Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University...
-
Upload
willow-fluke -
Category
Documents
-
view
215 -
download
0
Transcript of Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University...
![Page 1: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Social Psychology of Watersheds
Donelson R. ForsythJepson School of Leadership Studies
University of Richmond
This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924, An Integrated Multi-objective Decision Analysis Model for an Urban Watershed in the Richmond, VA Metropolitan Area. Thanks are extended to my
colleagues, including Garret Schlein, Paul Story, Margot Garcia, Linda E.Zyzniewski and Natalie A. Kerr, for their assistance with the research reported here.
For notes see: http://facultystaff.richmond.edu/~dforsyth/
![Page 2: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Overview
Social Psychological Assumptions
Social Psychology and the Environment
Water Issues
A Little Data on Engagement
![Page 3: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Social Psychological Assumptions
Behavior = (P, E)
Kurt Lewin
Nothing so practical….
![Page 4: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
•How do people perceive the environments
around them?•Why do they come to develop proprietary
orientations towards areas that they use
frequently? •What is the relationship between overcrowding
and pathological social behaviors?•How do individuals cope when the
neighborhoods in which they live are too noisy,
too polluted, or too difficult to territorialize?•When will people take actions to protect
environmental resources?
Social Psychology and the Environment
![Page 5: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Quiz: Can You Identify this Location on the UR Campus?
• Environment often taken for granted; unnoticed
Hint
![Page 6: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Are you aware of a stream or brook that runs through campus?
![Page 7: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Are there any “point” sources of pollution on campus (air or water)?
![Page 8: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
How much of UR is paved? Impervious surfaces create problems
Westhampton Campus
![Page 9: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Before
After
![Page 10: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Water Water Issues• Where does it
come from?• Where does it go?
![Page 12: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Where is the water?Where does it flow through the
city?How is it contained?How clean is it?
Water Issues
![Page 13: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Richmond is
located in the Chesapeake
Bay Watershed (and
the James River
Watershed)
.
The watershed carries away the water from
natural and other sources, such as water used to
irrigate crops, wash the car or boat, or sprinkle the
lawn.
![Page 14: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Watersheds, particularly in urban areas, can also carry away things besides water, such as
eroded soil, chemicals, trash, and other pollutants.
![Page 15: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Environmental disruption includes• point sources and nonpoint pollution• changes in waterflow and stream course• changes in the riparian zone
![Page 16: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Watersheds can also experience systemic perturbations, in which the course of the water influences—dramatically—the built and natural environmental surroundings: Floods.
Downtown Richmond, 2004, after Hurricane Gaston
![Page 17: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
The James River
Relatively clean
in Richmond High levels of
discharged
“nutrients”downstream
Kepone Supersite below the city, near
Hopewell Virginia (dates to 1975)
![Page 20: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Chickahominy River Basin
James River Basin
Upham BrookTributaries
![Page 22: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Bryant ParkRichmond VA
![Page 24: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Overview
Social Psychological Assumptions
Social Psychology and the Environment
Water Issues
A Little Data on Engagement
![Page 25: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Study 1: A representative survey (telephone) of over 1,000 residents of the James River Basin Watershed, including Upham Brook
Study 2: A more detailed surveying (nonrepresentative) of 120 Upham Brook Watershed residents
Study 3: A reanalysis of the phone survey, examining identity issues
Study 4: An experimental study of identity activation and environmental engagement
A Little Data on Engagement
![Page 26: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Awareness
Appraisal
BehaviorSense of Community
1.People must be aware 2.People must be concerned(Engagement as “helping behavior”)
![Page 27: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Awareness
The majority of the residents were not aware of a “stream or brook” that runs through “your neighborhood.”
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Unaware Aware
JamesUpham
![Page 28: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Appraisal
If aware: “What condition is the stream or brook in?” Most thought clean, not dirty.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Clean Dirty Don't Know
JamesUpham
![Page 29: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Individuals who were aware of streams, and who considered those streams to be polluted were more likely to report willingness to get involved in watershed clean up activities; F (3, 1096) = 9.70, p < .01
Watershed Awareness, Appraisal, and Intentions
3
3.2
3.4
3.6
3.8
4
Aware/Clean Aware/Not Clean Aware/Don'tKnow
Not Aware
Intentions
![Page 30: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Awareness
Appraisal
ResponsibilityBehavior
![Page 31: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Dotted lines are not significantNumbers in ( ) are weights before mediation
![Page 32: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Is sense of community related to behavioral intention?
Awareness Appraisal Behavior
Sense of CommunityWhen you think
about your community, how
often do you think in terms of [city/county
![Page 33: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3
3.1
3.2
3.3
Hi Identification Low Identification
Region
City/County
Neighborhood
Individuals who identified closely with their city/county and neighborhood (but not the region) expressed more positive behavioral intentions.
![Page 34: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
We activated identity in door-to-door surveys (n = 57)
Regional awareness condition: participants were told that they were chosen for the interview since they lived in the region, and they were asked how closely they identified with the region before continuing.
Neighborhood identity condition were told they were selected to represent their neighborhood
Control subjects were not given any identity-activating information
![Page 35: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
Control Regional Neighborhood
Clean-upDonate
![Page 36: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Overview
Social Psychological Assumptions
Social Psychology and the Environment
Water Issues
A Little Data on Engagement
Conclusions
![Page 37: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Conclusions• Inaccurate knowledge, little awareness
•Individuals are relatively unaware of their watershed, but awareness + negative evaluation = greater willingness to take action to improve them
• Very high value placed on clean water, but involvement in watershed preservation is not predicted by general attitudes towards the environment
•Individuals who consider their city to be their community are more likely to express positive behavioral intentions
![Page 38: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Educational Interventions
![Page 39: Social Psychology of Watersheds Donelson R. Forsyth Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond This work is funded by NSF grant 9874924,](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032611/56649c9a5503460f94956cc6/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)