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Statement of QualificationsGEOTECHNICAL

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Water resources Engineering: Dam Inspection, Analysis, and Design; Water and Waste Water Conveyance/Transmission and Storage; and Watershed Comprehensive Studies and Plans.

Construction management: Cost Estimating and Scheduling; Quality Control/Quality Assurance; Construction Monitoring and Inspection; Value Engineering; Claim Analysis and Negotiation; and Agency Coordination.

OUr COrPOrATE COmmITmENTRIZZO takes great pride in our commitment to providing personal and professional services in a responsive, high-quality manner. There is no doubt that our services are a direct reflection of our corporate values and our individual capabilities, personalities, and experiences. Consequently, we strive to build client/consultant relationships that are mutually rewarding. Establishing close relationships with our clients is a key element to reaching total solutions. We cultivate each client relationship from the initial concept to completion, often maintaining this contact years after a single project is completed.

We believe successful consulting is achieved through a balance of significant applicable experience, a working knowledge of today’s best practices, and access to cutting edge technology. We offer expertise that goes beyond “state of the practice,” to include innovative solutions using techniques usually found in academic and research institutions. Accordingly, we take a proactive approach to staff recruitment and development, and maintain close ties to universities and national laboratories.

GLOBAL EXPErIENCERIZZO personnel have been building up national and international relationships for several decades. We have worked on sites throughout the United States, South America, Europe, the Middle East, Africa, Australia, and

Founded in 1984, RIZZO Associates has grown into an award-winning engineering and consulting firm specializing in Geotechnical Engineering, Seismic and Structural Engineering, Water Resources Engineering, and Construction Management. RIZZO’s Founder and President, Dr. Paul C. Rizzo, P.E., has built the firm into one of the leading consultants in civil engineering supporting the design and analysis of power plants, tunnels, dams and other heavy civil structures.

RIZZO employs more than 300 engineers, scientists and technicians around the world, many with advanced degrees in their respective areas of expertise. Company headquarters are located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, with offices in Albuquerque, New Mexico; Columbia, South Carolina; St. Louis, Missouri; Oakland, California; and Tarrytown, New York. RIZZO also has affiliate and branch offices located in Tucson, Arizona; Australia, The Czech Republic; Russia; Santiago, Chile, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Lima, Peru, London, England, and the United Arab Emirates, serving local clients.

The technical focus and majority of RIZZO’s experience and expertise is primarily in the following practice areas:

Geotechnical Engineering: Investigation Planning, Implementation, and Results Analysis; Ground Improvement Techniques; Slope Stability; Soil-Structure Interaction; Hydrogeology; Liquefaction Potential; Instrumentation and Monitoring; and Hazard Remediation.

structural Engineering: Deep and Shallow Foundation Design; Vibration Analysis; Comprehensive Seismic Load Development, Analysis, and Design; Special/Unique Structure Analysis and Design; Nuclear Power Plant Structure and Equipment Analysis and Qualification; and Fragility Analysis.

Civil Engineering: Site Layout and Design; Roadway and Intersection Design; Surveying; Drainage; and Storm Runoff Analysis and Design.

COmPANY HIsTOrY

1.0 COmPANY HIsTOrYAsia. We have been exposed to a variety of site conditions because of our international project exposure. We have faced many unusual situations, including access problems, adversary adjacent property owners, political strife, and public hearings in several languages. We have served a variety of clients, including various governments, global companies, multinational corporations, and international lending agencies and banks.

QUALITY AssUrANCERIZZO has a fully implemented internal Quality Assurance/Quality Control System, established and qualified in accordance with the requirements of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, (ASME) NQA-1-1994, “Quality Assurance Requirements for Nuclear Facility Applications,” NQA-1-2008 (and the NQA-1a-2009 Addenda), “Quality Assurance Requirements for Nuclear Facility Applications” Standard. The Standard was selected as the basis for our QA Program because it establishes quality assurance standards for activities ranging from data acquisition through design to records administration. Particular emphasis is placed on documentation and verification procedures for field operations, and for analysis and calculations, which result in traceability and transparency.Within the last four years, the RIZZO QA Program has been audited by at least 10 clients as part of their supplier approval process. RIZZO is also certified under the ISO-9000 Program.

rIzzO’s EXPErTIsEMany of our engineers and scientists are registered professionals with advanced degrees in their respective fields of study. RIZZO senior engineers routinely mentor our emerging engineers to ensure that we provide an unwavering level of service. We embrace a hands-on approach with our projects, staff, and clients, and we believe that this blend of seasoned engineering experts, and bright, young talent, is essential when engineering for the future!

