Solaf Variableslll

8/11/2019 Solaf Variableslll

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SOLAF SPS 2014VOLUME 1

JPN PERAK 1


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The variables are:

manipulated (independent) variable or What T o Change ( WTC ) responding (dependent) variable or What T o Observe/Measure ( WTO ) constant (fixed) variable or What To Keep The Same ( S M! )

What to observe/measure (WTO) Responding Variable

- Thing that is being OBSERVED / E!S"RED /#$VEST#%!TED /RE&ORDED / T'E RES" T o an investigation*

What to +hange (WT&) , anipulated Variable

- Thing that is &'!$%ED ( diferent ) or being manipulated inan investigation and it has an e-e+t on thing that isobserved*

What to .eep the same

- Thing that is al a0s the S! E ( unchanged ) and .ept+onstant in an investigation*

Recognising variables (WTC, WTO and SAME) in the investigations

Example !

Number of bulb Brightness of the bulb3 Bright2 Brighter 1 Brightest

JPN PERAK 2

variable is something that can var" or change

WT WTO


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Example "!

Example#!

!0

"0

#0

$0

40

30

20

10

20 40 #0 !0 100

Example $!

A gr%&' %( '&'i)s *+rrie, %&t + (+ir test t% (i , %&t the .%/e.e t %( t% *+rs &si g

,i((ere t number of wheels &t %( the s+.e size. The distance traveled by thetoy cars +re .e+s&re,

JPN PERAK

Te.'er+t&re 2! 4$

The /%)&.e %( 5+ter )e(t .) 20 1$

3

WT

WTO

R& i g ,ist+ *e .etre

The &. ers %( *hest.%/e.e t i + .i &te

WT

WTO

WT

Si6e %( the 5hee)s

Wh+t t% 7ee'the s+.e

WTO


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Example %!

8i+gr+. sh%5s t5% *ir*&its th+t 5ere 're'+re, A.ir&,,i i + i /estig+ti%

Be)%5 is + % ser/+ti% th+t is re*%r,e, A.ir&,,i

O ser/+ti% 9 The &) s i *ir*&it : +re brighter th+ the &) s i *ir*&it

Wh+t t% 7ee' the s+.e9 N&. er T 'e %( +tteries N&. er T 'e %( &) s

#ote$ 1or ever0 variable2 it is important to rite the parameterand the ob3e+t together*

E4ample5 Si6e o the to0 +ar

JPN PERAK

7arameter The senten+emount

Si%e#umber&uantit"'eightWidthMass

The amount of The si%e of The number of The uantit" of The height of The *idth of The mass of

4

B&) R

B&) S

Bright ess %( the &) WTO

B&) P B&) ;

8i+gr+. sh%5s t5% ,i((ere t*ir*&its < series *ir*&it + ,

'+r+))e) *ir*&it There(%re thethi g th+t *h+ ge is the TYPEOF CI C!IT =WT >

Re(er t% the ,i+gr+.

The '+r+.eter The % ?e*t


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7arameter The senten+eTime+istance,resenceConditionTemperature'otness

bilit"Thic-nessStrengthStabilit"&ualit"T"pe.rightnessShapeMovement

oughnessSmoothness.ase area

rea0ocation,osition+iameterColour+irection+uration,art1ro*th2olume0engthSpeed

The time ta-en of The distance of The presence of The condition of The temperature of The hotness of The abilit" of The thic-ness of The strength of The stabilit" of The ualit" of The t"pe of The brightness of The shape of The movement of The roughness of The smoothness of The base area of The area of The location of The position of The diameter of The colour of The direction of The duration of The part of The gro*th of The volume of The length of The speed of

JPN PERAK $


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8uestion samples5

a) Based on the investigation, state:

i) what to change / thing to change :ii) what to observe / thing to observe/measure

b) State what to change in the investigation above

c) Write down two variables from the investigation above: _________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________

d) From the data given, identify what to:

i) keep the same :ii) to change :

iii) to observe/measure :

e) State what is kept the same in the investigation.

f) Write two information based on the investigation above.

g) State two information gathered in the investigation above.

