Speech Structure 9 Methods of Organizing Your Speech Information.
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Transcript of Speech Structure 9 Methods of Organizing Your Speech Information.
Philosopher Alfred Korzbyski – “All knowledge is knowledge of structure.”
• No one can understand information as fast as you can speak
• You can’t make any points with an audience if they can’t understand what you are talking about
• So – organize your ideas and give your audience and yourself a chance for success
Structure Building
• Think of constructing a building – individual bricks make up the whole
• Every unit (brick) has something to do with the actual message
Organizing Ideas
• Makes preparation easier
• Guides and streamlines your work
• Even the greatest writers and speakers carefully plan their structure
Why Structure?
• Long time ago – the emphasis used to be on performance o Dictiono Gestureso Postureo Body movemento Eye contact
• Today – the emphasis is on form and content of message
• Speakers are made, not born
#1 Deductive Reasoning
• Think inverted triangle
• Start with the general and work your way to the specific
Baseball Free AgencyMajor Leagues
National League
Central Division
Brewers
#2 Inductive Reasoning• Think pyramid (right
side up)• Specific to General
Teachers are great!
Martin Luther Teachers
English Department
Teachers
Mrs. Dennert
Can’t remember deductive/inductive?
Think
HOURGLASS
#3 Simple to Complex
• Organize information – o Basic components
followed by more advanced or complex ideas
Modems, networking, internet
#4 Part to WholeIn your planning, think large scope first, then break into smaller parts. For your speech, start with smaller parts and expand audience knowledge to understand the whole
The Beatles1. Paul - bass2. John - guitar3. Ringo - drums4. George - Guitar5. Influence of band on music
Parts of an Electric Guitar
BodyNeckFrets
StringsPickupsculture
#5 Cause and Effect
• Works in one of two wayso 1. Identify a change about to occur and describe what effects this
cause might haveo 2. Talk about a problem (effect) and explore what were the causes
that created that problem
CAUSE: The Packers will not win the Super Bowl this yearEFFECT: Everyone in Wisconsin will be near suicidal
Violence and street crime will be on the riseHospitals will be overflowing with PPA
(Playoff Panic Aggression)
#6 Problem - Solution
• Good for proposals for change, new procedures, new laws, new concepts
• Think change• How can you induce
change?• Identify a problem for
your audience and then suggest how they can solve it
PROBLEM: ML has little to offer the non-college bound student
SOLUTION: Create more classes like small engine repair,
landscaping, weldingSOLUTION: Hire more teachers
with technical and labor background
# 7 Chronological Approach
• Think time organization
• Great for step-by-step processes
• Great for telling about or describing historical events
Chronological • U.S. by the Decade
o 1960’s Waro 70’s Economic woeso 80’s Technology revolution - 90’s Boom investments
Changing a Flat Tire-Secure by braking- Raise car by jacking- Remove damaged tire- Replace with spare- Lower car
#8 Spatial Pattern• Think – top to bottom, left to right,
inside to outside
How to Insulate your House- Attic- Living Space- Basement
National Parks in the US- Grand Canyon- Arches National Park- Rocky Mountain NP- Acadia National Park
#9 Topical
• A “catch-all” pattern• A “string of beads” pattern• Organize information under logical headings