Some aspects of energy efficiency and energy conservation in

buildings

Dorota ChwiedukDepartment of Eco-Building Engineering

Institute of Fundamental Technological ResearchPolish Academy of Sciences

00-049 Warszawa ul.Swiętokrzyska 21

Energy efficiency and energy conservation in buildings

Energy consumption in the residential and tertiary sectors is especially high in developed countries.

There is a great potential for energy savings in these sectors

THE GENERAL FUNDAMENTAL RULE:

•to introduce energy efficiency technologies first•then to introduce modern options for energy conservation, i.e.:

new innovative technologies, including utilization of renewable energy, to reduce total energy consumption sufficiently.

TRADITIONAL OPTIONS OF ENERGY CONSERVATION IN BUILDINGS

To reduce the heat demand for heating purposes:• Improvement of a building envelope (including basement)

To reduce the use of heat supplied to the housing units:• Modernisation of thermal centres: automation, installation of heat meters• Modernisation of heat distribution• Introduction of individual heat meters• Modernisation of ventilation system

To reduce the use of fuels for heat production by modernisation of:• Thermal power stations and large thermal systems• Local thermal systems and boilers• Individual heat sources; which is usually done by switching from coal to gas

MODERN OPTIONS FOR ENERGY CONSERVATION IN BUILDINGS

• Introduction (or modernisation) of a design of the building with focus on the building envelope

• Utilisation of renewable energy

• Utilisation of waste energy

• Application of new methods of heat storage and heat recovery

• Reduction of waste energy and waste materials

Department of Eco-Building Engineering Institute of Fundamental Technological Research

The Department deals with:• building optimization, • modeling of structures and environment,• environmental acoustics,

• utilsation of renewable energy with stress on solar energy.

Department of Eco-Building Engineering Institute of Fundamental Technological Research

•Heat and mass transfer processes in buildings and composed media.

•Mutual interactions between environment and buildings - its influence on thermal comfort and energy consumption saving.

•Optimization of the building shape and structure and their elements, optimization of heat source utilisation in building sector.

•Thermovision analysis of building envelope.

•Solar energy devices and energy storage systems in buildings.

•Phase change for energy storage and transfer.

•Underground heat storage.

•Noise propagation in built-up areas.

•Noise generation in piping systems, acoustic in rooms of complex shape

•Composites with brittle matrix. Cement based materials.

Department of Eco-Building Engineering Energy efficiency and energy conservation in buildings

• Energy Conversion

• Energy Systems in Buildings

• Energy Technology

• Energy Transfer and Accumulation

• Renewable Energy Sources

• Active and passive energy systems

EUROPEAN PROJECT EXPERIENCE

Department of Eco-Building Engineering

• Brundtland City Energy Network• Solar Schools– Brighter Future European

Sustainable Energy Education Forum• Solid Sorption system for cooling in tri-generation

– SOCOOL• Coordination Actions for Multi-generated Energy

systems with Locally Integrated Applications – CAMELIA

Hot Water Storage

AC ElectricGrid

Natural Gas Supply

Kitchen Hot Water

Boiler

‘SOCOOL’ TRIGENERATION SYSTEM

Kitchen AC Power

Restaurant Heating /

Air-Conditioning System

H2O

50C - 60C Exhaust Gas

Cooled/Heated H2O

Solid Sorption Machine 6 kWcooling

16 kWheating

190C Oil

95C H2O

Solid Sorption Machine 6 kWcooling

16 kWheating

Exhaust Gas Heat Exchanger

210C Oil

85C H2O

Cooled/Heated H2O

Cogeneration Unit, 20 kWe,

44 kW thermal

SOCOOLSolid Sorption System for Cooling in Tri-generation

Tri-generation in the tertiary sector: Market potential Technical solutions Demonstration project

Coordination Actions or Multi-generated Energy systemswith Locally Integrated Applications CAMELIA

Coordination Actions CAMELIA are addressing more specifically the topics of :

•RES electricity

•Medium and low temperature RES heating and cooling

•PolygenerationCoordination Actions CAMELIA are done in a view to complement the future Integrated Project

Integrated Multigeneration Buildings Energy Systems Technology

Energy efficiency and energy conservation in buildings

Technical University of Łódź, Division of Building Physics and Building Materials

• Wind environment in urban structures

• the optimal arrangement of buildings

• acoustic climate in urbanised zones and in open areas

• Sound protection in industry

• Technical University of Warsaw, The Institute of Heating and Ventilation

•  heating and district heating

•  ventilation and air-conditioning

Technical University of Lublin Institute of Electrical Engineering & Electrotechnologies

• application of PV integrated systems

Energy efficiency and energy conservation in buildings

Technical University of Cracow Institute of Building Materials & Structures

•building and engineering structures, elements and materials

•durability and anticorrosion protection of buildings

•new technologies as applied to building and engineering structures;

•strengthening and reconstruction of structures•problems of modern building engineering and industrial construction with regard to environmental effects.

Technical University of Warsaw, Institute of Micro and Optoelectronics

•Network Energy in the Built Environment

• Improved Building Integration of PV by using Thin Film Modules in CIS Technology

Energy efficiency and energy conservation in buildingsBaltic Energy Conservation Agency

•Energy Auditing of residential, industrial and tertiary buildings, heat plants and networks

•Utisation of renewables

•Supporting thermalmodernisation

National Energy Conservation Agency

•Energy Auditing of residential and tertiary buildings

•Utisation of renewables

•Supporting thermalmodernisation

•Green Building - accelerating the development towards sustainable urban housing

•new technologies and latest best technologies