SURFACE HAULAGESURFACE HAULAGE

National Mine Safety and Health Academy

John G. Tyler

304-256-3541

Surface Powered HaulageSurface Powered Haulage

Analysis Of Surface Powered Haulage Accidents

January 1, 1990 to July 1, 1996

Scope of AnalysisScope of AnalysisSurface Powered Haulage

AccidentsSelf-propelled Mobile EquipmentSerious Accidents

Accident ReviewAccident Review

MSHA Accident and Injury Reports

MSHA Fatal Accident ReportsMine Operator Accident Reports

(Part 50)U.S. Bureau of Mines Studies

Summary of FindingsSummary of Findings

4,397 Haulage Accidents1,300 Truck Accidents640 Truck Accidents Resulting in

Traumatic Injury139 Fatal Accidents

Major FactorsMajor Factors Steep Road Gradients vs. Load Limits Dump Locations Roadway and Dump Berms Defective Equipment Maintenance Practices Obstructed Visibility Truck Loading and Unloading

Practices

Common Accident CausesCommon Accident CausesFatalities

Road Gradients Exceeding 7% 36

Brakes or Steering Failure 20Trucks Overturning at Dumps 25Obstructed Vision 15

SURFACE HAULAGE FATALS -SURFACE HAULAGE FATALS -1994 THROUGH 19971994 THROUGH 1997

Total=161

This total includes classifications (such as machinery) that involved people that were in some way working on, near, or under haulage equipment or performing a haulage function such as grading a haulroad or repairing a truck. They were all haulage related.

Surface Loading And Haulage Includes:

– Roadways including those providing access to pit areas, dump sites, stockpiles, and reclamation areas.

– Trucksoff-road, highway, service, delivery,

mantrip

– Endloaders

– Conveyors

– Shovelselectric, hydraulic

SURFACE LOADING and HAULAGE INCLUDES: cont’d

– Crane carriers (these accidents are classified as machinery)

– Scrapers

– Back-hoes, gradalls, excavaters, dozers (accidents will be classified as machinery but these pieces are used on fills, to maintain roadways,drainage, etc.- all functions directly related to haulage operations)

Surface Loading and Haulage cont’d

Draglines (accidents are not classified as haulage) -but, the operations can affect haulage operations.

Endloaders are used for cleaning drag pits , in certain applications, moving cable trees and cables, and as ground pieces.

Drag maintenance is dependent on service trucks and rubber- tired cranes.

Surface Loading and Haulage: cont’d

Graders Service trucks

–tire trucks, flat beds, grease trucks, fuel trucks,welding trucks, mechanic trucks, and water trucks.

Barges

MINING INDUSTRY FATALSMINING INDUSTRY FATALS1994-19971994-1997

Total fatals=358 Total surface mine fatals=232 Total surface haulage fatals=161 45% of all mine fatals were

surface haulage related 69% of all surface mine fatals

were haulage related

SURFACE HAULAGE SURFACE HAULAGE FATALS 1994-1997FATALS 1994-1997

Trucks= 63 Crushers= 5 Maintenance= 19 Draglines= 3 Dozers= 10 Endloaders= 13 Tire work= 5 Graders= 1 Trains= 5 Excavators= 2 Small vehicles= 13 Forklifts= 1 Conveyors= 15 Scrapers= 1 Cranes= 3 Shovels= 2

WHERE ARE FATALS OCCURRING WHERE ARE FATALS OCCURRING AT SURFACE MINES?AT SURFACE MINES?

Trucks= 39% Cranes=2% Haulage Maintenance=12%Draglines=2% Conveyors=9% Shovels=1% Endloaders=8% Small Vehicles=8% Tire Work=3% Trains=3% Crushers=3%

What were these people doing when they were killed?

Truck DriversTruck Drivers While driving the truck;

– traveled out of roadway (some went in water and drowned and others went over embankement )

– were not wearing a seat belt ( thrown out or jumped out of truck )

– lost control on steep grade

– overtraveled over the edge of a dump

Truck Drivers (cont’d)Truck Drivers (cont’d) While driving

– raised bed into energized power lines ( in one case raised tarp rigging into power )

– did not secure bed in travel position before moving

– pulled in front of moving train at crossing

– did not use positive two way communication

Truck Drivers (cont’d)Truck Drivers (cont’d) Other work with truck;

– out of truck on ground and was ran over with other equipment

– fell off top of truck

– ran over by truck because park brake did not hold or was not set

– unloading truck and struck by load

– truck caught on fire

– under bed when it fell

Truck Drivers (cont’d)Truck Drivers (cont’d) Other work with truck;

– tried to catch runaway truck and was run over by truck

– load shifted on truck while driving and mashed cab and driver

Maintenance Related To HaulageMaintenance Related To Haulage Working under raised equipment

– not secured or blocked Not in clear when equipment started or moved Electric equip. not locked out ( blocked against

movement) Fire

– welding or using torches Tire maintenance not considered here

EndloadersEndloaders Lost control on steep grade Caught by boom or bucket Riding outside cab Traveled out of road or over edge of dump Not wearing seat belt Ran over another person on ground

Powered Haulage IssuesPowered Haulage Issues

Pre- Operational Equip.CheckMaintenance/Brake Adj. System Leaks, Hyd.& Air. Low Air Warning System.Steering System (Emergency)

Powered Haulage Cont.Powered Haulage Cont.

Haul Roads & Dumping SitesVisibilityCommunications Industry Statistics