JPN PERAK #


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E"E CI#E#

1 R+6+7@ K+.i)+ + , S&resh *% ,&*t + st&, t% ,eter.i e the re)+ti% shi' et5ee the,ist+ *e %( the )ight s%&r*e (r%. the % ?e*t + , the si6e %( the sh+,%5 The re*%r,their % ser/+ti% s i the (%))%5i g t+ )e

$istance of light source

from ob%ect &cm'#ize of shadow &cm'

# 1#10 :14 !1! #

+ B+se, % the res&)t + %/e@ st+te9

i Wh+t t% *h+ ge =.+ i'&)+te, /+ri+ )e>

ii Wh+t t% % ser/e =res'% ,i g /+ri+ )e>

2 Three *% t+i ers R@S + , T@ *% t+i i g e &+) +.%& ts %( g+r,e s%i) +re ')+ te, 5ith e+ see,)i gs %( the s+.e height The see,)i gs +re ')+ te, $ *. (r%. e+*h %therThe *% t+i er +re )e(t i the %'e + , 5+tere, 5ith the s+.e +.%& t %( 5+ter ,+i)A(ter three 5ee7s the +/er+ge height %( the see,)i gs i the *% t+i ers +re t+7e Theres&)ts +re sh%5 i the t+ )e

Container (umber of seedlings )verage height of seedlings&cm'P 3 1#; # 12R C !

D the i /estig+ti% @ st+te

i 5h+t is ei g *h+ ge,

JPN PERAK "


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ii 5h+t is ei g .e+s&re,

iii 5h+t is 7e't the s+.e

3 F%&r 5hite .i*e +re '&t i t% *+ge M + , 12 i t% *+ge N The *+ges +re %( si.i)+r

si6e D e+*h *+ge@ the &. er %( .+)es + , (e.+)es +re the s+.e The .i*e i *+ge N +re gi/e the s+.e +.%& t %( (%%, + , 5+ter +s the .i*e i *+ge M e+*h ,+ E+*h%( the .i*e i the *+ge M + , N is 5eighe, +(ter 3 5ee7s The +/er+ge 5eight %( the.i*e i e+*h *+ge is % t+i e,

Cage (umber of mice )verage mass of the mice

M 4 "2 g N 12 $0 g

+ D the i /estig+ti% + %/e@ st+te

i Wh+t is ei g *h+ ge,



4 The t+ )e e)%5 sh%5s the ti.e t+7e (%&r '&'i)s t% *%.')ete their M+the.+ti*s test

+> D this +*ti/it @

i> Wh+t is 7e't the s+.e 9

JPN PERAK

Pu*il Time ta+en to com*lete the test & minute '

R+(i $A7.+) 108+ ish 20A6h+r 12

!


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ii> Wh+t is .e+s&re, 9

iii> Wh+t is ei g *h+ ge, 9

$ D + i /estig+ti% @ three + es 5ith ,i((ere t 5i,ths +re &se, t% *h%' 5%%, The t+ )e e)%5 sh%5s the res&)ts %( the i /estig+ti%

),e P - idth of the bac+ of the blade &mm' 3 # C

(umber of wooden bloc+ cho**ed in /0 minutes 4 ! 12

+ Wh+t is 7e't the s+.e i this i /estig+ti% G

St+te t5% /+ri+ )es (r%. the i /estig+ti% + %/e

i>

ii>

# A i /estig+ti% is *+rrie, %&t t% st&, the re)+ti% shi' et5ee *% s&.ers + , theirs%&r*es %( (%%, i + h+ it+t Dt i /%)/e, r+ts + , s +7es i + '+,, (ie), The % ser/+ti% si the i /estig+ti% +re re*%r,e, i the (%))%5i g t+ )e

ee+ 1 2 3 4(umber of sna+e C 14 1! 23(umber of rats 4! 3! 32 22

+ D the i /estig+ti% @ st+te

i Wh+t is ei g *h+ ge,



" The t+ )e sh%5s + % ser/+ti% i + e 'eri.e t *% ,&*te, + (e5 '&'i)s

JPN PERAK C


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F%&r % ?e*ts 5ith ,i((ere t height 5ere &se, t% s&''%rt the s)%tte, 5eight

Ob%ect P ; R S1ass that can be

su**orted&g '

$0 100 1$0 200

+> St+te the

i> M+ i'&)+te, /+ri+ )e 9

ii> Res'% ,i g /+ri+ )e 9 ! 100.) %( 5+ter is '%&re, i + %i)i g t& e + , the te.'er+t&re %( 5+ter is .e+s&re,

The @ the 5+ter is he+te, e/er 2 .i &tes & ti) the .i &te %( #

B+se, % the res&)t sh%5 i the +r *h+rt9

+> St+te the thi g th+t is 7e't the s+.e

> St+te two i (%r.+ti% g+there, (r%. the i /estig+ti% + %/e

C The +r *h+rt i ,i+gr+. e)%5 sh%5s the +re+ %( (%rest *)e+re, (r%. 2003 t% 200"

JPN PERAK 10

Time &minute'

ater tem*erature&2C'


