SPRINKLER PROTECTION IN RESIDENTIAL … · • NFPA 13 ‘Standard for the Installation of...

SPRINKLER PROTECTION IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS GREATERRESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS GREATER

THAN 4 STOREYS IN HEIGHT

Don Casey, LEL, CET, CFPS, BCIN

© 2013 Randal Brown & Associates Engineering Ltd. 2

TOPICS

• Changes to the OBC• Relevant NFPA StandardsRelevant NFPA Standards• Where is protection requiredOb t ti t t di h• Obstructions to water discharge

• Occupancy classifications• Various hazards


OBC GENERAL REQUIREMENTSOBC GENERAL REQUIREMENTS


OBC SPRINKLER MANDATE

• The requirement to provide sprinkler protectionThe requirement to provide sprinkler protection in residential buildings in excess of four storeyswas introduced through an amendment to thewas introduced through an amendment to the 2006 OBC on April 1, 2010


OBC MANDATE

• For new residential construction, sprinkler t ti i t d t d b th l tprotection requirements mandated by the relevant

OBC Construction Article

• When required, sprinkler protection addressed by OBC Article 3 2 5 13 ‘Automatic SprinklerOBC Article 3.2.5.13 Automatic Sprinkler Protection’

• Article identifies three NFPA Standards specific to sprinkler protection requirements.


NFPA STANDARDS

• NFPA 13 ‘Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler S t ’Systems’

NFPA 13R ‘St d d f th I t ll ti f S i kl• NFPA 13R ‘Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in Residential Occupancies up to and Including Four Stories in HeightIncluding Four Stories in Height

• NFPA 13D ‘Standard for the Installation of SprinklerNFPA 13D Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One and Two Family Dwellings and Mobile Homes


NFPA 13

• This presentation will focus on NFPA 13 – The applicable Standard when dealing with pp gresidential buildings greater than 4 storeys high


OBC SPECIFIC ITEMSOBC SPECIFIC ITEMS


OBC SPECIFIC ITEMS

• OBC generally defaults to NFPA 13 for design, installation and testing requirementsg q

• There are some OBC specific items that must be• There are some OBC specific items that must be followed……


OBC SPECIFIC ITEMS

• Six OBC Articles that come into play with respect to sprinkler design– 3.2.5.13– 3.2.5.14– 3.2.5.15– 3.2.5.16– 3.2.5.18– 3.2.5.19


OBC SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

• Article 3.2.5.14 discusses the use of combustible sprinkler pipep p p– Where permitted– Restrictions



• Article 3.2.5.15 discusses sprinklered service spacesp– Alarm / monitoring– Where requiredq– Garbage chutes



• Article 3.2.5.16 discusses fire department connections

• Article 3 2 5 18 discuss protection against• Article 3.2.5.18 discuss protection against freezing temperatures

• Article 3.2.5.19 discusses fire pumps



• Back to Article 3.2.5.13:

• Article does not allow omission of heads in rooms or closets of top storey if sprinklerrooms or closets of top storey if sprinkler protection is used to waive roof rating

Req’d to provide cooling to u/s of roof as fire– Req’d to provide cooling to u/s of roof as fire resistance rating of the roof is waived in sprinkleredbuildingbuilding


OBC SPECIFIED USE OF FAST RESPONSESPRINKLERSSPRINKLERS

• Fast response sprinklers SHALL be installed in sprinklered residential occupanciesp p

• Differs from NFPA 13 which allows for use ofDiffers from NFPA 13 which allows for use of quick response OR fast response residential type sprinklerssprinklers


THERMAL SENSITIVITYTHERMAL SENSITIVITY


THERMAL SENSITIVITY

• Fast response is a reference to the thermal sensitivity of the sprinkler headsy p

• Three classifications:• Three classifications:– Standard response,Q i k d– Quick response, and

– Fast response.


