Too much information means you need a way of organising it:•Folders on your own computer or in your student account for PDF•Hard drives for files/documents •Folders in EBSCOHost•Folders in Proquest•Organizing emails through … guess what? Folders•Your own cataloguing system (physical cards/indexed notebooks, computer referencing program (Mendalay) or database

• How do we sort a large collection of library resources so we know where to find them?

• Most libraries categorise their books/journals in some way• WelTec Library uses the Dewey Decimal Classification

scheme• Researchers use folders on computer referencing

programmes like Mendeley (free) or Endnote (not free)• You can see Fiona’s own reading collection in her EBSCO

video• Mendeley and Endnote allow you to create your own

keywords for your readings so that you can search for them and find them

Make sure you log into the the library. Your Borrower ID is your Student ID number, talk to the librarians to organize a password

In a general library search you can save items to a search folder

Just like searching the library catalogue, databases and electronic books enable you to save your searches in folders

Again you need to log in to these services (or else your stored work is lost)

With journal articles, it is recommended that you download the pdf and save that to your computer (of course in your own organised folders)

Like all research (even on Google) you find information by using keywords

Your keywords can also indicate the types of folders you need to create to organise store information (for example ‘youth’ and ‘drugs’ may indicate two folders – one being ‘youth’ (the big word) and one in the youth folder called ‘drugs’

Keywords are words that describe exactly the topic or subject.

E.g. I’m doing an assignment on substance abuse and youth in New Zealand. The keywords are “substance abuse” “youth” “New Zealand”.

Do not worry about typing in connecting words like “in” “and” “the etc.

Turn your words into academic words

If you're looking for information on substance abuse, enter “substance abuse” rather than “drugs”.

Many Meanings

Be careful using keywords that have more than one meaning. For example: If you use “rugby" as your keyword, you will get back articles on both rugby union and rugby league.

Use truncation when you are unsure of the spelling or wish to search for all forms of the word:

For example: By entering counsel* Most databases will look for the keywords counselling, counsellor, counsellors, etc.Both spellings will be included

PHRASING (THE USE OF "..." MARKS)

Use inverted commas when you need to search for a specific phrase or person.

For example: “substance abuse” This stops the database giving you sources that look at

alternative types of abuse

Alternatives

Think about alternative words, which may have the same or similar meaning as your initial keyword.

For example: addiction, substance use, substance abuse, dependence, harmful substances all have a similar meanings, so try searching using each term.

Need to be able to organise content in a manner that supports the purpose and format of the product: •Your own assignments in courses•Previous drafts of your assignments•PDFs of your readings (nb. PDF means Protected Document Format, you will find that most downloadable electronic readings are in this format for copyright reasons)•The key here is: if you are going to need to access this document later, then you need to store it in a way that you can find it•Remember: just because a course has finished, does not mean that you might need the document again

ORGANISING INCLUDES REFERENCINGInformation needs to be ordered and classified

•Medaley (or other referencing program)•Microsoft Office reference option•Citations already done-check against APA (6)

COMMON MISTAKES IN REFERENCING

•Small letters: when to use? Sentence style is key (in titles of books, articles etc, first letter is a capital, all others small letters)•You need to be pedantic on fullstops and commas•Your reference needs to match your in-text citations (eg. Smith & Jones (2001) in text should read Smith, J. & Jones, A. (2001) in the reference list; not Smith, J. & Jones, A. (2011))•Use hanging paragraphs so that all lines under the first are intended•Put in alphabetical order (do not number)

Anne Grant

A citation is when you formally acknowledge information sources in the body of your essay or report

You use it when you use someone else's ideas, research, theories or include a quote from another persons work

A good academic essay/report will have at least one citation per paragraph

To return ‘mana’ and honour the person who came up with the idea first and show your respect for them

To ensure the correct person is given credit where credit is due

To show your tutor that you have read widely & incorporated others ideas in your work.

• The surname of the author• The year of publication• If you are quoting directly, the page number(s)

Quotation example:“If you want to be a flexible learner you need to be

flexible” (Gawith, 1991, p.1.) .

It is important that you limit quotations in your assignment (no more than one short quote per 750 words) but you still have to show that you have read their work – so paraphrase

This is when you use someone else’s ideas but not their words

You rewrite their ideas in your own words or you really shorten a lot of what they have said and just talked about the overall concepts or ideas

You still use a citation when paraphrasing

• The author’s surname• The year the work was published (in brackets)Example:Postman (1981) explores the idea that the education

system is ill equipped to assist with future technological developments.

• Cite the same way as a book• If you quote from a website and there are no page

numbers use para.Example:“This website provides information about art in New

Zealand” (Grant, 2011, para.4 ).

A detailed description of the resources you used to get your information

Only include items you cited when writing your text You do not need to include everything you consulted if

you haven’t cited it (this is a Bibliography and your tutor will mostly only want to see the works you have cited so use a Reference List)

Include it at the end of your document Head it up “References” Arrange alphabetically with the first line hard against the

margin Highlight whole reference section, click your right hand

mouse button, select paragraph and change paragraphs to ‘hanging paragraphs’

If you use a referencing program or the Microsoft reference manger, they will do all this for you. BUT you need to check the list, if you have put the resource in wrong, your reference will be wrong

Author's last name, Initial(s). (Year of publication). Title of book. Place of publication (city and state or, if outside the United States, city and country): Publisher.

Locker, K. O. & Kaczmarek, S.K. (2007). Business communication: Building critical skills (3rd ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw Hill.

Author's last name, Initial(s). (Year of publication, month day if included). Title of article. Title of Journal, Volume number(Issue number), Page number(s).

Example:Keller, R. (2001). Another look at globalisation. Pacific World, 12(7), 21 - 22.

the same as a journal but use p. or pp. for page numbers

Example:English, P.(2000, May 8). Copycat viruses. The New Zealand Herald, p. 1.

Include•retrieval statement, which is the name of the database where you found the article •The URL link or; •the DOI (Digital Object Identifier)

Bishop, R., Berryman, M., Cavanagh, T., & Teddy, L. (2009). Te Kotahitanga: Addressing educational disparities facing Māori students in New Zealand. Teaching & Teacher Education, 25(5), 734-742. doi:10.1016/j.tate.2009.01.009

• a retrieval statement where you found the website (i.e. the electronic address or URL of the webpage).

• an author - does not have to be a person, it can be an organisation.

• The URL - must be copied exactly as listed, with no full stop at the end.

Department of Labour. (2011). Employment relations. Retrieved from: http://www.dol.govt.nz/er/