Systems of the Body

Systems of the Body Our body is made up of many different systems. The systems all

work together to help us do the tasks that we must do each day. These tasks include breathing, digesting and walking.

The main systems of the body are as following:

Circulatory System

Digestive System

Excretory System

Respiratory System

Muscular System

Skeletal System

Nervous System

Circulatory System Your body has many

systems. One very important system is the circulatory system.The circulatory system is made up of your heart, blood, and blood vessels.

Your circulatory system is a little like the mailman. It delivers things you need and then picks up and takes away things you don't need.

Circulatory System The circulatory system is made up of the vessels and the muscles that

help and control the flow of the blood around the body. This process is called circulation.

The major parts of the circulatory system are the heart, arteries and veins.

The heart pumps blood to the arteries, then the arteries take oxygenated blood away from the heart and to the muscles. The blood travels back to the heart through an intricate course of veins. As it reaches the lungs, carbon dioxide (a waste product) is removed and replaced with fresh oxygen which we inhale through our lungs.

You can think of veins and arteries as being streets with veins taking oxygen to the heart and the arteries taking oxygen away from the heart.

Circulatory

System

Respiratory System Why do you need to breathe?

All the cells in your body require oxygen. Without it, they couldn't move, build, reproduce, and turn food into energy. In fact, without oxygen, you would die! How do you get oxygen? From breathing in air which your blood circulates to all parts of the body.

The respiratory system consists of the airways, the lungs and the respiratory muscles that mediate the movement of air into and out of the body.

The major organs in the respiratory system are the lungs, trachea, bronchioles, mouth, nose and epiglottis.

Respiratory System

Digestive System and Excretory Systems

The human body needs fuel to live. We eat food for fuel. But just getting the food into the body is only a small part of the process. The food must be broken down into chemicals that the body can use. This whole process is called digestion.

The mouth chews the food using strong teeth, then uses the tongue to push food down the throat and esophagus into the stomach. It is then mixed with the hydrochloric acid, which helps break down the food in your stomach into small particles. From there it goes into your small and large intestine on its way out of your body…!

Digestive System

The Excretory System: Part II of digestion

How long do you think it takes for a meal

to pass through your body?

Waste products and food that are not absorbed in the small intestine pass

into the large intestine. This waste material is called feces. The large

intestine is only five feet long but is larger in diameter than the small

intestine. The large intestine includes the colon.

In the large intestine, feces are formed from water, undigested food and

bacteria. Water is absorbed back into the body so the waste material

becomes more solid as it travels through the colon. It may take as long as

twenty hours for food to pass completely through the large intestine.

Muscular SystemSkeletal--help strengthen the body and connect the

bones. These muscles support the skeleton .When

someone lifts weights, they are “working out” their

skeletal muscles. (biceps, triceps, deltoid, abdominals,

gluteus maximum, etc.). Skeletal muscles are voluntary

muscles which mean we can consciously control them.

Smooth--found on the walls of internal organs, around

the stomach, small intestine, blood vessels and the

bladder. These muscles are involuntary which means you

can not consciously control the muscle.

Cardiac--found only in the heart, these muscles protect

the heart and the vital tissues and organs surrounding the

heart contract automatically to squeeze the walls of the

heart inward.

Skeletal System

The Skeleton system is made up of the 206 different bones.

The skeletal system gives you shape and support and it

protects other parts of your body like the brain, lungs, heart

and liver. It also enables you to move.

Can you recall some of the names of

bones in your body?

Nervous

System

Nervous System The central nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal

cord, and nerves. The brain has three main parts, the brain stem or medulla, the cerebrum, and the cerebellum. Each part has a special job to perform.

If you think of the brain as a central computer that controls all bodily functions, then the nervous system is like a network that relays messages back and forth from the brain to different parts of the body. It does this via the spinal cord, which runs from the brain down through the back and contains threadlike nerves that branch out to every organ and body part.

Blood vessels

Blood vessels transports blood through the body.

Blood Using blood vessels, blood carries oxygen and nutrients to

every cell of the body, carries away waste products, and plays

a central role in the body's defense against intruders,

delivering essential elements and removing harmful

wastes.Without blood, the human body would stop working!

Blood—what is it? Because it contains living cells, blood is alive. Red blood cells and

white blood cells are responsible for nourishing and cleansing the

body. Since the cells are alive, they need nourishment. Vitamins

and minerals keep the blood healthy

Our blood is made of two main types of cells:

Red blood cells—carry nutrients and oxygen to the blood

White blood cells—help fight off infections and help us stay healthy

Approximately 55 percent of blood is plasma, a straw-colored clear

liquid. The liquid plasma carries the solid cells and the platelets which

help blood clot. Without blood platelets, you would bleed to death.

Systems of the Body

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