

Phn ng THAMBHA (cng u) c nhiu ngha khc nhau. Nu l danh t

th Thambha ngha l ct nh, nu l ng t th ngha l gip , chng xt v t ng th ting Thambha khng thy c g quan trng hay h hi g Nhng khi lm hnh dung t ca tm, th Thambha c l cng u, hay cngha l lm cho tm cng, khng chu khp vo khun kh ca li ch gioca thy t, cha m. V vy ni y ti xin dch Thambha l cng u.


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Tm chng ta c th tr nn thin c ty theo hon cnh bn ngoi a nHon cnh bn ngoi cng nh phn bn cy cho tt, hay cht c lm hcy. Phm ngi cng u hay chn vi li ging dy ca cc bc tr thcha m. Ta c th dy tm ta tr thnh lng thin, do nh sing nng v ddy, cho cc bc tr thc thng mn dy d mau tr nn lng thin nhn

Tai hi ca Cng u

1.- a s tai hi n cho bn thn mnh. Ngi m c tin ha v phtinh thn l nh c cc bc tr thc ch gio. Khi tm chn nn v khngham hc li ging dy ca cc bc tr thc, th tm khng c tin htrong s hc vn v i cng nh phng din tinh thn, o c. Ngcng u thng lm tng rng chnh mnh h l ngi thng hiu hnht. Tri li cc bc tr thc thy rng ngi t ra cng u chnh l ng

biu l s ngu dt ca mnh ra. V vy nn cc bc tr thc thng khimnhng v chu kh nghe li ngi khc nhc nh.

2.- Ci tai hi ca cng u l nu ngi cng u khng chu nghe li cdy ca cc bc tr thc m c quyn chc ch huy mt c s no th s lhi n ngi trong c s y.

Phng php tr Cng u

Mun tr cng u phi hnh ng nh th ny:

1.- i vi ngi ngoi bn thn ta:

- Ht lng dy bo bng lng t bi.

- Hnh pht.

- Hnh pht theo th thc ca Phm Thin, ni rng khi khng dy th ngi ng hi hay cng mt ch hng hy ng lng khng giao thivi ngi y, nhng khng lm hi on ght. Ngi cng u s b c l

ri s tr nn ngi d dy.2.- i vi bn thn mnh: Phi nhn thy ci hi ca s cng u v quca s bit vng li, ri lo lng hc hnh sing nng nghe li ging dy ccc bc tr thc, cha m, v lm cho mnh tr nn ngi d dy.

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Phng php dit tranh ua cng khng c g kh. Nn c tr nh v tr tusuy ngh thy ci hi ca tranh ua, ci li ca khng tranh ua. V hngtha thch vi nhng g m mnh c, gi l tri tc.

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MNA: NG MN

Ai cng bit ng mn l mt tt xu khng ai a. Phin no ng mn c thchia ra lm ba bc:

1.- Hng th thin (biu l ra bn ngoi).2.- Hng trung bnh (gi l ANUS: nhim).

3.- Hng v t (gi l UPAKILESA: thy min phin no, phin no ny ngngm trong tm cho n khi c A-la-hn qu).

Tai hi ca Ng mn

Tai hi ca ng mn ni ra khng ht nhng c th tm li c ba iu:

1.- Hi cho bn thn mnh. V ngi ng mn thng mnh l ngi caothng, qu phi , tr thc v.vcn ngi khc u ngu dt, thp hn nnlm mt thn thin vi mi ngi bn mnh. Ngi cng ng mn, cng thhp tri t, ti mun ni khng ai a giao thip hay thn cn, nn mdu tri t to ln, nhng ngi y sng l loi, hnh nh qu a cu ny nh b. Ngi y, tm khng ra mt ngi bn lnh, nu c chng th nhnngi ln ra ci nh v thi, nu c chuyn quan trng nhng ngi ncng chy b.

