Status report from the Status report from the

GEO Geohazards Community of PracticeGEO Geohazards Community of Practice

Gonéri Le CozannetIGOS Geohazards

Presentation given on behalf of Hormoz Modaressihttp://www.igosgeohazards.org

OverviewOverview

Introduction: Benefits of a multi-hazards approach

1. GEO Geohazards Community of Practice

2. The need of improving access to data for disaster mitigation

3. Geohazards data clearinghouse GeoHazData

4. Regional communities of practice

Conclusion

Introduction: Benefits of a multi-hazards approach

EarthquakeSeismic monitoring

TopographySoil behaviorHydrogeology

VolcanoTopography

Seismic monitoringDeformation

Gases

Ground InstabilityTopographyDeformation

Hydrogeology

BoreholesGeological structure

InSAR images Seismologicalstations

Geo-referenced data

GPS

Multi-hazards approach: Geohazards observationsMulti-hazards approach: Geohazards observations

Multi-hazard approach: Multi-hazard approach: Synergies Geo- and Meteorological HazardsSynergies Geo- and Meteorological Hazards

Meteorological data can be used for the mitigation of Geohazards: e.g. Landslides• In Thailand, Landslides can be due to seism occurring in a near country during

the rainy season.

• Implementation of a system using both meteorological and geological data to produce Landslide hazard maps and inform people living in the exposed area

Meteorological information

Geological information

Weather model

Landslide model

Lan

dslid

e hazard

map

s

Source:

GPS makes InSAR accurate.

- 15

-10

-5

0

5

-15 -10 -5 0 5

Leveling (cm)

Up

by

InS

AR

(cm

) y=1.211x+2.685r=0.8675

- 15

-10

-5

0

5

-15 -10 -5 0 5

Leveling (cm)

Up

In

SA

R +

GP

S

(cm

)

y=0.8735x+0.30r=0.9183

Before (InSAR only) After (InSAR+GPS)

After Tobita, et al., 2004

Using Remote sensing together with in-situ dataUsing Remote sensing together with in-situ data

Leveling vs. InSAR+GPSAfter Tobita, et al., 2004

Bench m

ark Bench m

ark

GP

S station

No leveling Small ScaleSubsidence

Interpolation of Leveling

Bench Mark(Leveling)

GPS station

Cross section

Down

Up

The need for coordination in GeohazardsThe need for coordination in Geohazards Geohazards REMAINS a highly diverse community with little

interaction between thematic areas This is DESPITE significant overlap in earth observations for

different Geohazards

Need to promote global and regional multi-disaster approach

Need to develop synergies through a "system of systems" approach

A large number of observables and a "local/site" scale phenomenon encourages dispersion in the community

2. GEO Geohazards Community of Practice

Geohazards Community of practiceGeohazards Community of practice

Roles• Coordinate activities that input to tasks

• Establish a "community consensus" on key issues

• Provide a forum for mutual technical support

• Facilitate the link between decision makers and grass roots practitioners

• Definition of priority study sites for multi-national projects

Participation of South East Asia and Southern American communities working on Geohazards

IGOS GeohazardsIGOS Geohazards

> UNESCO, CEOS and ICSU initiated and scoped the IGOS Geohazards Theme in 2001.

> An Ad-hoc Working Group was formed, held an international workshop in Frascati (Italy), and delivered a proposal to the IGOS partnership in May 2002.

> The resulting IGOS Geohazards Theme Team delivered a Theme Report to the IGOS Partners in May 2003.

> Following an international peer review, the Geohazards Theme Report was published in April 2004.

> The IGOS Geohazards Bureau was created by the BRGM and the European Space Agency (ESA) in September 2004 to monitor and coordinate theme implementation

http://www.igosgeohazards.org

IGOS Geohazards activitiesIGOS Geohazards activities

To support the emergence of a Community of Practice (CoP) on Geohazards:

• Organization of international workshops

• Support to regional initiatives (e.g. in South East Asia and Latin America)

• Communication via website, newsletters and other publications

To implement GEO specific tasks, with support of the CoP:

• Support, and advocate funding for, research projects that contribute to the improved integration of InSAR technology for disaster warning and prediction (GEO task DI-06-03)

• Conduct an inventory of existing geologic and all-hazard zonation maps and identify gaps and needs for digitization: GeoHazData (GEO task DI-06-07)

3. The need of improving access to data for disaster mitigation

Access to data at different phases of the disaster cycle Access to data at different phases of the disaster cycle

Preparadness

Mitigation

Prevention Development

Recovery

Response

Disaster

Disaster Charter

Activation

⇒ Need to facilitate access to Earth Observation data for Mitigation and Prevention of Geohazards

