Tailored Bioabsorbable Implants and Scaffolds

8/12/2019 Tailored Bioabsorbable Implants and Scaffolds

1/20

Tailored bioabsorbable implants and scaffolds

for biomedical and tissue engineering

applications

Minna Kellomki

Professor, Dr Tech, FBSE

BioMediTech

and

Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering

Tampere University of Technology, Finland


2/20

History of biomaterials research in Finland

Tekes review 289/2012, p. 63


3/20

3

4.9.2013

1st in the world innova

tions and products

1st in the world several surgical implant familiesintroduced to clinical studies, examples:

Ultra-high strength pins and screws for bonefracture fixation

Membranes for guided tissue regeneration

Arrows for closing of knee meniscus ruptures

Stents for urological and gastro-enterologicalapplications

Malleable plates for craniomaxillofacial, spineand thoracic surgical applications

Antibiotic releasing screws for prophylacticapplications

Bioreconstructive scaffolds for finger and toejoint regeneration


4/20

Biomaterials research areas

Leader: Minna Kellomki Prof, Dr Tech, FBSE

Processing, microstructures and properties of:

Bioabsorbable, synthetic polymers

Hydrogels

Modified natural organic materials

Polymer-ceramic composites

Bioceramics and bioactive glasses

Development of:

Surgical implants and implantable measuring devices Scaffolds for tissue engineering

Drug releasing biomaterials

Biocompatible surfaces and electrical properties of

biomaterials


5/20

Advanced Tissue Regeneration Technology;Osteopromotive Composite Scaffolds and Cellular

Response with Human Adipose Stem Cells

KURKO


6/20

Requirements for TE-scaffold technology

Requirements for a tissue

engineering scaffold:

Biocompatible

Optimal pore size

Interconnected pore

structure

Bioabsorbable

Requirements for a technology

transfer from the lab to the clinics:

Better functionality or activity

compared to the existingtechnology

High manufacturing rate and

yield

Low manufacturing costs

Easy to use


7/20

Scaffold structures

PLCL: Porosity up to 70 %

Average pore size 500-1000 m

Max pore size 1300-2300 m

PLCL--TCP 40 wt-%:

Porosity up to 70 %



PLCL--TCP 60 wt-%:

Porosity up to 60 %



Scaffold + water

Scaffold phase Water phase

Pore interconnectivity 98-99 %


8/20

In vitro cytocompatibility

Seeding with human

adipose stem cells(660 cells/ mm3)

Cell attachment and

viability

Live/dead-fluorescent probes

Cell proliferation

Quantitative DNA analysis(CyQuant)

Early stage osteogenic

differentiation

Quantitative alkaline

phosphatase activity

Adipose stem cells have

been used successfully for

clinical bone regeneration

[2,3]

[2] Mesimaki K, et al. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2009.[3] Thesleff T, et al. Neurosurgery, 2011.


9/20

Conclusions

ScCO2

-processing enables effective manufacturing of

porous and biodegradable scaffolds without harmful

solvents

The scaffolds mechanical properties enable cyclic loading

and easy tailoring of the scaffolds to the desired shape

PLCL 70/30 -TCP scaffolds support the attachment

and stimulate the proliferation of hASCs

Preliminary results show also that thescaffolds induce the early osteogenic

differentiation


10/20

The Team and Acknowledgements

Scientific team:

Tampere University of TechnologyProfessor Minna Kellomki

Kaarlo Paakinaho

Niina Ahola

Professor Mika Valden

Leena Vuori

Professor Jari Hyttinen

Markus Hannula

Tampere University

Doc. Susanna Miettinen

Suvi Haimi

Laura Tirkkonen

Sanna Huttunen

Aalto UniversityProfessor Jukka Seppl

Laura Elomaa

International collaboration with:

Professor Dirk Grijpma, University of Twente, The Netherlands

Professor Marcy Zenobi-Wong, ETH Zrich, Switzerland

Professor Maria Rita Passos-Bueno, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil

Funding and collaboration:

Industrial collaboration:

The Finnish Funding Agency for

Technology and Innovation


11/20

Biomaterials for regenerative

medicine

-

Human Spare Parts projecthttp://www.biomeditech.fi/research/human_spare_parts_program.php


12/20

In the picture 1990s human spare parts

Scientific teams:

Tampere University of Technology

Professor Minna Kellomki (Biomaterials)

Professor Jari Hyttinen (Imaging and image analysis)

Ptofessor Jukka Lekkala (Biosensors and measurements)

Professor Pasi Kallio (Biomimetic environments)

Tampere University

Doc. Susanna Miettinen (Adipose stem cells)

Doc. Susanna Narkilahti (Neuro)

Doc. Heli Skottman (Ophthalmology)

Doc. Katriina Aalto-Setl (Cardiac cells and tissues)

Main funding:

The Finnish Funding Agency for

Technology and Innovation

http://www.biomeditech.fi/research/human_spare_parts_program.php
http://www.biomeditech.fi/research/human_spare_parts_program.phphttp://www.biomeditech.fi/research/human_spare_parts_program.phphttp://www.biomeditech.fi/research/human_spare_parts_program.phphttp://www.biomeditech.fi/research/human_spare_parts_program.php


13/20

134.9.2013

Biomaterials research themes in HSP

1. Fibers and 2D & 3D textiles2. Hydrogels and functionalization of

materials

3. Biodegradable sensors

Application areas:

1. Regenerative medicine

2. Cell culture surfaces and devices

3. Material development and characterization


14/20

Melt-spun biodegradable fibers

Melt processing of biodegradable polymers

- Design and manufacturing of the equipment and

tools

- Optimization of parameters for spinning of fibers

Coarse Fine Ultra fine Nano & Hollow fibers

> 100 m 100-30 m 30-1 m < 1 m > 60 m

Slide by Ville Ell / TUT BME

4.9.2013

F fib diff t


15/20

From fibers different

textile structures

From fibers production of multiple textile structures

from textiles scaffolds and implants

e.g. Knits Braids Non-wovens Wovens

Slide by Ville Ell / TUT BME

4.9.2013


16/20

16

PLA96 + fibrin hybrids

Tschoeke B et al. Tissue Engineering 2009Koch et al, Biomaterials 2010


17/20

Two photon polymerization

- structures and functionalization

- (additional partner: VTT)

17

4.9.2013

(a) (b) (c)

Neurocages (2PP)

Protein structures: BSA (left) and avidin (right) (2PP)

Miniaturized trabecular

bone replica (2PP)

Designed scaffold; close-up of nanostructure; cultured

ASCs(2PP)


18/20

Embedded measuring circuits

-1.5

-1

-0.5

ShiftofFrequency(MHz)

PCL 2,40 mm

PLCL 2,09 mm

PDMS 2.19 mm

- Measuring circuit embedded inside polymer foils

- Distant reader system- Detection of water diffusion into the polymer

structure

Salpavaara et al, 2012

- We can use this information to e.g.- Understand material behavior

more deeply

- Enhance material selection

process for applications

- By improving models how

polymers degrade

(collaboration prof Pan,

Univ Leicester)


19/20

Biomaterial requests in HSP

Permanent > temporary

Biostabile bioabsorbable > bioactive

Replacement - repair > tissue engineering

Solid -> porous

Hard/rigid & soft/flexible & hydrogel/gel

2D & 3D

Macro & micro & nano

Basic research

> R&D

> commercialization/products19

4.9.2013


20/20

Tailored Bioabsorbable Implants and Scaffolds

Documents

Transcript of Tailored Bioabsorbable Implants and Scaffolds