Synthesis of Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles
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Synthesis of Doped Synthesis of Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Nanoparticles have been around for millennia, being produced by various natural phenomena. However, since the industrial revolution, the number of nanoparticles in the environment has been increasing steadily. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are present in many consumer products, such as: •Cosmetics •Paper •Medications •Sunscreens Questions will arise, such as is there a buildup of nanoparticles in the food chain, and what affect, if any, do TiO 2 nanoparticles have on any form of life? These questions are important because: •Nanoparticles have a tremendous potential for the future of our society •Overall, the potential environmental and health ramifications are still relatively unknown. Chuang, H.Y., & Chen, D.H. (2008). Catalyst-free low temperature synthesis of discrete anatase titanium dioxide nanocrystals with highly thermal stability and UVC-cut capability . Journal of Nanoparticle Research. 10, 233-241. Li, Y., Lim, S.H, and White, T. (2004). Controlled Synthesis and Characterization of TiO 2 Nanoparticles via a Sol-Gel Method. International Journal of Nanoscience. Vol 3, No. 6, 749-755. Gutsch, A., Kramer, M. Michael, G., Muhlenweg, H., Pridohl, M., and Zimmermann, G. (2002). Gas- Phase Production of Nanoparticles. KONA Power and Particle Journal. No. 20, 24-37. Croll, S.G., Taylor, C.A. (2007). Hydrated Alumina Surface Treatment on a Titanium Dioxide Pigment: Changes at Acidic and Basic pH. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 314, 531-539. Putting Things in Putting Things in Perspective Perspective O O 2 Ti Ti Al Al 4 9 2 2 4 9 4 4 9 2 2 3 4 9 3 TiC H O + 2 H O TiO + 4 C H OH 2 A l C H O + 3 H O AlO + 6 C H OH By: Anthony Timson, Nhien Le, and Werner Roth By: Anthony Timson, Nhien Le, and Werner Roth Low Temperature, Low Temperature, Catalyst Free Catalyst Free Method Method Step 1: Create the Precursor Solution Precursor: Tetra-n-butyl titanate (TnBT) and aluminum tri-sec- butoxide (AtsBT) is dissolved in ethylene glycol (EG). Step 2: React the Solution: add the precursor to a solution of with a ratio of 1 mL EG to 1 mL of 20.0 nm of agitated water. Step 3: Centrifugal wash Final solution washed with Step 4 (a): Thermal Evaporation: Heat to remove water and butyl alcohol keep agitated (~6 hr), then heat in vacuum oven to remove EG (~6 hr) Step 4 (b): Freeze Dry Project Goals Project Goals Faculty Sponsors: Faculty Sponsors: Dr. Alexandre Yokochi and Dr. Jeff Nason Introduction/Why Introduction/Why Do We Care? Do We Care? • Synthesize traceable doped nanoparticles with similar surface chemistry to pure rutile phase TiO 2 nanoparticles • Develop a method to control dopant concentration • Develop a method to control particle size predictably while minimizing size dispersion Pure TiO 2 nanocrystal Al 2 O 3 + TiO 2 doped nanocrystal Ant (~2 mm) Red Blood Cells (~10 µm) 10 -2 m 10 -3 m 10 -4 m 10 -5 m 10 -6 m 10 -8 m 10 -7 m 10 -10 m 10 -9 m 100 nm 1.0 nm 1 mm 10 nm 0.1 nm 1 µm 10 µm 100 µm DNA (~2 nm) Hair ~100 µm Our size regime Proposed mechanism to dope TiO 2 with aluminum in order to trace the origin of nanoparticles in the environment: Acknowledgements: The team would like to thank Dr. Philip Harding, Dr. Alexandre Yokochi, and Dr. Jeff Nason for providing guidance and funding for the project. We would also like to thank Robert Kimmell and Kevin Caple, two graduate students at OSU, for assisting Results/Findings Results/Findings Nanoparticles post thermal evaporation from Sample 1. Nanoparticles in solution. Nanoparticles post freeze dry treatment for Sample 7. TiO 2 is commonly used in medications such as Zyrtec-D. SEM imaging of nanoclusters from Sample 1. Target size • For thermal evaporation the size distribution from SEM images ranged from 110-230 nm. • Due to the color and behavior of the nanoparticulates this method was replaced with a centrifugal wash and freeze drying process. • Freeze drying process corrected the color issues by eliminating the EG residue. • Rough size estimation from XRD place particle size around 100 nm. • XRD showed particles as crystalline structures. XRD image of Sample 7, approximately 100 nm. Notice the color difference between Sample 1 (left) and Sample 7 (right). Sample 1 was thermal treated, and Sample 7
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Introduction/Why Do We Care?. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Synthesis of Doped Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles
Synthesis of Doped Synthesis of Doped Titanium Dioxide NanoparticlesTitanium Dioxide NanoparticlesNanoparticles have been around for millennia,
being produced by various natural phenomena. However, since the industrial revolution, the number of nanoparticles in the environment has been increasing steadily. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are present in many consumer products, such as:
•Cosmetics •Paper•Medications •Sunscreens
Questions will arise, such as is there a buildup of nanoparticles in the food chain, and what affect, if any, do TiO2 nanoparticles have on any form of life?
