STMD’s New Strategic Framework Update...• Space market diversification (e.g. servicing,...

National Aeronautics andSpace Administration

STMD’s New Strategic Framework

Update

Presented by:Patrick Murphy, Director,

Jay Falker, Deputy Director, STMD Strategic Planning and Integration

Kevin D. Earle, William M . Cirillo,David Reeves

Systems Analysis & Concepts DirectorateNASA Langley Research Center

December 5, 2017

www.nasa.gov/spacetech

www.nasa.gov/spacetech

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Revising STMD’s Strategic Framework

Approach modeled after Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate’s (ARMD’s) highly successful strategic framework, incorporating lessons learned and changes where appropriate.

Overall Goal…is to reframe/repackage our strategy to focus our investment prioritization and communication onimpacts, outcomes, and challenges first, and on technologies & systems

second.

Customer derived framework.

Shift to customer-oriented, impact-centric focus, with the intent of more transparently communicating impacts to customers & stakeholders.

Increase use of quantifiable measures to increase traceability of decisions, provide clearer guidance, and empower management & technical workforce.

Planned Framework

Mega-Drivers“Overarching Trend”

Strategic Thrusts

“Vision for Future”

Outcomes“Overarching,

Measurable Goals”

Technical Challenges“STMD Technical

Deliveries”

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Revising STMD’s Strategic Framework

Planned Framework

Definitions Development Timeline & Status


Overarching trends that have, are, and will largely shape the course of civilian space research over many years. They are a product of analysis of space industry trends and conversations with STMD customers (e.g. HEOMD, SMD, commercial space, U.S. industry, & other governmental agencies).

May-Aug 2017Validating Externally

Strategic Thrusts


Altogether the Strategic Thrusts constitute a vision for the future of civilian space, representing STMD’s overarching viewof the civilian space community’s response to the Mega-Drivers.

Jun-Dec 2017Validating Externally


Measurable Goals”

Measurable goals within the Strategic Thrusts that STMD chooses to pursue through joint efforts across the space community. These are goals that STMD can play a significant role in enabling, but are more than NASA alone can achieve.

Jun 2017 - Mar 2018Initial Development

Complete


Deliveries”

Represents the product and/or capability to be delivered by STMD to enable the community-level outcomes. STMD projects and solicitations are formulated to directly address Technical Challenges.

Oct 2017 - Dec 2018Initial

DecompositionToday’s Focus

Mega Drivers

Increasing AccessMajor Trends:

• Lowering costs

• Increasing launch availability

• Decreasing travel time

• Diversifying platforms (e.g. CubeSats)

• Scalable transportation solutions

• New accessible destinations

Accelerating Paceof DiscoveryMajor Trends:

• Major discoveries of potentially life-harboring icy moons and exoplanets

• Growing urgency for Earth-Moon-Sun science discovery and understanding

• Humanity’s desire for ambitious exploration of the solar system and ultimately interstellar travel

Democratizationof SpaceMajor Trends:

• Broadening participation spectrum, from governments to citizens

• Growth in private investment in space

• Public-private partnerships

• International collaborations

Growing Utilizationof SpaceMajor Trends:

• Space market diversification (e.g. servicing, manufacturing, mining, debris removal, tourism)

• Space industry growth well surpassing U.S. average GDP growth

• Space-based solutions addressing growing global challenges

• Increasing resiliency and safety

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STMD Strategic Thrusts

STMD develops technologies to:

ST1. Expand Utilization of Space• Enable servicing, assembly, manufacturing, and resource utilization.

ST2. Enable Efficient and Safe Transportation Into and Through Space• Provide safe, affordable, and routine access to space• Provide cost-efficient, reliable propulsion for long duration missions• Enable significantly faster, more efficient deep space missions

ST3. Increase Access to Planetary Surfaces• Safely and precisely deliver humans & payloads to planetary surfaces• Increase access to high-value science sites across the solar system• Provide efficient, highly-reliable sample return reentry capability

ST4. Enable the Next Generations of Science Discoveries• Expand access to new environments and measurement platforms to enable high-value science• Enable substantial increase in the quantity and quality of science data returned

ST5. Enable Humans to Live and Explore in Space and on Planetary Surfaces• Provided shielded in-space habitation and enable humans to survive on other planets• Provide efficient/scalable infrastructure to support exploration at scale• Increase crew effectiveness and access to diverse, high-value sites