2.- Ng mn lm hi bn. Ngi no cn giao thip vi ngi ng mn, thngi y cng b cc bc tr thc xa lnh v nhng ngi bn lnh khc chtrch v lnh xa.

3.- Ngi ng mn thng hay kh chutrong khi gp ni hi hp ngngi, v h ngh rng ta cao thng, ta khng mun giao thip vi hnngi ny. Tri li nhng ngi y khng mun gn ngi ng mn. Nhvy ngi ng mn cm thy b c lp.

Phng php tr Ng mn


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Ngi mun dit tr phin no ny nn c tr tu nhn li s tht, xem k ta l hng ngi th no, c phi ta thuc hng vua cha, hng tr thc, hnsang giu v ta c c sc g hn ngi khng. Khi ngi can m nhnthy mnh khng c nhng iu y th nn mau mau dt b ng mn ng cn bnh y nhim su vo thm. Nhc bng ta tht l thuc nhng hng trn, th ta nn dng tr tu quan st rng: ta v ngi ch khc nhau chgiu ngho, sang hn, thng minh, dt nt thi, nhng c ch ging nhau lta vn l chng sanh cn ang trong vng lun hi kh no, v sau khi chtri ta s khng em c c n g theo c, m ch em ti v phc thVy ta c g cao thng. Ta nn dt b tnh xu ng mn y. Hn na ta hsuy ngh nhn thy tai hi ca ng mn, th dt b khng kh khn g.

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ATIMNA: KHINH NGITheo Phn ng, ATI c ngha l qu hay nhiu. MNA l ng mn. Ta cth ct ngha l ng mn thi qu. Nhng ngha ca ATIMNA l khinhngi. Ng mn ch cho rng mnh hn k khc. Cn khinh ngi th ni rming, ch bai ngi khc rng: Ngi kia khng bng ta. Trong y cn ctnh cch khinh khi b mt. Th ra ATIMNA t trong Mna ra. Khi xt kth ATIMNA l khinh ngi vi hai iu r rt hn Mna ng mn. Haiu y l ng mn chp ta v khinh khi ngi. V vy ci hi cATIMNA (khinh ngi) cng nh l Mna (ng mn).

y ti xin nhc li ci hi v s khinh ngi ca dng Thch ca.

Hai mi su th k trc y, dng Thch ca l dng c danh vng cao qunht trong ci Dim ph , v rt gii v cai tr v chinh chin. Nh vy cai dm d rng dng Thch Ca phi b dit tc mt cch chp nhong, ch vkhinh ngi thi. Nguyn bui ban mai kia, c vua Ba T Nc, tr v ti xSvath, Ngi ng trn lu cao trng thy ch Tng i kht thc, Ngi llm l sao ch Tng vo thnh tht sm, chia ra tng nhm nhiu t khcnhau. Ngi mi ngh rng ch Tng i th thc ni no c ai thnh cc Ngi, nn Ngi mi hi quan hu rng:

- Ny hin khanh, c ai thnh ch Tng th thc chng?

- Tu i Vng, c nhiu nh thnh ch Tng n th thc.

c vua phn hi:


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- Vy mi gia nh thnh my v?

- Tu i Vng, c ch thnh nhiu, c ni thnh t. Ty theo sc ca mgia nh.

- Vy ngi mi ch Tng nhiu hn ht l my v?

- Tu i vng, theo thn bit th c ng Trng gi Cp C c thn2.000 v, ng Culaanthapandika thnh 500 v, b Viskh thnh 500 v, bSupavs thnh 500 v.

- Nu vy ta thnh ch Tng n th thc trong cung ni th hay bit chnno!

- Tu i vng, tht l hnh phc.

Chiu hm y, c vua Ba T Nc n cha K Vin bch c Th Trng:

- Bch c Th Tn, t mun xin cng dng n ch Tng hng ngy

- Lnh thay! c Th Tn phn.

- Nu vy t xin c Th Tn cho t thnh trai tng mi ngy mngn v.

- Lnh thay!