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including associated excavations. Typical geotechnical analyses include settlement, bearing capacity, slope stability, and site response for both deep and shallow foundations. We have also performed numerous seepage and slope stability analyses for large excavations, including those located adjacent to dams and other water resources facilities. We also perform two-dimensional and three-dimensional static and dynamic finite element analyses. RIZZO staff has the capabilities to perform all of these services in-house without support from external consultants or subcontractors.

Our experience includes design and evaluation of deep and shallow foundations, comprehensive vibration or seismic load development, analysis, and design, and nuclear power plant structure and equipment analysis and qualification. RIZZO personnel are experienced with the design and analysis of steel and concrete structures.

RIZZO also performs site layout and design, surveying, drainage design, storm runoff analysis and design, and site grading. We routinely prepare design drawings and specifications for projects and have engineers licensed throughout the United States and overseas.

sEIsmIC HAzArD AssEssmENT AND ANALYsIsRIZZO provides seismic hazard assessments, including review of regional geology and tectonics, fault studies, preparation of earthquake catalogues, analysis of seismicity (including study of faults and active tectonic features, development of seismic source zones, and analysis of their seismicity), performing deterministic and probabilistic methodologies, and specialized studies such as assessment of the effects of near-field earthquakes and micro-earthquake monitoring. Typically, this assessment provides exceedance probabilities and uncertainty bounds for peak ground acceleration and ground motion spectra.

RIZZO personnel have been involved in geotechnical engineering projects for over 50 years, including subsurface investigations; design and analysis; and construction inspection services.

RIZZO has extensive experience providing geotechnical engineering services in the power generation industry in the U.S. We have also worked on numerous overseas projects, primarily in Europe, the Middle East, and Southeast Asia. RIZZO’s experience includes working on all types of power generation facilities, including combined cycle gas fired power plants, hydroelectric power plants, nuclear power plants, and wind turbine generator facilities. In particular, RIZZO has extensive experience in the following areas:

•Geologic and Geotechnical Investigations;•Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis•Seismic and Vibration Analysis• Instrumentation Monitoring•Construction Oversight and Support

GEOLOGIC & GEOTECHNICAL INVEsTIGATIONsRIZZO routinely performs and/or oversees comprehensive geological and geotechnical subsurface investigations for all types of structures including power generation facilities, dams, tunnels, and other heavy civil facilities. We also perform on-site pumping tests to provide the data necessary to design a dewatering system and associated seepage analyses.

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEErING AND ANALYsIsRIZZO routinely performs static and dynamic geotechnical and structural analyses for power generation facilities

GEOTECHNICALEXPErIENCE

RIZZO offers a full line of services for dynamic evaluation of Structures, Foundations, and Components. Our services include: design of facility upgrades and modifications; assessment of coupled building and foundation models; soil-structure interaction and soil-structure interaction with incoherent ground motion; machine induced vibrations; and seismic qualification. RIZZO provides expertise in soil-structure interaction, including interpretation of results from field and laboratory investigations of subsurface soils, vibratory ground motion, and site seismic response.

INsTrUmENTATION & mONITOrINGRIZZO has extensive experience with the design, installation, and data evaluation of geotechnical instrumentation. This experience includes the installation, operation, and monitoring of piezometers (vibrating wire and Casagrande), inclinometers, survey monuments, seepage flumes, and crack meters.

We recently prepared and supervised the instrumentation and monitoring program for the refilling of the Taum Sauk Upper Reservoir Dam. We also performed extensive instrumentation monitoring for the Lake Side Power Project, Smithland Hydroelectric project, Saluda Dam Remediation, and Wyaralong Dam Construction.

CONsTrUCTION OVErsIGHT & sUPPOrT RIZZO routinely supports and oversees projects during the construction phase including cost estimating and scheduling, quality control and quality assurance, construction monitoring and inspection, value engineering, and engineering during construction.

