sophia-birth-defects.ppt

By Sophia NayokpukLS.07.03

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All expectant parents dream of having normal, healthy children. Unfortunately, sometimes this does not happen. Although most babies are born normal and whole, about 3 percent are born with some form of abnormality. Fortunately, about half of these imperfect babies have only minor defects that can be easily corrected, leaving no trace. In the other half, however, the defect may be severe and even life-threatening.Most birth defects are formed in the first three months of pregnancy.


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•Take a multivitamin with 400 micrograms of folic acid every day, even if you are not planning a pregnancy.

•Eat a healthy diet with foliate-rich foods and foods that have been fortified with folic acid.

•Do not drink alcohol if you are trying to become pregnant or at any time during pregnancy.

•Go for a pre-pregnancy health checkup. Review your prescriptions and any over-the-counter medications with your health care provider to determine if they are safe during pregnancy.


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• FAS is an permanent, lifelong condition that affects every aspect of a child’s life and the lives of the child’s family. However, FAS is completely preventable – if a woman does not drink alcohol while she is pregnant. Also, if a woman is planning a pregnancy or is sexually active and not using effective birth control, she should avoid alcohol consumption because she may be pregnant and not know for several weeks or more.






• Within the state of Alaska it is estimated that 65% of children with FAS are either in state custody and living in foster care or have been in state custody and are now in adoptive homes. Only 23% of affected children are living at home with one or both biological parents. FAS and other alcohol affected children have much greater needs than other children in foster care, increasing the need for augmented care rates, adoption subsidies and special services for respite care, infant learning programs, health care, educational services and others

• Alaska has the highest rate of FAS among the five FAS Net states at 1.4 per 1,000 live births;

• Approximately 126 infants are born each year in Alaska who have been affected by maternal alcohol use during pregnancy;

• Alaska Natives have a FAS prevalence rate of 4.8 per 1,000 live births



Believe it or not, prescription pills can cause birth defects also. Some can cause life threatening to the fetus. That’s why is so important that when a lady is trying to get pregnant, or is pregnant that she talks to her doctor about prescription pills.

Even when nursing, prescription pills can cause problems that are harmful to the baby.

can cause birth defects or complications if left untreated.

Such as Chlamydia causes the fetus eye disease, pneumonia, low birth weight

and prematuraity.Syphilis and herpes can can cause severe problems, including blindness

and deathEspecially HIV/AIDS can be the worst of

STDs that cannot be cured and be passed onto your genes. That your children can have the strand of the

disease.STDS while pregnancy complicates

problems of the fetus.STDS can cause down syndrome,Tay-

Sachs disease, sickle cell disease,or hemophilia.

The same effects with…





[or know as German measles] • If infected during the first

trimester of pregnancy it is associated with an increased risk of congenital damage to the fetus, producing stillbirths, abortion, low birth weight, and such malformations as cardiac defects, eye defects (especially cataracts), and mental retardation. During the first 16 weeks of pregnancy the infection has been estimated to carry a risk of fetal damage of between 30% and 35%. Pregnant women who have been exposed to rubella are given gamma globulin in an effort to prevent the disease.

Exposure to

radiation: that causes miscarriages, stillbirths, congenital defects, premature death (death in the first year of life), chromosomal abnormalities and cancer in later life.

Asbestos: is known to cause mesothelioma,asbestos lung cancer,and asbestosis

Hexavalent chromium:[ever watch Erin Brockvich]

uterine and breast cancer to birth defects, chronic nosebleeds, rashes, immune disorders, and miscarriage






The point of a medical sonography, or ultrasound is to visualize a fetus during routine and emergency prenatal care. Can •Date the pregnancy (gestational age)•Confirm fetal viability•Determine location of fetus, intrauterine vs ectopic•Check the location of the placenta in relation to the cervix•Check for the number of fetuses (multiple pregnancy)•Check for major physical abnormalities.•Assess fetal growth (for evidence of IUGR)•Check for fetal movement and heartbeat.•Determine the sex of the baby. And if there is any suspicion of birth defects the doctor would perform a test called

Amniocentesis(also referred to as amniotic fluid test or AFT) is a medical procedure used in prenatal diagnosis of genetic risk factors, in which a small amount of amniotic fluid, which contains fetal tissues, is extracted from the amnion or amniotic sac surrounding a developing fetus, and the fetal DNA is examined for genetic abnormalities. Amniocentesis is not performed for every pregnancy, but is generally done when an increased risk of genetic defects in the fetus is indicated, by mother's age (over 35 years is common), family history of genetic defects, or other factors


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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gestational_age

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fetus



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Better to be

Safe than

..sorry

sophia-birth-defects.ppt

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