RESPONSE TIME INDEX

Th l ifi ti i b d th R Ti• The classification is based on the Response Time Index (RTI) of the sprinkler which is determined through testingg g

• Fast response sprinklers have a lower RTI than i k i kl hi h h l RTIquick response sprinklers which have a lower RTI

than standard response sprinklers

• The lower the RTI, the faster a sprinkler head will activate


THERMAL SENSITIVITY

• Standard response heads– More traditional

• Quick responseCommon in light hazard occupancies– Common in light hazard occupancies

• Fast response sprinklersFast response sprinklers– Some very specific storage type sprinklers– Residential sprinklersp


THERMAL SENSITIVITY

• Fast response sprinklers– Will react faster to get water on fire sooner to control fire


WHICH EDITION OF NFPA 13?WHICH EDITION OF NFPA 13?


WHICH EDITION OF NFPA 13

• OBC Article 3.2.5.13 requires sprinkler protection per NFPA 13p p

• The 2006 OBC references the 2007 edition of• The 2006 OBC references the 2007 edition of NFPA 13 in Table 1.3.1.2 in OBC Div. B Part 1

• This remains unchanged in the 2012 OBC


NFPA 13 EDITION

• There are two editions that have been published since 2007; the 2010 and 2013 ditieditions

• While the 2007 edition is legal, Often, the more up‐to‐date editions will be referenced for added l ifi ti d i t h iclarification, new design concepts, changes in approaches.


NFPA 13 EDITION

• Some of these differences between the 2007 (legal) and the 2013 (most up‐to‐date) editions ( g ) ( p )will be discussed later


WHERE IS PROTECTION REQUIRED?WHERE IS PROTECTION REQUIRED?


WHERE IS PROTECTION REQUIRED

• The basic requirement of NFPA 13 is that sprinklers are required to be installed p qthroughout a building

• The Standard will then provide specific areas where sprinkler protection is is permitted to bewhere sprinkler protection is is permitted to be waived


WHERE CAN PROTECTION BE WAIVED

• Many of these areas are concealed spaces that are noncombustible, are provided with limited paccess, and do not permit an occupancy or storageg

• For example the space between a drywallFor example, the space between a drywall ceiling and the underside of the concrete floor slab above.slab above.


WHERE CAN PROTECTION BE WAIVED

• Some areas more specific to higher residential buildings include:g– Washrooms– Closets– Balconies


OMITTING SPRINKLERS FROMWASHROOMSWASHROOMS

• The option of omitting sprinklers from certain washrooms in residential buildings has been gavailable dating back at least to the 1996 edition of NFPA 13



• All of the following criteria must be met to omit sprinklers from washrooms:p– Located within a dwelling unit– Does not exceed 5.1 m² (55 ft²)( )– Walls and ceilings to be constructed of limited or noncombustible materials with a 15 min thermal barrier***



• ***15 min thermal barrier requirement is met by 12.7mm (1/2inch) thick gypsum boardy ( ) gyp

• The thermal barrier is required to installed on all• The thermal barrier is required to installed on all walls and ceilings including wall and ceiling surfaces behind tubs or shower enclosuressurfaces behind tubs or shower enclosures


15 min THERMAL BARRIER

REQUIRED TO BEREQUIRED TO BE INSTALLED BEHIND

TUB



• Due to construction schedules, access for plumbing and in an attempt to utilize as much p g pspace for living areas, in many projects, the drywall is frequently not installed behind tubs y q yand shower enclosures



• Rather, the tubs are install tight against the steel joists and drywall (or cement board) is installed j y ( )after the tub installation ‐ from the top of the tub to the ceilingg


TUB FIXTURES

OFTEN, DRYWALL WILL BE INSTALLED FROM TOP OF TUB

TUB INSTALLED TIGHT AGAINST

STUDS


TUB FIXTURES

EASY ACCESS TO PLUMBING


TUB FIXTURES

NO DRYWALL BEHIND TUB = NO 15min THERMAL

BARRIER



• When the drywall is not installed behind theWhen the drywall is not installed behind the tubs (or shower enclosures) – sprinkler protection is required in the washroomprotection is required in the washroom



