Sustainable Development and Biodiversity

Volume 12

Series editor

Kishan Gopal Ramawat Botany Department, M.L. Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India

This book series provides complete, comprehensive and broad subject based reviews about existing biodiversity of different habitats and conservation strategies in the framework of different technologies, ecosystem diversity, and genetic diversity. The ways by which these resources are used with sustainable management and replen-ishment are also dealt with. The topics of interest include but are not restricted only to sustainable development of various ecosystems and conservation of hotspots, tra-ditional methods and role of local people, threatened and endangered species, global climate change and effect on biodiversity, invasive species, impact of various activi-ties on biodiversity, biodiversity conservation in sustaining livelihoods and reducing poverty, and technologies available and required. The books in this series will be useful to botanists, environmentalists, marine biologists, policy makers, conserva-tionists, and NGOs working for environment protection.

More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/11920

Dinesh K. Maheshwari Editor

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Bacterial Metabolites in Sustainable Agroecosystem

EditorDinesh K. MaheshwariDepartment of Botany and Microbiology Gurukul Kangri University Haridwar, Uttarakhand India

ISSN 2352-474X ISSN 2352-4758 (electronic)Sustainable Development and BiodiversityISBN 978-3-319-24652-9 ISBN 978-3-319-24654-3 (eBook)DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-24654-3

Library of Congress Control Number: 2015950025

Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made.

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v

Various groups of beneficial bacteria synthesize a large number of “biomolecules” that allow plants to survive under adverse environmental/abiotic and biotic condi-tions. Such bacteria govern phytohormone-mediated immune response, manage to regulate hormones, produce biosurfactants which are involved in several impor-tant functions for bacteria themselves as well as for the plants and their ecosystem. Thus, bacterial hormones and biosurfactants are identified as effector molecules in plant–microbe interactions, pathogenesis and phytostimulation which can be ben-eficial either for the bacteria or for the crops so as to warrant sustainability.

The organization of the book is from practice to theory and from basic to applied aspects of bacterial phytohormones and biosurfactants. Some specific bac-terial genera, Azospirillum and emergence of Methylobacterium, in particular, and their potential to support plant growth and development have been documented. To begin with, techniques for isolation and purification of “classical five” microbial phytohormones, namely, auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene and abscisic acid are covered here, stressing the need to join the practical with the theoretical thus make the contents alive. Other than these modulators, importance of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid produced by bacteria or plants have also been emphasized. Microorganisms contain over 30 growth-promoting compounds from the cyto-kinin group and also produce about 100 GAs and other groups of hormones, which are extremely important for plants from seed germination stage to fruit ripening processes.

A scientific linkage and evidence to show bacterial hormones and their impact to act as biofertilizers is also provided. This book provides in-depth insights into bacterial traits required for rhizosphere competence, root colonization and/or endophytic phytohormone secretion which act as a sink of IAA, thus protecting the plants from different environmental stresses.

Some of the chapters emphasized the concepts related to drought and salt toler-ance through Abscissic acid and other microbial hormone regulations that provide valuable insight into evolution of microbial interactions with plants under hostile environments. Such suitable strains (consortia) and their application in promot-ing the growth of healthy and disease-free crops that are eco-friendly in nature.

Preface

Prefacevi

Biofilm formation and biosurfactant activity of plant-associated bacteria play essential role in bacterial motility, signaling and biocontrol of disease-causing pathogens, their mechanism at both physiological and genetic level is suitably evidenced with the need of green chemicals to study and application of bacteria-mediated biosurfactants has become imperative. Efforts have been made to stress the bioremediation potential of rhamnolipids to eliminate a wide range of pollut-ants and to promote a sustainable development of our society. The contents lay stress upon microbial world that synthesizes and secretes phytohormones and bio-surfactants and emits many volatiles that lead to sustainable agriculture ecosystem.

This book will be useful not only for students, teachers and researchers but also for those interested in biotechnology, microbiology, physiology of plant growth and development, phytoprotection, agronomy and environmental sciences.

I wish to acknowledge all the subject experts, who were instrumental and coop-erative to spare their valuable contributions to make this book a success. Thanks are due to my research team members, especially to Mohit and Shrivardhan, who generously assisted the compilation and completion of this task. The credit also goes to my family members, especially to my wife, Dr. Mrs. Sadhana Maheshwari. I extend my sincere thanks to Dr. Mrs. Valeria and her colleagues for their valuable support to facilitate the completion of this volume.