These questions are important because:•Nanoparticles have a tremendous potential for the future of our society•Overall, the potential environmental and health ramifications are still relatively unknown.
Chuang, H.Y., & Chen, D.H. (2008). Catalyst-free low temperature synthesis of discrete anatase titanium dioxide nanocrystals with highly thermal stability and UVC-cut capability . Journal of Nanoparticle Research. 10, 233-241.
Li, Y., Lim, S.H, and White, T. (2004). Controlled Synthesis and Characterization of TiO2 Nanoparticles via a Sol-Gel Method. International Journal of Nanoscience. Vol 3, No. 6, 749-755.
Gutsch, A., Kramer, M. Michael, G., Muhlenweg, H., Pridohl, M., and Zimmermann, G. (2002). Gas-Phase Production of Nanoparticles. KONA Power and Particle Journal. No. 20, 24-37.
Croll, S.G., Taylor, C.A. (2007). Hydrated Alumina Surface Treatment on a Titanium Dioxide Pigment: Changes at Acidic and Basic pH. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. 314, 531-539.
Putting Things in Putting Things in PerspectivePerspective
OO22
TiTi
AlAl
4 9 2 2 4 94
4 9 2 2 3 4 93
Ti C H O + 2 H O TiO + 4 C H OH
2 Al C H O + 3 H O Al O + 6 C H OH
By: Anthony Timson, Nhien Le, and Werner RothBy: Anthony Timson, Nhien Le, and Werner Roth
Low Temperature,Low Temperature,Catalyst Free MethodCatalyst Free Method
Step 1: Create the Precursor Solution
Precursor: Tetra-n-butyl titanate (TnBT) and aluminum tri-sec-butoxide (AtsBT) is dissolved in ethylene glycol (EG).
Step 2: React the Solution:
add the precursor to a solution of with a ratio of 1 mL EG to 1 mL of 20.0 nm of agitated water.
Step 3: Centrifugal washFinal solution washed with
Step 4 (a): Thermal Evaporation:
Heat to remove water and butyl alcohol keep agitated (~6 hr), then heat in vacuum oven to remove EG (~6 hr)
Step 4 (b): Freeze Dry
Project GoalsProject Goals
Faculty Sponsors: Faculty Sponsors: Dr. Alexandre Yokochi and Dr. Jeff Nason
Introduction/Why Do Introduction/Why Do We Care?We Care?
• Synthesize traceable doped nanoparticles with similar surface chemistry to pure rutile phase TiO2 nanoparticles
• Develop a method to control dopant concentration
• Develop a method to control particle size predictably while minimizing size dispersion
Pure TiO2 nanocrystal
Al2O3 + TiO2 doped nanocrystal
Ant (~2 mm)
Red Blood Cells(~10 µm)
10-2 m
10-3 m
10-4 m
10-5 m
10-6 m
10-8 m
10-7 m
10-10 m
10-9 m
100 nm
1.0 nm
1 mm
10 nm
0.1 nm
1 µm
10 µm
100 µm
DNA(~2 nm)
Hair ~100 µm
Our size regime
Proposed mechanism to dope TiO2 with aluminum in order to trace the origin of nanoparticles in the environment:
Acknowledgements: The team would like to thank Dr. Philip Harding, Dr. Alexandre Yokochi, and Dr. Jeff Nason for providing guidance and funding for the project. We would also like to thank Robert Kimmell and Kevin Caple, two graduate students at OSU, for assisting in analysis of the samples.
Results/FindingsResults/Findings
Nanoparticles post thermal evaporation
from Sample 1.
Nanoparticles in solution.
Nanoparticles post freeze dry treatment
for Sample 7.
TiO2 is commonly used in medications such as Zyrtec-D.
SEM imaging of nanoclusters from Sample 1.
Target size
• For thermal evaporation the size distribution from SEM images ranged from 110-230 nm.
• Due to the color and behavior of the nanoparticulates this method was replaced with a centrifugal wash and freeze drying process.
• Freeze drying process corrected the color issues by eliminating the EG residue.
• Rough size estimation from XRD place particle size around 100 nm.
• XRD showed particles as crystalline structures.
XRD image of Sample 7, approximately 100 nm. Notice the color difference
between Sample 1 (left) and Sample 7 (right). Sample 1 was thermal treated, and Sample 7 was freeze dried.