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2.0 GEOTECHNICAL EXPErIENCE

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RIZZO performed a detailed site characterization and subsurface investigation for the Safety Analysis Report required for the proposed nuclear power plant. Site characterization activities include the following:

Field Investigation: Onshore boring program to support and develop Generation III designs of 1000 to 1600 MWe rating. The investigation will provide geotechnical and geohydrological information to the potential technology vendors to allow them to identify and mitigate ground risks; onshore geophysics and geotechnical measurements; and laboratory program per USNRC RG 1.138.

2.5 Geology, Seismology, and Geotechnical: Describing the site geological setting and performing an evaluation of the seismic conditions, including PSHA, potentially affecting the design of foundations and structures. A screening level field work program (borings, geophysical testing, and laboratory testing) and analysis was performed to support evaluation of the ground risk regarding this site for the plant and its related safety structures – containment and safeguard buildings, power supply, and essential cooling.

Work was performed in accordance with RIZZO’s Quality Assurance Program in compliance with 10CFR 50, Appendix B and ASME NQA-1-2008 (and the NQA-1a-2009 Addenda). The Program has been audited and approved by many Clients.

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3.0 PrOJECTs

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RIZZO performed a detailed site characterization and subsurface investigation of the Bell Bend Nuclear Power Plant (BBNPP) site. Midway through the USNRC review, the client elected to make significant changes to the site layout and orientation, requiring RIZZO to complete an additional field investigation to characterize the new location of the plant buildings.

The Geotechnical Field Investigation included Field Reconnaissance and Utility Clearance, Soil Sampling, Field Investigation Program to site the EPR per RG 1.132, Rock Coring to 400 feet below ground surface (bgs), Surface Geophysical Survey, Down-hole Geophysical Survey, Pressure-meter Testing, Borehole Abandonment, and Laboratory Test Program per RG1.138. A paleoseismic evaluation was conducted to locate evidences of past seismicity in the Region. This evaluation included a review by boat of the deposits along the Susquehanna River and its tributaries, the update of the local geological mapping during the Site Reconnaissance, as well as an assessment of the high-resolution LIDAR data covering the site and its environs.

Data collected to support the Civil Engineering and Hydrogeological Field Investigation includes Field Reconnaissance, Soil Sampling, Shelby Tube Sampling, Borehole advancement to 600 feet below ground surface, Rock Coring Analysis, Down-hole Televiewer and Head Flow Logging, Packer Testing based on Televiewer findings, Open-hole Borehole Development, Monitor Well Installation, Monitor Well Development, Slug Tests, Step Drawdown and Pumping Tests, Groundwater Elevation Measurements and Water Quality Survey, Surface Water Elevation Measurements and Water Quality Survey, and Stream Flow Measurements.

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sUBsUrfACE INVEsTIGATION fOr sYsTEm WIDE fArE COLLECTION WArEHOUsEEVErETT TOWNsHIP, BEDfOrD COUNTY, PENNsYLVANIAThe purpose of this investigation was to examine the subsurface conditions of the site and to provide recommendations for foundation design and construction, site preparation, and other construction considerations. The scope of this subsurface exploration included a reconnaissance of the site; a review of geologic maps of the area; the drilling of seven (7) standard geotechnical test borings within the foundation footprint for the proposed structure; and an engineering evaluation of the subsurface materials relative to the proposed construction.

RIZZO Associates provided geotechnical engineering services to the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission (PTC) on an as-requested basis. RIZZO provided supplemental staff of qualified personnel to serve as an extension of the PTC’s in-house geotechnical staff. Involvement on individual assignments ranged in time from a few hours to several days or weeks and involved personnel from any or all level(s) of payroll classification.

Example projects include:

sUBsUrfACE INVEsTIGATION fOr E-z PAss GANTrY sYsTEm JEffErsON BOrOUGH, ALLEGHENY COUNTY, PENNsYLVANIAThe purpose of this investigation was to examine the subsurface conditions of the site and to provide recommendations for foundation design and construction. The scope of this subsurface exploration included a reconnaissance of the site; a review of geologic maps of the area; the drilling of twelve (12) standard geotechnical test borings within the foundation footprint of the proposed structure; and an engineering evaluation of the subsurface materials relative to the proposed construction.

PENNsYLVANIA TUrNPIKE COmmIssION GEOTECHNICAL sErVICEs CONTrACTPennSYlVAniA

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RIZZO was retained by Siemens Power Generation, Inc. (Siemens) to perform a subsurface investigation, design a foundation improvement system, structural analysis, and prepare construction drawings and specifications at the Lake Side Power Project (LSPP) Site near Orem, Utah.