• Further, since it is becoming more frequent to not install drywall behind the tub, it is our yoffice’s standard practice (and recommendation) to provide sprinklers in all p pdwelling unit washrooms unless the builder can guarantee that drywall will be installed behind the tub fixtures


OMITTING SPRINKLERS FROM CLOSETS

• The 2007 NFPA 13 requirements for sprinkler protection in dwelling unit closets has caused p gsome confusion



• Prior to the 2007 edition of NFPA 13, sprinkler protection was permitted to be omitted from l t d t i l t d i h t l d t lclosets and pantries located in hotel and motel dwelling units only provided:

The area is less than 2 2 m² (24 ft²)– The area is less than 2.2 m² (24 ft²)– The least dimension (width) does not exceed 915mm and915mm, and

– The walls and ceiling are surfaced with noncombustible or limited combustible materials



• Sprinkler protection was not permitted to be omitted from closets in non‐hotel / motel dwelling units



• The confusion created by release of the 2007 NFPA 13 stems from changes to the ‘Special O R i t ’ hi h dd dOccupancy Requirements’ which are addressed in Chapter 21 of the Standard

• This Chapter extracts sprinkler design criteria from other NFPA Standards in an attempt tofrom other NFPA Standards in an attempt to bring the installation and design criteria from other Standards into one locationother Standards into one location



• Chapter 21 of the 2007 edition was revised to include certain sprinkler requirements from p qNFPA 101 ‘Life Safety Code’



• Chapter 21 in the 2007 edition indicates that sprinkler protection can be omitted from closets p pin new apartment buildings provided: – the closets are less than 2.2m² (12 ft²) in area, and( ) ,– they do not contain equipment such as washers, dryers, furnaces, water heaters etc.



• This appears to contradict 8.15.8 (addresses Dwelling Units) and more specifically, 8.15.8.2 g ) p ywhich indicates that sprinkler protection is only permitted to be omitted from closets and ppantries (of maximum specified sizes) that are located in dwelling units in hotels and motels



• However, it also appears that the provisions in Chapter 21 may only apply to buildings designed

d NFPA 101 ‘Lif S f t C d ’ hi h i tunder NFPA 101 ‘Life Safety Code’ which is not referenced by the Ontario Building Code

• Based on this contradiction, it is our office’s t d d ti t i l d i kl t tistandard practice to include sprinkler protection in all dwelling unit closets



• Note that the options for omitting sprinklers from closets and pantries in non‐hotel / non‐pmotel dwelling units has been removed from the body of the 2010 edition of NFPA 13 and is ynow located in the Annex to provide guidance to those working on buildings constructed to the Life Safety Code


OMITTING SPRINKLERS FROM BALCONIES

• Multiple NFPA 13 requirements that deal with projections including balconiesp j g

• Generally when less than 1 2m (4ft) in width• Generally, when less than 1.2m (4ft) in width, sprinkler protection will not be required beneath a balconybeneath a balcony– Width is the projection out from the building face


OMITTING SPRINKLERS FROM BALCANIES

• Alternately, sprinkler protection is generallyAlternately, sprinkler protection is generally required beneath balconies greater than 1.2m (4ft) in width(4ft) in width



• However, sprinklers can be omitted where the balcony is constructed of materials that are ynoncombustible, limited combustible or fire retardant treated wood as defined by NFPA 703y

• (what about storage?)• (what about storage?)



• When combustible construction, sprinklers can be omitted where the , pexposed finish materials are noncombustible, limited combustible or fire retardant treated wood as defined by NFPA 703 and the roof only contains sprinklered concealed spaces

• Also options when combustible concealed spaces are unsprinklered– Spaces filled with noncombustible insulation

Li iti l– Limiting volumes– Limited to

• (what about storage?)• (what about storage?)