Uttarakhand, India Dinesh K. Maheshwari

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Contents

Techniques to Study Microbial Phytohormones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Keyur Patel, Dweipayan Goswami, Pinakin Dhandhukia and Janki Thakker

Azospirillum sp. as a Challenge for Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29Artenisa Cerqueira Rodrigues, Aurenivia Bonifacio, Fabio Fernando de Araujo, Mario Andrade Lira Junior and Marcia do Vale Barreto Figueiredo

Emergence of Methylobacterium spp. as Potential Organism in Agroecosystems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53Chaitanya Kumar Jha, Dinesh Kumar Maheshwari and Meenu Saraf

Role of Bacterial Phytohormones in Plant Growth Regulation and Their Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69G.R. Kudoyarova, T.N. Arkhipova and A.I. Melenťev

Soil Bacteria and Phytohormones for Sustainable Crop Production . . . . . 87Ummay Amara, Rabia Khalid and Rifat Hayat

The Importance of Phytohormones and Microbes in Biofertilizers . . . . . . 105W.S. Wong, S.N. Tan, L. Ge, X. Chen and J.W.H. Yong

Phytohormone-Producing PGPR for Sustainable Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . 159Dinesh Kumar Maheshwari, Shrivardhan Dheeman and Mohit Agarwal

Indole-3-Acetic Acid and 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate Deaminase: Bacterial Traits Required in Rhizosphere, Rhizoplane and/or Endophytic Competence by Beneficial Bacteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183Hassan Etesami, Hossein Ali Alikhani and Hossein Mirseyed Hosseini

Contentsviii

Role of Abscisic Acid Producing PGPR in Sustainable Agriculture . . . . . 259Ana Carmen Cohen, Ruben Bottini and Patricia Piccoli

Microbial Phytohormones Have a Key Role in Mitigating the Salt-Induced Damages in Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283Dilfuza Egamberdieva, Abeer Hashem and Abdulaziz A. Alqarawi

Exploitation of Phytohormone-Producing PGPR in Development of Multispecies Bioinoculant Formulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297Sandeep Kumar, Mohit Agarwal, Shrivardhan Dheeman and Dinesh Kumar Maheshwari

Significance of Biosurfactants as Antibiofilm Agents in Eradicating Phytopathogens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319Alwar Ramanujam Padmavathi, Dhamodharan Bakkiyaraj and Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian

Biofilm Formation and Biosurfactant Activity in Plant-Associated Bacteria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337Emiliano D. Primo, Francisco Ruiz, Oscar Masciarelli and Walter Giordano

Bioremediation Strategies Employed by Pseudomonas Species . . . . . . . . . 351Amina Meliani

Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385

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Contributors

Mohit Agarwal Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India

Hossein Ali Alikhani Department of Soil Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Abdulaziz A. Alqarawi Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Ummay Amara Department of Soil Science & SWC, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

T.N. Arkhipova Institute of Biology, Ufa Research Center of RAS, Ufa, Russia

Dhamodharan Bakkiyaraj Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India

Aurenivia Bonifacio Department of Biological Science, Center of Natural Science, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina-PI, Brazil

Ruben Bottini Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Chacras de Coria, Argentina

X. Chen College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China

Ana Carmen Cohen Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Chacras de Coria, Argentina

Fabio Fernando de Araujo Faculty of Agrarian Sciences, University of Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Presidente Prudente-SP, Brazil

Marcia do Vale Barreto Figueiredo Agronomical Institute of Pernambuco IPA/SEAGRI, Recife-PE, Brazil

Contributorsx

Pinakin Dhandhukia Ashok and Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Study and Research in Biotechnology and Allied Sciences, Anand, Gujarat, India

Shrivardhan Dheeman Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India

Dilfuza Egamberdieva Institute for Landscape Biogeochemistry, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany

Hassan Etesami Department of Soil Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

L. Ge Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore

Walter Giordano Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina

Dweipayan Goswami Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, St. Xavier’s College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

Abeer Hashem Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Rifat Hayat Department of Soil Science & SWC, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Chaitanya Kumar Jha Department of Microbiology, Government Science College, Surat, Gujarat, India

Mario Andrade Lira Junior Department of Agronomy, Agricultural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife-PE, Brazil

Rabia Khalid Department of Soil Science & SWC, PMAS Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

G.R. Kudoyarova Institute of Biology, Ufa Research Center of RAS, Ufa, Russia

Sandeep Kumar Regional Experiment Station, Rubber Research Institute of India, Rubber Board, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal, India

Dinesh Kumar Maheshwari Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India

Oscar Masciarelli Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina

A.I. Melenťev Institute of Biology, Ufa Research Center of RAS, Ufa, Russia

Amina Meliani Department of Biology, University of Mustapha Stambouli, Mascara, Algeria

Hossein Mirseyed Hosseini Department of Soil Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

Contributors xi

Alwar Ramanujam Padmavathi Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India

Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India

Keyur Patel Department of Biotechnology, P.D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, Gujarat, India

Patricia Piccoli Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas- Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Chacras de Coria, Argentina

Emiliano D. Primo Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina

Artenisa Cerqueira Rodrigues Department of Agricultural Engineering and Soil Science, Federal University of Piaui (UFPI), Center of Agrarian Science, Campus of Socopo, Teresina-PI, Brazil

Francisco Ruiz Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina

Meenu Saraf Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India

S.N. Tan Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore

Janki Thakker Department of Biotechnology, P.D. Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Anand, Gujarat, India

W.S. Wong Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore

J.W.H. Yong Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore, Singapore