STAGES OF IMMIGRATION

FOCUS QUESTIONList five reasons for people to move

from one place to another. Explain which is the best reason to move.

FOUR MAJOR WAVESColonial ImmigrationAntebellum ImmigrationGilded Age ImmigrationModern Immigration

Each wave has similarities and differences

COLONIAL IMMIGRATION1650 through 1800Largely from the British Isles and

AfricaSought freedom and landFaced difficulties

Border warfare withNative Americans

Carving home fromwilderness

ANTEBELLUM IMMIGRATION1835-1860Largely from Germany and Ireland

Came seeking liberty, land, and work

Faced discrimination and poverty

GILDED AGE IMMIGRATION1870-1920Largely Southern and Eastern

Europe and AsiaCame seeking work and freedom

Faced discrimination, culture shock, poverty

MODERN IMMIGRATION1970 through todayLargely came from Latin America,

Africa, and AsiaCome largely seeking freedom and

workFace discrimination

GILDED AGE IMMIGRATION“New Immigrants”Tended to settle in the cities

Drawn to the industrial jobs of the period

Lacked funds to purchaseland elsewhere

ELLIS ISLANDMajor immigration processing center

on the East Coast12 million from 1892 to 1954Angel Island on the Pacific

CULTURE SHOCKLives of Immigrants turned around

Move from the farms to the factory

Move from the country toan urban world

Move away from familiarcustoms and languages to a new world

COPING MECHANISMSSettle in Immigrant NeighborhoodsForm attachments to “national”

churchesForm ethnic solidarity clubsFind the familiar in the chaos of the

new

FACED DISCRIMINATIONRising tensions with “Old

Immigrants” and Native-bornPromoted Immigration restriction

Chinese Exclusion Act of 1880Alien Land Laws“Gentlemen’s Agreement” with

Japan

NATIONAL ORIGINS ACT OF 1924Set up immigration quotasSet at 2% of the ethnicity’s

population from 1890Designed to limit immigration

from “undesirable” countriesPromoted by “eugenicists”