Supporting Information High Photoluminescence Quantum ... · 1 Supporting Information High...
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1 Supporting Information High Photoluminescence Quantum Yield of 18.7% by Nitrogen-Doped Ti 3 C 2 MXene Quantum Dots Quan Xu, a* Lan Ding, a Yangyang Wen, a Wenjing Yang, a Hongjun Zhou, a Xingzhu Chen, b Jason Street, c Aiguo Zhou, d Wee-Jun Ong, e Neng Li, b* AUTHOR ADDRESS: a. State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of petroleum(Beijing), 102249, China b. State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of Technology, Hubei, 430070, China c. Department of Sustainable Bioproducts, Mississippi State University, 39762, USA d. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 454003, China e. Department of Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry C. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019
Transcript of Supporting Information High Photoluminescence Quantum ... · 1 Supporting Information High...
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Supporting Information
High Photoluminescence Quantum Yield of 18.7% by Nitrogen-Doped Ti3C2
MXene Quantum Dots
Quan Xu,a* Lan Ding, a Yangyang Wen, a Wenjing Yang, a Hongjun Zhou, a Xingzhu Chen, b
Jason Street, c Aiguo Zhou, d Wee-Jun Ong, e Neng Li, b*
AUTHOR ADDRESS:
a. State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of petroleum(Beijing),
102249, China
b. State Key Laboratory of Silicate Materials for Architectures, Wuhan University of
Technology, Hubei, 430070, China
c. Department of Sustainable Bioproducts, Mississippi State University, 39762, USA
d. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 454003, China
e. Department of Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar
Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Journal of Materials Chemistry C.This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2019
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Table S1. The quantum yields up of the as-prepared N-MQDs and other material.
Samples quantum yields up (%) Ref
N-MQDs (160°C) 18.7 This paper
Ti3C2 QDs 10 [18]
Ti3C2 QDs
MoS2 QDs
7.13
4.4
[19]
[20]
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Table S2. Nitrogen atomic percentage of various chemical states in the as-prepared N-MQDs
(from N1s high-resolution XPS).
Samples N-H (%) pyrrole-like nitrogen (%) graphitic nitrogen (%) Ti-N (%)
N-MQDs (120°C) 65.2 34.8 0 2.5
N-MQDs (160°C) 0 51.6 45.7 2.7
N-MQDs (200°C) 0 14.2 82.8 3
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Fig. S1. Diagram of the energy levels and charge-transfer processes inside the MQDs and N-
MQDs materials.
Figure S2. SEM image of the pristine Ti3C2.
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Figure S3. (a-c) TEM-EDS elemental mapping images of the pristine Ti3C2 sheet.
(a) (b) (c)
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Figure S4. (a) TEM and (b) HRTEM images of the treated Ti3C2 (suspended in concentrated
sulphuric acid in an oil bath at 100°C for 24 h).
(a) (b)
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Figure S5. Diameter size distribution of N-MQDs of different hydrothermal temperature
treatments: (a) 120oC, (b) 160oC, and (c) 200oC.
(a)
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100
10
20
30
40
Per
cen
tag
e (%
)
Diamater (nm)
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Figure S6. Thickness distribution of the prepared N-MQDs treated at (a) 120oC, (b) 160oC, and
(c) 200oC.
(a) (b) (c)
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Figure S7. AFM images of the prepared N-MQDs treated at (a) 120oC, (b) 160oC, and (c)
200oC.
(a) (b) (c)
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Figure S8. (a) XRD spectra of N-MQDs (160°C), pristine Ti3C2 and Ti3AlC2. (b) Normalized
GIXRD patterns of pristine Ti3C2 and N-MQDs.
10 15 20
2 (degree)
No
rma
lize
d I
nte
ns
ity
(a
.u.) (0
04)
(002)
N-MQDs (160°C)
N-MQDs (200°C)
N-MQDs (120°C)
Pristine Ti3C
2
d-spacing0.04nm
(a) (b)
10 20 30 40 50 60
TiO2
(00
2)
(10
9)
(10
9)
(10
9)
(00
2)
In
ten
sity
(a
.u.)
2 (degree)
N-MQDs
Pristine Ti3C
2
Ti3AlC
2
(00
2)
(00
4)
(00
4)
(00
4)
Ti
3C
2
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Figure S9. (a) Wide-scan XPS spectra for pristine Ti3C2 and N-MQDs. High-resolution XPS
spectra of (b) C1s, (c) N1s, and (d) O1s XPS spectra for the pristine Ti3C2 and N-MQDs.
(b) (c) (d)
(a)
538 536 534 532 530 528 526
Ti-O-H
Ti-O-Ti
Co
un
ts (
a.u
.)
Binding energy (eV)
C-O
C=O
C-OH Ti-O
N-MQDs (200°C)
N-MQDs (160°C)
N-MQDs (120°C)
Pristine Ti3C
2
410 408 406 404 402 400 398 396
N-H
N-MQDs (200°C)
N-MQDs (160°C)
N-MQDs (120°C)
Cou
nts
(a.u
.)
C-N C=NN-Ti
Pristine Ti3C
2
Binding energy (eV)294 292 290 288 286 284 282 280
Binding energy (eV)
C=O C-O
C-N-H
C=O
Co
un
ts (
a.u
.)
C=NC-N
C-C
N-Ti3C
2 QDs (200°C)
N-Ti3C
2 QDs (160°C)
N-Ti3C
2 QDs (120°C)
Pristine Ti3C
2
Ti-C
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Figure S10. Work function of pristine Ti3C2 QDs (MQDs) and N-MQDs.
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Figure S11. Photoluminescence spectra of the N-MQDs treated at different hydrothermal
reaction temperatures: (a) 120oC, (b) 160oC, and (c) 200oC. (d) Photoluminescence spectra (UV
light 360 nm) of N-MQDs, ethanediamine (160°C, 12h) and Ti3C2 (160°C, 12h, without acid
treated).
400 450 500 550 600 6500.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
Cou
nts
(1
05)
Wavelength (nm)
360 370
380 390
400 410
420 430
440 450
460 470
480 490
(b)
(c)
(a)
400 450 500 550 600 650
0
1
2
3
Wavelength (nm)
Co
un
ts (
10
5)
360 370
380 390
400 410
420 430
440 450
460 470
480 490
400 450 500 550 600 650
0
1
2
3
Co
un
ts (
10
5)
Wavelength (nm)
N-MQDs (120°C)
N-MQDs (160°C)
N-MQDs (200°C)
ethanediamine (160°C)
Ti3C2 (160°C)
(d)
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Figure S12. Lifetime of N-MQDs as a function of hydrothermal reaction temperature.
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Figure S13. The fluorescence intensity of N-MQDs at 447 nm excited at 360 nm as a function
of pH.
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Figure S14. (a) Time-dependent fluorescence intensity and (b) absorption changes of the N-
MQDs (160oC).
200 300 400 500 600 700-0.2
0.0
0.2
0.4
0 min
1 min
3 min
10 min
30 min
60 min
120 min
240 min
480 min
Ab
sorp
tion
(a.u
.)
Wavelength(nm)
(b)
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Figure S15. Time-dependent fluorescence intensity of N-MQDs in (a) 50 μM of H2O2 solution
and (b) 50 μM of Fe2+ solution. (c) The degree of diversity (ΔF) of the N-MQDs with change
over time in the presence of H2O2 (50 μM) and Fe2+ (50 μM) added simultaneously.