- Ring v phn c Th Tn, t xin thnh Ngi th thc hng ngy tronhong cung, cn ch i c khc tu theo s nh ca tng chng.

c Th Tn phn: "Tu i vng, l c nhin, mt v Chnh ng Chngic khng bao gi th thc mt nh mi mi, v tt c nhn loi u monmun c cng dng cho c Pht, cho nn Nh Lai phi v nhn loi."

c vua bch: "Bch c Th Tn, nu ch Tng hng i phin nhau th thc trong hong cung, th kh cho qu Ngi khng quen, vy xin cTh Tn cho mt v n thng trc, v nh vy th v y thng tho s i v ni th thc."

c Th Tn p: "Nh th y l Nh Lai nhm li!"


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Sng ngy, c mt ngn t Pht n th thc. y l ln u tin c vtrai tng, nn ngi cha thng o v s b th c tnh cch l qung co chodn chng bit. V vy chnh c vua ng ra dng cng n ch Tng. Nglm nh th c 7 ngy, Ngi li giao phn s y cho cc quan lo, cn Ngth lo vic khc, v vy nn s cng dng cng ngy cng gim s cungknh v vt thc cng khng v cc quan lm phn s khng trn. Khi ych Tng cng ngy cng gim, khng n th thc trong hong cung nach cn c mt mnh c Anana rng tr ch nhn nhn n thi.

c vua Ba T Nc thy ch Tng vo th thc trong hong cung cngngy cng t nh th, Ngi ng rng v cc quan ph trch vic y khng lmtrn phn s hay l v Ngi khng phi l quyn thuc ca Pht, nn chTng khng thch n. Ri Ngi thm ngh rng: "Vy ta phi lm sao chtr nn quyn thuc ca Pht. Ta phi ci cho c ngi dng Thch C

v lm hong hu, chng th ch Tng v c Pht s ng n th thcon Ngi mi cho s thn n thnh CA B LA V xin lm l ci con gdng Thch Ca.

Khi dng Thch Ca tip c li yu cu ca c vua Ba T Nc, lin hnhau li bn vic g cho con vua Ba T Nc. S tht th dng Thch Ckhng bao gi mun g con cho dng khc, nhng nu khng g th s vua Ba T Bc c binh n vn nn. V vy h mi g con ca ngi th tn Vsabhakhattiy. S thn v c vua Ba T Nc u khng bit chuyy.Mi su nm sau, thi-t Viddabha tng rng m mnh l dng Thch Ccao qu, nn xin m cho php v thm qu ngoi. Hong hu thy con quyv thm qu ngoi nh vy khng bit phi ni sao, nn cho ngi v bdng Thch Ca hay trc v yu cu tip n nng hu.

Khi hong t Viddabha ng v thnh Ca B La V vi quan hu tht trannghim, th dng Thch ca cho cc cng n, v hong t i chi xa, vdng Thch ca khng bao gi chu lm l ai mc du bng mt ci chp tax.

Khi n sn chu thi t Viddabha c mt v i thn a i gii thicho t v trng thng dng thch Ca. Thi t Viddabha lm l cc vxong, mi hi vy cc hong huynh i u ht, khng thy c mt v noV i thn p rng:


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Nhng v y mc i hc xa, c v i sn bn cha v. Thi t Viddabha ti bng li.

n ngy th t thi t Viddabha co t ra v. Nhng th n trong hongcung rt bc mnh, vn mun cho thi t v mau, nn khi thi t va ra ith bn th n ly sa ti ra ch ngi ca thi t v ni rng: "Th cca y t m cng lm cho chng mnh nhc cng!"

Ngay khi y, c mt v quan hu ca thi t tr li ly cy gm ca thi b qun nghe c li y, bn tu li cho thi t nghe. Thi t Viddabhaly lm cm tc ni rng: "Ngy no y ta s ly mu c ca dng Thch c ra mt t!"

