19

Superficial Muscles of the Back

Which of the numbered muscles are consid-ered intrinsic muscles of the back?

Copyright © 2008 by Thieme. All rights reserved. Illustrator: Karl Wesker

Superficial Muscles of the Back

Posterior view.

A Levator scapulae

S Rhomboideus major

D Serratus posterior inferior

F Lumbar triangle, internal oblique

G Thoracolumbar fascia, superficial layer

H Latissimus dorsi

J Scapular spine

K Trapezius, transverse part

Only the serratus posterior inferior is an intrinsic muscle of the back. The trapezius, latissimus dorsi, leva-tor scapulae, and rhomboideus muscles assist in move-ment of the shoulder or arm and are considered muscles of the upper limb.

Fig. 2.1. Gilroy, MacPherson, Ross, Atlas of Anatomy, p. 22.

39Copyright © 2008 by Thieme. All rights reserved. Illustrator: Markus Voll

Course of the Intercostal Nerves

Course of the Intercostal Nerves

Coronal section. Anterior view.

A Visceral pleura

S Parietal pleura, diaphragmatic part

D Diaphragm

F Costodiaphragmatic recess

G Endothoracic fascia

H External intercostal

J Costal groove

K Intercostal vein, artery, and nerve

Abnormal fluid collection in the pleural space (e.g., pleural effusion due to bronchial carcinoma) may necessitate the insertion of a chest tube. Generally, the optimal puncture site in a sitting patient is at the level of the 7th or 8th intercostal space on the posterior axillary line. The drain should always be introduced at the upper margin of a rib to avoid injuring the intercostal vein, artery, and nerve.

Fig. 5.24. From Atlas of Anatomy, p. 59.

74

Right Lung

Copyright © 2008 by Thieme. All rights reserved. Illustrator: Markus Voll

Right Lung

Lateral and medial views.

A Apex

S Horizontal fissure

D Middle lobe

F Oblique fissure

G Branches of right pulmonary artery

H Superior lobar bronchus

J Branches of right pulmonary veins

K Pulmonary ligament

Fig. 8.5A & C. From Atlas of Anatomy, p. 105.

The oblique and horizontal fissures divide the right lung into three lobes: superior, middle, and inferior. The apex of each lung extends into the root of the neck.

112Copyright © 2008 by Thieme. All rights reserved. Illustrator: Markus Voll

Kidneys & Ureters in Situ

What are the most common areas of constriction of the ureters?

Kidneys & Ureters in Situ

Male abdomen. Anterior view.

A Left suprarenal gland and vein

S Ureter (abdominal part)

D Psoas major

F Urinary bladder

G Right ductus deferens

H Right common iliac artery

J Right ovarian/testicular artery and vein

K Perirenal fat capsule

Constriction of the ureters occurs most often at one of three sites: where the renal pelvis narrows to become the ureter (ureteropelvic junction), where the ureter crosses the pelvic brim at the distal end of the common iliac vessels, and where it enters the bladder.

Fig. 13.47. From Atlas of Anatomy, p. 180.

85Copyright © 2008 by Thieme. All rights reserved. Illustrator: Karl Wesker

Pelvic Ligaments II

Pelvic Ligaments II

Right half of pelvis. Medial view.

A Sacral canal

S Sacrospinous ligament

D Ischial spine

F Sacrotuberous ligament

G Obturator membrane

H Lesser sciatic foramen

J Greater sciatic foramen

K Promontory

Fig. 10.10A. From Atlas of Anatomy, p. 129.

180

Superficial Veins of the Upper Limb

Copyright © 2008 by Thieme. All rights reserved. Illustrator: Karl Wesker

Superficial Veins of the Upper Limb

Right limb. Anterior, posterior views.

A Cephalic vein

S Basilic vein

D Median cubital vein

F Dorsal venous network

G Cephalic vein

The veins of the cubital fossa are frequently used when drawing blood. In preparation, a tourniquet is applied. This allows arterial blood to flow, but blocks the return of venous blood. The resulting swelling makes the veins more visible and palpable.

Fig. 22.5A & Fig. 22.6. From Atlas of Anatomy, p. 318.

246Copyright © 2008 by Thieme. All rights reserved. Illustrator: Karl Wesker

Lumbosacral Plexus II

What is the lumbosacral trunk?

Lumbosacral Plexus II

Right side. Anterior view.

A L1 vertebra

S Lumbosacral trunk

D Sciatic nerve

F Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

G Femoral nerve

H Obturator nerve

J Ilioinguinal nerve

K Iliohypogastric nerve

The lumbosacral trunk refers to the nerve formed by anterior rami of L4 and L5 that descends into the pelvis to join the sacral plexus.

Fig. 27.11B. From Atlas of Anatomy, p. 425.

295Copyright © 2008 by Thieme. All rights reserved. Illustrator: Karl Wesker

Bones of the Orbit

Bones of the Orbit

Coronal section. Anterior view.

A Optic canal

S Ethmoid bone, orbital plate (lamina papyracea)

D Sphenoid bone, greater wing

F Zygomatic bone, orbital surface

G Maxillary sinus

H Inferior orbital fissure

J Superior orbital fissure

K Ethmoid bone, perpendicular plate

L Frontal sinus

MRI through the paranasal sinuses.

Fig. 33.1D & Fig. 34.5C. From Atlas of Anatomy, pp. 507, 523.

339Copyright © 2008 by Thieme. All rights reserved. Illustrator: Karl Wesker

Lateral Cervical Topography I

What is the landmark in the neck known as Erb’s point?

Lateral Cervical Topography I

Right lateral view.

A External jugular vein

S Sternocleidomastoid

D Transverse cervical nerve

F Supraclavicular nerves

G Trapezius

H Great auricular nerve

J Lesser occipital nerve

Erb’s point is a landmark in the neck that refers to the approximate midpoint of the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle where the cutaneous nerves of the cervical plexus penetrate the deep cervical fascia.

Fig. 37.34B. From Atlas of Anatomy, p. 582.

344Copyright © 2008 by Thieme. All rights reserved. Illustrator: Markus Voll

White Matter of the Telencephelon

White Matter of the Telencephelon

Lateral view of left hemisphere; medial view of right hemisphere.

A Cerebral arcuate fibers (U fibers)

S Superior longitudinal fasciculus

D Frontotemporal fasciculus

F Corona radiata

G Optic radiation

H Internal capsule

J Cerebral peduncle

K Corpus callosum

Nerve cell bodies appear gray in gross inspection, whereas nerve cell processes (axons) and their insulating myelin sheaths appear white.

Fig. 39.8A & B. From Atlas of Anatomy, p. 594.