The project consists of the construction of a combined cycle gas fired power generation station. RIZZO performed a geotechnical exploration that consisted of drilling 11 exploratory borings and performing laboratory tests on representative soil samples. This information, along with the loads from the power plant (provided by Siemens), allowed RIZZO to identify potential settlement issues and to develop a foundation improvement plan to minimize these concerns.

RIZZO was also responsible for the instrumentation program and field monitoring once foundation improvement activities began at the site. RIZZO procured, installed and monitored 21 vibrating wire piezometers and 6 settlement sensors to assess the impact the surcharge fill material had on the site. A RIZZO representative was on-site to observe the construction activities associated with the foundation improvement design in order to ensure the contractor was following the drawings and specifications.

The site proved to be very challenging from an analysis prospective. The top 30 feet of soil consisted of over consolidated material while the next 70 feet were under consolidated material. In addition, artesian conditions were present below 100 feet. Seismic conditions also had to be accounted for at this site. RIZZO determined that the existing condition of the foundation soil was not suitable for building the station. Therefore, the entire site was preloaded with surcharge material in order to compact the soils to 90% of the total expected settlement (between 3-to-4 feet in some places). This action will reduce the long term settlement experienced by the plant to an acceptable level. Wick drains were installed on four-foot centers (approximately 40,000 over 12 acres) to expedite the settlement.

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RIZZO was responsible for performing a detailed site characterization and subsurface investigation of the site. This work included subsurface drilling, laboratory testing, and preparation of the complete Safety Analysis Report (SAR) Chapter 2 and the Environmental Report for the Callaway Unit 2 Combined Operating License Application (COLA).

Work performed by the RIZZO Team included developing Chapter 2.5-Geology, Seismology, and Geotechnical of the COLA. Investigations were conducted to describe the site geological setting and perform a detailed evaluation of the seismic conditions, including PSHA, potentially affecting the design of foundations and structures. An extensive field work program (borings, geophysical testing, and laboratory testing) and analysis was performed to support siting of the US-EPR and its related safety structures – containment and safeguard buildings, emergency power, and essential cooling. An extensive survey of the Missouri River and its tributaries was conducted to evaluate the region for evidence of paleoseismic events. The PSHA and its conclusions were reviewed and approved by a Senior-Level review committee.

All work was completed in accordance with RIZZO’s Quality Assurance Program in compliance with 10CFR 50, Appendix B and ASME NQA-1-1994. The Program was audited and approved by the Client.

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The Chilca Uno Project consists of three simple cycle natural gas power plants adding up to 542 MW of installed capacity. RIZZO performed subsurface investigations for Chilca I (174 MW) in 2005, Chilca II (174 MW) in 2007, and Simba (194 MW) in 2009. Based on the information provided from the investigations and the subsequent engineering evaluations, concrete mat foundations were recommended to support the Power Block at each plant. In addition, RIZZO provided construction supervision services as the foundation mats were constructed.

RIZZO was also in charge of reviewing seismic calculations submitted by the vendors of all major plant components within and around the three plants. Given the high seismicity of the region, site-specific factors of safety were developed for this Project, considering Peruvian (NTE) and American (UBC) building codes. RIZZO developed the Seismic Certification for Chilca I, Chilca II, and Simba.

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RIZZO performed a comprehensive geotechnical investigation for the pipeline, pump stations, and storage tanks planned for the proposed White Mountain Apache Tribe (WMAT) Rural Water System. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the subsurface conditions of the Site and to provide engineering recommendations associated with the proposed construction of approximately 50 miles of water supply pipeline and associated facilities. The scope of this subsurface exploration included a reconnaissance of the Site, the drilling of approximately 150 geotechnical test borings ranging from 10 feet to 50 feet deep along the pipe alignment, the installation of groundwater monitoring wells, and an engineering evaluation of the subsurface materials encountered during the investigation.

Field exploration was coordinated with personnel from the WMAT, local utility providers, the Arizona Department of Transportation, and the Bureau of Indian Affairs under a work plan reviewed and approved by the WMAT and the Bureau of Reclamation. Drilling was completed in two phases, first with a truck mounted drill rig and later with a track mounted limited access drill rig. An extensive laboratory testing program was performed on recovered samples and engineering recommendations for the pipeline and associated structures were provided to Morrison Maeirle Inc, the lead pipeline designer. Engineering recommendations were provided in a Geotechnical Baseline Report and included bearing capacity, lateral earth pressures, suitability of materials encountered for used as backfill and bedding materials, corrosivity, drainage, and constructability concerns.