Thi gian qua, n khi thi t Viddabha c tr v x Svatth l x hng

cng nht trong thi k y, iu m Ngi nh trc ht l li khinh khi cnhng ngi t n ca dng Thch Ca nn Ngi truyn ra qun v chnh Ngi thn chinh.

c Th Tn bit trc rng dng Thch Ca s b tiu dit do tay ca vuViddabha. Ngi ngh thng hi cho c hai bn thng cng nh bi u btiu dit nn Ngi mi ng n ni bin gii ca hai nc Svatth v Ca BLa V.

Khi trng thy c Th Tn, c vua Viddabha mi n gn l bi xon

ri hi rng: "Bch c Th Tn, ti sao Ngi ng di ct cy nhnh tha tht trong bui tra nng nc nh th ny? Xin thnh Ngi n ngdi ct cy kia mt hn".

Trong thm tm, vua Viddabha mun thnh c Th Tn ng qua cy khcl mun cho trng ng ng qun Ngi i qua. Ngi s khi quan quntrng thy c Th Tn s ng lng, v tt c quan qun ai ai cng knhtrng v rt trong sch vi c Th Tn, th s khng chu i git hi dnThch Ca.

c Th Tn p li rng: "Tu i vng, bng cy kia tht l mt, nhn bng mt ca quyn thuc cn mt hn bng cy y".

c vua nghe qua lin hiu rng c Th Tn ng n ni y l ng Ngi khng cho git hi dng Thch Ca. V lng knh n v thng mn Th Tn, v ngh rng Ngi l cu mnh, nn c vua l bi xong lui ra vtruyn rt qun v thnh.


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Nhng c vua Viddabha ch dn lng c ngay lc thi; lc sau Ngili c binh i na. Nh th n ba ln m ln no cng gp c Th Tc vua u tr v ba ln.

c Th Tn n c vua Viddabha c ba ln nhng bit khng th cc, nn Ngi khng n cn ln th t. Ngi bit rng nu l nghip oan tri th khng th no gii c, mc du Ngi l Pht.

V vy n ln th t, c vua Viddabha xua qun vo tn dit dng ThcCa. V dng Thch Ca l dng tu hnh th ng gii rt trong sch nn khngkhng chin, qun c vua Viddabha vo thnh tn st d dng.

Tai hi ca dng Thch Ca phi gnh chu l do ni s khinh khi k khcm ra.

Ngi khinh khi k khc c th chia ra lm hai hng, mt hng khinh khi kkhc bng li ni v hnh th nh th khinh khi ngi ngm trong tm mnhHng ngi th nh khng khinh khi ngi v ngho hay t hc hoc dt nhay gia nh h lu m khinh khi v mi vic m khng ph by ra bnngoi cho ngi ta bit. Bnh ny tht l kh cha khng khc no ung th bn trong. Phin no ny tht l tai hi cho tm.

Mun tr phin no y, ta nn nhn thy qu ca khinh ngi nh dnThch Ca, ta phi lm cho tm bit knh trng ngi trng thng mc d

hng ngi y thuc giai cp no, ng qun rng du sao h cng l ngnh ta, khi cht cng thi nh nhau. Chng ta hy xem coi chng ta c gqu hn ngi, khi chng ta nh nc ming vo mt ci ly hi chng ta cth lim nc ming y li c khng? Tt nhin l khng. Ta cao qu trong sch n ngi khc ch no, chnh bn thn v vt trong ngca ta ra m ta cng vn gm nh thng. Tm li mun dit s khinh kngi ta, phi c php ATTANNT ngha l lun lun c s nhn thc bit ta l hng no.

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MADA: SAY

Phin no ny c ngha l say, nhng say ca tm ch khng phi say cathn. Ci say ca thn l say ru, say tru, say thuc, say nng v.v Nhng ci say ny c th ht c khng cn cha. Nhng ci say ca tth thuc cha cng chng lnh m nm ngh cng chng ht.


