Mixtures and Solutions!!! :)

Divide your paper for cornell notes ( you know the notes

with two columns?)

Questions:

• Are all solutions permanent?

• Are there different types of solutions? If so, what are they?

• What is the difference between a homogenous mixture and a heterogeneous one?

Heterogeneous Mixtures〉What is a heterogeneous mixture?〉A heterogeneous mixture does not have a fixed composition.

– The amount of each substance in different samples varies.

• fruit salad

• dirt

• granite

〉There are different types of Heterogenous mixtures〉Suspensions〉Colloids〉Emulsions

• Particles in a suspension are large and settle out.

• (Ex: any drinks you have to shake up)

– Natural orange juice contains particles of pulp.

• Particles in a suspension may settle over time.

• Particles in a suspension may be filtered out.

Suspension

• Some mixtures of two liquids will separate.• Oil and vinegar in salad dressing separate into

two layers.

• Liquids that do not mix with each other are immiscible.

Colloids

Other familiar materials are

colloids.

gelatin desserts, egg

whites, and blood plasma

Does particle size have any bearing on what type of solution we will have?

Yes or no? (Use your clickers)

Determines what type of solution it will be.

Smaller the particle, the less it will settle out.

• Some immiscible liquids can form colloids.

• (Reminder: Immiscible means that it does not mix)

– emulsion: any mixture of two or more immiscible liquids in which one liquid is dispersed in the other

– Examples: Cream, mayonaise, some dressings

Emulsions

Question

• A good example of a heterogeneous mixture would be….

• Suspensions occur when……

• Write down your answers and questions in your notes:

Homogeneous Mixtures〉A homogeneous mixture looks uniform even when you

examine it under a microscope because the individual components of the mixture are too small to be seen.

Homogenous mixtures are solutions.

The smallest particles of one substance are evenly spread among similar particles of another. (definition of solution)

• solute: in a solution, the substance that dissolves in the solvent

–Is dissolved• Salt

• solvent: in a solution, the substance in which the solute dissolves

–Dissolver• Water

Homogeneous Mixture

Homogeneous Mixtures, continued

• Miscible liquids mix to form solutions.

– miscible: liquids that form a single layer when mixed

Interesting: Don’t copy!!!!

– distillation: a method used to separate miscible liquids that have different boiling points

• Liquid solutions sometimes contain no water.– petroleum: a liquid solution of gasoline,

diesel fuel, and kerosene

Homogeneous Mixtures, continued

• Other states of matter can also form solutions.– The air is a solution of nitrogen, oxygen, argon,

and other gases.– amalgam: a solution of mercury dissolved in silver

• The substance that does the dissolving is the solvent• Solids can dissolve in other solids.

– alloy: a solid or liquid mixture of two or more metals

• Question (use your clickers)

• Are solutions permanent? (yes or no)

• Heterogeneous solutions have particles evenly distributed.

• An example of a homogeneous mixture would be fruit salad?

• Solutions or homogenous mixtures are always liquid.

• Can we see the size of the particles in a solution?