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=+> St+te9

i 5h+t t% *h+ ge9

ii 5h+t t% % ser/e9 10 A gr%&' %( '&'i)s +re +s7e, t% *% str&*t three t%5er .%,e)s %( e &+) height &si g .+ i)+

*+r,s The three .%,e)s *% str&*te, the gr%&' +re sh%5 i t+ )e e)%5

E+*h .%,e) is ')+*e, % + i *)i e, ')+ e t% i /estig+te its st+ i)it The res&)ts %( thest&, is % ser/e, +s e)%5

+ B+se, % the i /estig+ti% + %/e@ st+te the (%))%5i g

i Thi g t% *h+ ge =.+ i'&)+te, /+ri+ )e>

ii Thi g t% 7ee' the s+.e =*% st+ t /+ri+ )e>

11 M+ + *+rr %&t + (+ir test T5% .i*e +re 7e't se'+r+te) i t5% *% t+i ers +s sh%5 i ,i+gr+. e)%5 B%th *% t+i ers +re )e(t (%r + 5ee7

JPN PERAK

1odel " 1odel Y 1odel 3

11

M%,e) H is the (irst t% t%'')e@ (%))%5e, .%,e) : M%,e) I ,%es %t t%'')e

)rea of forestcleared &hectares'

Year


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+>

>

St+te the (%))%5i g9

i> Wh+t t% *h+ ge

ii> Wh+t t% .e+s&re

Wh+t .&st e 7e't the s+.e i the (+ir test + %/eG

12 A st&,e t *+rrie, %&t + e 'eri.e t t% sh%5 th+t s& )ight is + +si* ee, %( ')+ ts B%th %(

the ')+ ts 5ere ')+*e, +t the s+.e )%*+ti%

St+te 5h+t .&st e 9

i> *h+ ge, ii> .e+s&re,

iii> 7e't the s+.e

13 The ,i+gr+. e)%5 sh%5s the 'h+ses %( the M%% (r%. the (irst t% the (i(tee th ,+ +se, % the )& +r *+)e ,+r

JPN PERAK 12


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+>

>

Wh+t t% 7ee' the s+.e i the i /estig+ti% + %/eG

Wh+t is % ser/e, i the i /estig+ti% + %/eG

14 Se)/i '%&rs 100 .) %( (resh .i)7 + , 100 .) %( sh+.'%% i t% t5% e+7ers res'e*ti/e) She re*%r,s the ti.e t+7e (%r e+*h )i &i, t% ()%5 *%.')ete)

+> St+te t5% i (%r.+ti% g+there,

i

ii

1$ A gr%&' %( '&'i)s +rr+ ge, three .%,e)s +s sh%5 i the ,i+gr+. e)%5t% i /estig+te the st+ i)it %( the .%,e)s

Whe the *+r, %+r, 5+s i *)i e, s)%5) @ the '&'i)s re*%r,e, their % ser/+ti% s +s (%))%5s9i M%,e) I t%'')e, %/er (irst@ (%))%5e, .%,e) H

ii M%,e) H t%'')e, %/er (irst@ (%))%5e, .%,e) :

B+se, % the i /estig+ti% + %/e@ st+te 9

i 5h+t is *h+ ge,9

ii 5h+t is 7e't the s+.e 9

iii 5h+t is % ser/e, 9

JPN PERAK 13

*+r, %+r,

.%,e)s %( '%) st re e

.i)7 sh+.'%%

Ti.e 2 se*% ,s Ti.e ! se*% ,s


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1$# 8i+gr+. ! sh%5s + i /estig+ti% *+rrie, %&t + gr%&' %( '&'i)s

B+se, % the (+ir test + %/e@ st+te

i 5h+t is *h+ ge,

ii 5h+t t% % ser/e


1" D + i /estig+ti% @ + gr%&' %( '&'i)s &se, + s'ri g-'%5ere, t% *+r +s sh%5 e)%5

The t+ )e e)%5 sh%5s their % ser/+ti% s

(umber of thes*ring is wound

$istanced traveled&cm'

Time ta+en&second'

3 40 10$ 40 !" 40 #

St+te t5% /+ri+ )es i this i /estig+ti%

JPN PERAK 14

%& g ')+ ts

()%5er '%t


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1! Je+ e *+rries %&t + i /estig+ti% r%))i g three +))s %( ,i((ere t .+ss ,%5 + i *)i e, ')+ e The +))s 5%&), hit + 5%%,e )%*7 + , the ,ist+ *e the )%*7 .%/es is re*%r,e,

The t+ )e e)%5 sh%5s the res&)t %( the e 'eri.e t

4all 1ass of the ball &g' $istance the wooden bloc+ moves &cm'5 100 # $6 200 ! 01 300 10 3

