Slideshow: Knee Joint
51
The Knee Joint
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Transcript of Slideshow: Knee Joint
The Knee Joint
The Knee Joint
Is the largest synovial joint in the body
The Knee Joint
Found at the junction of the thigh and the leg
The Knee Joint
Consists of 3 distinct articulationsto form a complex hinge joint
The Knee Joint
Consists of 3 distinct articulationsto form a complex hinge joint
•Medial Tibiofemoral joint
•Patellofemoral joint
The Knee Joint
Consists of 3 distinct articulationsto form a complex hinge joint
The Knee Joint
Anterior View
The Knee Joint
Anterior View
Femur
The Knee Joint
Anterior View
Fibula
The Knee Joint
Anterior View
Tibia
The Knee Joint
Anterior View
Patella
The Knee Joint
Lateral View
The Knee Joint
Lateral View
Femur
The Knee Joint
Lateral View
Tibia
The Knee Joint
Lateral View
Fibula
The Knee Joint
Lateral View
Patella
The Knee Joint
Medial View
The Knee Joint
Medial View
Patella
The Knee Joint
Medial View
Femur
The Knee Joint
Medial View
Tibia
Ligaments of the Knee Joint
The knee joint is stablised on either side by collateral
ligaments
Medial view
Medial Collateral Ligament
Medial view
Arises from the medial epicondyle of the Femur
Wide insertion onto the proximal aspect of the medial Tibia
Medial Collateral Ligament
Medial view
Resists forces that push the knee medially
Lateral Collateral Ligament
Lateral view
Arises from the Lateral Epicondyle of the Femur
Cord-like structure that inserts anterior to the Apex of the Fibular head
Lateral Collateral Ligament
Lateral view
Stabilises the lateral side of the knee
Cruciate Ligaments
Anterior view with the Knee Joint flexed
Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Arises from the anterior aspect of the Intercondylar
area of the Tibia
Inserts onto the medial aspect of the
Lateral Femoral Condyle
Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Stabilises the Knee by preventing forward
movement of the Tibia relative to the Femur
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
Posterior View
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
Posterior View
Attaches to the lateral aspect of the Medial Femoral Condyle and
the Intercondylar Notch
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
Posterior View
Attaches to the lateral aspect of the Medial Femoral Condyle and
the Intercondylar Notch
Distal part of the Ligament attaches to the posterior aspect of the
intercondylar Region of the Tibia and the adjacent posterior Tibia
Posterior Cruciate Ligament
Posterior View
Prevents backward movement of the
Tibia relative to the Femur
Oblique Popliteal Ligament
Oblique Popliteal Ligament
Arises as an extension from the lateral side of semimembranosustendon
Attaches to medial aspect ofLateral Femoral Condyle
Oblique Popliteal Ligament
Blends with posterior joint capsule
Forms part of floor of the popliteal fossa
Function: primary stabiliser of the Posterolateral Knee
Arcuate Popliteal Ligament
Fibres blend with the joint capsule and run from Lateral Femoral Condyle and adjacent intercondylar area of posterior Tibia
to
Head of the Fibula
Arcuate Popliteal Ligament
Stabilises posterior aspect of the Knee
Patellar Ligament(Patellar Tendon)
Attaches the lower pole of Patella to the
Tibial Tuberosity
It is the continuation of the tendon of
Quadriceps Femoris
Patellar Ligament(Patellar Tendon)
Attaches the Patella to the Tibia
It is the continuation of the tendon of
Quadriceps Femoris
Muscles and Tendons around the Knee Joint
SartoriusGracilis
Semitendinosus
Means ‘Goose’s Foot’Comprises 3 conjoined
tendons
Pes Anserinus
Medial view
Semimembranosus
Divides into a series of slips at the level of the knee and has a complex attachment
Most fibres attach to the posterior aspect of the Medial Tibial Condyle
Some fibres form a strong expansion and pass obliquely upwards to the Lateral Femoral Condyle to form the oblique
Popliteal Ligament
Posterior view
Biceps Femoris
The Long and Short Heads unite to form a tendon that inserts onto the
head of the Fibula
Posterior view
long head
short head
Iliotibial Tract
Attaches to Gerdy’s Tubercle
on the anterior aspect of theLateral Tibial Condyle
Tensor Fasciae Latae
Gerdy’s Tubercle
Proximally it receives two muscles•Tensor Fasciae Latae•Gluteus Maximus
Iliotibial Tract
Anterior view
Quadriceps Femoris
Patella
Patellar Ligament
Quadriceps Femoris comprises 4 muscles•Rectus Femoris•Vastus Lateralis•Vastus Intermedius•Vastus Medialis
Extends and stabilises the knee during gait
Anterior view
Menisci
2 crescent-shaped intra-articular fibrocartilaginous structures situated one on each Tibial Facet
Superior view of proximal right tibia
Medial Meniscus
Lateral Meniscus
anterior
posterior
Menisci
Menisci Each Meniscus has an anterior and posterior horn through which the Meniscus gains attachment to the tibial plateau
Medial Meniscus
Lateral Meniscus
Anterior horns
Posterior horns
Superior view of proximal right tibia
Menisci are wedge-shaped in cross-section
The Menisci widen and deepen the
Tibial articular surface that receives the Femoral Condyles