ST6. Grow & Utilize the U.S. Industrial and Academic Base• Transfer NASA technology to grow the U.S. industrial & technology base• Expand public-private partnerships for mutually-beneficial technology developments.• Drive U.S. innovation & expand opportunities to achieve the NASA dream

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Current STMD Investments

FY17 Operating Plan ($686M)

35%ST1: Expand Utilization of Space

19%

ST2: Enable Efficient & Safe Transportation Into and Through Space

13%

ST3: Increase Access to Planetary Surfaces

12%ST4: Enable the Next Generations of Science Discoveries

13%ST5: Enable Humans to Live and Explore in Space and on Planetary Surfaces 8%

ST6: Grow & Utilize the U.S. Industrial and Academic Base

Major FY17 Investments:

ST1: Satellite Servicing RESTORE-L, In-Space Robotic Manuf & Ass’y, Laser Comm Relay Demo, Small Spacecraft TechST2: Solar Electric Propulsion, Nuclear Thermal Propulsion, e-Cryo, Green Propellant Infusion MissionST3: Hypersonic Inflatable Aerodynamic Decelerator, Propulsive Descent Technology, MEDLI 2, Entry Systems ModelingST4: Deep Space Optical Comm, High Performance Spacecraft Computing, Coronagraph, Deep Space Atomic Clock ST5: Human Robotic Systems, Astrobee, Kilopower, Extreme Environment Solar Power, Next Generation Life SupportST6: Technology Transfer Program, Centennial Challenges, Regional Economic Development

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Outcome Recommendations (1 of 3)STMD develops technologies to enable the following outcomes:

2020s 2030s 2040s +

ST1Utilization

In-space autonomous manufacturing and assembly of complete systems demonstrated in Earth-Orbit

The economic value of the space sector grown by more than an order of magnitude

Reliable, large-scale refueling and maintenance services demonstrated in Low-Earth orbit.

Robust debris mitigation service sustained by the private space sector.

Robust in-space servicing sustained by the private space sector.

ST2Transport

Reduce the cost of access to space by factor of 5 while increasing the availability of launch.

On-demand small spacecraft launch capability

In space access cost, reliability, and yearly mass delivered to orbit improved by an order of magnitude

Seamless aerospace traffic system provided to manage a robust launch/entry transportation market.

The cost of transporting robotic systems in near-Earth and deep space reduced by a factor of 5.

The cost of transporting human systems in near-Earth and deep space reduced by a factor of 5.

Crew and cargo safely and rapidly delivered to and returned from another planet.

A propulsion technology that enables rapid interplanetary missions and relativistic intersteller flight is demonstrated in space.

Propulsion technology demonstrated to affordably deliver smallsats and cubesats to the inner planets and asteroid belt on demand.

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2020s 2030s 2040s +

ST3EDL

Precisely deliver higher mass and volume science payloads to increasingly challenging sites of interest on Mars.

Precisely and affordably deliver commercial and scientific payloads to Lunar sites of interest.

A highly-reliable sample return delivered to Earth.

Deliver science payloads through the atmospheres of Outer planets.

Deliver surface or atmospheric science payloads to Venus.

Deliver science payloads to the surfaces of icy moons and ocean worlds.

Human-class payloads delivered precisely and safely to planetary destinations

Robotic payloads delivered precisely to previously-inaccessible planetary destinations

Human-class payloads delivered safely, routinely, and affordably to planetary surfaces

ST4Science

Existing remote sensing capabilities enhanced through advancement of cross-cutting technology

Expand the search for life by enabling exploration of extra-terrestrial oceans.

Enable the search for a second Earth through development of an order of magnitude larger-diameter space-based observatories (20-30m diameter).

Extend accurate Earth weather forecasting to 10 days.

Enable more information climate mitigation decisions by increasing real-time global climate data monitoring by 500%

Increase solar storm warning time to 5 days.