• Upon requests

• Subject to satellite tasking priorities

• Conflict with the need of regular acquisitions

Mitigation vs Response policies Mitigation vs Response policies

Policies focusing on Policies focusing on ResponseResponse finally save lives, finally save lives, but costs continue to increase but costs continue to increase

Preparadness

Mitigation

Prevention Development

Recovery

Response

Disaster

Mitigation policiesMitigation policies yield to better land use, reduce yield to better land use, reduce vulnerability of exposed elements, and finally save vulnerability of exposed elements, and finally save both lives and costsboth lives and costs

MitigationMitigation

Reducing vulnerabilityReducing hazard Reducing exposure

Mitigation policies can focus on:

e.g. landslides

Observations provide: - inputs to alert systems- input information to

LAND USE PLANING

Observations help to identify

hazards and level of threat

Need to collect all available data and use it for all hazards assessment

Observations contribute to the assesment of

systemic and physical vulnerabilities

MitigationMitigation

Aim: to increase the use of Earth Observation data for mitigation of disasters

• Earth observation data are used for modeling hazards and production of Hazard maps

• Using hazards maps for land use policies lead to reducing vulnerability of exposed elements

-> Need to support use of data such as InSAR for disaster mitigation

-> Need to make an Hazard maps catalogue to support efficient land use policies

4. Geohazards data clearinghouse GeoHazData

Toward Earth Observation data clearing houseToward Earth Observation data clearing house

GeoHazData

GEO 10 years plan

Open data access and visualization services

Databases interoperability

Access to all data

Various databasesData collected by Geological surveys, mapping agencies,

space agencies, universities…

Inventories of data and observing means= Catalogue of Metadata

Seismometers

GPS networks

Other in-situ instruments

Satellite images

Instruments

Databases

Application layer

Hazard Map Catalogue – GeoHazData systemHazard Map Catalogue – GeoHazData system

Aim: to share metadata on Hazard MapsAim: to share metadata on Hazard MapsContribution of international partners needed!Contribution of international partners needed!

5. Regional communities of practice

Spatial distribution of hazards

Principal earthquake zones and explosivevolcanoes

‘Ring of Fire’

S. E. Asia

CaribbeanMountSt. Helens1980

Montserrat1995-present

Toba 73ka

Pinatubo 1991

Tambora 1815

Aitapei1998

Alaska 1964

Northridge 1994Loma Prieta 1989

Chile 1960

Izmit 1999Lisbon1755

Tangshen1976

Tokyo 1923Kobe 1995

Tropical cyclone zones

Bhuj 2001

Taiwan 1999

Columbia 1999

Venezuela 2000Hurricane Mitch1999

after UCL

Multi-hazards approach: need of global and regional Multi-hazards approach: need of global and regional approachesapproaches

Report on the GEO Geohazards Workshop in South East Asia

The Malaysian remote sensing Center (MACRES), the Group on Earth Observation (GEO), NASA, UNESCO and IGOS Geohazards organised this workshop in order to enhance regional and international cooperation on geological disasters in South East Asia.

More than 90 participants

Participants stressed the need of a Regional Multi-Hazards approach.

Workshop recommendations• Data timeliness and coverage:

need to move toward an open near real time data policy. This requires coordination of Southeast Asia countries and work with the space agencies and donor countries to focus on monitoring high-risk areas for disaster mitigation.

• System interoperability: need to move toward an open geospatial data portal to overcome interoperability issues and facilitate access to data in a timely manner.

• Historical and archive data: need to improve historical event databases, archives of observation data and to get easier access to these data sets

• Regional cooperation: need to establish a community of practice on geohazards at the regional level in South East Asia.

Workshop outcome:

IGOS Geohazards will advocate space agencies for providing an easier access to spaceborne data in specific high risks areas for disaster mitigation.

Workshop outcome:

IGOS Geohazards proposes a mechanism to collect metadata on hazard maps

Workshop outcome:

Need to consider the collection of metadata on these data in SE Asia

Toward a community of practice on Geohazards in South East Asia ?...

ConclusionsConclusions

• Need to focus on an easier data provision disaster mitigation

• Community of Practice on Geohazards aims at–supporting a multi-disaster approach

–increase the exchange of data from various sources

–moving toward an open access to data

• This Community of Practice on Geohazards contributes to GEO as a “Geohazard community of practice”– InSAR use for mitigation of disasters

– Hazard maps catalogue

Next IGOS WorkshopNext IGOS Workshop

The next IGOS Workshop will be organized at the European Space Agency, ESRIN, Rome, in June 2006.

1st announcement in October 2006

Participation of experts and decision makers is necessary to make this workshop a success

Please visit www.igosgeohazards.org or contact us.

Thank you for your attention

Contact: G.LeCozannet@brgm.fr

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