• Storage……

• Omitting sprinklers as discussed in the previous two slides is based on combustibles not beingtwo slides is based on combustibles not being stored or handled beneath the balcony



• If the balcony is used for storage, sprinkler protection is required if the roof over the p qbalcony projects more than 610mm (2ft) from the buildingg



• Typically, there will be patio furniture on balconies

• While patio furniture will likely be combustible (wood, plastic, foam) discussion notes in the NFPA 13 Handbook indicate that patio furniture

t i l b l ld t j tif th don a typical balcony would not justify the need to install sprinklers



• If there is an equipment closet on the balcony, the closet should be treated as a room and sprinkler protection should be provided


TYPICAL OCCUPANCIESTYPICAL OCCUPANCIES


TYPICAL OCCUPANCIES

• A residential building will have multiple hazards

• These can include Light, Ordinary, Extra hazard and storage occupancies

• Every hazard is required to be reviewed and be y qclassified in accordance with NFPA 13 to determine appropriate design criteria


TYPICAL OCCUPANCIES

• Typical Light Hazard Occupancies

– Residential Suites– Amenity Areas– Amenity Areas– Common Areas (e.g., lobbies)Business or Office Areas– Business or Office Areas


TYPICAL OCCUPANCIES

• Typical Ordinary Hazard Areas:

– Retail Spaces– Mechanical Areas– Garbage Rooms– Parking Garage

• Could be Ordinary Hazard Group I or Group II


TYPICAL OCCUPANCIES

• Other Areas:– Storage Lockers Roomsg

• Some areas could have multiple classifications• Some areas could have multiple classifications ‐the final determination of the occupancy classification is the responsibility of the designclassification is the responsibility of the design engineer


TYPICAL OCCUPANCIES

• NFPA 13 requires information to be provided on the drawings to indicate the occupancy g p yclassification of the various areas

• This information will assist the plans reviewer when confirming if the appropriate designwhen confirming if the appropriate design criteria has been applied by the system designer


TYPICAL OCCUPANCIES

• This information will also assist the futureThis information will also assist the future owner(s) if changes are contemplated to the buildingbuilding – Part of maintaining proper system records


NON‐DWELLING / NON‐STORAGE

• The design criteria for areas classified as light, ordinary or extra hazard will be based on the yDensity/Area method outlined by NFPA 13

• Basically, delivering a specified water density over a specified design area with an added hoseover a specified design area with an added hose allowance


NON‐DWELLING / NON‐STORAGE

• To use a typical amenity space as an example:– NFPA 13 Occupancy Classification = light hazardp y g– Design density = 4.1mm/min (0.10USgpm/ft²)– Design area = 139sq² (1500ft²)***Design area 139sq (1500ft )– Total hose allowance = 378L/m (100USgpm)

***permitted reduction based on ceiling heights


DWELLING UNITS

• For dwelling units, the design is not based on a specified design area

• Design based on four hydraulically remote sprinklers in a dwelling unit:– Design density = 4.1mm/min (0.10USgpm/ft²)– Design area = 4 adjacent sprinklers that create the greatest hydraulic demand


LOCKER ROOMS / STORAGE AREAS

• One area may require further review is theOne area may require further review is the design criteria used to protect locker rooms


LOCKER ROOMS

• Locker rooms provided for storage of the building’s occupants are not new to residential g pbuildings

• What is changing is what is being stored in them


LOCKER ROOMS / STORAGE AREAS

• Traditionally, the design criteria used for theTraditionally, the design criteria used for the protection of locker rooms was equivalent to that required for Ordinary Hazard Group 2that required for Ordinary Hazard Group 2 occupancies


STORAGE AREAS

• This protected Class I – IV commodities withThis protected Class I IV commodities with minor amounts of plastics to heights up to 3.7m (12ft)(12ft)– Clothing, books, wood furniture, sporting equipment, etc.equipment, etc.


STORAGE AREAS

• However, more and more consumer products are constructed of Group A plasticsp p

• Many of these plastic goods are classified as• Many of these plastic goods are classified as Group A plastics


LOCKER ROOMS

• What do we store in lockers?– Xmas trees– Small appliances– Sporting goods (golf bag, hockey equipment)Sporting goods (golf bag, hockey equipment)– Furniture– Winter / summer tiresWinter / summer tires– Look around your house at any other item you might store in a lockerstore in a locker


STORAGE AREAS

• Further, the use of plastic containers (e.g., Rubbermaid tubs) to store items in these lockers )is becoming more prominent– Keeps goods dry / cleanp g y /– Protects from vermin– Protects from prying eyesProtects from prying eyes


LOCKER ROOMS

• Considering all of these examples – notice that many if not most of these items are made with yan appreciable amount of plastic!