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2020s 2030s 2040s +

ST5Live &

Explore

Humans kept safe and healthy in cis-lunar and deep space for durations of ~1 year

Humans kept safe and healthy on planetary surfaces for durations exceeding one year

Humans kept safe and healthy continuously in deep space and on planetary surfaces

Partially crew-tended space systems operations enabled in cis-lunar and deep-space

Crewed operations and science investigations performed up to 100 km from landing site on a planetary surface

Crewed operations performed at least 500 km from landing site on a planetary surface

ST6Industry

NASA technologies transferred to U.S. industry generates over $100B annually in commercial revenues and savings



Engagement with industry and academic partners increased to advance technologies to enable NASA goals

An entrepreneurial accelerator employed by NASA to more rapidly infuse technologies into NASA missions

Outcome Decomposition

Planned Framework


Strategic Thrusts



Measurable Goals”


Deliveries”

Outcomes Driving Need

Outcome Drivers and Barriers

Current Outcome Approach

Needs

Alternate Outcome Approach

Needs

Additional Outcome Approaches

Needs

Down-selected Outcome

Investment Areas

Technical Challenges

…

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Outcome Decomposition: Approaches

2030s Outcome:Precisely and safely deliver human-class

payloads to a planetary surface.

Driving Need: HEOMD is currently planning on crewed missions to the surface of Mars in the 2030s.

Outcome Drivers and Barriers: Under current plans, the most massive single-system delivered to the surface will be the ascent vehicle, driving the required lander payload capacity.

Outcome Approaches

N1: Current Outcome Approach:Reduce mass of ascent stage through surface ISRU propellant production,

resulting in required delivery capacity of ~20 t to within 50-m of existing

surface infrastructure.

N2: Alternative Outcome Approach:Reduce mass of ascent stage by only requiring

ascent to Low Mars Orbit and adding in-system taxi to in-space architecture. Shift to using

highly-reliable hypergolic engines instead of methane. Explored by EMC in 2016.

NX: Additional Outcome

Approaches:

• There will likely be multiple Approaches that could be used to address a given outcome. • Needs for each Approach will then be identified and assessed to support investment

decisions in the form of Technical Challenges.

…

…

.

.

.

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Outcome Decomposition: Needs Formulation

2030s Outcome:Human-class payloads delivered

precisely, reliably, and safely to Mars.

Outcome Strategies

N1: Current Outcome Approach:Reduce mass of ascent stage through surface ISRU propellant production,

resulting in required delivery capacity of ~20 t to within 50-m of existing

surface infrastructure.

N2: Alternative Outcome Approach:Reduce mass of ascent stage by only requiring

ascent to Low Mars Orbit and adding in-system taxi to in-space architecture. Shift to using

highly-reliable hypergolic engines instead of methane. Explored by EMC in 2016.

NX: Additional Outcome

Approaches:

N1: Current Outcome Approach Needs:Precision Landing: Ability to deliver payloads to Mars within [50 TBR] m of desired landing location to allow efficient base aggregation.EDL Capacity: Ability to safely deliver a [20 TBR] t system as a payload to the Mars surface in a single flight.Propellant Production: Produce, store, and transfer [30 TBR] t LO2 and [12 TBR] t CH4 on the Mars surface within a [2 TBR] year duration.Safety: Provide controlled, stable landing on local slopes of up to [15 TBR] degrees and avoid hazards greater than [TBD] m in size.ISRU Power: Provide [40 TBR] kW of sustained power for at least [2 TBR] years in order to support ISRU propellant generation and storage.

N2: Alternate Outcome Approach Needs:Need 1 …

Need 2 …

NX: …Needs:

• A subset of the Needs are likely common to multiple approaches, but will be assessed separately to develop Approach specific Technical Challenges.

• The Needs are used to develop the Technical Challenges, which are the implementation stage of the framework.

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Outcome Decomposition: Roadmaps



N1: Current Outcome Approach:Reduce mass of ascent stage through surface

ISRU propellant production, resulting in required delivery capacity of ~20 t to within

50-m of existing surface infrastructure.

N1: Current Approach Needs: Examples, list not inclusivePrecision Landing: Ability to deliver payloads to Mars within [50 TBR] m of desired landing location to allow efficient base aggregation.

EDL Capacity: Ability to safely deliver a [20 TBR] t system as a payload to the Mars surface in a single flight.

Propellant Production: Produce, store, and transfer [30 TBR] t LO2 and [12 TBR] t CH4 on the Mars surface within a [2 TBR] year duration.