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Ngi i khi c tic hay bn b r ung ru chi, l say, y thuc vthn say. Cn ngi no khng c ru l chu khng c, phi c ruung mi c, khng vy th bun bc quo v.v y thuc v tm sayTm li khi ta thy ngi say ng ti ng lui, y ta cha chc ngi y sthn hay say tm. Phi i coi hnh vi ca h, v ci say c rt nhiu hnhthc, phi xem k s hnh ng mi c th nh c.

Tai hi ca s Say

Phm ngi say, du say mt vt no, vt y cng l nguyn nhn em tahi n cho ta t hay nhiu ty trng hp. Vt no lm say ngi cnthng lm cho mt thanh danh, mt tn nhim, cc bc tr thc ch trch bn b lnh xa; cng vic lm n b nh tr; ci hi nh nht l trong ginh b xo trn, nh v khng knh n, con khng vng li, k gip vic

trong nh cng chng king n.Phng php tr Say

Phm ngi c tr nn nhn thy ci hi ca mnh, gia nh mnh v conmnh, nn lnh xa nhng g lm cho ta say nh ru, phin, c bc, ngim. Theo li Pht dy, cc t khng nn m theo ng trn dc lc, v l nguyn nhn lun hi. c Th Tn thng dy nn suy tng n ci hca ng trn m xa lnh. Ngi v ng trn nh ngn uc chy mnhngi m theo ng trn khng khc no l ngi cm ngn uc y chngc gi, hoc ng trn khng khc no con dao bn c thoa mt, cnchng ta nh nhng tr con khng bit l con dao bn, m a ln lim Ng trn v nh mt c cht c, chng ta l ngi t tr tu ham ung chngt, nn nhim c. c Pht thng dy ng trn l sc p, ting hmi ngon, v thm, s cm xc mm mi m chng sanh thng a thch, lnhn em li cho chng sanh kh nhiu vui t. Nu c vui chng th ch vuichc lt m kh nhiu nm. Chng ta v nh ngi ngi gia ng la chung quanh nng ny kh chu khng sao k xit c, nhng khi c trgi thi qua ta cm thy mt, nn qun c s nng bao nhiu lu. La y lci hi ca ng trn, cn ngn gi thong qua l s vui ca ng trn.

Ngi m mun tr c s say m nn c tr nh v tr tu nhn thci kh ca ta v say m ti, sc, danh, li, m kh khng ngy gii thotc .

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PAMDA: D DUI

D dui c ngha l lm vic khng c tr nh, hay c th ni lm vickhng cn thn. Khi ngi lm vic thiu tr nh v khng cn thn th vilm thng hay h hng nhng ch l tiu tit, c th trng thy tronhnh ng ca ngi d dui. Cn nhng chi tit quan trng hn m tkhng nhn thy c, v khng biu l ra bn ngoi mi tht l chn tnca d dui. Ni n s d dui ny, c Th Tn m ch ngi thiu tnh v tr tu, khng bao gi ngh n rng mnh gi, mnh ang i nni tiu dit, tc l n ch cht n ch mnh. Ngi i khng bao gi thci cht tht gn bn ta, ta c th cht v mi phng din hoc v ng hay v nhng tai nn no khc khng k xit c. Nhng ngi i d dui, nn ngh khng bao gi mnh b nhng chuyn y. c Pht dyMi pht qua, chnh l chng ta i n gn ci cht. Nhng ngi cht r

khng em g theo c, mc du giu c sang trng, tin nhiu ca d Ngi ch mit mi theo ti, sc, li, danh qun mnh nh th, gi l ngthiu tr nh, thiu tr tu, l ngi d dui.

c Pht c dy rng: PAMDOMACCUNOPADAM ngha l s d duil con ng i n ch cht.

YE PAMADA YATHMATA: Ngi d dui v nh ngi cht. Cuny c ni l ngi mc du cn sng nhng khng lm g li ch chomnh kip ny v i v lai th khng khc no ngi cht.