PLASTIC CONTAINERS


PLASTIC CONTAINERS ‐COOLER


STACKS OF MILKCRATES


SET OF FOUR AUTOMOBILE TIRES


STACK OF 4 PLASTIC TUBS


LOCKER ROOMS

• NFPA 13 requires sprinkler protection to be based on the classification of the protected hazard (light, ordinary, extra hazard).

• For storage areas, the types of storage and the storage heights must be determined.

• This includes locker rooms which are storage areas.This includes locker rooms which are storage areas.


STORAGE AREAS

• Due to the increased use of plastics that could find their way into residential lockers, the ysystem designer should give further consideration for the design criteriag

• Specifically should the sprinkler system be• Specifically, should the sprinkler system be designed to protect Group A plastics


LOCKER ROOMS

• If the traditional ordinary hazard design criteriaIf the traditional ordinary hazard design criteria is applied, storage with Group A plastics is only permitted to 1.5m or 5ft in heightpermitted to 1.5m or 5ft in height


LOCKER ROOMS

• Lockers will typically allow for minimum storageLockers will typically allow for minimum storage heights of 1.8m or 6ft


TYPICALLY GREATER THAN 1.8m HIGH


LOCKER ROOMS

• Allowing for plastic storage in excess of 1.5m will have a significant impact on the sprinkler design

• Will likely affect:y– Pipe sizing (expect larger pipes)– Pump ratingp g– Use of larger more expensive sprinkler heads– Reduction in permitted sprinkler spacing


LOCKER ROOMS

• Could the option of limiting storage heights be• Could the option of limiting storage heights be considered?

• When storage heights are limited, they are done so by the installation of wire mesh

• Cannot install wire mesh at 1.5m elevation

• Without the mesh, limiting storage heights would require constant policing of the storage lockers which is not practicalp


SPRINKLER HEAD TYPESSPRINKLER HEAD TYPES


TYPES OF SPRINKLER HEADS

• The types of sprinkler that can be expected to be found in a typical residential building include:yp g– standard spray sprinklers, – extended coverage sprinklers, and g p ,– residential sprinklers



A sprinkler designer will use different heads in different areas depending on variables such as:

– NFPA 13 hazard classification – The specific listing of the sprinkler heads (some sprinklers are listed for use in specific occupancies)the layout of the building or room (large open areas may– the layout of the building or room (large open areas may permitted efficient use of extended coverage sprinklers)

– Obstructions to sprinkler discharge (beams pipes lightObstructions to sprinkler discharge (beams, pipes, light fixtures)



• Sprinkler manufacturers are continually bringing new products to market p

• These new products provide designers with• These new products provide designers with more options to provide effective sprinkler protection to meet the requirements ofprotection to meet the requirements of NFPA 13.



• Focusing on residential sprinklers:

• There are more than 40 models of residential sprinkler heads to choose from based on thesprinkler heads to choose from based on thefour major manufacturers (Tyco, Victaulic, Reliable Viking)Reliable, Viking)


RESIDENTIAL SPRINKLERS



• These sprinklers can differ based on aesthetics (appearance, finish, concealed, recessed)( pp )

• These sprinklers can also differ based on• These sprinklers can also differ based on performance

Area of coverage– Area of coverage– Operating pressures



• Some factors to consider:– What is the area that I need to cover?– What are the dimensions of the area? How far does the sprinkler head need to throw?

– How much water is available (pressure and volume must be considered)

– How far down from the ceiling is the sprinkler head located?