Safety: Provide controlled, stable landing on local slopes of up to [15 TBR] degrees and avoid hazards greater than [TBD] m in size.

ISRU Power: Provide [40 TBR] kW of sustained power for at least [2 TBR] years in order to support ISRU propellant generation and storage.

For each Approach, roadmaps and systems analysis will be used to

define the TCs and guide the formulation of projects.

Roadmap:

Example ARMD Roadmap*Content is Notional

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Technical Challenge Development

2030s Outcome:Human-class payloads delivered precisely, reliably,

and safely to planetary destinations.

Needs will be used in a variety of ways to develop the Technical Challenges.

Needs Option 1: Need is Technical ChallengePrecision Landing: Ability to deliver payloads to Mars within [50 TBR] m of desired landing location to allow efficient base aggregation.

Precision Landing: Ability to deliver payloads to Mars within [50 TBR] m of desired landing location to allow efficient base aggregation.

Option 2: Need is Key Component of the TCPropellant Production: Produce, store, and transfer [30 TBR] t LO2 and [12 TBR] t CH4 on the Mars surface within a [2 TBR] year duration.

Demonstration: Produce and store 500 kg of LO2 and 500 kg of CH4 on the Mars surface within 3 months.

Option 3: Need Decomposed into Multiple TCs

Safety: Provide controlled, stable landing on local slopes of up to [15 TBR] degrees and avoid hazards greater than [TBD] m in size.

Sensor Development: Demonstrate an active visual sensor capable of mapping surface characteristics from an altitude of XX m with a resolution of XX cm.Algorithm Development: Demonstrate a visual recognition software that can correctly identify 99% of hazards within XX seconds. *Content is Notional

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Technical Challenge Implementation

MegaDrivers

Increasing Access

Accelerating Pace of

Discovery

Democratization of Space

Growing Utilization of

Space

Strategic Thrusts

ST 1Expand Utilization

of Space

ST 2Enable Efficient and Safe Transportation

Into and Through Space

ST 3Increase Access to Planetary Surfaces

ST 4Enable the Next

Generations Science

Discoveries

ST 5Enable Humans to Live and Explore in

Space and on Planetary Surfaces

ST 6Grow & Utilize the U.S. Industrial and

Academic Base

Outcomes OC OC OC OC OC OC OC OC OC OC OC OC OC OC OC

Technical Challenges TC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC TC

Proj

ect

Proj

ect

Proj

ect

Proj

ect

Proj

ect

Proj

ect

Proj

ect

Proj

ect

Proj

ect

Proj

ect

Proj

ect

TC STMD Lead

STMD Partner

STMD Follow/Watch

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Technical Challenge Development: Lead, Partner, Follow



TC

TCTC TC

TC

In performing the Outcome decomposition, some of the work necessary to accomplish the Outcome may be the responsibility of the broader community.

It is important to understand and track the progress of those items.

SpringIntegration

Mar2019

Nov2018

July2018

Mar2018

Nov2017

SpringIntegration

Mega-Drivers

Formulation

Validation

Planning

Outcomes

Path ForwardWe are here

Technical Challenges

Strategic Implementation Plan

StrategyRoll-out

2018 Strategy Roll-out

2018 Spring Integration

2019 Spring Integration

Decision Support Tool Development

Mar2019

Nov2018

July2018

Mar2018

Nov2017

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Backup

Near Term Schedule

• Dec 5: NAC TI&E Committee Meeting• Dec 1-22: Individual STT Outcome Formulation Meetings• Jan 8-12: AIAA SciTech Forum and Exposition• Mar 5-9: STMD Spring Integration Panel

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Customer Interaction Mechanisms

• Leadership Interactions• NAC Technology, Innovation and Engineering (TI&E) Committee • NRC Space Technology Industry-Government-University Roundtable

(STIGUR)• Mission Directorate, AA-levels• Mission Directorate POCs (e.g. Chris Moore, Mike Seablom)• Industry & Academia Discussions

• Staff Interactions• PT with Mission Directorate, private industry, and academic

counterparts/customers on individual basis• PT Workshops• OCT-led NTEC• Various space reports (e.g. Space Foundation Report, Commercial Space

Years in Review, IDA STPI Global Trends in Space, etc.)• Conference and journal publications

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STMD’s New Strategic Framework Update...• Space market diversification (e.g. servicing,...

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