WmAT rUrAL WATEr sUPPLY PrOJECTWHiTeriVer, AriZonA

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RIZZO performed a comprehensive subsurface investigation for the proposed layout of a ABWR at Visaginas Nuclear Power Station (VNPP), using GE-Hitachi technology. RIZZO analyzed the field data and laboratory testing results and prepared a geotechnical report including settlement analyses.

RIZZO personnel performed a comprehensive subsurface investigation to determine sub-surface conditions at the proposed layout location. The field investigation included:

•A review of previous investigations in the area•Fifty-seven (57) geotechnical borings between 50m

and 220m deep sampled using Pitcher barrel Shelby Tube, soil coring, and rock coring techniques.

•Thirty-five (35) CPTu tests up to a depth of 45m.•Twenty-five (25) in-situ pressuremeter tests.•P-S Suspension Velocity logging at 8 boring locations•Gamma-Gamma Density logging at 8 boring locations•Natural Gamma Surveying at 54 boring locations•Forty-eight (48) groundwater wells drilled in 10

clusters of 4 to 6 wells with a field water quality survey performed after the development of each well

•Nine (9) 72-hour pumping tests to investigate the Hydrogeologic activity of the site

A laboratory testing program was developed by RIZZO for geotechnical and water samples obtained during the field investigation. Undisturbed Shelby Tube and rock core special-care samples were sent to four independant labs in the United States for strength, index, static, and dynmaic property testing, while disturbed special-care soil samples were used soley to determine index properties. One water sample obtained at the end of each pumping test was tested for pH, sulfate, chloride, and salinity at an independent laboratory in Vilnius, Lithuania.

The results of this geotechnical investigation are anticipated to be used in the final layout and design of the

ABWR at the Visaginas Nuclear Power Plant. Therefore, work is being performed in accordance with RIZZO’s Quality Assurance Program in compliance with 10CFR 50, Appendix B and ASME NQA-1-2008 (and the NQA-1a-2009 Addenda). The Program has been audited and approved by many Clients including field and laboratory surveillances by Visagino Atomine Elektrine(VAE).

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predict seismic stresses during a design basis earthquake event. All calculations, design reports, and construction documents were reviewed by the FERC and an Independent Board of Consultants (BOC). RIZZO formally presented various design alternatives to both the FERC and the BOC for review and approval.

CONsTrUCTION mANAGEmENTAs Construction Manager (CM), RIZZO retained a full staff of on-site personnel, including: engineers, construction supervisors, AutoCAD personnel, surveyors, and environmental compliance and safety personnel. RIZZO was the single point of contact for the Project and was the Owner’s Representative on-site. Additional duties included coordinating and managing the work of the Contractor. RIZZO’s responsibilities included: scheduling, budget and cost control, inspection of the Contractor’s work, approval of Pay Applications, contract administration, preparation of contract documents and technical specifications, health and safety programs, Request for Information and approval of Project Submittals. RIZZO provided on-site supervision and coordination of all construction activities. These activities included schedule, budget and cost control, approval of submittals, responses to RFIs, Cost Estimates, preparation of Bid Documents, Contract Administration, Document Control, Construction Monitoring, Cash Flow Projections, review of Value Engineering proposals, Claim Analysis and Negotiation, Dispute Resolution, Performance Analysis, and Payment Application Approvals.

Ameren Missouri contracted RIZZO to provide a subsurface investigation and forensic analysis to determine the root cause for the failed Upper Reservoir at the Taum Sauk Pumped Storage Facility. RIZZO then performed conceptual, and then a detailed design of the new dam, in addition to managing the construction of this $380 million rebuild. The selected rebuild consisted of constructing an RCC dam. The final Project involved the placement of 2.7 million cubic yards of RCC. During construction, the Taum Sauk Upper Reservoir was the largest RCC dam under construction in the U.S. The Taum Sauk Upper Reservoir Rebuild Project won the 2010 USSD Award of Excellence for Construction Projects. RIZZO’s scope of work is detailed as follows:

sUBsUrfACE INVEsTIGATION/fOrENsIC ANALYsIsRIZZO conducted a subsurface investigation and detailed forensic engineering analysis to determine the cause of the failure. Analysis included stability and seepage, dam breach (to determine time and to evaluate mode of failure), complete review of instrument control systems, sediment transport, detailed mapping of breach zone, drilling and sampling of remaining portions of the dike, and a subsurface investigation to analyze both the existing dike and its foundation and the potential foundation of a new dam.