Fr%. this i /estig+ti% @ st+te

i> 5h+t t% *h+ ge 9

ii> 5h+t t% .e+s&re 9

1C A i /estig+ti% h+s ee *+rrie, %&t Kh+iri % three ,i((ere t )i &i,s J@K + , L Theres&)ts %( the i /estig+ti% s sh%5 i the t+ )e e)%5

Ty*e of li7uid Effect on litmus *a*erJ B)&e )it.&s '+'er *h+ ges t% re,K Re, )it.&s '+'er *h+ ges t% )&eL N% *h+ ges %( re, + , )&e )it.&s '+'er

Fr%. the res&)t %( the (+ir test + %/e@ st+te 9

i> Wh+t t% *h+ ge 9

ii> Wh+t t% % ser/e 9

20 8i ie tries t% re+7 t5% r&)ers %( the s+.e si6e &t .+,e &' %( ,i((ere t .+teri+)s er

JPN PERAK 1$

ball Woodenbloc

!ncline "lane


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% ser/+ti% s +re re*%r,e, i the (%))%5i g t+ )e A s5er the (%))%5i g &esti% s

P)+sti* r&)er Stee) r&)er

Ty*e of ruler ObservationP)+sti* r&)er + e r%7eStee) r&)er + %t e r%7e

+> St+te the thi g th+t is

i> *h+ ge, 9

ii> % ser/e, 9

21 The ,i+gr+. e)%5 sh%5s the h+r/esti g .eth%,

8arvesting method 6and size of harvesting&hectar'

&.+ )+ %&r 1 $

+r/esti g .+*hi e $

St+te the thi g th+t is

JPN PERAK 1#


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i> *h+ ge, 9

ii> % ser/e, 9

22 The (ig&re e)%5 sh%5s t5% +*ti/ities : + , H th+t +re *+rrie, %&t F+i6+) A*ti/it : sh%5s the he+/iest % ?e*t th+t F+i6+) *+ )i(t 5ith%&t &si g + '&))e A*ti/it H sh%5s the he+/iest % ?e*t th+t F+i6+) *+ )i(t &si g % e '&))e

A*ti/it : A*ti/it H

The % ser/+ti% %( the i /estig+ti% is +s (%))%5s 9

)ctivity (umber of *ulley The weight of ob%ect thatcan be lifted

: 0 " 7gH 1 14 7g

23 A gr%&' %( '&'i)s *+rrie, %&t + i /estig+ti% t% (i , %( i( .i*r%%rg+ is.s *+ gr%5 Thes'ri 7)e, + 'ie*e %( re+, 5ith + (e5 ,r%'s %( 5+ter The re+, 5+s )e(t i + ')+sti* +g (%rthree 5ee7s The +r *h+rt sh%5s the res&)t % t+i e,

=+> B+se, % the *h+rt@ st+te the (%))%5i g@i Thi gs t% *h+ ge =.+ i'&)+te, /+ri+ )e>

JPN PERAK

+> D this i /estig+ti% @ st+te the thi g th+t is

i> *h+ ge, 9

ii .e+s&re, 9

1"

0

5

10

15

20

1 2 3

(umber of blac+ *atches

ee+


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ii Thi gs t% % ser/e =res'% ,i g /+ri+ )e>

iii Thi g t% 7ee' the s+.e =*% st+ t /+ri+ )e>

24 S+. + , his (rie ,s +re *+rr i g %&t + i /estig+ti%

8i+gr+. 1 =i> sh%5s S+. is tr i g t% .%/e + )%+, &si g + )e/er e (i ,s it is ,i((i*&)tt% .%/e the )%+,

8i+gr+. # =i>

S+. .%/es the (&)*r&. *)%ser t% the )%+, +s sh%5 i 8i+gr+. 1 =ii>The he (i ,s th+t it is e+sier t% .%/e the )%+,

8i+gr+. # =ii>

+> B+se, % the e 'eri.e t@ st+te t5% /+ri+ )es

i>

ii>

> Wh+t t% 7ee' the s+.e i the e 'eri.e t

2$ S*ie tists *+rr %&t + i /estig+ti% t% st&, the te.'er+t&res % the ,i((ere t ')+ ets + ,their ,ist+ *es (r%. the S& Their (i ,i gs +re +s (%))%5s9

JPN PERAK 1!


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B+se, % the i /estig+ti% + %/e@ st+te

=i> Wh+t t% *h+ ge9

=ii> Wh+t t% % ser/e9

JPN PERAK1C

Planet P 9 very high tem*eraturePlanet - 9 very low tem*erature

Solaf Variableslll

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