COVERAGE BASED ON DIMENSIONS OF PROTECTED AREA AND TOTAL

AREA



• The elevation difference between the sprinkler and the underside of the floor slab / ceiling can galso affect discharge criteria


DEFLECTOR TO CEILING DIMENSION

4 to 6 inches DOWN FROM

C GCEILING

6 to 12 inches DOWN FROM

CEILING



• While areas of coverage can be fairly accurate, determining the elevation that the sprinkler h d i i t ll d i lhead is installed is less so

• Actual elevation will be determined based on size of bulkhead, location of ducts within the b lkh dbulkhead


PIPE IN BULKHEADS

ELEVATION OF SPRINKLER DICTATED BYDICTATED BY DUCTING

NOTE HEAD BELOW BULKHEAD: REQUIRED WHEN BULKHEAD WIDTH

EXCEEDS 200mm REQUIRED TO WET THE BACK WALL


REQUIRED TO WET THE BACK WALL


• Sometimes the bulkhead sizes are determined on site to accommodate all of the mechanical

tsystems

• Will the sprinkler heads be located to account for these changes?– This is could also create an obstruction issue


PIPE IN BULKHEADS


OBSTRUCTIONSOBSTRUCTIONS


OBSTRUCTIONS

• While obstruction rules apply to all sprinkler heads, obstructions generally have a greater g y gaffect on residential sprinklers

• Further, obstruction rules are generally more stringent for sidewall sprinklers than forstringent for sidewall sprinklers than for pendant sprinklers


OBSTRUCTIONS

• Much of this is due to the design intent of residential sprinklers which is to discharge water p gacross the ceiling and wet the walls to maintain tenable room temperaturesp


• In a residential suite, there are three primary types of obstructionsyp– Light fixtures,– Bulkheads, and,– Ceiling fans


TYPICAL OBSTRUCTIONS


• To assist the designer in addressing these obstructions, NFPA 13 provides specific rules, p ptables and charts.


QUESTIONS AND CONSIDERATIONS

• What is the horizontal distance between the sprinkler head and the obstruction (the affects p (of an obstruction are reduced the greater the horizontal distance)?

• How deep is the obstruction and how far below• How deep is the obstruction and how far below the sprinkler head does the obstruction project?



• Is the obstructed sprinkler head a pendant sprinkler or a sidewall sprinkler? Obstructions p phave a greater affect on sidewall sprinklers than pendant sprinklers.p p



• Generally, obstruction issues can be reduced or eliminated by:y– increasing the horizontal distance between the sprinkler head and the obstruction,

– reducing the difference in the vertical dimension between the sprinkler head and the bottom of the obstruction, or

– a combination of both.



T i i ili h i ht d lli it ili• To maximize ceiling heights, dwelling unit ceilings are often the underside of the concrete slab

• This often means the extensive use of bulkheads to conceal sprinkler pipe and other mechanical systems

• Increased se of b lkheads ill also mean the• Increased use of bulkheads will also mean the increased use of sidewall sprinklers



• When considering bulkhead obstructions and sidewall sprinklers, does the bulkhead project p p jfrom the same wall as the sidewall sprinkler or is the bulkhead located perpendicular to the p pthrow of the sidewall sprinkler.


BULKHEADS

UNDERSIDE OFUNDERSIDE OF FLOOR SLAB

BULKHEAD


BULKHEAD OBSTRUCTIONPENDANT SPRINKLER ADDED TO ADDRESS

OBSTRUCTIONBULKHEAD IS OBSTRUCTING SIDEWALL SPRINKLLER

OBSTRUCTION

SPRINKLLER

SIDEWALL SPRINKLERSPRINKLER

WHAT IS HORIZONTAL DISTANCE BETWEEN HEAD

AND BULKHEAD?


BULKHEAD OBSTRUCTIONS

WHAT IS HORIZONTAL DISTANCE BETWEEN HEAD

AND BULKHEAD?

WHAT IS VERTICAL DIMENSION BETWEEN HEAD AND BOTTOM OF BULKHEAD?


AND BOTTOM OF BULKHEAD?