DEsIGN ENGINEErING RIZZO prepared both conceptual and detailed designs for the Rebuild, including analyzing and developing various options to rebuild the Project. Construction costs and schedule, as well as potential regulatory challenges with each option, were fully evaluated. RIZZO evaluated several alternates for the rebuild and selected a symmetrical (0.6H to 1.0 V upstream and downstream) RCC dam. RIZZO developed an appropriate seismic design basis for the site and completed a series of finite element analyses to

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RIZZO completed an evaluation of potential locations throughout the United Arab Emirates using multiple siting criteria (including seismic activity, availability of water, environmental impacts, and population density criteria) along with a mathematical ranking model to identify appropriate locations for the siting of NPPs. RIZZO has completed site characterization activities including comprehensive subsurface investigations for two of the highest ranked sites, and has completed detailed investigations for additional plants at the Barakah site. These sites pose difficult working conditions including remote locations and weather extremes.

Site characterization activities included the following:

•Field Investigation: Onshore boring program – more than 160 borings to support and develop Generation III designs of 1000 to 1600 MWe rating. The investigation provided geotechnical and geohydrological information to the potential technology vendors to allow them to identify and mitigate ground risks. The investigation included multiple facets for a complete assessment: Geological mapping and review for paleo-seismic evidence, offshore and onshore boring programs; onshore and offshore geophysics and geotechnical measurements; oceanographic bathymetric survey; and a laboratory program per USNRC RG 1.138. The Korean APR1400 was subsequently selected as the nuclear technology, and the PSAR was adapted to APR1400 requirements and parameters. A follow-on geological and geotechnical investigation was concluded in 2012 to evaluate the site for two additional APR1400 units.

•PSAR Section 2.5 Geology, Seismology, and Geotechnical: Investigations were conducted to describe the site geological setting and perform a detailed evaluation of the seismic conditions, including a Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA), which potentially affect the design of foundations and structures. An extensive field work program (geological mapping, search for paleoseismic evidences, geotechnical borings, geophysical testing, and laboratory testing) and analysis was required to

support siting of the plants and their related safety structures and components. RIZZO formed a SSHAC committee of international experts to independently review the findings of the PSHA and to make recommendations for application to the site.

All work was completed in accordance with RIZZO’s Quality Assurance Program in compliance with 10CFR 50, Appendix B and ASME NQA-1-1994. The Program was audited and approved by many Clients

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Construction of the rockfill portion of the dam entailed placement of 3.5 million cubic yards of soils and rock. The RCC section for the dam required 1.3 million cubic yards of RCC and mass concrete. All materials were produced on-site. Daily blasting in the quarry, supervised by RIZZO geologists, produced rock for the construction. Shot rock was then delivered to the on-site crushing plants, which supplied various aggregates for the RCC, rockfill, and filters.

RIZZO was the single point of contact for the project and provided CM services that included a Document Control System, schedule responses to RFIs, cost estimates for extra work, preparation of initial bid documents, contract administration, construction monitoring of all activities, cash flow projections, review of Value Engineering proposals, claim analysis and negotiation, dispute resolution, performance analysis, and payment application approvals. RIZZO personnel numbered approximately 30 people and included engineers, geologists, surveyors, design and CADD personnel, construction supervisors, RCC supervisors, environmental compliance personnel, safety personnel, and instrumentation engineers and technician monitors.

RIZZO was retained by South Carolina Electric & Gas (SCE&G) as the Design Engineer and Construction Manager for the remediation of Saluda Dam, located in Columbia, South Carolina. Initially, RIZZO performed numerous subsurface investigations of the site to evaluate the static and dynamic stability of the dam. The $275 Million Project was completed in 2005 and, at that time, was the largest active dam construction project in the U.S. The Saluda Dam received the Outstanding Civil Engineering Achievement (OCEA) as the most outstanding project for 2006 as chosen by the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE).