Phng php dit tr D dui

Phng php dit tr d dui bn ngoi l c tp cho c tr nh. Tr nh l php quan trng nht nn c Pht dy php t nim x l: nim thn, nith, nim tm v nim php.

Nim thn c hai phng din khc nhau: a) bn ngoi, v b) bn trong.

a.- Ngi nim thn l ngi hng nh n thn mnh, bit rng ta ang ng, hay nm ngi, hoc lm g, lun vn c tr nh quan st, v ta khngc tr nh quan st, nn khi lm g xong ri ta li qun i, hay khi ta anglm, nhng ta thiu tr nh lm cho chuyn y khng c hon ton chuo. Trong t nim x, ni nim thn l ni khi i ta gi chn ln cng bitta ang gi chn ln, khi xung bit ta xung, m gt xung trhay bn xung trc. Tr nh k cng nh vy trong mi cng chuyn thkhng khi no ta b tht bi. Qu v c tp theo li ny, chc chn s thy t


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nh tng trng; ngi khng tp th tr cng ngy cng xa mnh dn, thnhra ta ni ta hay qun l v vy. l c Pht dy s cho ta tp tr nh bnngoi.

b.- Phn ng KYA ngha l (thn) hi hp. Hi hp nhng g? Hi hp 3th trc nh tc, lng, mng, rng, da v.vv 32 th y do ni t i lt, nc, gi, la to thnh.

KYA cng c ngha l ch sanh ra nhng vt bn thu, y c ni thnny l vt cu to do ni nhng vt khng sch ca m cha, v chnh nhng tit ra nhng mi hi thi. Hn y na, thn ny li sanh ra nhng vnh nhp hn tt c cc vt nh nhp, l s HUNG C ca con ngi.

Ch KYA do ch KU v YA, KU c ngha l bn thu; YA c ngha l

hi hp.Khi c Pht dy nim thn bn trong thn, Ngi c dy hy suy ngh thmi phn nh ring bit nhau trong mt khi ln, chia thn ny ra tn phn nh tc, lng, mng, rng, da, tht v.v chng ta nhn thy mi phnc tn ring ca n th ci g l ca ta, l ta, l ngi; vt m ta vn chpthn ny l ca ta.

Khi chng ta chia ra tng phn khc nhau nh vy, chng ta li thy rngcc thnh phn y u di quyn s hu ca 4 php:

1.- ANICCATO: Thn ny l v thng (khng bn vng).2.- DUKKHATO: Thn ny kh no.3.- ANTTATO: Thn ny v ng ( khng phi ta, khng phi ca ta).4.- ASUBHATO: Thn ny rt l nh bn.

c Th Tn c dy: Hnh gi nn quan st thn ny nh vy: "V phtrn t tc xung n da bn chn, v phn di ln t da bn chn n tthn ta bao bc bng mt lp da v thn ny c 32 th to thnh. Ny cthy T khu nn qun tng thy thn ta nh th".

Khi ngi thy tr nh th sing l nh n mi s hnh ng ca mnh bngoi dit tr s d dui, khng lm sai lm trong cng vic. l ni bn ngoi. Cn suy ngh thy thn nh nim bn trong dy trn kia lm cho ngi khng d dui ham m theo ti, sc, li, danh, th mi l phquan trng, l con ng i ra ngoi bin Lun hi. Khi tm ngi khng ddui, th khng chy theo trn dc, tm y s c thnh thi, khng nn


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ny v lng tham i, sn hn v si m. y l php khng d dui v dit trs d dui.

* * *

Nh trn y qu v thy Si m l ngun gc ca mi phin no khcTham lam hay sn hn ch c i ba chi lin h vi phin no chnh thi,ring si m c c 12 chi m mi chi u rt quan trng. Nu qu v thu hinhng phin no k trn v c tm quan st coi n pht sanh ln do niu, trong trng hp no, xong qu v li dit tr n theo php i tr thchng th chc ch

Tam Doc Va Phap Doi Tri - Ps Maha ThongKham

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