SolutionsSolutions

Are homogeneous mixtures that come in solid, liquid, or gaseous

form.

Are homogeneous mixtures that come in solid, liquid, or gaseous

form.

SoluteSolute SolventSolvent

Factors Affecting SolubilityFactors Affecting Solubility

• Nature of the solute and the solvent

• Agitation

• Temperature

• Size of particles/Surface Area

• Nature of the solute and the solvent

• Agitation

• Temperature

• Size of particles/Surface Area

What is solubility?What is solubility?

• Ability to get dissolved or to be dissolved

• Is the amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent at specified conditions of T and P to produce a saturated solution.

• Ability to get dissolved or to be dissolved

• Is the amount of solute dissolved in a given amount of solvent at specified conditions of T and P to produce a saturated solution.

Types of solution in terms of concentrationTypes of solution in terms of concentration

• Saturated Solution – contains the maximum amount of solute for a given amount of solvent at a constant T.

• Unsaturated Solution – contains less amount of solute than a saturated solution.

• Supersaturated Solution - contains more solute than a saturated solution.

• Saturated Solution – contains the maximum amount of solute for a given amount of solvent at a constant T.

• Unsaturated Solution – contains less amount of solute than a saturated solution.

• Supersaturated Solution - contains more solute than a saturated solution.

Ways of Expressing Concentrations of Solutions1. Molarity/Molar Concentration – is the number of moles of

solute per 1L of solution. M = n of solute / L of solution2. Dilution – means adding more solvent to the concentrated

solution.M1V1 = M2V2

3. Percent Solutions by volume– when both solute and solvent are liquids

% V = V of solute / V of solution x 100%% Mass = gram of solute / mL of solution x 100%

4. Molality (m)/Molal Concentration = moles of solute/ kg of solvent

5. Mole Fraction

Molarity Problems• (M = moles of solute / liters of solvent)

1. A salt solution has a volume of 250mL and contains 0.70mol of NaCl. What is the molarity of the solution?

2. A saline solution contains 0.87g of NaCl per 50.0 mL of solution. What is the molarity of the solution?

3. How many grams of solute are present in 1.5L of 0.20 M Na2SO4?

4. Calculate the molarity of the ff:a. 1.0 mol of KCl in 750mL of solution.b. 400g of CuSO4 in 4.00 L of solution.

5. How many moles of solute are in 250mL of 2.0M CaCl2? How many grams of CaCl2 are there?