The Saluda Dam, which impounds Lake Murray, is owned and operated by SCE&G, and is located on the Saluda River, 10 miles upstream of Columbia, South Carolina. The dam, completed in 1930, is 211-ft. high and 7,800-ft. long. It was originally constructed for hydroelectric generation, but today the lake is also the source of cooling water for the coal-fired McMeekin Steam Electric Plant, a source of drinking water for the region and the largest recreation facility in Western South Carolina.

To evaluate effectiveness of the dewatering system and monitor dam safety during excavation, hundreds of fully-automated inclinometers and piezometers were installed in the dam. These instruments provided a continuous real-time stream of data and helped engineers to make timely decisions about safety and progress of construction.

With space constraints precluding open-cut excavation, several retaining walls were required to support the 50-ft. deep excavation for the new dam. The project included construction of a 1,500-ft. long and 40-ft. high tie-back retaining wall, a 45-ft. high soil bentonite cut-off wall, a 40-ft. high soil-nail wall, and a local jet-grouted wall. Because of highly irregular and often unpredictable bedrock profile, the wall designs had to be revised in several instances. RIZZO worked closely with the contractor value-engineering the walls to fit site conditions.

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RIZZO performed a detailed site characterization and subsurface investigation for the Safety Analysis Report of the site in accordance with Turkish (TAEK) and IAEA requirements.

Site characterization activities include the following:Field Investigation: Onshore boring program to sup-port the AES-2006 design. The investigation will pro-vide geotechnical and geo-hydrological information to identify and mitigate ground risks; onshore geophysics and geotechnical measurements; and laboratory pro-gram per USNRC RG 1.138.

2.5 Geology, Seismology, and Geotechnical: De-scribing the site geological setting and performing an evaluation of the seismic conditions, including PSHA, potentially affecting the design of foundations and structures. A screening level field work program (borings, geophysical testing, and laboratory testing) and analysis was performed to support evaluation of the ground risk regarding this site for the plant and its related safety structures – containment and safeguard buildings, power supply, and essential cooling.

Work was performed in accordance with RIZZO’s Quality Assurance Program in compliance with 10CFR 50, Appendix B and ASME NQA-1-2008 (and the NQA-1a-2009 Addenda). The Program has been audited and approved by many Clients.

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subsurface materials; performing slope stability analyses; and developing design drawings and associated technical specifications. Slope stability analyses were performed for several sections of the excavation for the following loading conditions: end of construction, steady seepage, 100-year flood, sudden drawdown, and earthquake. The excavation design had to meet both FERC and USACE stability criteria, and had to be approved by the Owner’s Engineer, Board of Consultants, FERC, and the USACE.

During construction, RIZZO provided embankment safety monitoring training to on-site personnel, directed the performance monitoring of the excavation, and interpreted and reported instrumentation data from the network of 10 inclinometers and 30 vibrating wire piezometers. In addition, RIZZO provided engineering support during large flood events and for changes to the slope and access road configuration as required by changing construction conditions.

American Municipal Power, Inc. (AMP) is currently constructing a new hydroelectric generating plant on the Ohio River at the site of the Smithland Dam. RIZZO designed the excavation and associated dewatering system for the project as part of the design build team. The subsurface investigation and the design of the remaining components of the project were performed by other members of the team.

The proposed hydroelectric plant will be constructed adjacent to the east side of the weir wall of the dam. The plant will include three (3) turbines with a combined design output of 72 MW. The existing dam is owned by the USACE, and the project will be regulated by the FERC.

The projected consists of the following components:

•Marine Cofferdam;• Slurry Wall;• Dewatering System;• Excavation;• Flooding Structure; and• Instrumentation.

As part of the dewatering system design, RIZZO conducted pumping tests at the site to better characterize the hydrogeologic properties of the subsurface materials at the site.

The design of the dewatering system consisted of performing two-dimensional seepage analyses using the Seep2D program, and performing three-dimensional seepage analyses using the MODFLOW program. The results of these analyses were used to design the dewatering system for the project that consisted of the installation of 65 36-inch diameter deep wells.

The excavation design consisted of evaluating the subsurface conditions of the site from existing geotechnical data; assigning shear strength parameters to the

smITHLAND HYDrOELECTrIC PrOJECTSmiTHlAnD, KenTUCKY

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