LIGHT OBSTRUCTIONS

• Light obstructions are treated a little differently

• General rule(s) of thumbProvide 2 4m or 8ft clear between sidewalls and– Provide 2.4m or 8ft clear between sidewalls and light fixtures, andProvide 915m or 3ft clear between pendant– Provide .915m or 3ft clear between pendant sprinklers and light fixtures


LIGHT OBSTRUCTIONS

• Can also apply Tables and Figures based on how far below the light fixtures project below the g p jsprinkler heads

• Can also install additional sprinklers to cover opposite side of the obstructionsopposite side of the obstructions


LIGHT OBSTRUCTIONS


LIGHT OBSTRUCTION

LIGHT OBSTRUCTING

SPRINKLER HEADSPRINKLER HEAD

SPRINKLER LOCATED ONSPRINKLER LOCATED ON OPPOSITE SIDE OF LIGHT TO ADDRESS OBSTRUCTION


FUTURE LIGHT OBSTRUCTION

SIDEWALL ON ONE SIDE OFONE SIDE OF JUNCTION BOX

JUNCTION BOX FOR FUTURE LIGHT CAN

OBSTRUCT SIDEWALLS

SIDEWALL ON OTHER SIDE OF JUNCTION BOX


LIGHT OBSTRUCTION

JUNCTION BOX FOR LIGHT


LIGHT OBSTRUCTIONS

MINIMUM 915mm CLEARANCE NOT MAINTAINED


MAINTAINED

LIGHT OBSTRUCTIONS

MINIMUM 2.4m CLEARANCECLEARANCE


FAN OBSTRUCTIONS

IGNORE FANS IF PLAN VIEW OF FAN IS AT LEAST 50% OPENAT LEAST 50% OPEN

IF LESS THAN 50% OPEN, WILL HAVE TO PROVIDE MINIMUM DISTANCES

PER NFPA 13


OTHER ISSUES AND CONSIDERATIONSOTHER ISSUES AND CONSIDERATIONS


PIPE RUNNING THROUGH JOISTS


PIPE RUNNING THROUGH JOISTS

SCREW PLATESCREW PLATE


SYSTEM PRESSURES

• Combined standpipe / sprinkler risers can be used to eliminate stand alone sprinkler riserp


SYSTEM PRESSURES

COMBINED STANDPIPE /COMBINED STANDPIPE / SPRINKLER RISER


SYSTEM PRESSURES

• One of the concerns with combined standpipe / sprinkler risers is the potential for over p ppressurizing the sprinkler system

• This can be addressed through the use of pressure reducing valves (PRVs)pressure reducing valves (PRVs)


PRVS

SPRINKLER PRV


SPRINKLER PRV

SPRINKLER PRV – SET TO LIMIT SYSTEM PRESSURES TO 12.07 BAR (175psi)


( p )

HEADROOM CLEARANCES

• In some projects, elevations between underground parking levels reduced limiting g p g gspace for the installation of system piping


HEADROOM CLEARANCES

BOTTOM OF BEAM MEASURES 2.1m ABOVE THE PARKING GARAGE FLOOR (EGRESS CLEARANCES / ACCESS TO BF PARKING AREAS

SPRINKLER HEADS AND PIPE REQUIRED TO ADDRESS

OBSTRUCTION CREATED BY THE BEAM


THE BEAM

HEADROOM CLEARANCES

BOTTOM OF LIGHT MEASURES 2 1BOTTOM OF LIGHT MEASURES 2.1m ABOVE THE PARKING GARAGE

FLOOR


TEMPERATURE RATINGS

• Certain clearances are required to be maintained to sources of heat– Diffusers, fireplaces, etc.

• With respect to diffusers, these locations are sometimes determined in the fieldsometimes determined in the field


TEMPERATURE RATINGS

CLEARANCES TO HEAT SOURCES


TEMPERATURE RATINGS TEMPERATURE RATING DICTATED BY CLEARANCES


QUESTIONS?QUESTIONS?


Don Casey, LEL, C.E.T., CFPS, Project [email protected]

Randal Brown & Associates Engineering Ltd.rbacodes.comrbacodes.com


SPRINKLER PROTECTION IN RESIDENTIAL … · • NFPA 13 ‘Standard for the Installation of...

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