Sounding North: Music in Scandinavia Daniel Grimley [email protected].
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Transcript of Sounding North: Music in Scandinavia Daniel Grimley [email protected].
Jean Sibelius Chronology
1865 born, Hämeenlinna 1885 enrols Helsinki University, study
law, later joins Music Institute 1889-91 Studies in Berlin, Vienna 1891 meets runic singer Larin Paraske 1892 Premiere of Kullervo Symphony 1900 First Symphony (1899) performed
in Finnish pavilion at Paris World Fair
1905 First visit to England 1911 Premiere of Fourth Symphony 1921 Meets Vaughan Williams in
London 1924 Premiere of Seventh Symphony,
Stockholm 1930 Works on Eighth Symphony 1957 Dies, 20 September, aged 91
Sibelius and Finnish Nationalism 1809 Finland becomes Russian Duchy 1835 Elias Lönnrot publishes Kalevala 1882 Martin Wegelius founds Helsinki
Music Institute 1889 Finnish newspaper Päivälehti
founded 1893 Sibelius writes Karelia Music 1894 Coronation of Tsar Nicholas II 1899 Premiere of Finlandia (‘Suomi
Herää’) 1904 Assassination of Nikolai Bobrikov 1917 Russian Revolution; Finland
declares independence 6 December
1918 Finnish Civil War; Sibelius house arrest
1936 Hitler awards Sibelius Goethe Medal
1939 Russian attacks Finland; ‘Winter War’
1943 Sibelius hears Vaughan Williams Fifth Symphony on wireless
1955 Finland joins United Nations
Kullervo Symphony
Premiered 28 April 1892
Influence of Bruckner/Wagner
Composed 1891-2 after hearing Larin Paraske
Texts from Kalevala, canto 35
Finnish language text, mvmts 3 and 5
Kalevala ‘Folk’ rhythms Rotational cycles
Runeberg Songs, op. 13 Johan Ludvig Runeberg (1804-1877) Contemporary with Kullervo Symphony Swedish texts, Finnish folk rhythms ‘Under Strandens granar’
Strophic structure Nature mysticism/haunting Tonal structure: auxiliary cadence
‘Till Frigga’ Eroticism Waltz topic Tonal structure
Lemminkäinen Legends, op. 22
Composed 1894-5 Veneen Luominen ‘Swan of Tuonela’ Symbolism Symposium group
Akseli Gallen-Kallela (1865-1931)
Kalevala, Cantos 14, 15 Programmatic narrative Symphonic Structure
‘Lemminkäinen and the Maidens of the Island’, op. 22/1
Opening gesture: nature threshold
Midsummer night Knut Hamsun
Pan (1894), Victoria (1896)
Scoring and cadential articulation
‘Second subject’ Eroticism and chromatic
desire Development/Reprise Tonal Closure as Telos
Ainola and the Third Symphony
Architect: Lars Sonck Karelianism vs Junge
Klassizität Ferrucio Busoni
Entwurf eine neue aesthetik der Tonkunst (1907)
Symphony ‘in C’, op. 52 (1907)
Meeting with Mahler ‘Profound logic’